Test 1

READING AND USE OF ENGLISH (1 hour 15 minutes)

Part 1

For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A' B' C or D) best fits each gap'

There is an example at the beginning (0)'

Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet'

Example:

0 A have Bdo C get D take

WhY we need to PlaY

Human beings are not the only creatures that like to (0) ......... fun. Many animals play, as do some birds'

However, no other creatures spend so much time enjoying themselves as human beings do' lndeed' we

(1) ........ onto our sense oÍ Íun right into adulthood'

so why do human beings spend so much time playing? one reason is that we have time for leisure;

animals have very little time to play as most of their life is spent sleeping and (2) """"' Íood'

so, isplay just an opportunity for us to (3) in enjoyable activities or does it have a more important

(4)'''....?Accordingtoscientists,(5)frombeingfun,playhasseveralveryreal(6)'..'.

Íorus_ithelpsourphysical,intellectualandsocialdevelopment.ltalsohelpsto(7).....usfor

whatwehavenotyetexperienced.withvery(8)risk,wecanactoutwhatwewoulddoin

unexpected, or even dangerous, situations'

ABCDr--:f:l0

Reading and IJse of Englìsb

ach gap

b

Dme birds.

tant

.... us for

do in

1 A hold

2 A searching

3 A engage

4 A motive

5 A excluding

6 A assets

7 A plan

8 A brief

B keep

B looking

B ioúbine

B purpose

B except

B profits

B prepare

B short

C save

C seeking

C contribute

C intention

C apart

C services

C practise

C narrow

D stay

D gaining

D involve

D cause

D away

D beneÍits

D provide

D little

Test 1

Parl2

For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only

one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).

Write your answers lN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet.

Example: E

A bicycle you can Íold up

Folding bicycles have (0) around for quite some time now. However, an amazing new

Japanese version (9) ..... be folded with a swiftness and efficiency never seen beÍore. This bike

is designed (10) ......... that it is possible to Íold it up quickly. Once folded, you pullthe bike along

(11) ...... ease.

This remarkable bike has a half-folding Írame with a hinge in ttre miOOte.And, although the basic idea

is (12) original, its inventor has created an especially clever variation, combining compactness

(13) ....... convenience with smart design.

Recently, folding bicycles (14) ...... become very popular in Japan, particularly in congested urban

areas like Tokyo, a city (15) every square centimetre of space is in great demand. Japanese

cyclists need to be able to store their bikes in tiny areas at home or the office. And (16) ......... they

should want to take their bicycle on the underground, a folding model is a big advantage.

B E E N

10

gap. use only

Reading and Use of Englisb

Part 3

For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end oÍ some oÍ thelines to form a word that Íits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).

Write your answers lN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet.

Example: E E x T K E M E L Y

amazrng new

This bike

the bike along

the basic idea

compactness

urban

Japanese

......... they

Tea

Tea is an (0) popular drink with many people. lt is estimated that

the consumption of tea in England alone exceeds 165 million cups daily.

Despite this, the drink was virtually (171 .......... in England until about

400 years ago. The first (18) to tea in England comes in a

diary written in 1660. However, its (19) really took off after the

(20) .......... oÍ King Charles llto Catherine of Braganza.lt was her great

love oÍ tea that made it (21) .

It was believed that tea was good Íor people as it seemed to be capable

of reviving the spirits and curing certain minor (22) . lt has even

been suggested by some historians that it played a significant part in the

lndustrial Revolution. Tea, they say, increased the number of hours that

(23) ......... could work in Íactories as the caffeine in tea made them more

(24) .......... and consequently able to work longer hours.

EXTREME

KNOW

REFER

POPULAR

MARRY

FASHION

ILL

LABOUR

ENERGY

t1

Test 1

Part 4

For questions 25-30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the firstsentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given.You must use between two andfive words, including the word given. Here is an example (0).

0 A very friendly taxi driver drove us into town.

DRIVEN

We.... ........... a very friendly taxi driver.

The gap can be filled by the words'were driven into town byl so you write:

Example: o I WERE DRTVEN TNTOTOWN EY

Write only the missing words lN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet.

29 I

I

t

30Jc

Jr

25 They didn't sell many programmes at the match.

FEW

Very at the match last Saturday.

26 We got to work late because we decided to drive rather than take the train.

INSTEAD

We got to work late because we decided to drive ............ the train.s

27 Last Friday was the first.time my car ever broke down, even though it is very old.

NEVER

Until last Friday, my car ... . down, even though it is very old.

I2

to the first

:n two and

Readìng and IJse of English

28 All your complaints will be investigated by my staff tomorrow,'said the bank manager.

LOOK

The bank manager promised that his staffnext day.

all our complaints the

29 Last year the heavy rain caused the postponement of the tennis tournament.

BECAUSE

Last year the tennis tournament .. .... so heavily.

30 Jack does not want to work for his uncle any longer.

CARRY

John does not want for his uncle.

'13

Test 1

Part 5

you are going to read a magazine article about a Íamous pianist and the young student who

became his pupil. For questions 31-36, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think Íits best

according to the text.

Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.

31 W

AB

cD

32 Br

AB

cD

33WAB

cD

34 Wt

AB

,cD

35 Wt

AB

cD

36 Wt

AB

cD

A musician and his puPilPaut Wiltiams interviews the famous pianist Alfred Brendel.

Over six decades the pianist Alfred Brendelgradually built up and maintained a dominantposition in the world of classicaÌ music. He wasàn intellectual, sometimes austere, figure whoexpÌored and recorded the mainstream Europeanworks Íor the piano. He wrote and played a greatdeaì, but taught very littÌe. Those who knew himbest glimpsed a playfuì side to his character, butthat was seldom on display in his concerts. It wasa disciplined, never-ending cycle of study, traveland performance.

And then, four or five years ago, a young boy,Kit Armstrong, appeared backstage at one ofBrendel's concerts and asked for lessons. Initially,Brendel didn't take the suggestion very seriousÌy.He had had very few pupiÌs and he saw noreason to start now. He quotes from anotherfamous pianist: 'You don't employ a mountainguide to teach a child how to walk.' But there wassomething that struck him about the young boy

- then about 14. He Ìistened to him play. BrendeÌexpìained, 'He played remarkably well and byheart. Tfen he brought me a CD of a Ìittle recitalhe had gfven where he played so beautifuÌly that I

thought to myself, "l have to make time for him'"It was a performance that reaììy led you fromthe first to the last note. It's very rare to findany musician with this kind of overview and thenecessary subtletY.'

