FCOCP

Level III Clinic

Level III – Football Canada Officials Certification Program (FCOCP)

Purpose• To improve the understanding of Umpire positions• To introduce the concept of 5 Official crew• To prepare officials for assignment as Referee in minor and High School Leagues• To prepare Officials for assignments to the Referee and Back Umpire positions• To prepare officials for assignment to sideline positions in a 5 official system.• To improve rule knowledge and understanding of game administration procedures

• Encourage further participation and progress in the FCOCP

Certification Requirements

• Participation at all clinic sessions

• Minimum of 80% on Level III Exam

• Pass practical evaluation of at the Referee, Umpire or Sideline positions PASSING MARK 80 %

MEETINGS

LESSON 1

5

General Duties The Referee and Umpire will meet with the coaches 30 minutes prior to the start of the game. Meet with each coach for the same amount of time.Generally meet with visiting coach first.

Meeting the Coaches

6

Meeting the Coaches

7

The Referee- - Introduce yourself and the Umpire   - Allow the Umpire to request the coach sign the coach’s certification formA-Ask the coach to identify captains, punter, kicker and holder and any other players the officials should know about( eg. 3rd down centre )A-Ask if there are any concerns or special plays the officials should be aware of. -Advise the coach of any special pre game happening, field conditions etc.

Meeting the Coaches

8

- Serve as the “eyes” and “ears” of the Referee after being introduced. - Request that the coach’s certification be signed. - Record the numbers of the captains, punter , kicker holder and any other player officials should know about - Listen to the coach’s concerns/plays and be able to relay this information to the rest of the officials. - Accompany the referee back to the timer’s bench to meet with the rest of the crew.

Meeting the Coaches

The Umpire

9

Game Card and Coaches Declaration

Umpire

gets the coach to sign the Coaches

Declaration

Umpire

records captains place kicker holder and punter given by the coach

If the team with the choice at the start of the game chooses to defer mark a D by first half

D D

The Umpire and All members of the crew should record time outs

10

MEETING THE CAPTAINS

INTRODUCTION

CAPTAINS

OFFICIALS

HEAD

LINESM

AN

BACK JUDGE

UMPIR

EFI

ELD J

UDGE

SIDE J

UDGE

LINE JU

DGE

REFEREE

STANDS WITH BACK TO PRESS BOX SO WHEN HE TURNS THE ANNOUNCER CAN SEE HIS SIGNALS

FIRST CHOICE

WILL THE TEAM WITH FIRST CHOICE TAKE IT NOW OR DEFER TO THE SECOND HALF

Mechanics for Deferring

1) Stand beside the deferring Team

2) signal –incomplete pass

11

MEETING THE CAPTAINS

OPTIONS TO THE TEAM MAKING THE CHOICE

-Kick or Receive-Choice of End

Mechanics for Identifying and Recording Choices

Referee – Signal choice of the Team making the FIRST choice

Umpire - record choices –deferred or not - selections made

Referee comments to Captains Prior to choices- any questions/concerns

- field conditions or information teams should know

After choices - have a good game - get Teams out for the Kickoff start in _ minutes

12

Choice at the Start of the Game

Referee will allow the visiting team first choice at start of the game

To make choice in first half or defer their choice to the second half

Can be decided by a coin toss.

How else can the choice be decided?

How high did he flip it?

13

Meeting the CaptainsStart of the Game

Waiting for captains

Captains greeting each other Switching sides after choiceUmpire recording choices

Introducing the crew and making the choices

14

MEETING THE CAPTAINS TO START SECOND HALF

Umpire - Advise referee whose choice it is

Referee - Ask the captain of the team who has a

choice

-Ask the other team for their choice.

-Signal choice of the team that had the first selection

15

Pre Game Meeting with Officials

After the Meeting with the Coaches

-Go over numbers captains punter, kicker ,holder

-Review any special plays that the coaches have stated

-Review any problems with numbering of players

-Review how you will interact with other officials

Done before Meetings with the Coaches

-4man crew- review when you will give Free and Held signal and the response required.

-Review how kicks from scrimmage will be covered

-Review coverage when ball goes out of bounds

-review the relay of the ball after it becomes dead

Umpire – Special Communication Factors

LESSON 2

Reviewing the Umpire Position

Communication with the Referee

During Penalty Options– Clock Stopped?

– Get a Ball

– Direct Captains to Referee

– Know circumstances of play and foul

– Stay by Referee

– Remind Referee to give pre-signal

– Know options’ assist Referee if he/she needs help

– Mark off yardage and place ball

– Confirm penalty application with Head Linesman

– Remind Referee when time will start

18

Communication with the Referee

TIME OUT NOTIME OUT

The head coach or designated coach may call a time out from the sideline

Players on the field may call time outs

Time Outs

Make sure the clock is stopped.

Time the time out on your watch.

See that the time out is charged against the proper team and recorded

on the game card.

Stand together with the crew.

Notify the Referee when 50 seconds has elapsed.

Remind Referee that time starts on the snap of the ball.

Communication with the Referee (4)

Half Time

– Timing of Half Time responsibility

– Get game ball

– Proceed to dressing room

– Discuss problems

– Note Team choice for second half

– Proceed to field with 5 minutes left

Communication with Sideline Officials

• Indicate responsibility for deep/short pass coverage

• Take position when Players huddle

• Determine who is “HELD”? Who is “FREE”?– Usually “HELD” Official is on wide side of field– You may wish to hold short side Official on the LS because of formation that offence takes.

• When Referee blows ball ready, indicate who will be “HELD” by extending arm and pointing with open hand

• Check for his/her response signal (pointing to ground) and responses signal of other Official (salute)

• As offence breaks huddle, count defensive team and check for legality of offensive formation

• Prepare for next play

Developing Positive Player Relationships

• Will reduce disputes• Enhance respect for Officials• Show that you care• Facilitate administration of game• Use comments like

“let him/her up easily”“watch your hands”“keep your hand in”“Blue, you’ve got two Players coming in”“ball, please”, followed by “thank you”

Communication by the Umpire

Lesson 3

23

Communicating with the RefereeDuring Penalty options

-Be sure that the clock is stopped

-Obtain a ball from the Head Linesman/Line Judge /ball boy

-Direct the captains to the Referee

-Know as much as possible about the circumstances of the play and foul as you can( g. where was the exact PLS on left or right hash or centre of field

-Stay by the Referee

-Remind the Referee to give a pre signal

-Know what the options should be, to assist the referee IF he needs help

-Once an option has been chosen, mark off the distance and put the ball down

-Confirm with the Head Linesman that the correct distance penalty has been assessed

Remind the Referee when time will start on the next play

24

Developing Player Relationships

Create a positive relationship with players

Will reduce disputes

Enhance respect for officials

Make players aware that you care

Facilitate administration of the game

Use comments like:

* “ Let him up easily” * “ Good work”

* “ Watch your hands” * “ Blue, you’ve got two players coming in”

* “ Keep your hands in” * “ Hard running”

* “ Ball, please, followed by “thank you”

25

Half time

COMMUNICATION WITH THE REFEREE

- Note when the second quarter ended and the third quarter should start.

