tltl;:

.i._ .t-."'-

, iI

!

'i!

$** r *.' ... r.i*'..

.r '; -':i,. "*1:r+ !' i ,' - ] :; -' tr .!,::'l ],r' ,

it. i l.r 'i;,l

,::,.. i.:'I

:

r'

'./ '"{,

.'i .:

:

..

i,'. ,-5

;''.'*": -';:

ii

'1"

CONTENTS

I.I

GENEML

I.

PROGRA]4I"IING

I.)

INTRODUCTION CONTROLLED AXES

9

I Controlled Axes ) 2 IncremenE Svstem 3 Maximum Stroke 3. 4.PREPAMTORY FUNCTION

20

20ZU

20

(G

FUNCTION)

2l2424 25

INTERPOLATION FUNCTIONS

4.L Positioning (c00) 4.2 Single Direction Positioning (c60) 4.3 Linear Interpolation (G01) 4.4 Circular Inrerpolarion (c02, G03) 4.5 Helical Cutting (c02, c03) 4.6 Equal Lead Thread Curring (c33)FEED FUNCTIONS

2627

29 31 32 32 32 3232

5.

5.

I Rapid Traverse 5.2 Cutting Feed Rate 5.2.I Tangential speed constant control 5.2.2 Cutting feed rate clamp 5.2.3 Feed per minute (G94) 5.2.4 Feed per revolution (c95) 5.2.5 One-digit F code feed .

5.3

Override 5.3. 1 Feed rate overri-de 5.3.2 Rapid traverse override 5.4 Automatic Acceleration/Deceleration 5.4. 1 Automatic acceler ation/deceleration after interpolation 5.5 Speed Control at Corn ers of Blocks

....+

33 33 33

3434 34 35 35 3637

.

5.5.1 Exact stop

(G04)

5.5.3 CutLing mode (c64) 5,5.4 Tapping mode (c63) 5.5.5 Automatic corner override 5.6 Dwell, Exact Stop (c04) 6.1 AutomaticREFERENCE POINT

5.5.2 Exact stop mode (G61)

37 3737

(G62)

38

4IL? 42

Reference Point Return (G28, G29) 6.1.1 Automatic return to reference point (G28) 6.I.2 Automatic return from reference point (C29) 6.2 Reference Point Return Check (G27) 6.3 2nd, 3rd, 4th Reference Point Return (G30)COORDINATE SYSTEM G59)

43

4344 45 45 45 47 48

7.

7.L Programming of Work Coordinate System (G92, G54 to 7.I.1 Setting work coordinate sysrem (c92) 7.1.2 Setting work coordinate system (G54 to cs 9) 7.f.3 Selecting work coordinate systern (G54 co G59)

7 .I.6 Systern variables 7.2 Plane Selection (G17,R.

7.1.4 Changing work eoordinate system by program command (csa to csg) 7.f.5 Setting and display of work zero point offset amountG18,

49 50

Gt9)

5l52 5353

B.

f Absolute and Incremental Programming (G90, G91) 8.2 Inch/Metric Conversion (G20, G21) 8.3 Decimal Point Programming/Pocket Calculator TypeDecimal Point ProgrammingSPINDLE SPEED FUNCTION

COORDINATE VALUE AND DIMENSION

s354

a

9. I

Spindle Speed Command 9.1.1 S 2-digit code 9.I.2 S 5-digit code

5656

s656 57 57 57

IO. TOOL FUNCTION (T FUNCTION) 10.1 Tool Selection Command LO.2 Tool Life Management ...

II. }IISCELLANEOUS FUNCTION (M, B FUNCTIONS) 11.1 Miscellaneous Function (M Function)II.2 Auxiliary Functions 12.PROGRAM CONFIGURATION .

63 64 65 67 67 67

12.

1 Tape Start ..e. 12.2 Leader Section and Label Skip . L2.3 Program Start L2.4 Program Section I2.4.1 Main program and sub program 12.4.2 Program number 12.4,3 Sequence number and block 12.4.4 0ptional block skip 12.4.5 Word and address L2.4.6 Basic addresses and command value ranseTape End Tape Format 12.8 ";'.2 Tape Codes ... 12.9

6868

72

IJ /577 78 79

L2.7

;:H:H

;:;'t::

::

::

::

::

::::::

::

.:::

::

::::..:::::::::::

::

::::.::

::

7979

79

13. FUNCTIONS TO SIMPLIFY PROGRAMMING I3.1 Canned Cycles (c73, Gl4, G76, G80 to 13.2 External Motion Function (G80, GB I)I4.COMPENSA,TION FUNCTION .

80GB9)

8095

14.

I Tool Length Offset (c43, C44, G49) L4.I.1 Tool length offset A... 14. f. 2 Tool length offset B . . . L4.2 Cutter Cornpensation B (c39 to G42) 14.2.I Cut,ter compensation function. 14.2.2 Offset amount (H code) 14.2.3 Offset vector L4.2.4 Plane selection and vector ... 14.2.5 Corner offset cj-rcular interpolation (G39) L4.2.6 Cutter compensation cancel (G40) 14.2.7 Cutter comDensation left (G41)

96

vo96 9899 99

100

i00100

....

f01101

loz

14.2.8 Currer compensarion right (c42) L4.2.9 General notes on offset L4.2.10 Program example 14.3 Cutter Compensation C (G40 to c42) 14.3.1 Cutter compensation function . i4.3.2 Offset amount (It code) 14.3.3 Offset veclor 14.3.4 Plane selection and vector ... 14.3.5 c40, c4l, and G42 . L4,3.6 Details of cutter compensation C ... L4.4 Changing of Tool Offset Amounr (Prograrnmable Dara Inpur) (G10) 14.5 Scaling (c50, c51) 14.6 Coordinate Systern Roration (c68, c69) 14.6.1 Command fcrmat . 14.6.2 Relationship to other functions 15.15.MEASUREI"IENT FUNCTIONS

103 104 106

f07107

f07107

i08108 110 140

l4lL42 L44T47

I

Skip Funcrion (c3I)

.

I47L49

16.

16.

A ... I Custom Macro Cou'unand 16.1.1 M98 (Single call) 16.1.2 Subprogram call using M code 16.1.3 Subprogram call using T code f6.1.4 G66 (Modal call) 16.1.5 Argunent specification 16.2 Custom Macro Body . L6.2.1 Variables. 16.2.2 Kind of variables 16.2.3 lulacro instrucrions (G65) 16.2.4 Notes on custom macro Example of Custbm Macro 1 6. 3 .4. . . 16.3. f Bolt hole circle 16.3.2 Pocket machining 16.3.3 Interface signal ... ..;.. f6.3.4 Shearing machine ... 16.3.5 Program examples ... 16.4 Pattern Data Input Functj-on ... 16.4. I Pattern menu display 16.4.2 Pattern data display 16.4.3 Character-to-codes correspondence tableCUSTOM MACRO

... ..

150 150 150 150 150151

153 153 154157

L62

f63163

L64166 167 167

169 169

172 L75

17.

CUSTO}I MACRO

17. I Macro Ca11 Corunand (Custom Macro Command) I 7 . l. I Simple calls .1. . . 17. 1.2 Modal call . I 7. 1.3 Macro call using G codes 17.1.4 Custoro macro call with M code 17.f.5 Subprogram call with M code 17.1.6 Subprogram call with T code

B ...

I7717917 9

L82183 183 184

17.I.717.

1.8 Multiplex calls I7.2 Creation of Custom Macro Bodlr L7.2. I Custom macro body format 17.2.2 Variables 17.2.3 Types of varlables . 17.2.4 Arithnetic commands .

Dif ference between 1"198 (subprogram call) and G65 (custom macro body call) ...

184 184185

i86186 187

f89200

17.2.5 Control c,onnands ... 17 .2.6 Macro and CNC statements ... 17.2.7 Codes and words used in custom macro I7.3 Registration of Custom Macro Body 17 .4 Limitations .. i8. 10/11 TAPE FORMAT ... 18.1 Difference Points of Tape Format 18.2 Address and Range of Command Values f8.3 Key Position . 18.4 Each Address Restrictions 18.5 Setting of Setting Parameters . 18.6 Cautions of Each Function III.I.OPEMTION INTRODUCTION

203

208

2LI 2IL

2fl

2r32L3 2L3

.'. . . . 2I42L4 2L4

2I4

.

2T7

2. OPERATION DEVICES 2.1 CRT/MDI Panel z.I.L MDI keyboard . 2.L.2 Function buttons 2.2 Machine Operator's Panel 2.3 Tape Reader .. 2.3.I Portable ?' reader .. tape 2.3.2 Note for handling tape reader .. 2.4 FANUC casserre BI/B?/E| 2.5 FANUC PPR . 3.POWER

237

23L

.

232 233 234 236 240 240 247

'236

ON/OFF

/,') . )---

4. MANUAL OPERATION 4.L l"lanual Ref erence Point Return 4.2 l'Ianua1 Continuous Feed 4.3 STEP Feed 4.4 Manual Handle Feed 4.5 Manual Absolute 0N and OFF . 5.AUTOMATIC OPEMTION 5.1 Operation Mode . 5. 1.1 Memory operation 5.L.2 MDI operation . . 5. f.3 MDI operation-B 5.2 Starting Automatic Operation . 5.3 Executing Automatic Operation 5.4 Stopping Automatic Operation 5.4.I Program stop (M00) .2 Optional- scop (M01 ) 5 ^4 5.4.3 Program end (M02, M30) 5.4.4 Feed hold 5.4.5 Reset 5.5 Program Re-Start 5.6 l'lanual Handle Interruption . 5.6-l Handle interrupt operation 5.6.2 Movement by handle interrupt 5.6.3 High-speed reference point return of handle interrupt axis

243 243 244246 247

249 255 255 255 255251

259 259 259 259 259 259 260 260

260263

263264 265

6.

t A1l Axes I'lachine Lock . 6.2 Machine Lock on Each Axis (Z-axis only)6.

TEST OPERATION

.

6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7

Auxiliary Function LockFeedrate Override Rapid Traverse Override Dry Run Single BlockEmergency Stop

... ...

266 266 266 266

zot267 267

268269

7.