As Brendel is bowing out of the public eye, so Kitis nudging his way into it - restrained by Brendel,ever nervous about the young man burning outearly. Kit, now 19, is a restless, impatient presenceaway Írom the lessons - always learning newlanguages; taking himself off to study maths, writingcomputer code or playing tennis. All under thewatchfuì eye of his evertresent mÔther. On top of

alÌ this he composes. 'This was very important,'Brendel says. 'lf you want to learn to read musicproperly it is helped by the fact that you try towrite something yourself. Then I noticed that Kithad a phenomenal memory and that he was aphenomenal sight reader. But more than this is hisability to listen to his own playing, his sensitivity tosound and his ability to ìisten to me when I try toexplain something. He not only usually understandswhat I mean, but he can do it. And when I tell himone thing in a piece, he wiÌl do it everywhere in thepiece where it comes in ìater.'

Brendel catcheshimself and looks at me severely. Iine 5A

'Now I don't want to raise any expectations. I'm verycross if some newspapers try to do this. There wasone article which named him as the future greatpianist of the 21't century, I mean, really, it's theworst thing. One doesn't say that in a newspaper.And it has done a great deal of harm. As usual, withgifted young players, he can play certain thingsamazingly well, while others need more time andexperience. It would be harmful if a critic was thereexpecting the greatest perfection.'

It is touching to see the mellowness of Brendelin his post-performing years. He explains 'When I

was very young, I didn't have the urge to be famousin five years' time, but I had the idea I would ìiketo have done certain things by the age of 50. Andwhen I was 50, I thought that I had done most oÍthose things, but there was still some leeway formore, so I went on. Although I do not have thephysical power to play now, in my head, there arealways things going on, all sorts oÍ pieces that I'venever played. I don't play now but it's a very nicenew career.'

14

Reading and [.Jse of English

31 What is the writer emphasising in the first paragraph?

A the wide range of music that Brendel has playedB the total dedication oÍ Brendel to his artC the reluctance oÍ Brendel to take on pupilsD the light-hearted nature of Brendel's character

Brendel uses the quotation about the mountain guide to illustrate that

A it is not always easy to teach people the basics.B it is unwise to try to teach new skills before people are ready.C people can learn new skills without help Írom others.D it is unnecessary Íor an experl to teach people the basics.

What made Brendel first decide to accept Kit as a pupil?

A He seemed so young and serious.B He was so determined and persistent.C He could play without the music.D He had an extraordinary talent.

Which of Kit's musical abilities does Brendel admire the most?

A He is able to write music himselÍ.B He is able to understand and respond to advice.C He can play a piece oÍ music the first time he sees it.D He is able to remember all the music he has ever played.

Why does the writer use the phrase'catches himself in line 50?

A He realises he has said too much to a journalist.B He doesn't enjoy giving interviews to journalists.

C He wants to be careful he doesn't upset any music critics.D He resents the way that he has often been misquoted.

What is Brendel doing in the Íinal paragraph?

A justiÍying his lack of ambition when he was youngB expressing regret at the loss of his physical strengthC descrlbing his present state oÍ mindD explaining which pieces he prefers to play now'

ng student wholu think Íits best

very important,'to read music

that you try tonoticed that Kitthat he was athan this is his

his sensitivity tome when I try to

understands

32

33

when I tell himb

'rFivnere rn tne

at me severely line 50

ions. ['m verythis. There was

the future greatreaÌly, it's the

rn a newspaper. As usual, withcertain things

more time anda critic was there

of Brendelexplains 'When I

to be famousl'would like

aee oÍ 50. Anddone most of

Ieeway fornot have the

head, there arepieces that l'veit's a very nice

34

35

36

15

Test 1

Part 6

you are going to read a newspaper article about a blind runner. Six sentences have been removed

from the article. Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (37-42). There is one

extra sentence which you do not need to use.

Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.

Blind Runner

Paul Hardy reports on a btind runner called Simon Wheatcroft who enioys

taking part in marathon and ultra-marathon races, running disfancesbetween 42 km and 160 km.

A Thtcon

B The

regi

C Sim

and

solc

dan

D Helbehgoaì

Running marathons, a race of 42 km, has become

increasingly popular. This distance poses extreme

physical and mental challenges for anyone, but for

Simon Wheatcroft there is another hurdle; he has

been blind since he was l8 years old'

For the past two years Simon, now 29, has been

overcoming his disability to compete in marathons

and ultra-marathons by training with runners who

act as his guides, and also, rather uniquely, by

teaching himself to run solo, out on the streets' 'lgot bored exercising indoors, so thought, "l'll have

a go at running outside",' he explains. f 3?T--lThen he got bored again and wanted to try running

on the roadsq;

Weeks of gradual exploration followed, walking a

route alone. f 3S-[--l It took him along little-used pavements alongside a busy main road- He

also recruited technology to help him form his

mental map of the area using a smartphone app,

to provide feedback through headphones about his

pace and distance. This information could then be

cross-referenced with his knowledge of the route

and any obstacles.

Now, having covered hundreds of km alone on

the route, Simon has been able, gradually' tophase out the app. 'When I first started I had to

really concentrate to an unbelievable level toknow where my feet were falling. Now it has

become quite automatea.' f gg-T---l 'l aiamake a few mistakes early on - like running into

16

posts. But you only run into a post Qnce before you

think "Right. I'm going to remember where that is

next time",' he laughs.

Joining Simon for a training session, it's striking how

naturaÌ and fluid his movement is; he takes shorter,

shallower, more gentle steps than most runners,

using his feet to feel his way. His Ìandmarks are

minute changes in gradient and slight variations in

the running surface. f 40-T----]'l have to believe

this route is going to stay consistent, and there

won't be things like roadwork signs or big rocks,'

he says.

f 41--[--l 'l try to concentrate on the millions

of footsteps that go right and think positively,' he

explains. When it comes to racing in ultra-distance

events, Simon has to use guides to run sections of

the course with him; after all, it would be almost

impossible to memorise a 150 km stretch of

countryside by heart. However, the physical and

practical advantages of training in the fresh air,

on his own terms, are vast and have boosted his

confidence in his running ability as well as providing

inspiration to others.