- Get the game ball

- Proceed to the dressing room.

- Discuss problems

- Check game card to see who has choice to start to start the second half.

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Hurry Up Offense

WITH BALL UNTIL REFEREE IS READY

BALL AWARNESS

CONTINUE NORMAL RESPONSIBILITIES

BEFORE PLAY

DURING PLAY

BETWEEN PLAYS

PLAYER MANAGEMENT AFTER PLAY

27

TIMING AND CLOCK AWARNESS

KICKOFF-SIGNAL-TIME IN

-TIME OUT

DURING THE GAME

-STOP CLOCK WHEN NESCESSARY

-ASSIST REFEREE IN CONTROLLOING THE CLOCK

-KEEP THE REFEREE INFORMED

BE AWARE OF TIMING AND CLOCK CONTROL

28

COUNTING PLAYERS

COUNT PLAYERS IN GROUPS

5 OFFICIAL CREW

-COUNT OFFENSE, NOTE 5 INELIGIBLE LINEMEN IN A

CONTINUOUS ROW AND AN ELIGIBLE NUMBER AT BOTH

ENDS OF THE LINE

4 OFFICIAL CREW

-COUNT THE DEFENCE

WARNING RE: SUBSTITUTIONS

“TOO MANY MEN”-SECOND COUNT

KICKOFF –COUNT DEFENCE

PUNTS- CHECK TEAM ALIGNMENT

- 10 –12 YARDS BACK , TURN AS PLAYERS PASS YOU

- 4 MAN CREW FAVOUR SHORT SIDE (COVER THAT SIDE)

HURRY UP OFFENCE- COUNT WHILE GETTING READY

29

COMMUNICATION WITH SIDELINE OFFICIALS

TAKE POSITION WHEN PLAYERS HUDDLE

4 MAN CREW

DETERMINE FREE AND HELD

- FREE OFFICIAL IS ON THE SHORT SIDE OF FIELD

- MAY WANT TO HOLD FREE OFFICIAL ON LS BECAUSE OF FROMATION THAT THE OFFENCE TAKES

- WHEN REFEREE BLOWS BALL READY, INDICATE WHO WILL IS

FREE AND HELD BY EXTENDING ARM AND POINTING TO HELD

OFFICIAL

- CHECK FOR RESPONSE SIGNAL (HELD –POINTING TO GROUND; FREE OFFICIAL POINTING DOWN FIELD

FIVE MAN CREW

-SIGNAL DOWNS TO SIDELINE OFFICIALS

-WORK WITH REFEREE CONTROLLING PUTTING BALL INTO PLAY

Positioning of the Umpire

LESSON 4

31

Initial Positioning of the Umpire

Umpire set up 5 to 8 yards behind L of S

Generally behind the Linebackers

32

READING KEYS

UTILIZE PRE GAME INFORMATION

PRIOR TO PLAY

-KEY PLAY FACTORS

-SPECIAL FORMATIONS

-SPECIAL SUBSTITUTIONS

DURING THE PLAY

NOTE PLAYER ACTION

-GO WITH THE FLOW

-WATCH PLAYER PATTERNS

-LOOK THROUGH THE PLAY

-NOTE DEFENSIVE FORMATIONS

SHORT YARDAGE PLAYS

-KICK OFFS

-PUNTS

-CONVERTS

33

UMPIRE SURVIVAL TACTICS AND MOVEMENTS

- AGGRESSIVE FORWARD MOTION

- STEP INTO POCKET OF PASS PLAY

- STEP FORWARD ON PUNTS

- PLAY AWARNESS

-“SIDE – STEP AND TURN TACTICS”

- REACT TO INSTINCTS

- DON’T PILE ON

- COMMUNICATION WITH PLAYERS

- VARY INITIAL POSITIONING

- UTILIZE PRE –GAME INFO

- “LOW PROFILE” ON PASS PLAYS

- LATERAL MOBILITY

How could have the Umpire avoided this?

Umpire-Scrimmage Running Plays

Watch Linemen for illegal procedure and 1 full second pause

Split the line with the Referee

Watch defensive line charge: holding, illegal use of hands, butt tactics etc.

Then watch the game behind the L of S as defense penetrates, to cover behind the Referee .

Look through the action to cover behind the Referee.

Pick up ball carrier on short plays through the line

When a man is coming at you step aside and forward and let the play pass you.

Do not back up you may get caught between a ball carrier and a tackler.

When a play has passed you ,or gone around the end, drift with the play, continuing to watch the line play and the linemen as they proceed downfield watching for late block, roughness, etc. after the whistle.

Do not be too anxious to spot the ball( you have two side men to help with that).

Move to hash mark, or to point when a ball is dead to spot for the next play

Take a position for next play-assist Referee re :timing if necessary

Pass Plays The umpire will:

• Watch the 5 interior linemen for illegal use of hands and

for being down field illegally.

• As the pass defenders back up , MOVE FORWARD, to stay close to the play.

• DO NOT CROSS THE LINE OF SCRIMMAGE

• TURN on ALL passes to ASSIST coverage

• Concede the call to the Official who has the view facing the ball (eye

contact)

• Look through to the other Officials to make sure they have seen the play-

they may have seen something you didn’t (i.e. a trapped ball).

• Watch for ineligible Receivers attempting to catch the ball

• After a pass is complete or incomplete, keep Players under observation

•-box the play in.

• Spot the ball for the next down if no measurement is required.

• Do not be over anxious to signal an incomplete pass. Hold the signal until

assured the ball has touched the ground

PASSING PLAYUMPIRE MOVEMENT

U

c

Umpire first step (s) is forward toward L Of S

Don’t cross the L of S

Move with the Line

QBClick for motion

Following the pass turn and provide support for catch or not

37

Pass Plays

Umpire turns on pass plays

Provide support to back officials .Watch if the ball skips or is dropped. Do not worry about Pass Interference –must see the whole play

Note stays near the hash to insure the boxing in of the play

38

Short Yardage Positioning

Five Official CrewWhen it is third down and less than two yards and Team A is going for the first down:

- The Umpire shall position himself outside the tackle on the wide side , and step up into the neutral zone as the ball is snapped.