7.1

SAFETY FUNCTIONS

269zoY

7.2 Overtravel8.o

WHEN ALARM ARISES

270

1 Preparation for Part Program Storage and Editing Operation 2 Registering Prograrn to Memory 9.2.1 Registering with MDI key 9.2.2 Registering from NC tape 9.3 Registering Several Programs on a Tape to Memory 9.4 Program Number Search 9.5 Deleti-ng a Program 9,6 Deleting A11 Programs 9.7 Punching a Program 9.8 Punching A1l Programs . 9.9 Sequence Number Search 9. l0 Collating Programs in Memory and NC Tape . 9.11 Inserti-on, Changing and Deleting the Word 9.1i.1 Word search 9.11.2 Inserting a word 9.11.3 Changing a word 9.1 .4 Deleting a word ..:.. ol .5 Deleting up to an EOB . 9.11.6 Deleting blocks a 12 Automatic Insertion of Sequence No.o

PART PROGMM STOMGE

& EDIT (INCLUDING PROGRAM

REGISTMTION)

271 27L

27r 27r271271 272

272273

zt J273,1/,

275

.r'7 a

276 280 281 281

28r282

13 Background Editing . 9. 13. 1 Registration from

q o o

9.13.2 Registration from CNC tape . 9. 13.3 CNC Eape punch . . .

MDI

. . .1

.

oq a

14 Menu Prograrnming . . 15 Program Loading by TEACH IN Mode 16 Conversational Programming with Graphic 9. 16.I Prograroming . 9. 16.2 Confirmation of program . . . 9 . f6.3 Editing of program . . . 17 Nurnber of Regist.ered Programs . 18 Part Program Storage Length

Function

282 283 284 284 284 286288 288

290 290

29I291292

t9 Editing Operation Using Full KeysSETTING AND DISPLAYING DATA

IO.

10.

I Offset Amount l0.l.l Setting and display of t,oo1 offset values (function key: offset ) ... L0.2 Setting Parameter (Function key: PAMI'I ) ... I0.3 Custom Macro Variable f0.4 System Parameter 10.4. I Parameter dlsplay i0.4.2 Parameter setting ..

.

294 294

.

294 295297 291 291

298

10.5 f0.6 10.7 10.81

Pitch Error

Data Protection Key . Software Operatorrs Panel Tool Length Measurement

Compensation

Data

300 300 300301

1.I 1.

DISPLAY

IL.2 11.3 Command Value Display (Function key: PRGRM ) lI.4 Display for Program Check Il.5 Current Position Display (Function key: POS ) 11.6 Display of Run Tirne and Parts Count 11.6.1 Actual position screen 1 I . 6. 2 Parameter setting screen Il.7 Alarm Display (Function key: ALARM ) .. If.8 Pattern Data and Pattern Menu Displav

I

303JUJ

Program Display Displaying Program Memory Used

303305

306 . .t. . . . ..

307

3093093

10

tI.9

311 311

Clock

3r3314 314JI4

T2.

DATA OUTPUT

12.I Tool Offsets 12.2 ParametersTO AND FROM FANUC CASSETTE (B1

13. DATA INPUT/OUTPUT 13.1 What is a File 13.2 File Heading f3.3.3CNC

/82/FI)

315

3r5315

13.3 Data Output Operation 13. 3. I CNC prQran output f3.3.2 Offset data output

3r6 3i6317

parameter output 13.4 Data Input Operation t3.4.1 CNC program input 13.4.2 Offset data input 13.4.3 CNC parameter input 13.5 File Deletion Precautions L 3. 6 i3.6.1 Request for cassette replacement 13.6.2 Cassette adaptor lamp conditions

3r73L7

3r7 JId 318 318 318 318319

13.7 Floppy Cassette Di-rectory Display I3.7. I Display ... 13.7.2 File input/output 13.7.3 Other precautions L4. GRAPHIC FUNCTION 14.1 Drawing Range I4.2 Setting of Graphic Parameter .. 14.2.1' Setting procedure of graphie parameter .. L4.2.2 Details of graphic parameter . L4.2.3 Tool path drawing .I5.

f3.6.3 Write-protect key

319 320 320322

323325327 327

328 329JJU

I5.1 Outline

MECHANICAL HANDLE FUNCTION*FLWU

L5.2 Fo1low-up Signal 15. 3 Input Signal 15. 4 Cauti-on

JJU 330 330

16.

DISPLAY AND OPERATION OF OO-MBnicn]arr

332JJJ

1A I

???

L6.2 Operation

333

IV.

MAINTENANCE

FUSE CHECK AND REPLACEMENT Specifj-cation of Fuses t. 2 Mounting Positions of Fuses

l. I

337 337JJ I

L.2.1 Power supply unit I.2.2 Additional I/0 Bl1 ', L. z. 2 ) T-^,. ts unrt rnpuL ,,- -!

337

338 338 339339 339

2.

TROUBLESHOOTING

2,')

4 CNC Status Displav 2.5 Display of Position Deviation 2.6 Display of Machine Position from Reference Point V.APPENDIXES

General 2 Checking Input Voltage, Peripheral Conditions, Operation, Programming, Drives, Machine and Interface Control 3 NC System Check (No E.ools required)

L

34L 34L5+J

APPENDIX APPENDIX APPENDIX APPENDIX

1 2 3 4

TAPE CODE LISTFUNCTIONS AND TAPE FORMAT LISTRANGE OF COMMAND VALUENOMOGRAPHS

54

1

349

3s2351 357 360

1. 2. 3.

INCORRECT THREADED LENGTH TOOL PATH AT CORNER

RADIUS DIRECTION ERROR AT CIRCULAR CUTTING

363 364

APPENDIX APPENDIX APPENDIX

5

TAPE JOININGSTATUS WI{EN TURNING THE POWER ON, WI{EN RESET

6

36s367

I.

7 PARA]'IETER PARAMETER DISPLAY 8 9

LIST

367

APPENDIX APPENDIX APPENDIX APPENDIX

CODES USED ERROR CODE

IN

PROGRAM

496497 5145

LIST

10 LIST

OF OPERATION

1I LIST OF SPECIFICATIONS

r6

:il

btF:i' fi'l

E

)

I I

i

i l\

I

GENERAL

This manual describes the programming, operation, and daily maintenance for 0-MB and 00-MB. This manual includes all optional functions. For the functions unique to each CNC system, see APPENDIX 11 I'LIST 0F SPECIFICATIONS". For which options are provided with your system, see machine tool builder I s,

manual.

Sometimes, the specification and usage of the system may be different to t.he specification of the rnachine side operation panel. So, see the machine tool builderts manual without, fail.

according

1.1

General Flow of Operation of CNC Machine Tool

When machining

the part using the CNC machine tool, first prepare the program, then operate the CNC machine by using the program. l) First, prepare the prograrn from a part drawing to operate the CNC machine too1, Then punch the paper tape to be read the program into the CNC system. How to prepare the program is described in the Chapter II. 2) Paper tape is to be read into the CNC system. Then, mount the workpieces and tools on the machine, and operate the tools aceording to the programming. Finally, execute the machining actua11y. How to operate the CNC system is described in the Chapter III.OPERATION. PROGRA}frIING.

Part drawing

Paper tape

CNC

MACHINE TOOL

CHAPTER

II

PROGRAMMING

CHAPTER

III

OPERATION

Before the actual programming, make the machining plan for how to machj-ne theparc.

Machining plan l. Determination of workpieces machining range 2. Method of mounting workpieces on the nachine tool 3. Machining sequence in every cutting process 4. Cutting tools and cutting conditions Decide the cutting method in every cutt.ing process

t. ::i,

4':i.

-3-

\-\_ Cuttingprocedure

Cutting

------\

process

IFace cutting

aL

J

Side cutting

Hole machining

1. CuEting nethod

: 2. Cutting tool :

RoughSemi

Finish

Tools

3. Cutting conditions : FeedrateCutt ing Depth

4, Tool

path

Face cutting

Prepare the program of the tool path and cutting condition according to the workpiece figure, for each cutEing.

i

I

I'

-4-

r:.

rl

il

1.2 Notes on Reading This Manual 1)

The function of an

CNC machine tool system depends not only.on the CNC, but on the combination of the machine tool, its magnetic cabinet, the servo system' the CNC, the operatorrs panels, etc. It is too difficult to describe the function, programming, and operation relating to all connbinations. This manual generally describes these fron the stand-polnt of the CNC. So, for details on a particul.ar CNC machlne tool, refer to the manual issued by the rnachine tool bullder, which should take precedence over this manual.

2)

This rnanual addresses as many subjects as posslble. But it would become too voluminous to point out everything that should not or cannot be done. Functlons which are not specifically stated as possible are impossible.

3) Notes refer to detailed and speeific items. So, when a irote is encountered, terms used in it sometimes are not explained. In this case, first skip the note' then return to it after having read over the manual for details.

-5-

II

PROGRAMMING

lr

i

il

1.

INTRODUCTION

l) Tool movement along workpiece parts figure Interpolation (See II-4) The tool moves along straight lines and arcs constltuting the workplece parts flgure. (See Note) a) Tool movement along stralght line

Progam GOIY _; X-Y-;

b) Tool movement along arcProgram

G03X

--

Y

--

R

--;

of moving the tool along straight lines and arcs ls called the interpolation. Syutbols of the Progratmed commands G01, GO2, ... are called the preparatory function and specify the type of interpolation conducted in the control unit.The functionControl unit X axis

a) Movement along

staight line

colY

_; X-Y-;

/v j--t a) Movement along ( '\ straight line R-; t b; Mo"urnent along7

\nTool movement

,ll -'

Y axis

b) Movement along arc

G03X

-Y-

Note)

workpiece.

the table rnay be moved without moving the tool in an actual machine, thJ.s manual assumes that the tool noves with respect to theThough

-9-

ilil,

2) Feedilfr Irll

Feed

function (See II-5)

Itflrll ti':

IiiI

'

Table

Movement

of the tool at a specified speed for cutting a workpiece is called the feed. Feedrates can be specified by using actual numerics. For example, to feed the tool at a rate of 150 uun/min, specify the following in theF150. 0

Program:

The function of deciding the feed rate is called the feed funetion.

3) Part drawing and tool movenent a) Reference point (fixed position on rnachine) An NC machine tool is provided with a fixed position. Nornally, tool change and prograurming of absolute zero point as described later are performed *t this position. This position is called the reference point.

The t,ool can be moved to reference poi_nt in two ways: i) Manual reference point return (See III-4.1) Reference point return is perforrned by manual button operation. ii) Automatic reference point return (See II-6.1) Reference point return is performed in accordance with progranme,

In general, manual reference point return is performed flrst after th, pov{er is turned on. In order to move the tool to reference point fo: tool change thereafter, the function of automatic reference poin return is used.

commands.