But for Simon the real thrill and motivation for

traininq come from simply being able to compete

on equal terms. f 4r-T----l 'l can't hide the fact

I'm blind,' he says, 'but at the same time I would

rather compete with everybody else and not be put

into a special group. Being visually impaired doesn't

mean you can't run.'

)yst

emoved'e is one

efore you

re that is

ikingàows shorter,

runners,

narks are

riations in

to believe

and there

rig rocks,'

e millionsitively,' he

a-distance

tections of

be almost

Itretch olprsical and

Íresh air.

osted hisproviding

vation forcompete

e the fact

e I wouldnot be put

Reading and Use of English

A These provide the familiarity and E Itgiveshimagreatopportunitytorunwithconsistency essential Íor the blind runner. everyone.

B Their support gave him extra confidence F That's not to say the learning curve has

regarding his changing surroundings. been without incident.

C Simon believes the feelings of liberation G As a result of this slow experimentation, he

and independence he gets from running was able to memorise a set five-kilometresolo far outweigh any anxiety over such course.dangers.

D He began by training on football pitchesbehind his house, running between thegoalposts.

ed doesn't

17

Test 1

PartT

You are going to read an article in which four graduates discuss going to university. For queslions

43-52, choose from the graduates (A-D) The graduates may be chosen more than once.

Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.

Which graduate

says people should be allowed to consider a range of options apartfrom university?

says that some people are expected to make important decisions beÍorethey are ready?

initially rejected something she was told?

was unaware of the alternatives to university?

says that the type of learning at university is different from that atother institutions?

felt when she was a student that she might not be doing the right course?

says that some people discover that what is studíed at university is notuseful in the workplace?

rn

was uncertain about her reasons for going to university?

says graduates have an advantage when applying Íor jobs?

was expected to go to university despite being a Íairly average studentat school?

tr{_l[-;l--lF{-lF{---]t-,tl--_]

[";l---]Fi---]Fl--lFT--lF{---]

IAI

whilwoulablebeccme: i

releror h<

referupasolvitheuniv,thintmor(frienprov

IB1

IwrCaferclasrI dicopti(howgon€degrwayslikeby lioperintodebarevoman'weecertrofter

1B

y. For questions

n once.

Fr-lF;l--_]

Filffihil---l

F

While I was doing my physics degree peopìewould often say I was acquiring skilÌs I'd beabìe to use in my future career, even if I didn'tbecome a physicist. It sounded like nonsense tome: if I did another job in the end, what could berelevant about knowing what's inside an atomor how to operate a laser? It turns out they werereferring to the wealth of other skills you pickup along the way. Communication and problem-solving are just two of these. In contrast tothe way you may have been taught before,university teaches you to be innovative and tothink for yourself. Going to university is aboutmore than just studying though! I got to makefriends from all over the world and they haveproved to be useful work contacts.

I went to university because it was thecareer path expected by school, parents andclassmates (to an extent) and also becauseI didn't really have a clue about what otheroptions were open to me. it's difficult to knowhow things would have turned out if I hadn'tgone. I do know that the job I do 'requires' adegree to do it, though there must be alternativeways of deveìoping these skills. The degree,like it or not, is the screening method usedby large numbers of employers and as suchopens certain doors. It's certainly harder to getinto all sorts of careers without a degree. Thedebates about university education typicallyrevolve around routes into employment, yet formany the degree is barely relevant to the workwe end up doing later on. It gives access to acertain type of career but the actual degree canoften be. of little practical value.

Reading and IJse of English

There is a lot of pressure on teenagers to knowexactly what they want to do with their Ìives.As a high-achieving student at school, thealternatives to university didn't really appeal tome. So I took up a place at a good university butended up studying something I wasn't sure I wasinterested in. Some people know what they wantto do from a young age, and for those people,going to university straight out of school maybe a great idea. However, many of us are veryunsure of our future ambitions aged 18, andshould therefore be given as many choices aspossible, rather than being pushed into a degreecourse. Many of my friends went to universitystraight from school.

I don't really remember making the decision togo to university. Everyone always assumed IwouÌd, even though I was never the most giftedacademically. Someone asked me during mysecond year why I had gone, and I remembernot being able to answer the question. Maybeit was the way I was raised? Maybe it was theschool I went to? But university was the nextstep. I had a great time there, I must say. It'sso much more than the place you go to geta degree. You learn so many life skills thatI would urge anyone to give the idea somethought. Since graduation I've had a string ofjobs. University is an excellent decision forsome, and may provide the right quaÌificationsto start a career. But for others, going str.aightinto a job is just as appropriate.

Why go to university?Four graduates talk about their experiences.

A

19

Test 1

WRITING (1 hour 20 minutes)

Part 1

you must answer this question. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style on the

separate answer sheet.

ln your English class you have been talking abouÌ life in the past. Now, your English teacher

has asked you to write an essay.

Write an essay using all the notes and give reasons for your point of view'

WriÌe an

appropritthe answ

Wrii

You

You

4 íÉ sC {d {q íc i{ 4; {5 6d 6{ c4 !l Cd dc !C ad c'{ ic

; Ë * Ë'À; ü'4d'ú,id sd ci bu tàd bal dd éd w & dd

'Life is better today than it was 100 years ago.'Do you agree?

Notes

Write about:

1. health

2. enterÌainmenÌ

3. ...(your own idea)

Write your essay. You must use grammatically correct sentences with accurate spelling and

punctuation in a style appropriate for the situation.

W(jus

Wr

Th

Wri

Yor,

hav

ln)a

a

a

Wr

Ha,

rev

lear

Thr

z0

on the

her

'Writing

Parl2

Write an answer to one oÍ the questions 2-4 in this part. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an

appropriate style on the separate answer sheet. PuÌ the question number in the box at the top oÍ

the answer sheet.

2 You recently saw this notice on an English-language websiÌe called TV Gold:

Reviews wanted!ATV documentary I learnt a Iot from.

Have you seen an interestingTV documentary recently that you learnt a lot from?Write us a

review of the documentary.You should explain what the documentary was about, tell us what you

learnt from it and say whether other people would find it interesting too.

The best reviews will be posted on the website next month.

Write your review.