- The Umpire’s duty is to help the side line officials get the primary spot by boxing in the play and having a good side view of the

forward progress

Short Yardage

The first step should be forward

p

Side line official

The Umpire will position himself behind the tackle on the wide side to keep the ball carrier between the Umpire and the side line official

Click for motion

G

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

C

50

Template - field

HL

BUU What signal should the

BU give the U?

What is the U ‘s duty?

Watch BU and U

(R , HL, and LJ also move)

Click (or press n) to start (to see again touch p and then click or touch n)

Answer the two questions

R

COVERAGE ON KICKOFFS

LJ

HL

LJ

R

COVERAGE ON PUNTS 5 official crew

U

BU What does the Back Umpire pointing at HL (arrow) mean?

What duties do the officials assume

a) HL

b) BUClick (or press n) to start motion

Watch the officials and answer the questions

HL

LJ

R

COVERAGE ON PUNTS 4 official crew

U

1.a) The HL is the free or held official?

b) Where does HL position prior to punt?

c) What does the HL watch for when the receiver gets the ball?

3.a)The LJ is the free or held official?b) When does the LJ leave the LS?c) What does the LJ watch for?

2.a)What side does the Umpire favor?

b) When and where does the U move?

Read and answer questions. Click or press n to see movements

LESSON 5

MEASUREMENTS

Umpire holds the front picket

44

MeasurementsENSURE THE BALL IS NOT MOVEDCONTROL FORWARD STICKCHECK CHAINS AND DOWNS BOX

Measurements

Umpire will get forward picket

Back official holds back picket

45

Change at the End of a Quarter

WHERE, WHAT, WHO

READY TO CHANGE ENDS

CHECK FOR CORRECT BALL PLACEMENT - POSITION

- DOWN- DISTANCE

ON BALL UNTILL REFEREE SIGNAL

Umpire – Penalty Administration

LESSON 6

47

PENALTY APPLICATIONOBTAIN BALL

JOIN THE REFEREE

INFO TO THE REFEREE

BE PREPARED TO ASSIST REFEREE

48

Umpire indicating penalty application

•ENSURE PROPER PENALTY APPLICATION

•CARRY THE BALL – DISTANCE GIVEN BYREFEREE

•AVOID PACING OFF DISTANCE–IF LINES ARE AVAILABLE

•PROCEED TO POINT OF APPLICATION

•APPLY PENALTY YARDAGECHECK DISTANCE WITH THE REFEREE AND HEAD LINESMAN

Administration of Penalties

OBSERVE REFEREE’S SIGNALS BALL READY FOR PLAYASSIST THE REFEREE WITH TIME (Hold/Go)

Points of Application of Penalties

1. Point of Last Scrimmage (PLS)

2. Point Ball Held (PBH)

3. Point of Foul (PF)

4. Point of Possession (PP)

5. Point Ball Dead (PBD)

6. Point of Pass (POP)

7. Point of Kick Off (PKO)

51

APPLICATION OF PENALTIES

10

15

20

25

30

FIVE YARD PENALTY CROSS ONE LINE

POINT OF APPLICATION Note distance to the next field line

POINT OF PLACEMENT Note distance to the next field line

10 YARD PENALTY CROSS TWO LINES

PONT OF APPLICATION

POINT OF PLACEMENT 15 YARD PENALY

CROSS THREE LINES

POINT OF APPLICATION

POINT OF PLACEMENT

Classifying Fouls

(See SUPPORT MATERIAL – Summary of Penalties or RULE BOOK)

1. 5 Yards – Procedural Fouls

2. 10 Yards – Unfair Advantage Fouls

3. 15 Yards – Major Fouls

25 Yards + Disqualification – R.P.

4. Loss of Down

5. Special Circumstances– Illegal interference on loose ball– Unauthorized participation

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BALL CONTROL

COORDINATE WITH REFEREEWET DAY PROCEDURES

TOWEL FOR WET DAYS

54

Ball Retrieval

PROPER POSITIONING KNOWLEDGE

- PLAY ORIGIN

- PLAY COMPLETION

- POINT OF NEXT DOWN

USE OF “SHOVEL PASS”

55

The Referee

Referee introducing crew

56

Referee – ResponsibilitiesLeadership

- BY EXAMPLE

-TEAMWORK-BUILD THE CREW

CONSISTENCY

-POSITIVE ATTITUDE TO:

- PLAYERS

- CAPTAINS

- COACHES

- MINOR OFFICIALS

- GAME OFFICIAL

Pre Game Meeting with Captains

1. Introduction of crew

2. Special conditions, ground rules

3. Coin toss or choice

Pre Game Meeting with Coaches

1. Introduction of Referee and Umpire

2. Problems, special plays

3.Numbering correct

4. Ground rules

5. Positioning after score

6. Obtain captains' numbers

7.Obtain numbers of kicker, holder, punter and other number as necessary

Pre Game Meeting with Timekeeper

1. Clock start and stop.

2. Correction of error

3. Concentrate on timing only (if scorer as well do recording when play not on)

Pre Game Meetingwith Officials

• 1. Coin toss/choice.

• 2. Positioning and responsibilities (encourage each • official to explain ) -don't tell them.

• 3. Major rule infractions

• 4. Game equipment• a) ensure each official has carried out • his duty.• -game balls and tee• -distance chains and downs box• -checked for illegal equipment• -inadequate playing equipment• -special protective equipment such a • casts , taping etc.• -tinted visors( permission forms)•

61

Referee - Responsibilities Development of Rapport

Relationship with Captains

- Courteous

- Brief

- Correct rulings

- Clear options and explanations

- Address as “Captain _____________”

-Treat them as you would like to be treated

62

Referee – Responsibilities Relationship with Coaches

- Courteous

- Address as “ Coach _________”

- Pre game opportunity

- None during game (unless absolutely necessary)

63

Referee – Responsibilities Relationship with Players

- Inform captain of potential problems

-let captain take opportunity to control

his team

-Understanding-Calm

-DO NOT TOLERATE ABUSE FROM PLAYERS,CAPTAINS OR COCHES BUT AVOID “RABBIT EARS”