-10-

(coordinate system specified by

b) Coordinate system on part drawing and --- Coordinate svstem (See III-8)

NC

Program

Command

Part drarving

Coordinate systemlviachine NC

tool

There are t\ro types of coordinate systems. i) Coordinate system on part drawing The coordinate system is written on the part drawing. As the program data, the coordinate values on this coordinate system are used. ii) Coordinate system specified by NC The coordinate systen is prepared on the rnachine tool tab1e. Thi.s can be achieved by prograrnning the distance from the present position of

the tool to zero point of the coordinate to be set.

of toolt Distance to zero point of coordinate system to be set

a workpiece is set on the table, these two coordinate systems lay as follows:hlhen

part drawing establishedon the workpiece

Coordinate system established on the

- lt -

The tool moves on the coordinate system specified by the NC in accordance with the command program generated with respect to the coordinate system on the part drawing, and cut a work piece into a shape on the drawing. Therefore' in order to correctly cut the workpiece as specified on the drawing, the two coordinate systems must be set at the same position. To set the two coordinate systems at the same positlon, simple methods sha11 be used according to workpiece shape, the number of machlnings. Some examples are shown below: i) Using a standard point of the work.

Work standard point

Bring the Eool center to the standard point. And set the coordinate system specified by NC at this position.

Fixeddistancc

ii

ii)

Mountl"ng a workpiece

directly against the jig. Meet the tool center to the reference point. And set the coordinate system point specified by CNC at this position. Jig shall be mounted on the predetermined point from the reference point.

i

! tlt'I

iii)

Mounting a pallet wj-th a workpiece against the jig.

Jig and coordinate system specified the same as ii).Pallet

shall

be

I

I

-L2-

c) How

to indicate command dimensions for moving the tool Absolute, incremental commands (See II-8.1) Coordinate values of comrnand for moving the tool can be indicated by absolute or incremental designation. i) Absolute coordinate values The tool moves to a point at the distance from zero point of the coordinate system, i.e. to the position of the coordinate values.

Tool

A (1s,60,40)

(1030,20)

Specify the tool movement from point A to point B by using the coordinate values of point B as follows:G90X10.0Y30. 0220.0;

ii)

Incremental coordinate values Specify the distance from the previous tool position to the next tool position.

i..

e.iv|,:

*:j;

I

#__J

30

I

/

u$, ,/

X

Specify the tool

movement

from point A to point B as follows:

c9 1X40. 0Y-30. 0z- 10.

0;

_13_

4) Cutting speed

Spindle speed functlon (See II-9)

ll

,p^'% ,,1w,:.,*

i-----(2/ILL---

7//)

rool

Workpiece----J

--tI

The speed of the tool with respect to the workpiece when the workpiece is cut is called the cutting speed. As for the CNC, the cutting speed can be specified by the spindle speed in rpm unit. For example, when a workpiece having a diameter of 100 nn should be machined at a cutting speed of 80 nrm/nln, the cutting speed in rpm un.it is calculated to be approx. 250 rprn from N = 1000 V/nD. Therefore, specify the following:S

250;

Spindle speed co*mand is called spindle speed function.

5) Selection of tool used for various machiningTool number

Tool Funetion (See II-10)

ATC magazine

I^lhen

necessary to select a suitable tool. When a number is assigned to each tool and the number 1s specified in the program, the NC selects the corresponding

dri11ing, tapping, bearing, milling or the like,

is performed, it

is

tool. For example, when No.01 is assigned to a drilling tool and the tool is stored at No.0l of the ATC magazine, the tool can be selected by specifying:T01

This function is called the tool function.

-L4-

gF

6) Command for machi.ne operations ----- Miscellaneous function (See II-11) When machinlng is actually started, it is necessary to rotate the spindle, and feed coolant. For this purpose, on-off operations of spindle motor and

coolant valve should be controlled.

Spindle rotation

Coolant

/l

onloff

Workpiece

The function of specifying rhe on-off operations of the components of the machine is called the miscellaneous function. In general, the function i-s specified by an M code. For example, when M03 is specified, the spindle is rotated clockwise at the

specified spindle speed.

7) Program

configuration (See II-12) A group of commands givpn to the NC for operating the machine is called the program. By specif)'ing the conmands, the tool is moved along a straight line or an arc, or the spindle notor is turned on and off. In the program, specify the conmands in the sequence of act.ual tool movements.

Blobk' Block Block Program Block

Tool movement sequence

I

Block

I

A group of commands at each step of the sequence is called the block. The program consists of a group of blocks for a series of machining. The number for discriminating each block is called the sequence number, and the number for discriminating each program is cal1ed the program number The block and the program have the following configurations.

*-

ft

*.

_ 15 _

a)

BlockBlock

NCOOOO cCO xCO. O ZCCO . O MCO s CC r COs_:31:1."

cR

numDer

preparatory

Interpolation

funltion

function

Spindle function Miscellaneous Tool function function

End of

block

Each block consists of a sequence number for indicating the NC operatlon sequence at the beginnlng of the block, and a CR code for lndicating the end of the block. b) Prograrn

Program number

BlockBIockBloc.k

M3O CR

end of program

Normally, a program number is speclfied after the CR code at the beginning of the program, and a program end code (M02, M30) is specified at the end of the program.

-15-

'r.

c)

Main program and subprogram

Mrin programII

-----l

I

I I

M98Pl@1I II

-- )-| --j==-." '/"il.t'-.----...-.....--.--l--

I

-io'oo'I

r

Scbpiogrrm#l

----rProgram for hole

#l

I

M98P'1002II

-/ --

NtsgSubprogram #2

I

M98P1001I II

---l- or ooz

----"1

Program for hole #2

Lryg_

_ ____JHole

Hob *1

#l

\

'\cHole

#2

Hole #2

o

When

machining of the same pattern appears at many portlons of a program, a Program for the pattern is created. This is calfed the subprogram. On the other hand, the original program ls ca1led the naln program. When a subprogram execution comnand appears during execution of the maln program, conutrands of the subprogran are executed. When execution of the subprogran is finished, the sequence returns to the main program.

8) Tool figure and tool motion by program (See II-14.1) a) Machining using the end of cutter Tool length compensation function. Usually, several tools are used for machining one workpiece. The tools have different tool length. It is very troublesome to change the program in accordance wlth the tools.

Standard tool

-tI

J

-t7-

Therefore, a standard tool is selected, anci the difference between the position of the nose of the standard tool and the position of the nose of eaeh tool used is measured in advance. B,v setting the rneasrrred value in the NC (data display and setting: see III-11), rnachining can be performed without alterjng the program even whcn the tool is changed. . This function is ca1led the tc'o]. length conpensation. b) Machining rrsJng the side of cutter Cutter radius compensation (See rr-14) Because a cutter has a radlrrs, the cente!- of the cutter path goes around the workpiece vrith the cutter radius deviated.

Cutter path using cutter radius compensation

Machining part figure

Cutter

If raditrs of cutters are stored in menory, the tool can be uroved by cutter radius apart from the machining part figure. Thls function is ca1led cutter radius compensation.

-18-

9) Tool movement range ----- Stroke check An area whieh the tool cannot enter can be specified by parameters. This functlon is called the stroke check.

I L_---lI

l---

Tutte

r__

____rL- .t'

7/////U//////////Z///////t2

tl -Jl tTr'

l,al,

Rererencepoint

7

4V 2',, '44 t,

.- -t-i

1

*VLJLJ

',

L

:l - ---{

I

//rl-z7zzzrlzzzzrlz,.zzrzrrr2,

-19-

2.

CONTROLLED AXES

2.1 Controlled AxesNo. of basic controlled axes

3 2

axes

Controlled axes expansion Basic simultaneouslv controll-ed axesSimultaneously controlled axesexpansi-on

l'lax. I axis (Max. 4 axes in total)axes

Max. 4 axesaxes

(Note)

PMC

axis can be expanded up to the 2

by an option.

2.2

Increment System

Least input increment

Least comnand increment

Maximum stroke

0.001

mm

0.0001 inch

0.00I

mm

0.001

0.0001 inch

99999.999

mm

deg

0.00f

9999.9999 inchdeg

deg

99999.999

In increment

systern 1/I0ar

Least input increment

Least

command

incrementrur deg

Maximum stroke

0.000f

mm

0.00001 inch

0.000f

0.0001

0.00001 inch

deg

0.0001

9999.9999 mm 999.99999 inch 9999.9999 des

Combined use

of the inch system and the metric system is not allowed. There are functions that cannot be used between axes with different unit systems (circular interpolation, cutter radius compensati.on, etc.) For the incremen! system, see the machine tool builder's manual.

2.3

Maximum Stroke 99999999

Maximum

stroke = Leagt command i-ncrement x 2.2 Increment Svstem. See

-20-

3.

PREPARATORY FUNCTION (G FUNCTTON)command

A number following address G determines the meaning of the cerned block. F^1 1^,'i6ft c enl,Ps Are divi ded into the rurruwrug Fr'^ tsr Lwo Lypes.u Lvsev

for the con-

- I Y"

Meaning

One-shot G codeModal G code

The G code is effective only in the block in whieh it is-i ^-^^.i Dgc!tllgu.f ^l

The G code is effective untilsrolrD is sneeified.

another G code of the

same

(Example)

GOl and G00 are modal G codes in group 01.{:t I I x

7_. ut Y-.-. uvvL

t

GOl is effective in this range

tt G

The following G codec00G01

codes are offered.Funct ion

Positionlng (Rapid traverse)0l

Linear interpolation (Cutting feed) Circular interpolation/Helical Circular interpolatio*/HelicalUWEIIT l^dLL DLvP

GO2

CW

c03 c04G09

CW

Exact stop00n^+^ ud Ld ^^*+i-- r!r5 DE L L

GLO

cllG

Data setting mode cancelXY olane selection02

17.