You see this announcement on an English-language travel website.

Write your article.

Your English teacher has asked you to write a report on a part-time or holiday job that you

have done. The report will appear in the college English-language magazine.

ln your report, you should

. describe the job

. explain what you learnt from it

. sâv whether you woüld recommend other students to do it'

Write your report.

ARTICTES WAI{TED

A day in thc citï!We are looking for articles about how a visitor could have a great time in a city in your country injust one day.

Write us an article telling us what a visitor can do, what they can see and how they can travel around.

The best articles will be posted on our website.

rg and

21

LISTENING (approximately 40 minutes)

Part 1

You will hear people talking in eight different situations. For questions 1-8, choose the best answer(A, B or C).

5 Yot

WI

A

B

c

You hear a woman talking on her mobile phone about a missing piece of furniture.How does she feel?

A irritated with the removals company

B unsure what's happened

C anxious to find it quickly

You hear two students talkÍng about their current course topic. \

What do they agree about?

A how boring it is

B how difficult it is

C how relevant it is

You hear two business people talking about a contract.How does the man feel now?

A frustrated because of the time wasted

B;;surprised about the cancellation of the contract

C sympathetic towards the other company's problems

You hear an artist telling a friend about an art prize he's just won.What is he doing?

A expressing surprise

B admitting that he's excited

C explaining why he thinks.he was chosen

Yor

wt"

A

B

c

Yor

Wh

A

B

c

Yor.,

Wh

A

B

c

22

Listening

;e the best answer

titure"

5 You overhear a women talking to a friend on her mobile phone.

Why is she phoning?

A to explain a delay

B to change some plans

C to make an arrangement

You hear a guitarist talking about his profession.What is the purpose of his talk?

A to warn about the challenges of becoming a musician

B to give step-by-step guidance on setting up a band

C to emphasise the importance of having loyal fans

You hear a woman talking to a sales assistant.Why can't she have a reÍund for her trainers?

A The receipt is wrong.

B She is not in the right shop.

C The trainers are no longer new.

You hear a woman talking about a radio chat show.What does she like about the show?

A The presenÌer makes her laugh.

B lnÍormation is given in an interesting way.

C Guests reveal quite a lot about themselves.

L.'t

Test 1

Parl2

You will hear a photographer called lan Gerrard talking about his career. For questions 9-1g,complete the sentences with a word or short phrase.

lan Gerrard - photographer

Thesubjectthatlanstudiedatuniversity*".

lan did a presentation on as part of his final year.

lan worked for a in the USA Íor a year after leaving

university.

When he travelled around the USA, lan chose as the

theme for his phgtographs._tãn says that |

-fr;l

is the season when he rakes the, lre

best photographs'.

When lan came back to Britain, he travelled around by

taking photographs.

ìàn says he was surprised by how Íew photographers speciarise in shots oÍ

communities.

Ian's book will be available in bookshops in next year.

The title of lan's book is',7

lan has chosen

G

H

ï0

11

t2

14

15

16

18

24

as the theme for his next tour

-T;tt1

is final year.

lr after leaving

r questions 9-18,

university.

as the

hisrphotographs.

takes the

best photographs.

photographs

next year.

Listening

Part 3

You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking about the benefits of learning anotherlanguage. For questions 19-23, choose which benefit (A-H) each speaker has experienced. Usethe letters only once. There are three extra letters which you do not need to use.

A lt has boosted my intellectual abilities

It has improved my chances in education.

Speaker 1

C lt has made me sensitive to global issues.

Speaker 2

D lt has allowed me to gain faster promotion.

Speaker 3

It has made geüing around in other countries easier.

Speaker 4

F lt has allowed me to help other people.

Speaker 5

G lt has advanced my awareness of the way language works.

H lt has helped me make Íriends.

[l-,;-l

[l'-'-][1"-lll,,lIFf

next tour.

25

Test L

Part 4

You will hear an interview with a woman called Patricia Jones, who is a naturalist. For questions24-30, choose the best answer (A, B or C)..

24 Looking back at her work, patricia feels

A surprised that her projects still attract volunteers.

B proud of the wide influence she,s had.

C pleased by how she's regarded in Africa.

25 How does Patricia spend her time nowadays?

A persuading people to alter their behaviour

B advising governments on conservation

C studying wildlife in its natural habitat

How does Patricia Íeel about zoos?

A They all ought to be closed down.

B They should have an educational purpose.

C They still have a role to play in conservation.

ln her new book, Patricia hopes to give

A encouragement to young scientists.

B advice on helping endangered animals.

C guidance to other environmentalists.

28 Patricia believes that children should spend time in the natural world bbcause

A it is the only way to find out about it.

B it is essential for their development.

C it is a chance to change their view of animals.

29 The or

Abe

B acl

C tall

30 What c

A tol

B toç

C toc

26

27

26

Listening

l. For questions

29 The organisation called lnTouch encourages young people to

A be tolerant oÍ each other.

B actively work for change.

C talk about their problems.

30 What does Patricia particularly want to do next?

A to help girls who want to be scientists

B to get scientists to be more responsible

C to change people's attitudes to science

27

'red to here asi the other will

asked about

lnse from the

minute. Thelner responds

; about theserr partner's

te a problem orcide the besto heip you but

;ion of what yoush.

Test 2

READING AND usE oF ENGL|SH (1 hour 15 minutes)

For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, c or D) best fits each gap.There is an example at the beginning (0).

Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.

A

A

Example:

0 Apredictabte Bsteady C respectable D main

A

A

Home and abroad

After q short time living in a foreign country, I noticed conversations with locals assumed a (o) . .

pattern' There were standard answers to the usual questions. Most questions caused litile (1)

-itwasratherlikedancing,wherebothpartnersknowhowtoavoid (2).........oneachother,stoes.

But,'when are you going home?'was a question r(3) ...... to answer, whenever r(4) .. .... my rifeand the direction it seemed to be (5) . ln the last ten years, I had lived in a dozen countries.And I had travelled through dozens more; usually in (6) of a purpose or a person;occasionallyto see the attractions_

This kind oÍ travel is not (7) wandering, but is the extensive exploration oÍ a wide (g) ......... ofcultures' However, it doesn't allow you to put down roots. At the back oÍ your mind, though, is theidea oÍ home, the place you came Írom.