64

Referee – Responsibilities Development of rapport

- INTELELGENT RULE INFORCEMENT

- DEFINITION OF A FOUL

- ABSOLUTE INTEGRITY

- SOUND HUMAN RELATIONSIP

- WITH OFFICIALS

- WITH PLAYERS

- WITH COACHES

- WITH FANS

Comment boxes labeled RH#

65

Referee – Responsibilities Concern for the Athlete

- PLAYER SAFETY

- SPORTMANSHIP

- CORRECT RULINGS AND PLAYER MOTIVATION

- ANSWER RULES QUESTIONS

- PREVENT NEED FOR DISQUALIFICATION

- DISQUALIFY WHEN NECESSARY

- PROTECT THE PLAYERS

66

Referee – Responsibilities Attitudes and Mannerisms

PRE GAME

BE POSITIVE TOWARD GAME

KNOW TEAMS, COACHES, MANNERISM

BE RESTED AND SHARP

GAME

DO NOT TRY TO ‘OVERSELL YOURSELF’

AVOID MISTAKES SUCH AS :

- OVER ANTICIPATION

- RUSHED SIGNALS

- LAXITY IN RULE ENFORCEMENT

- BEING OUT OF POSITION

- OVER REACTION TO COMPLAINTS

- SHOWING NERVOUSNESS

67

Referee – Responsibilities POST GAME

REVIEW THE GAME WITH OTHER OFFICIALS

REVIEW OWN PERFORMANCE

SET HIGH OBJECTIVES

TRY TO END ON A POSITIVE NOTE

68

Referee – Responsibilities CODE OF ETHICS

RULES’ STUDY AND KNOWLEDGE

ASSIGNMENTS BY COMPETENCY

HONOUR COMMITMENTS

DRESS AND APPEARANCE

CONDUCT AND CHARACTER EXAMPLE

PLAYERS ARE MOST IMPORTANT

BUSINESSLIKE

RESPONSIBILITY OF TEAM WORK

IMPORTANCE OF GAME

SAFETY AND WELFARE OF PLAYERS

FAIR AND UNBIASED DESCISION

BE FIRM,COURTEOUS,POSITIVE,DEIGNIFIED,FRIENDLY,CALM

NO DRINKING PRIOR TO THE GAME

NOPRIVILEDGED INFORMATION TRANSMITTED TO OPPONENTS

69

Referee - Responsibilities GAME MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL

ESTABLISH INFLUENCE

- THE POTENTIAL OF PRESENCE –BE IN POSITION

- REACT IMMEDIATELY TO FOULS-EARLY IN GAME

-THROUGHOUT THE GAME

PREVENTATIVE OFFICIATING

-HELP PLAYERS TO AVOID FOULS

-AVOIDS POTENTIAL PROBLEMS:

-TALK PLAYERS OUT OF IT

-USE CAPTAINS

-CONTROL PLAYER REMARKS TO OPPONENTS

-AWARNESS OF UNSUSAL PLAYS

-CLEAR ,SHARP WHISTLE

IMPARTIALLITY

COOPERATIVE WITH COACHES

PROTECTION OF PLAYER

COUTESY AND RESPECT- 2 WAYS-COACHES ,PLAYERS

How would the Referee talk and act with the player

70

Referee - Responsibilities UTILIZING CAPTAINS

- COMMUNICATIOR WITH OFFICIALS,THROUGH REFEREE

- EXPLANATION

- CHOICE OF OPTION

- REQUEST FOR MEASURE- THE CAPTAIN AFFECTED BY DECISION OF THE REFERE

-REFUSAL WHEN OBVIOUS

-PREVENTIVE OFFICIATING

- ENLIST AID OF CAPTAIN

- PREVENT POTENTIAL

-BUILD STATUS OF CAPTAIN

71

Referee - Responsibilities COMPOSURE UNDER STRESS

CONTEST BECOMES EMOTIONAL

MAY GET OUT OF CONTROL WHEN EMOTIONS HIGH

CONTROL OWN EMOTIONS, SHOW POISE

CONFIDENCE AND CALMNESS

DO NOT TRANSMIT TENSION

SLOW, DELIBERATE ACTION

DECISIVE ACTION, SURENESS

FIRM DECISIONS-NOT BELLIGERENT

STRONG VOICE AND SHARP WHISTLE

DO’S AND DON’TS

72

Referee – Responsibilities SITUATION AWARNESS

AWARE OF:

- WEATHER, FIELD CONDITIONS

- GAME SITUATIONS-ONE SIDED SCORES, PERSONAL PLAYER CONFICTS

- ABUSE OF RULES-SPIRIT AND INTENT, FAKE INJURY

- PLAY SITUATIONS- TIME ,DOWN, YARDAGE

-TEAM TENDENCY- RUN ,PASS

-QUICK REACTION –BASED ON AWARNESS, ANTICIPATION

EXPERIENCE:

-DEVELOPS THE FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS ABOVE

73

Referee – Responsibilities UTILIZING OTHER OFFICIALS

TEAM WORK

COOPERATION

- FAITH IN EACH OTHER

- SENSITIVITY AND SUPPORT

- COVER FOR EACH OTHER

CONDITION AND APPEARANCE

-TOP PHYSICAL SHAPE

-TOP APPEARANCE

-BE SHARP,FEEL SHARP,LOOK SHARP

INTEGRITY- HONEST AND BUSINESSLIKE RELATIONSHIPS

RELIABILITY – ALWAYS HONOUR ASSIGNMENTS

UNIFORMITY – CONSISTENCY BY

- ATTENDENCE AT CLINICS

-PRE-GAME MEETING, AGREEMENT

-NO SECOND GUSESSING OTHER’S CALLS

74

Referee MECHANICS AND POSITIONING

- BE AT THE RIGHT PLACE AT THE RIGHT TIME

- COVER OTHER OFFICIALS AS REQUIRED,BEHIND PLAY

-CHECK ANY ERRORS QUIETLY AND PRIVATELY

-KNOW DOWN AND YARDAGE

-HUSTLE

75

Referee PositioningInitial

referee

76

After counting the Kicking Team

Check if the other Official are ready.

Each official will raises his arm vertically in the air and holds it up until acknowledged by the Referee

The kick off should not take place until both teams have twelve players on the field

76

Kickoff Positioning

Once the Referee signals time in what does he watch for?

KICK OUT OF BOUNDS

1. Where should the Referee position himself when it appears the punt will go out of bounds

2. What signals will the down field official give the Referee?

3. If the ball goes Out of Bounds (OB), in the air, how does the Referee use the side official to locate the point where the ball went OB?