GIB

ZX plane selectionY

cl9G20

/. n l2ncir!l

qp lparr.'-^L flruLrmm

on

T**,,f rrrPuL

r\)uLt

061

Input in

Reference point return check

c2800G29 G30

Return to reference point Return from reference point2nd reference

point return

-2r-

i:.i

,

i/

il'

lllljll,.ltillit,,

a

G codeG31

Group00

Function

iil

,lii, r,j.rltii

Skip functionThread cutting

c33G39 G40

0l00

Corner offset circular interpolation

ii.,i' iil

Cutter compensation cancel07

G4iG42

Cutter compensation left cutter comPensation right Tool length compensation * direction Tool length compensation - direetion Tool length compensation cancelScaling cancel

G43 G44

08

c49G50

l1G51Gf1+S

caling

Work coordinate svstem I selection Work coordinate system 2 selection Work coordinate system 3 selectionL4

c55Gfo

Work coordinate system 4 selection

c58G59

I,iork coordinate

sY

stem 5 selection

Work coordinate system 6 selection00

c60G61

Single direction PositioningExact stopmode

G62

Automatic corner overrideI5Tanni no mnde

c63

*tat*c65GOO

-.*Ilacrocomman-d-

00

Macro call,F1acro --*

modal call

\c68

la LL

l'lacro modal cal l cancel Coordinate rotation

LO

G69

Coordinate rotation cancel

-

LZ -

G codeG73

uruuPPorb ! svA Arillino ur rrrrrrS

Func t i onnrrnla L)Lrc

Gl4tr/O GBO

Counter tapping cycle

Fine boringCanned

cycle cancel cycle, spot boring cycle, counter boring

c8lG82GB3 GB4 GB5

Drilling Drilling09

Peck dri I I ing evcleT-*^;'-rdyPf ^.,^1^ 116 Ly Lrs

Boring cycle Boring cycleBaek boring cycle

c86G87

c88 c89 c90

Boring cycle Boring cycleAb

solut.e

conmand

not aotG94

03

lncrement.al command 00

ProgrammingFoorl nor

of absolute zero point

minrrt-o

05

c95Gvd

Feed per rotation

\l0

Return to initial

point in canned cycle

G99

Return to R point in canned cycLe

(Note l) G codes marked \ are initial G codes when turning power on. For G20 and G2l, the G code before turning power off remains. G00 or G0l can be selected by parameter setting. ftr^rrn ara (Note 2) T LUUEJ UIF E;rUUy OO aro nnl- mnd: I . Therr ere only effective in the u -^A^rlrsJ ^ block in which they are specified. (Note 3 ) If a G code not listed on the table of G codes is i--..ts+^r v! utru ional tLIPULLEUT G code not specified in the system is commanded, an alarm (llo.0l0) is(Note 4) A number of G codes can be specified in the same block. l'lhen more than one G code of the same group is specified, the G code specified later (Note 5) If. any G code of group 0t is specified in a canned cycle mode, che canned cycle is automatically cancelled and the GB0 condj-tion is entered. However a G code of group 0i is not affected by any of the (Note 6) A G code is displayed from each group.canned cycle G codes.disp

lay ed .

is effective.

-23-

4.ii

INTERPOLATION FUNCTIONSPositioning (G00)

4.1G00

II

l

A toolFormatGOO

specifies positioning.moves

absolute command or to a position specified distance from the current with an incremental comnand at a rapid traverse rate.IP-;

to a certain posltion in the work coordinate

system

withpos

an {;

i t ion

where lP-: Cornbination of optional axis address (of X, y, Z, A, B, C) as x-Y-z-A-.. . This nanual uses this notation hereinafter ; : End of block (LF for ISO code, CR for EIA code) This manual uses this notatoin hereinafter. - Non linear interpolation type posltioning Positioning is done with each axis independently. Tool path generally does not become a straight line.Starting point

o+------Jg-.

/

/

/

A----'Non linear interpolation positionjng

/

P

Eno potnt

(Note 1) The rapid traverse rate in the G00 coumand is set for each axis independently by the machine tool builder (parameter No. 0518 to No. 0521). Accordingly, the rapid traverse rate cannot be specified in the address F. In the positioning mode actuated by G00, the tool is accelerated to a predetermined speed at the start of a block and is decelerated at the end of a b1ock. Execution proceeds to the next block after confirming the in-position. (See Note 2). (Note 2)'rln-position" means that the feed motor is withln the specified range. (This range is determined by the roachine tool builder) (Parameter No. 0500 to No. 0503).

-24-

4.2

Single Direction Positioning (G60)

For accurate positioning without backlash, direction is available.Start

final

positioning .from only

one

point

O+_--__JEnd point

(Direction for final positioning is right

to left).

G60 is used insEed of G00 as below.

are set by the parameteT (No. 204 - 2O7z An overrin-and--a pos-itionii[direction P0STNI - 4, No. 29: G60X, Y, Z, 4). Even when a commanded positioning direction

G60o

B _\_6_;

coincides with that set by the parameter, the tool stops once before the end point. (s, B, y, 6 = X, Y, Z or which one of additional axis A, B, C, U, V, W. Simultaneous 3 axis is option. )Overrun

End point

Temporary

(Note 1) G60 is a one/short G code. (Note 2) During drilling canned cycle,

no Single Direction Positioning is effected in Z. (Note 3) No Single Direction Positioning is effected in an axis for which no voerrun has been set by the parameter. (Note 4) When the move distance 0 is commanded, the Single Direction PosLtioning is not performed. (Note s) The direction set by the parameter is not effected by mirror image. (Note 6) The Single Direction Positioning does nor apply to the shift motion in the canned cycles of G76 and G87.

-25-

4.3

Linear Interpolation (G01)

F; GOl P This comiland i-ctuates the linear interpolation mode. The values of lP define the distance of tool travel which will be conducted in absolute or incremental mode, according to the current status of G90/G91. The feed rate is set to a cutting feed speed commanded by F code and is a modal data.(Program example) (c91) GOl x200. 0

YI00. 0 F200. 0Y axis

;

t

00.0

X lxis(Start point)200.0

The feed rate conmanded by the F code is ueasured along the tool path. not coruranded, the feed rate is regarded as zero. (Note 1) The feed rate of, each axis directlon is as follows. o B Gole BFeed Feed

If ir is

rate of q axis direction: rate of B axis

Fc = *

. t

direction: FB = f Feed rate of y axis direction: Fy = f Feed rate of E axis direction: Fe = *

. t ' f ' t

y=ffi(Note 2) The feed rate of the roa"r, axis is commanded in the unit of deg/min (the unit is decimal point position) G9l cOi B-90. 0 F300.:

(Start point)

@nd point)

\Rotation

rate is 300 deg/min.

-26-

:

i,!

4.4The

Circular lnterpolation (G02, G03)command

bel-ow

Arc on X-Y plane \,1 1 t.G02. ^1 / CO:J Arc on Z-X plane

wl1l move a tool along a clrcular arc.{ -IR

}T }F

c,8 ,33itArc on Y-Z plane

,R tr p^'

crs

r[!]r

I

tJ

r

Date to be givenI

Command

Meaning

Plane selection

trI /

Specification of arc on

XY plane

cl8 ci9L

Specifi-cation of arc on ZX plane

Specification of arc on YZ planeClockwise direction(CW)

Direction of rotat ionEnd pointG90 mode

an.,

c03

Counterclockwise directionEnd

(CCW)

position

Two of the X, Y, and Z axes Two of the X, Y, and Z axesTvro

point position in the work coordinate systemDistance from start ooint to point 4end

G91 mode4

Distance from start point to center

of the I, J, and K axesR

The signed distance from start point to center

Arc radius5

Arc radius Velocity along arc

Feed rate

F

The view is from the positive direction of the Z axis (Y axis or X axis) to the negative direction on XY plane (ZX plane or \Z plane) in the right hand Cartesian coordinate system.

1

ir.

I \\----\ I

lcor\

\

"o'

\\co3G02\\

G17

Clockwise and counterclockwise directions

-27-

The end point of an arc ls specified by address X, Y or Z, and is expressed as an absolute or incremental value according to G90 or G91. For the incremental value, the coordinate of the end point which is viewed from the start point of the arc is specifled. The arc center is specified by addresses I, J, and K for the X, Y, and Z axes, respeetively. The numerical value following I, J, or K, however, is a vector component in which the arc center is seen from the start point, and is always specified as an incremental value irrespective of G90 and G9 I, as shor,rn below.End

point (x, y)

End point (2, x)

xlnnin t

| lt

z1

t_I

Y

jCenter

I

tart

nni 11i

Center

j

I-_--l

Start point

Programming for circular interpolation

I,

The

be signed according to the direction. radius can be specified with address'R instead of specifying the center by I, J ,orK. The command format is as follows:J , and K must

c02

In this case, two types of arcs (one arc is less than 180o, and the other is more than 180") are considered, as shown in the figure below. hrhen an arc exceeding 180o is commanded, the radius must be specified with a negative value.For arc (!) (1ess than 180')c9 (Examp leq

c03'

l

Y

).

For arc O, (gr"ffithanc9 IG02X60. 0Y20. 0R-50.0

rc02x60. 0Y20. 0R50. 0F300. 0:

i8o')

F300. 0;

r=50mmEnd point

\-..._

--/

-28-

:

i!.il!,1:

j

ir'r.1; I

l:i,,,,";. 'i.

'

'

l, l,t:-t1,

(Program examPles)Y axis

00

60 40

p'

90 r20 140 The above tool path can be programmed as follows: l) In absolute programming x200.0 Y 40.0 z0 G92 ; c90 c03 x140.0 Y100.0 r-60.0 F300. : # c02 x120.0 Y 60.0 I=50.0 ;0

X axis 200

G92 X200.0 Y 40.0 Z0 t c90 G03 xr40.0 Y100.0 R60.0 F300. ; c02 xl20.0 Y 60.0 R50.0 ; 2) In incremental programming c9l c03 x-60.0 Y 60.0 r-60.0 F300. ; c02 x-20.0 Y-40.0 r-50.0 ; or c91 c03 X-60.0 Y 60.0 R 60.0 F300. i c02 x-20.0 Y-40.0 R 50.0 ; The feed rate in circular interpolation is equal to the feed rate specified by the F code, and the feed rate along the arc (the tangegtial feed rate of the arc) is controlled to be the specified feed rate. (Note 1) I0, J0, and K0 can be omitted. (Note 2) If X, Y, and Z are all omitted or if the end point is located at the same posi-tion as the start point, and when the center is commanded by I, J, and K, an arc of 360o (a complete circle) is assumed. c02I ; (A complete circle) when nTs-@ an arc of 0o is programmed. GO2R ; (The cutter does not move.) (Note 3) The error between the specified feed rate and the actual tool feed rate ' is *2 - or less. However, this feed rate is measured along the arc after the cutter compensation iS applied. (Note 4) If I, J, K, and R addresses are specified'simultaneously, the arc specified by address R takes precedence and the other are ignored. (Note 5) If an axis not comprising the specified plane is commanded, an alarm j,s displayed.4.5Helical Cuttins (G02, c03)

or

Helical

synchronously with the circular the Lool can be moved helicallv.

interpolation

is

enabled by specifylng another axis which moves interpolation by circular commands. That is,rr\

ur/

,G02. tGo3J

p

^

Lr

I

!U

r

I

D

t t

c18 ,G02 \ 'c03'.G02. cl9 tco: J

rR tI ,RtJ--

}Y lv

-29-

The command method is to simply add a move

interpolation

command

axes.

axis which is not circularThereforc - the feedt !rr\

An F command specifies a feed rate along a circular arc. rate of the linear axis is as follows:

- " Length of Linear axis - Length of circular arcDetermine the feed rate various limit values.so

the linear axis feed rate

does

not exceed any of the

Tool path

The feedrate along the circumference of two circular interpolated axes is the specified feedrate.

