feg chapter 08

7/27/2019 FEG Chapter 08

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Preview

8-1 Connecting ideas with and

8-2 Connecting ideas with butand or8-3 Connecting ideas with so

8-4 Using auxiliary verbs afterbutand and

8-5 Using and + too, so, either, neither

8-6 Connecting ideas with because8-7 Connecting ideas with even though/although

CONTENTS


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PREVIEW

PUNCTUATION:

CORRECT INCORRECT ?OR

Elephants eat leaves and brush.


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PREVIEW

PUNCTUATION:

CORRECT INCORRECT ?ORFlounder are fish all fish live in water.

Flounder are fish. All fish live in water.

CORRECT


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PREVIEW

PUNCTUATION:

CORRECT INCORRECT ?ORCarrots onions and celery are vegetables.

Carrots onions and celery are vegetables.

CORRECT

, ,


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8-1 CONNECTING IDEAS WITHAND

We had salmon, asparagus,and salad for dinner.


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CONNECTING ITEMS WITHIN A SENTENCE

(a) NO COMMA: I ate an apple anda banana.

(b) COMMA: I ate an apple a banana anda pear., ,


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andconnects twowords NO COMMA

andconnects three or more COMMAS


CONNECTING ITEMS WITHIN A SENTENCE

(a) NO COMMA: I ate an apple anda banana.

(b) COMMA: I ate an apple a banana anda pear., ,


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CONNECTING TWO SENTENCES

(c) COMMA: I ate an apple andyou ate a pear.,


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andconnects twosentences COMMA



(c) COMMA: I ate an apple andyou ate a pear.,


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(d) PERIOD: I ate an apple You ate a pear.

(e) INCORRECT:I ate an apple, you ate a pear.

.


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(d) PERIOD: I ate an apple You ate a pear.

(e) INCORRECT:I ate an apple, you ate a pear.

.

period two complete sentences

no and

no comma


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8-1 LETS PRACTICE

I like lettuce and tomato on my cheeseburger.

COMMA

NO COMMA

COMMAS?


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8-1 LETS PRACTICE

I speak Hindi and you speak Swedish.

COMMA

NO COMMA

COMMAS?

,


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8-1 LETS PRACTICE

I like lettuce tomato and cheese

on my hamburger.

COMMA

NO COMMA

COMMAS?


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8-1 LETS PRACTICE

I like lettuce tomato and cheese

on my hamburger.

COMMA

NO COMMA

COMMAS?

, ,


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8-2 CONNECTING IDEAS WITH BUTAND OR

I studied for the test,but I failed.


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(a) The teamplayedwell bu tdidnt win.

(b) Is it going to rainorsnow?

(c) Would you likepeas carrots squash?

and, bu tand or conjunctions

connect items

commas series of three or more

, , or


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(d) I had the flu bu tI didnt feel sick.

(e) Did you have the flu orwas it just a cold?

I had the flu. = a sentenceI didnt feel sick. = a sentence

,

,

two completesentences with

bu toror

comma


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8-2 LETS PRACTICE

and

but

or

COMMA

NO COMMA+

I love to eat ice cream ____

it gives me a stomachache.


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I love to eat ice cream ____

it gives me a stomachache.

8-2 LETS PRACTICE

but,

and

but

or

COMMA

NO COMMA+


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8-2 LETS PRACTICE

and,

and

but

or

COMMA

NO COMMA+

She goes to school, studies hard ____

gets good grades.


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8-2 LETS PRACTICE

and

but

or

COMMA

NO COMMA+

Would you like an apple ____ a banana.


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8-2 LETS PRACTICE

or

and

but

or

COMMA

NO COMMA+

Would you like an apple ____ a banana.


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8-3 CONNECTING IDEAS WITH SO

Rajiv got a new bike, so hewent for a ride.


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, so

two independent clauses

(a) She was tired, soshe took a nap.


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So resul ts:

cause: She was tired.

result: She took a nap.

(a) She was tired, soshe took a nap.


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(a) She was tired, soshe took a nap.(b) COMPARE: She was tired, bu tshe

didnt take a nap.

bu t unexpected result


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8-3 LETS PRACTICE

sobut

He was frightened, ___ he didnt cry.but


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8-3 LETS PRACTICE

She was lonely, ___ she

hugged her stuffed monkey.

so

sobut


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8-3 LETS PRACTICE

His mother told him not to play in the mud,

___ he didnt listen.but

so

but


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8-4 USING AUXILIARY VERBS AFTER BUTANDAND

He likes pizza, but I dont.


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(a) I dont playtennis, but Jim does.

(b) I l ikeracketball, but Jim doesnt.

(c) I wont beleaving, but Nazan wi l l.

(d) Yi-When has beento Rome,butJen hasnt.