78

REFEREE GENERAL SEQUENCE OF COVERAGE

1. Timing

2. Numbering of Linemen

3. Procedure (split line with the Umpire). Take the right side.

4. Watch for the snap

5 Watch movement of Q.B. (Drawing opponent offside)

5 Protect Q.B. (late hit)

7. Determine if Q.B. is contained

8. Watch for deliberate grounding

79

REFEREE GENERAL SEQUENCE OF COVERAGE

continued

9. Watch for deliberate throwing the ball out of bounds

10. Determine if Q.B. throws a lateral or forward pass

11. Contacting the kicker (has the ball been touched)

12. Follow Q.B. out of bounds (stay with the Q.B.)

NOTE MOST DEMANDING POSITION ON THE FIELD

MUST BE MENTALLY ALERT !!!!!!!!!!!

80

Referee Covering Quarterback

Referee will take his staring position on the throwing arm of the quarter back in order to see the quarter back’s throwing arm

Roll out with quarter back in order to provide protection but also to see the release of ball on an attempted pass.

Rule on pass/or fumble when quarter back contacted by an opponent and the ball is released

81

RefereeContacting the Passer

Should a defensive player have initiated his attempt to block a pass while the ball is still in possession of the Passer, he shall not be penalized for such contact unless, in the opinion of the Referee, it constituted Unnecessary Roughness or Rough Play.

82

Referee PositioningPunt

POSITION AT START –PARALLEL WITH PUNTER

STEP UP WITH PUNTER SO YOU CAN SEE CONTACT WITH KICKING FOOT

BALL KICKED IN AIR TOWARDS OUT OF BOUNDS , MOVE BEHIND KICKER SO YOU CAN FOLLOW FLIGHT PATH OUT OF BOUNDS

POINT TO OFFICIAL LOOKING TO MARK O.B. SPOT AND DIRECT .RAISE ARM WHEN THE OFFICIAL IS AT THE SPOT

83

Contacting the Kicker

Contacting the Kicker while he is in the act of kicking from scrimmage is illegal, unless the contact is slight and incidental.

Penalty -loss 10 yds P.L.S. (7-1)

-if contact is Unnecessary Roughness, 1D and 15 yds (7-3)

84

Blocked Kick

2.What type of call could be made here?

3.When would there be no call?

Team B breaking through and the kick is gone

1. What should the referee do?

Field Goal

Where should the Referee position himself for a field goal:

a) Inside the ten yard line

b) Outside the ten yard line

c) What are the duties of the referee in (a) and (b)

d) Whose duty is it to support the Referee ?

e) What does this support official watch for?

86

Referee – ResponsibilitiesRULES

- KNOW RULES THOROUHGLY

- KNOW RULE INTENT

- RULES INTELLIGENTLY ENFORCE

- FOUL DEFINITION

- JUDGEMENT

- PHILOSPHY

-KNOW CORRECT APPLICATION

- OPTIONS

- POINT OF APPLICATION

- DISTANCE TO APPLY

- DOWN

-CONSISTENCY

- IN CALLING FOULS

- THROUGHOUT THE GAME

87

REFEREE ADMINISTRATIONMEASUREMENTS

REFEREE DECIDES

MAY CONSULT AFFECTED CAPTAIN

AWARNESS OF DISTANCE TO GAIN

CLOSE -SIGNAL TIME OUT

– MAKE CALL – CHECK WITH CAPTAINS

- MAY DECLINE REQUEST, BUT MUST BE OBVIOUS

MEASUREMENTPLEASE

SORRYNO

3 rd

DOWN

88

• IF BALL OUT OF BOUNDS, MEASURE AT O.B. SPOT

• IF BALL DEAD INBOUNDS, MEASURE AT PBD

• IF BALL IS TO BE MOVED TO HASH MARK, MARK SPOT

ON CHAIN FOR PLACEMENT

REFEREE ADMINISTRATIONMEASUREMENTS

Referee holding the ball in place awaiting the stick.

Measure where the ball went dead

89

MeasurementsRole of the Referee

Your this much short

GIVE DECISION, START PLAY WHEN HL IS READY

90

REFEREE –PENALTY OPTIONS

1. Follow the “Kiss” system

2. Remember- Play or Penalty

3. Dual Penalties- clean up other penalties, then apply U.R or R.P. calls.

4. Obvious options- inform the captain (s) rather than ask.

5. Keep game moving

6. If unsure, ask other officials

7. Assist captains rather than demand quick decisions.

8. Umpire should stay close, to act as a “safety “valve.

9. Call both captains together rather than repeat on dual foul situations.

10. On dual penalty situations, offer

option (s) to first non offending team.

91

REFEREE ADMINISTRATIONSIGNALS

1. Be Sure of the information provided to you.

2. Find an open spot on the field ( Position clearly visible to both sides of field).

3. Know the sequence of announcing the infraction.

4. Be comfortable.

5. Display deliberate movement.

6. Do not hurry (your in charge).

7. Do not turn back to check on anything once you have started into your routine

8. Do not over signal

9.Display good composure

10. Develop your own style

PRACTICE YOUR SIGNALS : - CRISP -CLEAR

92

REFEREE ADMINISTRATION CHANGE AT QUARTER TIME

- DOWN AND YARDAGE

- BALL POSITION

- AFTER PLACEMENT

-POSITION

-DOWN

-YARDAGE

- SIGNAL PLAY TO START

93

REFEREE ADMINISTRATION SPECIAL SITUATIONS

HURRY UP OFFENSE

-CO ORDINATE WITH UMPIRE

-CONTROL START OF PLAY

CONTROL OF CLOCK

-STARTING THE CLOCK -STOPPING THE CLOCK

-3 MINUTE PERIOD

-NO AUTHORITY TO CHANGE TIMING REGULATIONS

TIME COUNT

-20 SECOND COUNT - METHOD OF COUNTING

- CONSIDERATION BEFORE STARTING

-

94

REFEREE ADMINISTRATION TIME COUNT

• -20 SECOND COUNT - METHOD OF COUNTING

• CONSIDERATION BEFORE STARTING

• PREVENTIVE OFFICIATING

• Player being sent in with plays –explain to the coach in pre game as to when you will whistle the time count in.

• Will wait for messenger if he is in the process of coming when ball is ready for play

• Will not wait if the messenger is engaged in a conversation with the coach

Messenger player

95

REFEREE ADMINISTRATION HALFTIME

GET BALL

GO DIRECTLY TO DRESSING ROOM

REVIEW FIRST HALF

MAKE ADJUSTMENTS

3 MINUTE WARNING

RECHECK WHISTLE, FLAG, GAME BALL, TEE

CHECK GAME CARD

MEET CAPTAINS

96

REFEREE ADMINISTRATION Post Game

-Conduct a review of key plays or areas of concerns

-Have all members of the crew contribute

-Negative concerns with individual officials should be discussed in private

-Fill in any information on game sheet that the league may require eg: names of officials, disqualifications other concerns visors etc.