(Note l) Cutter compensation 1s applied only for a circular arc. (Note 2) Tool length compensation cannot be used in a block in which a helical cutting is commanded. (Note 3) The additional axes can be specified as not the circular axes but the linear axes.

-30-

4.6

Equal Lead Thread Cutting (G33)

Equal lead straight threads can be cut with a G33 command. The command shown below is used for thread cutting and the lead is specified numerically following address F. In general, thread cutting is repeated along the same tool path 1n rough cutting through finish cutting for a screw. Since thread cutting starts when the positlon coder mounted on the spindle detects a I-turn signal, threading is started at a fixed point and the tool path on the workpiece is unchaged for repeated thread cutting. NoEe that the spindle speed must remain constant fromroilph crrttins !vu6rr th-^..-L L!r!vu6trf {-.'^L IMIDTTLULLflr6.

^..!+ jh-

'Il!

In general, the lag of the servo system, leads at the starting and ending points of a thread cut. To compensate for this, a threading length somewhat longer than required should be specified. Programmable lead legnth is as follows:Leastlrfafrin innrrf

f -^r lluL,

inCOrt.eCt thread leaO will OCCur. I etc. will produce somewhat incorrect

command increment

Lead range

0.001

mm

Fl F1

0.0001Tnnh i nnrrl-

(0.01 - 500.00 (0.01 - 500.00

F50000 F50000

mm) mm)

mm

-

0.000I inch0.00001 inch

Fl - F500000 (0.000i - 50.0000 inch) Fl - F99999 (0.0001 - 9.9999 inch)

The spindle speed is limited as follows:I Linearan

path

Programmed Tooi center

path

path

i) Linear

+

Linear

ii) Arc

->

Linear

Programmed

path

a

Tool center path

d) L4ren

the tool goes around the outside linear less than I degree, compensation is performed + li.near at an acute angle as fo11ows.

Tool celrter pathProgrammedparJr

Less than 1 deg.

- ll8 -

*

.:i'))Change

F.F

g

of offset dlrection in the offset mode The offset direction is decided by G codes (c41 and G42) for cutter pensation and the sign of offset amount as follows.(inolo --t=\ nf nffcoramOUnt

com-

+

G codeG4l\r4 L

Left side offset Right side offset

Right side offset Left side offset in the offset mode. block and the block conception of inside The offset amount in

fn a special case, the offset direction may be changed However, the change is not available i-n the start up following it. When the offset direction is changed, the and outside disappears to become common for all cases. the following example i-s assumed to be positive. i) Linear + Lj-near ii) Linear + Arc

S

/Programmed path Programmed path

Tool centerPath

iii)

Arc + J,inear

iv) Arc + Arc

Tool center path

;

- il9 -

v) Llhen an intersection

is not obtained if offset is normally

performed._and

intersection with the offset Path is not required, the vector normal to block B Ls created at the start point of block B. i) Linear + LinearG42, if

Programmed

path

Tool center path

Programmed path

Tool center

Path c'

ii) Linear + Arc

L --'

Programmed path

-120-

iii)

Arc + Arc

Block A (G42)

(G42)

rlw./

/\An arc whose end

point is not onthe alc.

Progtammed path

^-

J

TooI center path

\Center

iv)

the length of tool center path becomes more than a circle because of cutter comDensation @Stnopossibi1ityofgeneratingtheabovesituation. However, when G41 and G42 are changed, or when a G40 was commanded with address I, J, and K the above situation can oecur.Whena

Programmed path

Tool center

path

\

(G42)

//D/

N5 c02 c9l x5000 Y-7000; N6 c4l c02 J-5000; N7 G42 G01 X5000 Y7000:

YL'

p\

I\

compensation is not performed with more than one

In this case, the cutter

circle circumference: an arc is formed from Pl to P2 as shown. (Depending on the circumstances, an alarm may be displayed due ttlnterference to the Check" described 1ater. ) To execute a circle with more than one ci.rcumf erence, the circle must be specified in segments.

-

121

-

6)

rf the commands below are speclfied in the offset mode, a temporary offset cancel is actuated and thereafter the system will restore the offset mode automatically. Refer to 14.3.6(4) Offser cancel and 14.3.6(2) Starr-up, for detalls of theseoperati-ons.

Tennporary

offset

cancel

a)

G2B

automatic return to reference point If G28 is commanded in the offset mode, the offset will be cancelled at the intermediate point, and the offset mode will be automaticallv restored after the reference point is reached. If the offset vector remains at the reference point return in such a case as the current position being the intermediate point, the CNC makes it to zero for each axis of which reference point return was completed.G

28

lntermediate point

-5

(G42 G00)

sReference pointF

b) G29 automatic return from reference point It G29 is commanded in the offset mode, the offset will be cancelled at the intermediate point r ard the offset mode will be restored automatically fron the subsequent block.When cornmanded inmrediately

after

G28

lntermediate poinl

-t(G42 G00)

S

S

Reference point

-122-

$A When cornmanded

not irnmediately after

G28

lntermediate point

7)

Cutter compensation G code in the offset mode The offset vector can be set to form a right angle to the moving direction in the previous block, irrespective of rnachining on inner or outer wall, by commanding the cutter compensation G code (G41, G42) in the offset mode,independently. If this code is specified in a clrcular command, correct circular motion will not be obtained. When the direction of offset is expected to reverse by the command of cutter compensation G code (G41, G42), refer to (5). Linear + Linear

G42 mode)f

+--I

Arc + Linear

(G42 mode)

-ts ,/c

-L23-

8) Comrand for tenporary cancelling offset vector During offset mode, if G92 (absolute zero point programrning) is conrnanded, the offset vector js teuporarlly cancelled and thereafter offset node is automaticallY restored. In this case, without movement of offset cancel, the tool moves directly from the intersectirrg point to the coumanded point where offseE vector 1s canceled. Also when restored to offset mode, the tool moves directly to the intersecting point.Tool center pathS (Intersection)S

(In!ersection)

t-4' -/\

'

/-\

-t\

I\

)'-

//t

--r

L

\ssl-

G92 block N7

(G4l

rnode)

N5 G9I G01 X 30O Y7000; N6 X-3000 Y6000; N7 G92 X 1000 Y2000; N8 G90 G01 X 4000 Y8000;

(lJote)

SS

indicates the polnt where the tool stops twlce ln the single block

mode.

9) A block without tool ncvement The followlng blocks have no tool movement. In these blocks , the tool will not move even if cutter radius.compensatlon is effected... o.. O M05; S2I; A G04 XiO000; . .... () @ clo Pol xloo; O (cI7) Z,2000; ..M code outpur S code output Dr.'ellMove cornmand

@ Geo; @ cel XO;

offset varue serring not includea in the offset plane.C code onlyMove

No movement

distance is zero.

Move distance

ls zero.

-r24-

a) When commanded

at start-up If a block withouL tool novenent is vector is not produced.

commanded

at start-up, the offsetG40 c91

N6 X1000.0 Y1000.0; N7 G4I XO; N8 Y-1000.0; N9 Yi000.0 x-:1000.0;

b) When cornmanded in offsetWhen

a single block without tool movement is commanded ln the offset mode, vector and tool center path are the same as those when the block is the not connanded. (Refer to item (3) Offset node) This block is executed at the single block stop point.

mode

N6 c91 X100.0 Y200.0; N7 c04 X100.0; N8 Xl00.0;

r

-t25-

However, when the move distance is zeto, even if the block is commanded singly, tool motion becomes the same as that when more than one block of without tool movement are commanded, which will be described subsequently.

N6 c91 xl000 Y2000; N7 XO;NB XlOOO;

Two blocks without tool movement should not be commanded consecutively. If comrnanded, a vector whose length is equal to the offset value is produced in a normal direction to tool motion in earlier block, so over-

cutting may result.

N7 Nq.. (Note 4)N9

N6 c91 x100.0 Y200.0 N7 S21; N8 G04 X1.0; N9 Xl00.0;

\\

Blocks N7 and N8

/N6

are executed here.

(Note)

SSS means

that tool stops three times by single block operation.

-126-

&,P.

+' t!fi

*Y.

t

c)

I^lhen commanded together with offset cancel When a block without tool movement is comrnanded

together with an offset cancel' a vector whose length is equal to the offset value is produced in a direction normal to tool motion in the earlier b1ock, the Vector is cancelled in the next move command.N7

N6 c91 Xr00.0 Y100.0; N7 G4O; N8 X100-0 Y0;

l0) When a block contains aG40andIplane

J

K

included in the offset the

i)

When

of the previous block ls G4L or G42 In this case the CNC assumes that the movement frorn the end point of previous block in the direction of (I, J or K) has been commanded.themodeE (x,y)Tool comes hereby G40 block. (I, J)

S

Center of tool goes to X in (G42) block.

Programmed path

(G 42) N1 tu4z mode) N2 b.+ ul\ ^.J.,

-t27-

In this case, note that the CNC obtalns an intersection of the tool irrespective of whether inner or outer wal1 machinlng ls specified. _/ _/Tool center path

path

t

-. x-/ a+c\

--/ --/

--\ -

---tt\

mmed path

-\ -\-

\

CAz_r_ (l,J)

When

an i.ntersection is not obtainabJ-e, the tool comes to the posltion normal to the previous block at the end of the previous b1ock.

s

x-_0, J)

Tool center path

Programmed path r

-

128

-

11) When the length of the tool center path becomes more than a clrcle.

I

,1,/ :rProgrammed

I

,P2

(G41)

N5 c01 G91 X10000; N6 c02 J-6000; N7 c40 c01 x5000 Y5000 r_100J_lo0;

In the above case' the tool center path does not go around a circle but moves only from point PI to p2 along an arc. According to under some ci-rcumstance, an alarm may be generated by the interference check described 1ater. (if lt is ddsired to move a tool around a circle, a circle must be conrnanded with partitions.) ll) Cornermovement When two or more

vectors are produced at the end of a block, the tool moves linearly from one vector to another. This movement is called the corner movement. If these vectors almost coincide with each other, the corner movement isnrt performed and the latter vector is ignored.

This vector is ignored,

avy P7 Nanely, circle cutting by the block N6 1s ignored.