ABCDr E: Í:- El

0

30

D) best Íits each gap.

assumed a (0) .... .

aused little (1) ...

on each other's toes.

uer l(4) my tife

in a dozen countries.

person, occasionallyi

t a wide. (8) ......... of

mind, though, is the

1 A puzzle

2 A touching

3 A worked

4 A considered

5 A making

6 A look

7 A aimless

I A difference

B lrouble

B moving

B competed

B thought

B finding

B search

B unreasonable

B arrangement

C obstacle

C walking

C stretched

C reÍlected

C seeking

C sight

C unreliable

C variety

Readìng and IJse of English

D barrier

D stepping

D struggled

D believed

D taking

D inquiry

D indeÍinite

D order

31

Test 2

Part 2

For questions 9-16' read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use onlyone word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).

write your answers rN cAprrAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet.

Example: E

An lrish cookery school

ln the last Íew years, a number of cookery schools have been set (0) in lreland to promotelrish cooking (g)......... such schoot is run by Kathleen Doyte not (10)......... Írom the centreof Dublin.

'l opened the school twelve years ago,'says Kathreen.'The schoor was by no means an overnight"u"cbss;

lfound (11) """' necessary to work hard to buird upa reputation. one oÍ my advantageswas that l,d had problems with my own cooking. l,ve made (12) ....... mistake that it,s possible tomake, but (13) of this, r know what peopre do wrong from first-hand experÌence.,

Just (14) most cookery schools in lreland, Kathleen initially copied the classical dishes oÍFrance and ltaly and other countries (15) ....'.'.. have a reputation for exceilent food.,Now though,thirÌ$s are changing,'says Kathreen.,we get excerent produce from rrish Íarms and, (16) .. ...^.. aresult, we're encouraging students to create unique lrish dishes.,

For c

lines

Write

Exan

Elite (

runnir

(17) .

move

per hc

For ye

speed

(1e) .

and th

ls our i

twenty

as the

predicl

genes

faster r

32

ach gap. Use only

Reading and Use of English

Part 3

For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of thelines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).

Write your answers lN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet.

Example: E c o M P E T I T o R I

'eland to p;omote

. Írom the centre

ans an overnight

rf my advantages

at it's possible to

ìce.'

rssical dishes of

il.'Now though,

rd, (16) ....... a

Running speed

Elite (0) like the Jamaican Usain Bolt have regularly been clocked

running at nearly 45 kilometres per hour. Such speed would have seemed

(17) ........ not so long ago. Scientists now suggest that humans can

move (18)

per hour.

For years, it was assumed that simple muscle power determined human

speed, but recent research suggests otherwise. The most important

(19) .. ..... Íactor appears to be how quickly the muscles can contract

and thus (20) ....... . the time a runner's foot is in contact with the ground.

ls our athletic ability inherited? Researcher Alun Williams has (21)

twenty-three inherited factors that influence sporting performance, such

as the (22) use oÍ oxygen, and strength. As world population rises,

predicts Williams, the (23) oÍ there being someone with the right

genes for these twenty-three (241 .... . ..... will increase noticeably and thus

faster runners are likely to emerge in future.

COMPETE

BELIEVE

CONSIDER

LIMIT

MINIMUM

IDENTITY

EFFICIENCY

POSSIBLE

CHARACTER

33

Parl4

For questions 25-30, complete the second sentence so ihat it has a similar meaning to the firstsentence, using the word given. Do npt change the word given. you must use between two andfive words, including the word given. Here is an example (0).

Example:

0 A very friendly taxi driver drove us into town.

DRIVEN

We. .............. a very friendly taxi driver.

The gap can be filled by the words'were driven into town byl so you write:

Example:

write only the missing words lN OAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet.

28 lce

Bl(

Tht

29 Thr

AV

Th,

30 lw

PF

Th

25 Robert had never been to Turkey on business before.

ÉRST

It ... . Robert had ever been to Turkey on business.

26 lt was impossible Íor me to know which road to follow.

NOT

L.... . known which road to follow.ji

27 So far thrs year the cost of petrol has not increased.

INCREASE

So Íar this year there ........ .. .......... in the cost of petrol.

34

meantng to the first;e between two and

sheet

Reading and Use of English

28 I cannot get all my clothes in the suitcase.

BIG

The suitcase . . take all mY clothes

29 The waiter carried the tray very careÍully so that he wouldn't spill any of the drinks.

AVOID

The waiter carried the tray very carefully so any of the drinks.

30 I wasn't able to get to the airport on time because of the bad weather.

PREVENTED

The bad weather to the airport on time.

3.5

Test 2

Part 5

You are going to read an article about an island off the west coast of Scotland. For questions 31-36,choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which yôu think fits best according to the text.

Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.

The IsIe of MuckJim Richardson vislÍs the Scottish island of Muck

31 WhY dot

A toeB tosC toeD toc

32 Accordi

A itnB itis

C ititD itt"

What i

APeBPeCPeDPt

What

AHBHbHDF

35 What

AtìBtctDí

36 Fron

ABcD

Lawrence MacEwen crouches down on hisScottish island, the Isle of Muck. And so do I. AnAtlantic gale threatens to lift and bìow us bothout like October leaves, over the steep cliff at ourfeet and across the bay l20m below, droppingus in the surrounding ocean. Then MacEwen'ssheepdog, Tie, creeps up and his blond, beardedowner strokes him with gentle hands. The howlingwind, rage as it might, can't make this manuncomfortabÌe here, on his island, where he looks- and is - perfectly at home.

MacEwpn is giving me a visual tour of hisneighbourhood. Nodding to the north, he yells,'That island is Eigg. The one to the west of it isthe Isle of Rum. It gets twice as much rain aswe do.' I watch heary cìouds dump rain on itshuge mountains. 'Just beyond Rum is the island ofSoay.' 'l have sheep to move,' MacEwen abruptlyannounces when rain drifts towards us. We startdown the slopes. As we stride along, he brings meup to speed on island details: Volcanic Muck is 3 kmlong and half as wide; its geese eat vast amounts ofgrass; and the MacEwens have been living here for3,000 years.

Herding the sheep interrupts the flow ofinformation. Tie, the sheepdog, is circling a flockof sheep - and not doing it well. 'Away to me, Tie.Away to me,' meaning the dog should circle to theright. He doesn't; he goes straight up the middle ofthe flock, creating confusion. 'Tie.'MacEwen's voicedrips disappointment. 'That will never do.'The doglooks ashamed.