97

The Back Umpire

98

PRE GAME DUTIESBACK UMPIRE

- PREGAME MEETING

- CHECK GAME BALLS

- KICKING TEE/GAME TOWELS

-FIELD CHECK

-MARKINGS

-OBSTRUCTIONS

-HAZARDS

-PLAYER’S FOOTWEAR.CASTS ETC.

-REVIEW WITH REFEREE

-PROCEED TO FIELD WITH CREW

99

CORDINATION OF CREWBACK UMPIRE

-KICK OFF –WITH UMPIRE

SIGNAL

COVERING – BALL & RECEIVER

BLOCKING

-PLAYS FROM SCRIMMAGE

EARLY POSITIONING

INDICATE FREE SIDE AND HELD SIDE

- CLEAR AND DECISIVE POSITIONING BY THE B.U. WILL

REMOVE DOUBT FOR THE CREW

100

UMBRELLA CONCEPTBACK UMPIRE

KEYS

-POSITIONING FOR OVERALL VIEW

-AVOID GETTING “TRAPPED”

-BOX IN THE PLAY

PREVENTATIVE OFFICIATING

LOOK - OFF THE BALL

- THROUGH THE PLAY

MAKE PRESCENCE KNOWN

- DURING THE PLAY

- AFTER BALL IS DEAD

101

KICK OFFBACK UMPIRE

-TAKE UP INITIAL POSITION

-CARRY OUT FIELD CHECK(END ZONE, RECEIVERS, PLAYER

COUNT)

- COORDINATE COVERAGE WITH UMPIRE

- SIGNAL REFEREE

-POSITIVE SIGNAL FOR RETURN COVERAGE (BALL CARRIER-

BLOCKING)

-SIGNAL TIME IN

-AWARNESS OF DIFFERENT PLAY SITUATIONS

-MECHANICS OF PENALTY APPLICATION

-POINT OF POSSESSION

-POINT BALL HELD (AT TIME OF FOUL)

102

SCRIMMAGEBACK UMPIRE

A) RUNNING PLAY

-TAKE UP INITIAL POSITION

-NOTE DOWN, NUMBER, DISTANCE TO BE GAINED ,

FIELD POSITION

-SIGNAL FREE AND HELD POSITION TO SIDE OFFICIALS

- PLAYER COUNT

-CHECK AND BE AWARE OF NUMBERS OF PASS RECEIVERS

-CHECK INTERFERENCE

-UMBRELLA COVERAGE

103

SCRIMMAGEBACK UMPIRE

B. PASSING PLAYS

-TAKE UP INITIAL POSITION

-READ PLAY FOR PASS SITUATIONS

-SIGNAL FREE AND HELD SIDE OFFICIALS

-PLAYER COUNT

-CHECK AND BE AWARE OF ELIGIBLE PASS RECEIVERS

-CHECK INTERFERENCE (LEGAL AND ILLEGAL)

- PASS COVERAGE AND SIGNALS

-LOOK THROUGH THE PLAY (UMBRELLA COVERAGE)

104

SCRIMMAGEBACK UMPIRE

C) SHORT YARDAGE

(3RD D : B 2 OR 1 YD LINE , GOAL LINE PLAYS)

-SPECIAL INITIAL POSITIONING

-SIGNAL FREE AND HELD

-COUNT PLAYERS

-ASSIST UMPIRE WITH LINE COVERAGE

-ASSIST WITH PLUNGE PLAYS

-BE PREPARED FOR A PASS

-EXTRA COVERAGE NEAR GOAL LINE (5YARD LINE TO 2

YARD LINE)

-B.U. DESIGNATES GOAL LINE POSITIONING

A) SCORE MADE

B) NO SCORE MADE

C) INFRACTION ON PLAY

105

SCRIMMAGEBACK UMPIRE

D. PUNT AND RETURN KICK

-SPECIAL DOWNFIELD POSITIONING

-BRING FREE (SHORT SIDE OFFICIAL ) DOWNFIELD

-POSITIVE SIGNAL FOR : receiver, restraining zone, interference

-POINT BALL HELD

105

No Yards?

SCRIMMAGEBACK UMPIRE

PUNT AND RETURN KICK

-SWITCHING COVERAGE (GIVE AND TAKE)-PLAY SITUATION AWARENESS-LOOK THROUGH PLAY (UMBRELLACOVERAGE)-SPECIAL DUTIES RETURN KICK-PENALTY APPLICATION MECHANICS-POINT OF POSSESSION

107

FIELD GOAL ATTEMPT BACK UMPIRE

A) OUTSIDE THE 10 YARD LINE

- POSITION IN THE END ZONE WITH FREE OFFICIAL

- COORDINATE COVERAGE WITH FREE OFFICIAL

- WHISTLE AND SIGNAL

- WHEN FIELD GOAL IS NOT GOOD –SPECIAL COVERAGE

-SIGNAL

B) 10 YARD LINE IN

- INITIAL POSITIONING IN “END ZONE”

- COORDINATE FREE AND HELD OFFICIALS

- WHEN FIELD GOAL IS NOT GOOD –”KICK COVERAGE’(BE CONSCIOUS OF

GOAL LINE AND DEAD BALL LINE)

C) CONVERTS

- INITIAL POSITIONING

- COORDINATE FREE AND HELD OFFICIALS

- ASSIST UMPIRE WITH “LINE” PLAY

- BE ALERT FOR 2- POINT ATTEMPTS

108

MEASUREMENTSBACK UMPIRE

-DO NOT MOVE THE BALL IF POSSIBILITY OF MEASUREMENT

-WATCH REFEREE FOR SIGNAL FOR TIME OUT FOR MEASUREMENT

-TAKE CLIP AND CHAIN-ENSURE CHAIN IS PARALLEL TO SIDELINE (COORDINATE WITH UMPIRE)