P3

1C

-130-

-s;

:,

* i:'j

12) Interference check Tool overcutting is called rinterferencet. The interference check funetion checks for tool overcutting i-n advance. However, all interference can not be checked by this function. The interference check is performed even if overcutting does not occur. a) Reference conditions for interference The direction of the tool path is different from that of the programmed path. (From 90 degrees to 270 degrees between these paths). rn addition to the above condition, the angle between the sLart point and end point on the tool center path is quite different from that between the start point and end point on the prograffred path in ci-rcular rnachining. (More than lB0 degrees)

c

o

t::

Example

g',:i

of condition O

:;?;

Programmed path The directions of these two paths are quite different

(180" to each other)

Tool nose center path

Programmed path

The dtections of these two paths ale

quite different (180" to each other)

1f

1

Example

of condition @ /

Tool center

oath ,/- -

/

Programmed Path

t.'/f

,,/

I

,/"ou

\I

Center

I

I

(c41) N5 c01 c9l x8000 Y2000 HOi; N6 c02 X3200 Y-r600 r-2000 J-8000 H02; N7 cOl x2000 Y-5000; (Offset value corresponding to H01 : r = 2000) -1 (Offset value corresponding to H02 : t2 - 6000)

In the above example, the arc in block N6 is placed in the one quadrant. But after cutter compensation, the arc is placed in the four quadrants. b) Correction of interference in advance O Removal of the vector causing the interference When cutter radj-us compensation is performed for blocks A, B and C and vectors Vl, YZ, V3 and V4 between blocks A and B, and V5 , V6, V7 and V6 between B and C are produced, the nearest veccors are checked first. If interference occurs, they are ignored. But if the vectors to be i-gnored Cue to interference are the last vectors at the corner, they cbnnot be ignored. Interference check between vectors V6 and Vc -- Interfere V4 and V5 are ignoredCheck

between V3 andCheck

VU

Interference

Ignored

between V2 and V7 Check between V 1 and Ve

Interference Ignored Interfere Cannot be lgnored If, whl1e checking, a vector wlth no interference is detected, subsequent vectors are not checked. If block B is a circular movement, a Ij-near movement 1s produced if the vectors are interfered. -

-132-

(

Exarnp

le

I)

The tool Floves li-nearlv

c--/Tool nose center path

c

\

Programmed

path

\I

I \I

IV4, V5 : Interference

l

I

If the tool is stopped by single block operation at block A, the tool center moves to Vr.(Example 2)

\

I\ I or O2

, V6: Interference Y2,Y1 Interference V1 , Vs: No interfereV3

\

i

The tool moves linearly as fo11 ows: T'ooI path: V r +VZ+V7+ VgLv6,

v2

su,L!l

vl

Tool nosecenter path

I'if---

\C

Programmed path

If the tool is stopped by single block operatj.on at block A, the tool center moves to Va. Then puttiig the operatlon into start moves t.he tool to \,7_ or V^. /d

or o:

V

V4, V5 : Interference V3, V6 : Interference V2, V7 : No interfere

-133-

@ If the interference occurs after correction O , the tool is

stopped

wi-th an alarm. If the interference occurs after correction O or if there are only one pair of vectors from the beginning of checking and the vectors interfere, the alarm (No.41) is displayed and the tool is stopped jmmediately after execution of the preceding block. (If the block is executed by the single block operatj-on, the tool is stopped at the end of the block.)Tool nose center pathStopped

v2, v5

:

Interference Interference

v1,v6:

B

After ignoring vectors V, and V5 because of interference, interference also occurs between vectors V1 and V6. The alarm is displayed and the tool is stopped. c) interference is supposed though there is no actual interference Several examples will be given. (!) Depression which is smaller than the offset valueWhenTool center pathProgrammed path Stop

There'is no actual interference, but since the di-rection programmed in block B is opposite to that of the path after cutter compensatlon the tool stops and an alarm is displayed.

-134-

O Groove which is smaller than the offset valueProgrammeYuot g

root Iroot2

*i = frjz-a16rtli='fr42-1;pz

H28

-158-

Q\/cl-pm rl ev-"'

variab#500

1e

Position informationRl ne k end nni nl- n^q'i f i nn nf

Re:d'ino

while movingPossible

Cutter and tool length compensationNot considered. Position of tool nose (program command position)

I

115002

X axis (ABSI0) Block end point position ofY awi q

#500

3

Block end point position of Block end point position of 4th axisX axis coordinate position Y axis coordinate posi.tion Impossible

#5004It502L tf 5022

Considered.roForanoo

#5023 {t5024{t5041

Z axis coordinate position 4th axis coordinate oositionPresent position of X axis(ABS0r)I frnnccl h I a

Position of toolnninl-

(Machine coordinate) Considered.raFaranaa

tt5042

#5043 {ts044#506

Present position of Y axis Present position of Z axis Present position of 4th axis

Position of toolnnini

as ABSOLUTE indication at POS)(Same

I

#5062#50 63tf

Skip signal position of X axis Skip signal position of Y axis Skip si-gnal position of Skip signal position of 4th axisValue of cutter compensation Value of tool length compensation (X axis) Value of tool length compensation (Y axis) Value of tool length compensation (Z axis)

Possible

Considered.roforanno

Position of toolnninf

5064

#508 0

Possible

#508

I

{t5082#5083

(Note !.)

It is not possible to substitute any value into system variabtes /lS00l ro /15083. (Note o\ When the skip signal doesn't turn on, the skip signal position is the end point of that block.

16.2.3 Macro instructions (G65)

Generar I ormG65 Hm e/im

tti ltjItk

Indicates macro functions at 01 to 99. Variable name to which arithmetic result is loaded. Variable name I to be operated. A constant is also acceptable. Variable name 2 to be operated. A constant is also acceptable.

i qili

n/ik;

-r57-

h) Exclusive 0R /fi G6s H13

(Ex.)

= //j .xoR. #k P#i Q/ij Rifk; c65 Hl3 P#l0l Q/i102 R#103; (#I0l = ttroT .XOR. #i03)

r) Square root /ii = /#j G65 H21 P/l j. Q//j; (Ex.) c6s H21 p/ll0r Q/i102; (#l0r = /#ro2)

j)

nUsolute value

/i

(Ex.)

G65 H22 P/li Q/13; G65 H22 p//10r Q//102;

i = l#j

I

(//l0r = l+rozl

k) Remainder lli- = ltj - trunc (/lj///k) x i/k trunc: Discard fractions less than (Ex.)c6s H23 P/li Q/ij Rilk;G65 H23 P//101 Q//102 R//103;BCD to binary /li = G65 H24 P/lr. Q/li; G65 H24 p//l0l Q//102; (iil0r

(//r0r = llt02 - rrunc(lfLOzlltrO3) x ilr03)BIN (//j)

f) Conversion from (Ex.)

= BrN (#102))

m) Conversion from binary to

(Ex.)

G65 H25

BCD i/i = BCD (#j) P#i Q#j; c65 H2s p//r01 Q//r02; (/ir0r = BCD (#102))

n) Conbined multiplication/division (/li x i/j) + //k G6s H26 e;[i Qili ni/k; (Ex.) G65 H26 p/lr0l Q#r02 R/i103; (//10r = (#101 x /i102) +o) combined square roor I lli = {iliT +-tl? G65 H27 P#i Q/ij R#k; (Ex. ) G65 H27 pill0l Q#102 R/i 103; (#101n) rt

/1103)

= ltltoZ2 +

1lLO32

Combined square root 2 11i = /142 - 1S1rz G65 H2B r/ll Q//5 ni/k; (Ex. ) c65 H28 p//r01 Q//102 R//103; (/i 101

= /llL022 - llLnzSrN (#103))

1l

Sine //i = //j . SIN (i/k) (degree unir) c65 H3r P#i q/li n/lk; (Ex.) G65 H31 p//r0r Q//r02 R//r03; (#r0L = llro2COS (#k) (degree unit) G65 H32 e//i qi/t n//r; c65 H32 p//r01 Q/i 102 R//103; (/lr0r

r) Cosine lti = lli(Ex.J)

)

= llr02 cos

(#103) )

Tangent

(Ex.) (rx.;

TAN (//k) (degree unit) cps H33 P//r Q/ii Ri/k; G65 H33 p/ii0r Q#102 R//103; (//l0r =

lli = ltj

#ro2

TAN (#103))

r) Arctangenr lti = ATAN (#j/#k) (degree unit) c65 H34 p//i Q/lj n/lk; (0") c65 H83 Pn Qilj n/lk; n: Sequence number (Ex.) c6s H83 Pr000 Qllr0l R//102; /1101 > ltLO2, go ro N1000#

I01 < ltLO2, go to nexr

Conditional divergence 4 /lj LT /lk () c65 H85 Pn Qilj R/lk; n: SequencE number (Ex. ) c6s H8s P1000 Qi/101 R//i02; //f 0l Z tlI02, go ro N1000 //101 < lll02, go ro nexrG65 H86

C) Conditional divergence 6 /13 LE . #k ( ltI}z, go ro nexrAlarm No. +500

fn

Ql/5

n/tt; n:

SequencE number

h) P/S alarur occurrence c65 H99 Pi; i:(Ex. )I)

G65 H99 PI5;

P/S alarrn 515 occurrence

(Note

If positive numbers were designated as sequence numbers at branch designations, they are searched forward first and then, backward. If negative numbers were designated, they are searched backward first and then, forward. (Note 2) Sequence number can also be designated by variables. (Example) c65 H8l P#100 Q#l0l R//102; When conditions are satisfied, processing branches to the block having the sequence number designated with #100.

- 16l -

16.2.4 Notes on custom macro l) How to input "//"

key is depressed af ter address G, X, Y, Z, R, I, J, K, F, H, M, S, T, P or Q, i/ code is input. 2) It is also possible to give a macro instruction in the I'IDI mode. However, address data other than G65 are not displayed by keying operation. 3) Addresses H, P, Q and R of macro instruction must always be written after G65. Address 0 and N only are writable before G65. 4) Single block Generaliy, the macro instruction block does nor stop even if single block stop is turned on. However, by setting parameter SBKM of parameter No. 0011, it is possible to make single block effective. This is used for macro testing. 5) Variable values can be taken within a range of -232 to 232-t, but they are not displayed correctly, except for -99999999 to 99999999. If they exceed the above range, they are displayed as *ti*?k****. 6) it is possible to nest subprograms up to four tj-mes. 7) Since an integer only is employable as the variable value, in case the operati,on results with decirnal numbers, the figures below decinal point truncated, if an arithmetic result contains a fractj-on part. Particularly be carful with the arithmetic sequence, accordingly. (Ex.) When /1100 = 35, /ll0l = I0, lllo2 = 5 the followlngs results. //110 = /1100 + /lI0l (= 3) #l1l = #110 x #102 (= 15) llr20 = i/100 x /i I02 (: I75) ItL2I = //120 + /i101 (= tl) /tI11 = 15 ard lf L2I = 17 8) The execution time of macro instruction differs according to varj-ous conditions (for example, if the axis is under movement or not). It may be severalwhen l#l Eens msec. on an average.