The Isle of Muck is largely a MacEwen enterprise.Lawrence runs the farm with his wife, Jenny; sonColin, newly married, manages the island cottages;and daughter Mary runs the island hotel, Port Mor,with her husband, Toby. Mary and Toby love thefact that their two boys can wander the island ontheir own and sail dinghies on summer days. 'They

go out of the door and come back only when they'rehungry.' But island life has its compromises. Forone, electricity is only available part of the time.My first evening, I wait anxiously Íor the lights toturn on. The next morning I find Mary setting outbreakfast by torchlight. But I cope with it - alongwith no mobile phone service. 'There is mobiìereception on the hill,' Mary tells me. 'Most visitorstry for a couple of days, then just put the phone inthe drawer.'So I do too.

Everything on Muck seems delightfuÌlyimprobable. The boat today brings over thepost - and three musicians, who hop off carryinginstruments. Their concert in the island's tearoomproves a smash hit, with the islanders presenttapping their boots in time to the music. Thatnight, sitting by a glowing fire as it rains outside,Lawrence MacEwen tells me how he met his wife,Jenny. 'Her father saw a small farm on the isle ofSoay advertised in the newspaper, and boughtit without even looking at it. He'd never been toScotland. Jenny was sent to manage it.' Did Jennyknow anlthing about running a farm? 'She had goodtyping skills.'

I go to bed with rain and awake to more rain. ButI eat well, virtually every bit of food coming fromthe tiny island. Mary sends me down to fishermanSandy Mathers for fresh fish. I carry it back throughthe village and deliver it to Mary at the kitchendoor. By 7 pm, our fish is on the table, deliciousbeyond reckoning. Also beyond reckoning: my ferryride the following morning to my next island. Overthe preceding two months, many of the scheduledferries had been cancelled because of high seas. IImy ferry didn't come, I'd be stuck on Muck for twomore days. Which, now, phone or no phone, waswhat I secretly longed Íor.

33

34

36

:or questions g1-36,t.

31

32

Reading and Use of English

Why does the writer describe MacEwen stroking his dog?

A to emphasise how bad MacEwen thought the weather was that day

B to show the dog was as frightened by the storm as MacEwan was

C to explain why MacEwen had risked going to the dangerous cliffsD to demonstrate how relaxed MacEwen was despite the bad weather

According to the writer, the sheepdog's behaviour suggests that

A it never obeys MacEwen.B it is afraid of MacEwen.C it is aware it should have done better.

D it usually responds to loud commands.

33 What is suggested about island life in the fourth paragraph?

A People living Ìhere would like more visitors to help the economy.B People come to the island in search of employment. i

C People are too busy to do all the things they'd like to.

D People don't mind putting up with some inconveniences.

34 What attitude is expressed by the writer in the Íifth paragraph?

A He is amused that people on the island share their feelings so openly.

B He likes the way so many surprising things can happen on the island.

C He approves oÍ the way the islanders all socialise together.D He finds it strange that island Íarms are advertised in national newspapers.

35 What does'Which;refer to in line 75?

A the writer's ferry rideB the next islandC having to stay on the islandD a mobile phone

36 From the text as a whole, we find out the island of Muck

A is a safe place Íor children to live.

B has the highest level of rainfall in the area.

C has an economy based solely on sheep.D is dependent on the outside world Íor its food.

tck only when they'rels compromises. Forble part of the time.usly for the lights toind Mary sêtting outcope with it - along:e. 'There is mobiÌells me. 'Most visitorsust put the phone in

seems delightfullyy br,lngs over the'ho hop off carryinglhe isÌand's tearoome islanders presentto the music. Thatas it rains outside,

ow he met his wife,farnr on the isle of

Faper, and bouqhtHe'd never been toflnage it.' Did Jennvlarml'She had gooá

fre to more rain. ButIfood coming fromldown to fishermanfrry it back throughlary at the kitchenlhe table, deÌiciousieckoning: my ferryf next island. Overfu of the scheduledfrse of hieh seas. lfik on Muck for two

for no phone. was line 75

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

II

37

Test 2

Part 6

You are going to read a newspaper article about the Hollywood sign in the united states of America.six sentences have been removed fqom the article. choose trom ìrre sentences A-H the one whichfits each gap (32-42). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.

Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.

The sign on a hillresponsible for

At the top of a hill calÌed Mount Lee in Los Angeleson the west coast of the USA is a very famous sign,recognisable to people around the worÌd. My job isto look after this sign. Ìt says Hollywood a.rã thut,sof course the pÌace where films have been made forover a hundred years. The first film was made therein 1907and by 1g12,at ìeast 15 independent studioscouìd be found making fiìms around town.

The film industry continued to grow and the nameHollyruood, which by the 1920s represented not justa city but aÌso an industry and a lifestyle, was madeoffiç.ial when the ,HoÌlywoodland,sign

was erectedin P23. It was only supposed to last about a year.I 37 I lBut it wasn't always. It started out as amassive billboard advertising an upscale suburbandevelopment called Hollywoodland.

In the 1940s, TV started to become popular andsome HoÌlywood film studios closed, but then .IVcompanies moved in and took them over. At thispoint, the city of Los Angeles decided to renovatethe sign. The letters spelling ,land, were removedand the rest was repaired. Modern HoÌlylvood wasborn. The letters in ihe sign weren,t straisht andstill aren'1. l- 38 -n They foilow *"ìi"0"

",Mount Lee and this is part of their fame.

I drrr responstDte lor maintaining and protectingthe sign. t g, I-_-l When I first arrived in 1989,security was pretty low_tech _ we put up a fencearound the sign to stop trespassers messing with it.But people just jumped over the fence. The"back ofthe sign was black with graffiti _ there was barbedwire across it, but they still got through. So I decidedto improve the effectiveness of the security.

Now we have motion_detectors and cameras.Everything goes via the internet to a dedicatedsurveillancê team watching various str.ucturesaround th.e city. t 4o-f-- But they ."; ;;-;closer look on one of my regular tours.