-PLACE CHAIN ON BACK OF BACK LINE

-IF REQUIRED , TAKE CLIP AND CHAIN TO HASH MARK FOR BALL

PLACEMENT BY THE REFEREE

109

MEASUREMENTSBACK UMPIRE

Back Umpire goes to back line for placement of clip

110

Back UmpirePositioning and Mechanics

POINTS TO REMEMBER

A) BEFORE THE PLAY-KNOW THE “DOWN” AND DISTANCE

-BE PLAY AND SITUATION CONSCIOUS

B. POSITIONING-KNOW YOUR POSITION

-KNOW OTHERS’ POSITION AND RESPONSIBILITIES

-AVOID GETTING TRAPPED. “CAUGHT UP” IN PLAY

-UMBRELLA COVERAGE -BOX THE PLAY IN

-WHEN NOT COVERING THE BALL CARRIER,LOOK OFF THE BALL FOR INFRACTIONS. LOOK THROUGHT THE PLAY FOR OTHER ACTION

BETWEEN PLAYS-ASSIST IN RELAYING THE BALL

-ASSIST IN COMMUNICATION TO THE BENCHES

-TAKE CLIP AND CHANGE ON MEASUREMENTS

Umpire signals down to side officials

111

Team Work Back Umpire

1. WITH SIDE LINE OFFICIALS

A) GENERAL –5 OFFICIAL CREW- TAKE YOUR POSITION

- SIGNAL Held OFFICIAL

- CHECK RESPONSE SIGNAL FROM HL & LJ

B) FORWARD PASS-POSITION

-LOOK THROUGH THE PLAY

-OTHER OFFICIAL MAY BE

SCREENED

- APPROPRIATE ACTION IF HE

IS SCREENED

-CONCEDE CALL TO OFFICIAL

FACING THE RECEIVER

-EYE CONTACT

112

Pass Interference

Once a pass is in the air, neither the receiver nor the defender can interfere with each other’s attempt to catch it

What penalties can be applied to Team B?What penalty is applied to Team A?

113

PASS INTERFERENCE

When either team is guilty of illegal interference on a forward pass.By Team A -- 1,2,3,4,D – L15 DRBy Team B – Behind the L.S. – 1D PLS

Across the L.S.1D at point of Foul, if less than 15 yards from PLS1D plus 15 PLS, if PF is more than 15 from PLS

114

Pass Interference1. Exam the photo ,why is

this a classic example of illegal pass interference?

2. What is the penalty if the interference was caused by Team B is

A) 7 yards across the Line of scrimmage

B) Twenty five yards down field

C) In the Team B end zone with the ball and Team A 2nd and 8 @

i) B 17 yard line

ii) B 23 yard line

D) On a potential team A receiver 5 yards in the A back field

3.What if Team A was charged with illegal pass interference.

What is the penalty for this Team A foul?

115

Team Work Back Umpire WITH SIDE OFFICIAL

C. SCRIMMAGE KICK

-POSITION –5 X 8

- FREE OFFICIAL BACK WITH BACK UMPIRE

-SIGNAL IMMEDIATELY AFTER KICK

-BACK UMPIRE –RECEIVER AND RESTRAINING ZONE RESPONSIBILITY

-BE PREPARED TO SWITCH COVERAGE

D. FIELD GOALS

OUTSIDE THE 10 YARD LINE:

-POSITION; IN END ZONE WITH FREE OFFICIAL

-COORDINATE DUTIES WITH FREE OFFICIAL

-WHISTLE AND SIGNAL

-COVERAGE, IF UNSUCESSFUL

INSIDE THE 10 YARD LINE;

-POSITION; IN END ZONE-CLOSER TO GOAL LINE

-SIGNAL HELD OFFICIAL

-COVERAGE AS FOR SCRIMAMGE KICK

HL

LJ

R

COVERAGE ON PUNTS 5 official crew

U

BU What does the Back Umpire pointing at HL (arrow) mean?

What duties do the officials assume

a) HL

b) BUClick (or press n) to start motion

Watch the officials and answer the questions

117

Team Work Back Umpire

BALL CARRIER COVERAGE

A) GENERAL COVER BALL CARRIER IN YOUR ZONE

ALL PLAYS

WHISTLE PLAY DEAD

SEE THE BALL

B) AFTER THE WHISTLE ALERT FOR DEAD BALL INFRACTIONS OFF THE BALL

ON INFRACTIONS, IF THE FLAG IS BY THE SIDELINE

OFFICIAL,TAKE DEAD BALL SPOT OF THE SIDELINE OFFICIAL TO

ALLOW HIM TO REPORT TO THE REFEREE

What is the official indicating with all his new found officiating friends

118

Team Work Back Umpire

BALL CARRIER COVERAGE

C) IN AND OUT OF BOUNDS ON PLAYS WHICH GO DEAD NEAR THE SIDE LINE OR OUT OF BOUNDS

IF OTHER OFFICIAL HAS THE BALLCARRIER:

CHECK OFF-BALL INFRACTION BEFORE WHISTLE

FOLLOW ACTION OUT OF BOUNDS AFTER WHISTLE

CHECK DEAD BALL INFRACTIONS

DEFUSE AND CONTROL

COMMENTS; “OKAY GUYS,WHISTLE’S GONE’” ETC.

IF YOU HAVE THE BALL CARRIER

WHISTLE PLAY DEAD

SIGNAL TIME OUT IF BALL DEAD OUT OF BOUNDS

MARK THE SPOT

WATCH THE ACTION

119

Team Work Back Umpire

CONTROL OF BALL BOYSUSE THEM OR LOSE THEM

CHANGE BALL EVERY PLAY

POSITION:

SCRIMAMGE PLAYS -+10 FROM LS

SCRIMAMGE KICKS - +10 AHEAD OF RECEIVERS

RETRIEVE OLD BALL

TOWELS:WET WEATHER

BALL TO BACK UMPIRE,UNLESS DEEP PASS PLAY

CONVERT AND FIELD GOALS

BALL HANDLING AND MOVEMENTQUICK RELAY TO NEST LS

SHORT UNDERHAND PASSESS

TRIANGLE FORMATION

120

Team Work Back Umpire

READING KEYS

A. PRIOR TO THE GAME SPECIAL PLAYS,ETC. FROM MEETING WITH COACHES

B. PRIOR TO THE PLAY

BE AWARE OF : TIME

DOWN AND DISTANCE

FIELD POSITION

SCORE

TEAM TENDENCIES

UNUSUAL FORMATIONS

SUBSTITUTIONS

121

Team Work Back Umpire

READING KEYS

C. DURING THE PLAY

KEY ON OFFENSIVE LINE MEN

QUARTRERBACK ACTION

3RD AND SHORT; TEAM A ALIGNMENT

ON KICK OFFS SHORT KICK OFF POSSIBILITY

122

Team Work Back Umpire

TIMING AND CLOCK AWARNESS• KNOW TIMING RULE

• SIGNAL TIME IN ON KICKOFF

• SIGNAL TIME OUT

- BALL OUT OF BOUNDS

- INCOMPLETE PASS

- PENALTY ON THE PLAY, AFTER BALL DEAD

- PLAYER INJURY. AFTER BALL DEAD

- EVERY PLAY AFTER 3 MINUTE WARNING

• IF YOU FACE THE FIELD CLOCK;