9) When a custom macro is loaded from a paper tape in the EIA code, '&' code is treated as t'//tt, because there is in no "//t' code in the EIA code.

-162-

Examples of Custom Macro

$.3.1 Bolt hole circle Drill n pieces of, holes Set ref erence Point -(X-0, Y o) at the center of a circle. rtn?r on the circumference of the circle having radius (r), squally divlded.. bY

Jiartittg with angle (a).

Reference

point (X6, Ye)

(n- I )th

hole

\

Present position

X,,, Yn : Coordinate values at the reference point of bolt hole circle. U: Radius r : Starting angle a n : Number of holes I The following variables are used: #500 X coordinate value at reference point (Xo) ii 50r Y coordinate value at reference point (Yn) {t502 Radius (r) #503Starting angle (a) Itso4 Number of holes (n) However, when n > 0, counterclockwise (n pieces) when n < 3, clockwise (-n pieces) The following are used as r.rorks in custom macro: #f00 : Counter showing the drilling of the i-th hole in progress (i) Last value of counter (= l"ll (ie) #10r Angle of the i-th circle (ei) ItLO2 X axis value of rhe i-ch hole (Xi) #t03 Y axis value of the l-th hole (ti) It LOAU

-163-

Custom macroo90

N100 c65 HOr P//100 Q0: c6s H22 P/t101 Qitsoa; N200 G65 H04 P//102 Q//100 R360000; G65 H05 PllLO2 Q/i 102 R/i504; G65 H02 Plfr}z Q#s03 Rillo2 i G65 H32 P//103 Qll502 R/1r02; c6s Ho2 P/1103 Q/1500 Ri/r03; c65 H31 P/1r04 Q/1s02 R/1i02; c6s H02 Pillo4 Q/1s01 R#104 t G90 H00 x#r03 Y/1104;M10;

t0;

instructions are

programmed

as follows:

ie = l"lI

{-n I_U

II)

tJ].=at-

.360o xn

1

Xi=Xo*rCOS (ei) Yi=Yo+rSIN(0i) Positioning to the i-t.h hole Output of hole machining M codeWheni< The command in the next block is read. (' Buffering is executed. That is, the cornmand is decoded to allow irnmediate

e6

executi-on.

@ Immediately after the preceding block is executed, execution of the nexE block can be started. This is because buffering has been executed. I{ereafter, automatic operation can be executed by repeating the st.eps @ to

o

a;\ \v'

5.4

Stopping Automatic OPeration

There are two means to stop the automatic operaLion. One is to command a stop command in a program where the exeeution is to be stopped (See 5.4.1 - 5.4.3) and the other is to stop the operation at any time by pushing an appropriate button on the operator's panel (See 5.4.4 and, 5.4.5).

Cycle operation is stopped after a block containing M00 is executed. When the program is stopped, all exlst.ing modal information remains unchanged as in single block operation. The cycle operation can be restarted by specifying an | NC start. (This differs with the machine tool builder.)

5.4.1

Program stop (M00)

Similarly to M00, cycle operat,ion is stopped af ter a block containing I"10 1 is executed. This code is only effective when the Optional Stop switch on the machine operatorts panel is set to 0N.5.4.3

5.4.2 Optionat stop (M01)

l) This indicates the end of the main program and is necessary to store NC commands from tape to memory. 2) Cycle operation is stopped and the NC unit is reset. (This differs with the machine tool builder.) 3) OnIy M30 The control is rewound to Ehe start of the program in memory operation. (This differs with the machine tool builder. Some machines indicate rewind with M02.)

Program end (M02, M30)

+

t

-259&,

5.4.4 Feed hold When Feed Hold

button on the operatorrs panel is pressed during automatic operation, the tool decelerates to a stop at a time. I Press the feed hold button.Fecd hold lamp lighrs

Ileed hold button

I{hen pressed, the feed hold lamp lights and the cyc.le start lamp turns off.Turns off

t()lAt i) ij-) iii)5.4.5

v

Cycle start

Feeding stops if the tool is moving. Dwell execut.ion stops, if executing. l'1, S, T or B operation continues up to the end of the block.

this tine,

tF

Automatic operation can be stopped and the system can be rnade to the reseE state by using RESET key on the CRT/IDI panel or e*ternal reset signal. 5.5Program Re-start

Reset

'i !i atl!

ilfi

This function specifies Sequency No. of a block to be re-started when a tool is 'broken down or when it is desired to re-start machining operation after a day off, and re-starts the machining operation from that block. It can also be used as a high-speed tape check function. I) When a tool is damaged (P tYPe): a) Press "Feed Hold" to escape the too1, and replace it with a new one. I'iodify the offset amount if it varies. b) Turn the program re-start switch on the machine operation panel 0N. c) Press t'PRGRI'I" to display the present program. d) Find -the program head. Press "RESET". , During memory bperation, select ttAUTOtt mode, and press o t. e) Press P "Sequence No." +, and search t.he block with Sequence No. to be re-starEed. When the same sequence No. appears many times, for examplet when the subprogram is accessed several times in searching Sequence No. in the subprogram, specify the frequency of a block with its sequence No. in upper 4 digits, and specify Sequence No. in lower 4 digits as illustratedbelow.

P.r

2 3 4 0 r 2

3

Frequency Sequence

No.

-260-

time, the upper 4 digits can be onitted. Furtherr the leading zero can be ornitted except Sequence No. when the frequency is specified. f) After completion of block search, the CRT screen is changed to the progran re-start screen.

When the block is the first

FR@Ffi

GA IM1B RESTffiT cDESTtMTIfi) I'fls a1a 6tL @ gls @r9 gv 6 w u4 x L@.m 65wgnwffi Y Ln.w d7? @. w2 @. gLs z L@.@ A&.444 UA 955 ... A A.W (DlSTFr.tCE TO @) ..r r.. r.. 2 x L@.w 3 Y Lg3.@L r gLgL @. s w 4Z e,@. 8...." A.@ 1A

t**''-l t""*".l I '*'-l

l"**l

|

**l

machining re-start posi-tion. The figure at the left side of the axis name shows the order (parameter settj-ng) described later when the tool moves to the re-start posit.iotr. M..... Shows M-code commanded recently 35 tirnes in the past. Shows M-code commanded recently 2 tiures in the past. T..... S ..... Shows S-code command in the last. B' . . . . . Shows B-code command in the 1ast. Display the most previously commanded code in the head. Each code is cleared with the program re-start command and the cycle stalt command in reset condi-

(DESTINATION) shows the position where the machining operation is re-started. (DISTANCE T0 G0) shows the distance between the current tool position and the

tions. g) Turn the program re-start switch OFF. At this time, the figure at the left side of axis name (DISTANCE T0 c0) flickers. h) Check the screen, and if M, S, T or B code should be output, select the MDI rnode, and output M, S, T or B code from MDI. Each code in this case is not displayed on the program re-start screen. During memory operationr select "AUTO" mode, and check that the distance i) of (DISTANCE T0 GO) is correct, and that the tool does not hit against the work and others. If it is about to collide with an obstacle, move the tool manually to the location where it does not collide, then press '?Cyc1e Start" button. At this time, the tool moves to the machining re-start position in the dry run mode by one axis in the order set to the parameters (No. 0124 to OI27), thus re-starting machi.ning operation in succesWhen

2)

re-starting machining operation after the following cases (Q type) polrer is turned OFF once the emergency stop buEton is depressed once the coordinate system is changed after auEomatic operatj-on is previously stopped For example; I When G92 was set from MDI 2 When the coordinate system was shifted 3 When the automatic coordinate sysEem was set by the reference point return 4 When the coordinate system was nodified by "RESET". i) ii) iii)When When When

sion.

-

/h

I

a)

When power Notes )

is turned 0N or emergency stop is released, perform all necessary operati-ons at that time, including the reference point return. (See

b) Move the tool manually to the program starting point (machining start point), and keep the modal data and coordinate system in the same conditions as at the machining start. c) lf necessary, set and modify the offset amount. d) Turn the program re-start SW on the machine operation panel ON. e) Press "PRGRM" to display the program. hhen it is not the specified one, search the specified program. f ) Find the program head. Press t'RESETtt. Du::ing memory operation, select t'AUTOtt mode, and press o t. C) Press Q t'Sequence No.t' +, and search a block with Sequence No. to be re-started. When the same sequence No. appears many times, specify the frequency of a block with its sequence No. in upper 4 digits, and specify Sequency No. in lower 4 digits. h) Upon completion of block searching, the display on the CRT screen is ^L^'.^^l cnangeo +^ tne program re-start screen. Eo i) Turn the program re-start switch OFF. At this time, the figure at the left side of axis name (DISTANCE T0 G0) blinks. j) Check the screen, and select the MDI mode if there are M, S, T or B codes to be specified, and output M, S, T, or B codes from MDI. In this case, each code is not displayed on the program re-start screen. k) During memory operation, return the operation mode to ttAUTO" mode, check that the distance (DISTANCE TO GO) i-s correct, and thar the tool does not LjrL d6qrrlD rrI '^''r-^t a fork and others when moving to the machining re-start position. If it is likely to hit against an obstacle, move the tool manually to the position where it does not collide, then press the cycle start button. At this time, the tool moves to the machining re-start position in the dry run mode by one axj-s in the order preset to the parameters (No. 0124 to 0127). (Note l) Under the following conditions, the program re-starting of P type is not executed. i) l{hen no autornatic operation is performed after power ON. ii) When no automatic operation is performed after releasing the iii)emergency stop. Lhen no automatic operation is performed after the coordinate system is set, modified or shifted (the external work zero point

{* I l*.

t

i

:

offset amount is changed). P/S alarm (No. 9l) for i), ii) above or after releasing P/S alarm (No. 94 ro 97) P/S alarm (No. 94) irtleen the coordinate system is set P/S alarm (No. 95) When the coordinate system is shifted P/S alarm (I{o. 96) When the coordinate system is changed The blocks to which the tool can be correctly returned by the P type program startup are those for which coordinate system is set and modified just before the machining operation is interrupted. (Note 2) When the tool moves to the machining restart position by one axis with type P or Q,lt is possible to stop the tool each at a single block ,after completion of single axis operation. However, it is imposiible to intervene IDI there. l'Ianua1 operation is possible there, but the already returned axis does nof move by the returning operation. (Nntp ?'\ , T)rrrinr -t ----..g searching operation, the tool will not return to a correct machining re-start position if the conditions of input signal and offset amount, etc. are made idential to those for machining. Even with the single block switch 0N, searching operation is continued.