(e) Sheisntat school, but he is.


does= play tennis


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(f) I dont playtennis, and Jim doesnteither.

(g) I l ikeracketball, and Jim doestoo.

(h) I wont beleaving, and Nazan wonteither.

(i) Yi-When has beento Rome,andJen hastoo.

(j) Sheisntat school, and heisnteither.



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I dont playtennis, and Jim doesnteither.

I wont beleaving, and Nazan wonteither.

I dont playtennis, but Jim does.


negative + but + affirmative

affirmative + but + negative

I l ikeracketball, but Jim doesnt.

negative + and + negative

negative + and + negative


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8-4 LETS PRACTICE

CORRECT INCORRECT ?ORI love to ski, but my sister does too.

CORRECT

I love to ski, and my sisterdoes too.


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8-4 LETS PRACTICE

CORRECT INCORRECT ?ORThe man is cooking, but the woman isnt.


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8-4 LETS PRACTICE

CORRECT INCORRECT ?ORLee hasnt been to Tokyo, but Boram does.

CORRECT

Lee hasnt been to Tokyo, but Boram has.


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8-5 USINGAND + TOO, SO, EITHER, NEITHER

Ms. Poulos plays the violin,and her daughter does too.


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(a) Hyun likes dogs, andSun Hee does too.subj + aux + TOO

(b) Hyun likes dogs, andso does Sun Hee.SO + aux + subj

same meaning


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(c) Bob doesnt like dogs, andJay doesnt either.subj + aux + EITHER

(d) Bill doesnt like dogs, andneither does Jay.NEITHER + aux+ subj

same meaning


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I am too.

same

meaning

(e) Im happythat we are

cooking

together. So am I.

(f) Im happy that we are

cooking together.


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I dont either.

(g) I dontlike bread.

Neither do I.

(h) I dont like bread.

same

meaning


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Me too.

(i) I like fruit.

Me neither.

(j) I dont like bread.

informal

English


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8-5 LETS PRACTICE

too

Amy is wearing highheels, and _______

________________.

Emma

is too


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8-5 LETS PRACTICE

Amy wears highheels, and _______

________________.

so does

Emma

so


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8-5 LETS PRACTICE

Jay doesnt havelong hair, and

________________.neither does Amy

neither


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8-6 CONNECTING IDEAS WITH BECAUSE

They are happy because theybought a new house.


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(a) She is smiling because she is happy.

because cause

reason


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complete sentence


(b) MAIN CLAUSE:She is smiling.

(c)ADVERB CLAUSE:because she is happy.

because+subject+ verb = an adverb clause

complete sentence


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(d) She is smiling because she is happy.

(no comma)

MAIN CLAUSE ADVERB CLAUSE

main clause + nocomma + adverb clause

(e) Because she is happy,she is smiling.

(comma)

MAIN CLAUSEADVERB CLAUSE

adverb clause+ comma +main clause

8 6 CONNECTING IDEAS WITH BECAUSE


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(d) She is smiling because she is happy.

(no comma)

MAIN CLAUSE ADVERB CLAUSE

(e) Because she is happy,she is smiling.

(comma)

MAIN CLAUSEADVERB CLAUSE

same meaning



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(f) INCORRECT IN WRITING:

She is smiling. Because she is happy.

must be

connected to

a main clause

Written?



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(g) CORRECT IN SPEAKING:

Why is he

laughing?

Because I told

him a joke.

8 6 LETS PRACTICE


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8-6 LETS PRACTICE

CORRECT INCORRECT?ORHer eyes are watering. Because she is sick.

CORRECT

Her eyes are watering ________________.

OR

Because she is sick, __________________her eyes are watering.

because she is sick


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8 7 CONNECTING IDEAS WITH EVEN THOUGH /


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8-7 CONNECTING IDEAS WITH EVEN THOUGH/

ALTHOUGH

Even though we were tired,we didnt rest.



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(a) Even thoughI was very sad, I didnt cry.I did not cry even thoughI was very sad.


ALTHOUGH



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(a)Even though

I was very sad, I didnt cry.I did not cry even thoughI was very sad.

(b) Al thoughI was very sad, I didnt cry.

I did not cry al thoughI was very sad.

even though

al though

same

meaningadverb clause


ALTHOUGH

+



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(c) Because I was very sad, I cried.

(d) Even though I was very sad, I did not cry.

because expected result

even thoughal though

unexpected result

COMPARE:


ALTHOUGH

8 7 LETS PRACTICE


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8-7 LET S PRACTICE

even though

because

___________ I wanted to become a doctor, I

went to medical school.

Because

8 7 LETS PRACTICE


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8-7 LET S PRACTICE

___________ it was difficult

to become a doctor, I did it anyway.

Even though

even though

because

PHOTO CREDITS

feg chapter 08

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