- ADVISE REFEREE IF TIME ERRS

- ADVISE REFEREE ON APPROACH OF 3 MINUTE WARNING

• ADVISE TEAM COACHES OF 3 MINUTE WARNING

123

Official’s Signals

• GROUPED INTO RELATED CATEGORIES• 5 YARDS-PROCEDURAL FOULS• 10 YARDS- UNFAIR ADVANTAGE FOULS• 15 YARDS-MAJOR FOULS• 25 YARDS- ROUGH PLAY

-DISQUALIFICATION• POINT OF FOUL • SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES

124

Officials' Signals

• DOWNS

First Second Third

Arms at right angles.

125

•

Touch Down Field Goal Convert

6 points 3 points 1 or 2 points

Safety Touch Rouge

2 points 1 point

SCORES

126

GAME ADMINISTRATION

START CLOCK STOP CLOCK PENALTY DECLINED

INCOMPLETE PASS NO MOUTH GUARD WARNING MEASUREMENT

127

5 YARD FOULSPROCEDURAL FOULS

ILLEGAL PROCEDURE OFFSIDE ILLEGAL EQUIPMENT

Time count prior to 3min No yards (bounce back)

128

10 YARD FOULSUNFAIR ADVANTAGE FOULS

HOLDING ILLEGAL SUBSTITUTION ILLEGAL BLOCK OBJECTIONABLE CONDUCT

TIME COUNT AFTER 3MIN 3RD D BLOCK BELOW THE WAIST CONTACTING THE KICKER

INELLEGIBLE RECEIVER ILLEGAL CONTACT ILLEGAL FORWARD TRIPPING

DOWNFIELD ON A RECEIVER PASS CROSSING ONE FOOT OVER THE

OTHER

129

15 YARD FOULSMAJOR FOULS

UNNECESSARY ILLEGAL PASS BLOCKING FROM UR + SPEARING

ROUGHNESS INTERFERENCE THE REAR

UR + PILING ON UR+ FACE MASK UR + CRACKBACK

130

25 YARD FOULS

DISQUALIFICATION

131

POINT OF FOUL FOULS

PASS INTERFERENCE INTENTIONAL OFFSIDE

LESS THAN 15 YARDS GROUNDING PASS

132

Loss of Down Fouls

Offside Pass

Time Count 1st and 2nd Down last 3 minutes of a half

Intentional Grounding

Team A penalty on own 1 yard line

Applicable penalty signal

133

Special Circumstance Fouls

Illegal interference on a loose ball

Unauthorized participation

Comment boxes labeled RH#

134

No Distance Penalty

No mouth Guard Warning

at one time was one hand behind the head signal removed from rule book

Improper Registration

Player (s) sent off until properly registered with the scorer

Restraining Zone Foul-short kick falling )into a group of players

No signal as play whistled dead no foul has occurred

POSITIONING CHARTS

5 OFFICIAL CREW

Also 3 and 4 official crews

Open support material file

Role of mechanics and positioning reviewed in next two slides

136

Positioning and Mechanics• Mechanics refers to the routine procedure surrounding what the official does.

• The two primary areas of mechanics are signaling and positioning.

• When more than one official is involve “Teamwork” becomes a third areas of mechanics, wherein additional signaling and positioning responsibilities are necessary.

• The mechanics of positioning, signaling and teamwork are all of the essential importance to a professional performance.

• Good positioning, is necessary if you are to see what you are supposed to see.

• Sharp, unhesitating and un-hurried signals are necessary to communicate your decisions and to build the confidence of everyone regarding your officiating ability

• Commonly recognized teamwork procedures are necessary to ensure to the greatest extent that (a) every conceivable action is covered and ruled upon and

(b) disagreement is eliminated or minimized

• When proper mechanics are performed precisely, the game progresses without confusion of unnecessary delay.

• Good mechanics are not too difficult to develop if correct habits are established early in the officiating career.

137

Positioning and Mechanicscontinued

• Difficulty does occur when the new official unsuspectingly forms bad habits.

• Mechanics, good or bad, are habitual actions.

• It is much easier to learn the correct habit first than to unlearn an incorrect habit later.

• Like the playing rules, mechanics have evolved from the efforts of many people over many years and therefore, they should command the respect and acceptance of new officials.

• The first two obligations of a new official are to:

a) learn the playing rules

b) develop correct habit of mechanics

AN OFFICIAL WHO IS IN THE RIGHT PLACE AT THE RIGHT TIME, AT LEAST LOOKS EFFICIENT

138

Goal Line Coverage

What is the official watching ?

139

What’s the CallA B

1. What foul is shown?

2. a) Are both A and B fouls?

b) Explain your answer

140

What’s the call?

Same or different fouls?What is (ARE) THE PENALTY APPLICATIONS?

141

What’s the Call?Offensive player blocking

on a punt return with the ball

a) at the Team A Twenty five yard line

b) In the Team A end zone , with block in the end zone and ball dead in the end zone

c) Same play as (b) , but the the block is at the Team A 10 yard line.

d) Same play as ( c ) but Team A returner gets the ball out to the Team A 2 yard line.

Point of Last Scrimmage(PLS)

The majority of penalties are applied from this point.

The PLS is the point of application used for penalties occurring

Prior to the 1st down distance being gained

Point Ball Held(PBH)

This is the point where the ball is held at the time of the foul

It is the point of application for penalties that occur after distance gained and/or after a change of possession

Point of Foul(PF)

This is the point where the foul occurred

It is the point of application on loose ball fouls affecting the possession

It is the point of application for pass interference less than 15 yards from the line of scrimmage

Point where the Ball is Dead(PBD)

This point is used on dead ball fouls, in some UR and RP situations, and for Objectionable Conduct

Point of Possession(PP)

This is the point where possession is gained

It is the point of application for fouls occurring while the ball is in flight

Point of Pass(POP)

• This is the point from which the pass is thrown and is the point of application for offside passes, and deliberate grounding of a forward pass

Point of Kick Off(PKO)

• This is the point of application for fouls occurring on a kick off, offside on the kick off, kick off out of bounds, etc.