-262-

(Note

4)

Lrrhen

(Noce 5)

(Note 6) (Note7)

"Feed Hold" is applied during searching or when re-setting operation is performed during searching or after searching, re-start Ehe program re-start operation frorn the beginning However, after search completion, resetting operation in the MDI node is according to the parameter No. 045: CLER. When the program re-start SI^l is 0N, the cycle start is ignored. Perform manual operation with "Manual Absolutett ON before and after the machining. As a rule, the t.oo1 cannot be returned to a correct posit |on under the following conditions. i) When the tool is operated manually with "Manual Absolute" OFF. ii) when the tool is operared wich the machine ro6t and Z-axis

(Note 8) (Note 9)

(Note

10)

iii) When the mirror image is used. iv) When the coordinate system is noE set at the beginning of a program in the incremental mode. v) I,rhen manual operation is performed in the course of axis movement for returni-ng operati-on. Vi) When the machine lock is released after directing the program re-start under machine lock conditions. vii) When the program re-start is commanded for a block between the block for skip cutting and subsequent. absolute command b1ock. viii) When the coordinate system is set, modified or shifted after completion of searching operation. However, for (3) above, resetting operation is possible in P type for the ON-OFF switched blocks. At this time, maintain the mirror image signal in the same conditions as during inEerruption. rn any case, it should be noted that no alarm is produced. When no specified block is found, P/S alarro (No. 60) occurs. When a move conmand is given with MDI before axis movement afcer completion of seareh operation, P/S alarn (No. 99) is produced. "RSTR" flashes at the lowermosE part of the CRT. display screen until Ehe last axi-s completes returning after the program re-starE is commanded.

ignored.

(Note I l) When the 4th axis is a rotary axis, the reference point return direction is rr-rr, and G28, G30 or subsequent incremental couunand is given just before a block for which re-start is commanded, the absolute position of 4th axis may deviate 360 degrees. (Note l2) When an absolute pulse coder is provided, no operation for reference poi-nt return is requi-red when poTrer is turned ON or emergency stop isreleased.

5.6 Manual Handle InterruptionThe movement by manual operation of handle can be done by overlapping it wiEh the movement by automatic operation in the automatic operat.ion mode.5.6.1 Handle interrupt oPeration The handle interrupti-on can be done by rotating the manual pulse generator under

the following conditions. l) Mode Other than HANDLE and TEACH IN HANDLE mode. (Norrnal handle feed is done in JOG or TEACH IN JOG mode, if the manual pulse generator is effective. ) 2) Operating condition Operating conditions other than machine lock and interlock. 3) Handle interrupt axis selection signal Llhen Ehe handle interrupt axis selection signal (HIX, Y, Z) is turned on in the axis to which the handle incerrupc is attempEed. (The FANUC PMC is required for inputting this signat.)

-263-

$ 5.6.2 Movement by handle interrupt l) Move amount a xEt:

The move amount by handle Interrupt is determined by the manual Pulse generator scale and the handle feed magnification (xl, xl0, x100). Since the interrupted move 1s not accelerated/decelerated, xl00 magnification is not selectable. The move amount per scale at xl magnification is 0.001 nur (mrn output) or 0.0001 inch (inch output). (Note) This move amount is 0.001 mrTr (nm input) or 0.0001 inch (inch input) inmanual handle feed.

This move amount is overlapped with the move amount by the automatic operation in the automatic operatj-on mode. 2) Relation with various signals The following table indicates the relation between various sienals and the movement by handle interrupt.u r6.rdr

RelationMachi-ne tool does turns on.

l-fachine lock

not

move when

this sisnal

Interlock Mirrorimage

Machine tool does not move when this sienal

turns on.

Interrupt functions on the plus direction by plus direction command, even if this signal turns on.

3)

Relation with various posirion display The following table shows the relation between various position disolav data and the movenent by handle interruDt.Display

Relation

Absolute coordinate value

Interrupt pulses are not added. Interrupt pulses are notadded.

Relative coordinate valueMaehine coordinate value

Interrlrpt pulses are added.

4) Display of move amount by handle lnterrupt If the handle interrupt function is provided, one page of position display screen is added, and the move amount by the handle interrupt is displaved on *t^ l, +L LrlE aLrI -^-^ PdEE. The following 4 kinds of data are displayed concurrently on the handle interrupt move anount display page. a) Handle interrupt move amount in i-nput unit systeur (rNpur uNrr) b) Handle interrupt move amount in output unit system (OUTpUT UNIT) c) Position in relative coordinate system (RELATIVE)

{.r.

?

*

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:5i

E 5 ?

d) Residual move amount

(DISTANCE TO GO)

HANDLE INTERRUPTION

02000 N0150(OUTPUT IJNIT)

(INPUT UNIT)

x r.0000 Y 0.0000 z -0.3937 (RELATIVE) x 10.2468 Y -5.9713 z 2.3358BUF AUTO

x 25.400 Y 0.000 z -10.000 (DISTANCE TO GO) x 5.9706 Y -13.4680 z 0.0000

The handle interrupt move amount ls cleared r"rhen the low speed reference point return ends every axis.

l[hen the lnput unit and output unit are different from each other, the machlne coordinate value (MACHINE) does not always become 0 when the high-speed reference point return (G28) i-s executed on the axis in which the handle interrupt move amount is not 0. However, the reference polnt return end signal is output even ln such a case. (The devtation of the nachine coordinate value is maximum 2 pulses when the high-speed reference point return ends.) If the handle interrupt ls done during the reference polnt return, lt is possible that the reference point return end signal ls output, even if the nachine tool does not return to the correct reference point yet.

5.6.3

High-speed reference point return of handle interrupt axis

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6. 6.1

TEST OPERATION

t

I

AllAxes Machine Lock

When

the switch is set to the MACHINE LOCK position, move conmand pulses are suppressed. Consequently, the position dlsplay is updated as specified by the program, but the tool does not move. This function is used to check a program.OFFDISPLAY LOCK MACHINE LOCK

Display Iock/machine lock switch

(Note 1) When a G27, G28 or G30 command ls specified, the tool does not go to the reference point and the REFERENCE POINT RETURN COMPLETION LED does noE go on. (Note 2) The M, S, T and 2nd auxl-liary function (B) are executed.

6.2

Machine Lock on Each Axis (Z-axis only)

When

the switch is set to 0N position, the axis does not move during manual/ automatlc operation.,r Position display updat.es as if the axis were moving.

SINGLE BLOCK

Machine lock on each axis (Z-axis)

6.3 Auxiliary FunctionWhen

Lock

the Auxiliary function lock switch is turned on, on the machine operatorts panel, M, S, T and B function operations are locked. This switch is used to check a program together with a machine lock switch. (Note) M00, Mol, M02, M30, M98 and M99 are executed, even if the switch is on.

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6.4

Feedrate Override

With this dlal, it ls posslble to overri-de the feedrate designatdd by the program.

Feed Rate Override dial

Feed Rate Override dial

An override of 0 to l50Z can be applied. (Note 1) In some machines, thi.s switch is common to the jog feedrate switch.

6.5

Rapid Traverse Override

The rapid traverse override switch of lO0"A, 502, 25il and, Fo is provided. When the rapid traverse rate is 10 n/min and this dial ls set to 50y", actual rate becomes 5 n/nin, t'Fo" is a constant value specified by the mnchine tool_ builder.

Thls function is available in the following movements. t) Rapid traverse by G00 2) Rapid traverse durlng canned cycle. 3) Rapld traverse in G27 and G28. 4) Manual rapld traverse. 5) Rapid traverse in manual reference point return.

RAPID TRAVERSE OVERRIDE

6.6

Dry Run

I

If thls sv/irch is set to ON in the Cycle Operatlon, the feed rate specified the progran is ignored and becomes as follows:OFF

by

DRY RUN switch

Rapid traverse burton Rapid traverse button Rapid traverse button (Note

PrograuON/Opf'

Conrmand

Rapid traverse0NOFF

Cuttlng feedI'Iax.1) JOGJOG

Rapid traverseJOG

feed rate

feed rare (Note

feed rate

l) ThisRDRN

speed can be ser to the rapid traverse rate by settlng paraneter No. 0001.

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6.7 Single BlockThis function stops the machine after executing one block of the program. t) Set the single block switch to ON.OFF

Single block

block of the program is executed, and then the execution is stopped. If the cycle start button is pressed, the next block is executed and then the execution is stopped again.One

(Note 1) For G28 and G30, the single block function is effective at an lntermediate point (Note 2) I! a canned cycle, the single block stop points are the end of O, @, and (0 shown below. When rhe single block function is eFfective a-points O or @, the feed hold lamp lights.F------t!)

+?(D

@

G)l

t,A I'

/A

I

- .-

Rapid traverse

.'-..-..-..-------.-...* Feed

(Note 3) Single block stop is not performed in blocks conraining M98P_; M99; and G65. However, single block stop is even perforrned in a block with M9BP or M99 command, if the block contains an address other than O, Nir P.

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7.

SAFETY FUNCTIONS

7.1 Emergency Stop

If

movement

you press Emergency Stop button on the machine operatorts panel, the rnaghins stops in a movement.

EMERGENCY STOP

This button ls locked when pressed. Although it varles wlth the machlne tool builder, the button can usuaily be unlocked b-y twisting Lt. (Note 1) EI"IERGENCY sroP interrupts the current to the motor. (Note 2) Causes cjf trouble must be removed before the button ls released. 7.2 OvertavelWhen

the tool tries to move beyond the stroke end set by the nachine tool linit switch' or when lt enters , the stored stroke linit inhlbltion area spectfled by the setting data or the program, an OVER TRAVEL ls dl.splayed and the tool slows down and stoPs. In this case, press the reset button to reset the alarrn after moving the tool to the 'safety directlon by manual operation. For detalls on operation, refer to the operatorfs manual of the machine tool bullder.

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8. WHEN ALARM 4RlsEs*Check the following items i-f normal operation cannot be done. 1) h''hen error code is displayed on the CRT

If an error code is displayed, refer to APPENDIX 9 "List of Error Codes" to check the cause of the error. If the error number ranges frorn 000 t'o 128, the error is related to the program or setEing data. Correct the program or the setting data. 2) When no error code is displayed on the CRT There are cases in which the system is executing some process and it seems like the machine operation is stopping. Refer to Maintenance Volume, Section 2.4 rrCNC slatus display". 3) Refer to Maintenance Volume, Chapter 2 "Troubleshootingrr.

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$ ttt.tt '

9.

PART PROGRAM STORAGE