It's also important to protect the sign,s image as it,sused in loads of adverts and news pieces.lhere,sa simpìe rule about how the sign can be used.f 41-n However, it mostly comes down tothe look. To take a diÍferent example, if you used'HolÌywood' in the name of your .ornpu.ry it woulddepend what the word looked Ìike, whether it wasjust spelled out or whether the image of the signitself was used.

People caÌl up with the most ridiculous ideas. Theywant to light the sign, paint it pink, or cover it insomething to promote their product. you,ll get arealÌy enthusiastic marketing executive cati ,p,terribly excited because they think they,re the firstperson to think of rhis or rhat idea. [-4f]That's because we don't lik" to chan!ãìËGugeand we hope it will have the same significance forgenerations to come.

38

Reading and Use of English

rited States oÍ America.;es A-H the one whichI use.

Ltaining and protectingn I first arrived in 19g9,:h * we put up a fencepassers messing with it.r the fence. The back offfiti - there was barbedot through. So I decideds of the security.

.ecto;s and cameras.ternet to a dedicatedrg various structuresI eut tf,"y can get aiular tours.

the sign's image as it'sI news pieces. There'she sign can be used.ostly comes down toexample, if you used

our company it wouldrd like, whether it wasthe image of the sign

:idiculous ideas. Theyit pink, or cover it inproduct. You'll get arg executive caÌÌ up,think they're the firstat idea. t-4ã-f--lto change the imagesame significance for

E

F

G

A Even so, people still try to climb over thebarrier, mostly innocent tourists surprisedthat you can't walk right up to the sign.

They mostly get turned down.

IÍ one of them ever fell down I wouìd have

to put it back up at exactly the same angle.

We used to have real problems.

Things have changed a lot since then.

It's stili there, of course, and is a symbol of

the entertainment world.

If the purpose is commercial - to promotesomething - payment has to be made.

B

c

39

Test 2

PartT

You are going to read an article in which four athletes talk about what they eat. For questrons 49-52,choose from the athletes (A-D).The athletes may be chosen more than once.

Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.

Which athtete

enjoys cooking but finds the planning difficult?

has to carry food with him when training?

doesn't find it easy to eat beÍore an event?

uses cooking as a way to relax?

sometimes allows himself certain Íood as a reward?

has seefi a change in the diet of sports peopte?

once made the wrong decision about the food he ate?

says that people are unaware of what he actually eats?

says knowing what and when to eat is critical?

has had to change his diet with a change oÍ sport?

tãl--lt;l--li--'niã[--lFl--]Ft--lFt--ll-i-lF{--lF,_-i--l

When I'mwith banarrides I'll eheavier trzenough enon energynutrition s

on the im1more weilused to donow. Proteas Ìean asyears so tthat's notmeal fromthe mealssimple thirsauces anc

Everyone r

a really sAre you anot the camy shoppichocolate iat home. (

get so ner\myself to ì

energy to I

days wherrYou think:to have a 1

every now,I'd be rollin

40

Readìng and Use of E,nglìsh

For questions 4g-52,I

tãl-lf-"-l--ltr[-l[-f---lrT--lFt--lmlFl--lFil-l['f--l

For a gymnast, a kilo can make all the difference.But if you don't eat enough you'll be a bitshaky and weak. It's aÌÌ about eating the rightamount, at the right time - two hours beforeyou do anlthing. Breakfast is fruit and if I'm a bitpeckish, wholewheat toast and butter! I get totraining for 12 pm, then break after three hoursfor lunch - more fruit, a cheese and tomatosandwich. I'm back in the gym from 5 pm to 8 pm,then I go to my Mum's for steak and vegetablesor chicken and salad. I don't tend to mix carbswith meat ìate at night. I'm not the best cook, butI think it's fun to do. I know how to make chickenfrom my mum's recipe, it just takes me a bitlonger to get organised.

It's definitely possibÌe to eat delicious food andbe a proÍessional swimmer. I've always lovedfood so I'm not going to be obsessive becauseyou can get what you need and still enjoyevery bite. I'm not really one for endless proteinshakes and energy drinks. Before a trainingsession I'd rather have a banana. That's not tosay I'm perfect. At the world champion'ships Ìgot my feeding strategy wrong - and I paid for it.For my sport it's what you eat two days beforethe competition that makes the difference. Youhave to 'carb load' - eat piles of rice or pasta -and I didn't. I was leading for a long way but Iended up 1lth. My biggest indulgence is pastry.And Ì love baking. I train for 33 hours a week soin my time off I need to rest, and spending timein the kitchen is perfect. Swimming is my biggestpassion but baking comes a close second.

Sports dietsFour athletes talk about what they eat.

When I'm cycling on my own I stuff my pocketswith bananas and protein bars. On the longestrides I'll eat something every half an hour. Forheavier training it's physically impossible to getenough energy from food alone, so you do relyon energy drinks. One development in sportsnutrition since I've been competing is the focuson the importance of protein. Cycling is muchmore weight-orientated than the swimming Iused to do, which means I need to eat differentlynow. Protein feeds the muscles but keeps themas lean as possible. I've been an athlete for 20years so healthy eating is normal for me, butthat's not to say I don't get a tasty take-awaymeal from time to time. I've just learned to spotthe meals that will provide what I need. It'ssimple things Ìike steering cìear of the creamysauces and making sure I get lots of veg.

Everyone says: 'As a runner you must be ona realìy strict diet. Do you onìy eat salad?Are you aìlowed chocoÌate?' But that's realìynot the case. I've got salad and vegetables inmy shopping trolley but there's aÌways somechocolate in there, too. I do most of the cookingat home. On the morning of a competition, Iget so nervous I feel really sick. I have to forcemyself to have something so I'll have enoughenergy to perform well. Sometimes I get thosedays where I don't want to be so discipÌined.You think: 'l've trained really hard, I deserveto have a pizza.' It's OK to have a little relapseevery now and then but I can't do it every day orI'd be rolling round the track!

c

47

Test 2

WRITING (1 hour 20 minutes)

Part 1

You must answer this question. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style on theseparate answer sheet.

1 ln your English class you have been talking about relationships. Now, your English teacher hasasked you to write an essay.

write an essay using all the notes and give reasons for your point of view.

Which is more important - friends or Íamily?

Notes

1. who you can enjoy yourselÍ with

2. who will help you when you have problems

3. ...(yourown idea)

Writeappr0the ar

write your essay. You musr use grammatically correct sentences withpunctuation in a style appropriate for the situation.

42

accurate spelling and

'Writing

Parl2

Write an answer to one of the questions 2-4 in this part. Write your answer in 140-190 words in anappropriate style on the separate answer sheet. Put the question number in the box at the top oÍthe answer sheet.

appropriate style on the

your English teacher has

2 You recently saw this notice on an English-language website called Book World.

Reviews wanted!The best thriller I have ever read!

Have you read a thriller recently that you think other readers would enjoylWrite us a review of the book. You should include information on:

. what it's about

. why it's exciting

. who you would recommend it to.

The best reviews will be posted on the website next month.

Write your review.

You see this announcement on an English-language website.

Write your article.

ARTICLES WAT{TED

Thc most intcresting weckend of my liÍcWrite us an article about the most interesting weekend of your life. Explain what happened.andwhere, and why it was so interesting.

The best articles will be posted on our website.

4 You have received this emailfrom your English-speaking Íriend, Kim.

It's really kind of you to let me stay at your flat while you're on holiday. Please could you let md knowhow to get the keys? And could you also tell me anything else I need to know about the flat andwhether there's anywhere near that I can buy food?

Thanks, Kirn

accurate spelling and

Write your email.

43

Test 2

LISTENING (approximately 40 minutes)

You will hear people talking in eight different situations. For questions 1-8, choose the best answer

(A, B or C).

You hear a man talking about how his business became successful.

Where did his additionalfunding come from?

A the local bank

B a family Íriend

C his own savings

You hear a woman talking about a journey.

How did she travel?

A by boat

B by train

C by coach

You overhear a man talking to his wiÍe on the phone.

What is he talking about?

{,, buying a car

B booking a holiday

C moving abroad

You hear two students talking about their course.

What does the woman think about the course?

A lt is quite difficult.

B lt is worth doing.

C lt is becoming more interesting.

You he

What it

A exP

B apt

C det

You he

What i

A ar

B alCa(

You o'

What

ATT

BTIcrl

You h

How,

ASIBSCS

44

oose the best answer

Listening

5 You hear a woman talking about roller derby, a hobby which involves speed racing on skates.What is she doing?

A explaining what made her decide to take it up

B appreciating her friends'attitude to the sport

C describing how she feels when she's taking part

6 You hear part of a radio programme.What is the woman talking about?

A a newshop

B a new exhibition

C a new leisure centre

You overhear two students discussing a reading project they did with young children.What do they agree about it?

A The venue was pedect.

B The materialwas well received.

C The number of participants was surprising.

You hear an actor talking about the character she plays in a TV drama series.How does she feel about the character?

A She is envious oÍ her life-style.

B She sympathises with her current problems.

C She admires her intelligence.

45

Parl2

You will hear a woman called Gina Purvis, who is a pilot for a commercial airline, talking about herjob' For questions 9-1g, comprete the ""ni"n.", with a word or short phrase.

You wiquestic

only on

Sky high

vr rcr urbr^eo ner ÍrrsÌ f

job as

TheairlinethatGinaworksforinsistsonatleast,

ASc

B lp

C llr

D le

G rd

H lu

hours of flying experience Írom theÌr captains.

Gina says that because her husband is a I'-*l ltt inels

tolerant oÍ her job

The.NoticestoPilots,providesinformationaboutany

that are experiencing problems.

Gina says that if she has extra r I tS I she will hêêd mnro í,rar

for her flight.

Gina explains that many pilots she works with did a degree in

i at university.

r.:rrlã SãyS InaI all tn" tI I 15 I must be within reach oÍ rho ira,n

pilots in the cockpit.

Tr re plrors tooK at a I ----- , ,-'- I i te

Jro check if anyone is sranding

at the cockpit entrance.

\f,rrii geIS tnlormatton Írom a II ltz labout any small

problems on the plane.

Ginasayswhatshereallyappreciatesis"o,nn.

Mr

Sc

46

ne, tatking about her

Listening

Part 3

You will hear five short extraets in which students are talking about a trip they have taken. Forquestions 19-23, choose Írom the list (A-H) what each student says about their trip. Use the lettersonly once. There are three extra letters which you do not need to use.

Tfrom their captains.

In",.tolerant oÍ her job.

A Someone I met while I was there is coming to visit me soon.

B I plan to do things a little differently on my next visit.

C I learnt more about some friends while I was with them.

D I enjoyed myself thanks to one person's efforts.

E My experience was different when I returned to a place.

F Some people there offered to take me on a tour.

G I didn't take to the city at first.

H I went back to a place I had never expected to see again.

Speaker 1

Speaker 2

Speaker 3

Speaker 4

Speaker 5

[-f';l[i-,"-l

rE[Fr[-ljf

rriencing problems

rillneed more Íuel

for her flight.

I

[,.n o,ìn"r*o

[o'n,n. cockpt.

lis stunoins

f..no,,

enrrance.

Ismarr

fns on the ptane.

I o'nn'

Test 2

Part 4

You will hear an interview with a musician called Jarrold Harding, who,s talking about his career. Forquestions 24-gO, choose the best,answer (A, B or C).

29\/

I

I

24 How did Jarrold,s interest in music begin?

A He went to one of his father,s concerts.

B He was given lessons by an orchestra violinist.

C He watched musicians practising.

Jarrold played in his first concert

A together with his mother.

B when he was away on holiday with his parents.

C to make his Íather happy.

What impressed Jarrold about his mother,s musicalability?

A She never made any mistakes.

B She could memorise music very quickly.

C She could adapt piano music for his violin.

27 What does Jarrold say about his interest in conducting?

A lt began at an early age.

B lt was encouraged by his father.

C lt increased when he heard famous musicians.

28 How did Jarrold feel when he was at college?

A relieved tb Íind he didnt have to work too hard

B pleased at how well he played compared to everyone elsec grad he courd cope with things that some students struggred with

48

30

25

26

Listening

g about his career. For

29 What did Jarrold do after leaving college?

A He tried to devote all his time to conducting.

B He was introduced to a good conducting teacher.

C He had lessons with a famous conductor.

30 Jarrold thinks that being both a violinist and a conductor

A has given him opportunities to develop as a musician.

B has allowed him more freedom to play where he wants.

C has earned him the respect oÍ other professionals.

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