Fangyu Li

Chongqing University, Chongqing, China;High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Science;

Hefei,China;Zhongshan University, Guangzhou, China;

后希格斯与普郎克粒子物理与宇宙学国际研讨会（重庆邮电大学， 2013 年 9 月） 1

研究团队

高频引力波探测

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Outline

1.Background and Motivation

2.Detection systems for cosmological high-frequency gravitational waves

3.Challenge and Opportunity

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Kip Thorne High-frequency gravitational waves is defined as the GWs

having frequencies in excess of 100kHz. (Cambridge university press, Cambridge, 98, 1979)

L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifishitz Since it has definite energy, the gravitational waves is itself

the source of some additional gravitational field… its field is a second-order effect… but in the case of high-frequency gravitational waves the effect is significantly strengthened….

(the Classical Theory of Fields, on page 372, 1975)

By Prof. Ni Wei-Tou

引力波频谱 我们的目标：在高频段（ 109 Hz to 1012 Hz ）实现引力波的直接探测！

[1] B. P. Abbott et al., Nature (London) 460, 990 (2009) ； [2] M. Gasperini and G. Veneziano, Phys. Rep. 373, 1 (2003)

[3] M. Giovannini, Phys. Rev. D 60, 123511 (1999) ； [4] M. Giovannini, Class. Quantum Grav. 26, 045004 (2009)

[5] F. Y. Li, et al., Phys. Rev. D 67, 104008 (2003). [6] J. Li, et al., Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 43, 2209 (2011).6

10-20 10-15 10-10 105 101510-5

Frequency, Hz

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[1] C. Clarkson and S. S. Seahra, Class. Quantum Grav. 24, F33 (2007).

[2] S. S. Seahra, C. Clarkson, and R. Maartens, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 121302 (2005).

[3] A. M. Cruise, Class. Quantum Grav. 17, 2525 (2000).

[4] R. Ballantini et al., arXiv:gr-qc/0502054 (2005).

[5] A. Nishizawa et al., Phys. Rev. D 77, 022002 (2008).

[6] F. Y. Li and and R. M. L. Baker, Jr., Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 21, 3274 (2007)

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HFRGWs in the quintessential inflationary models

h~10-30-10-32 ν~109-1010HzStochastic Background

HFRGWs in the Pre-Big-Bang Molels

h~10-29-10-33 ν~107-1010Hz Stochastic Background

Astrophysical plasma oscillation

h~10-27-10-34 ν~109Hz to 1012Hz on the Earth

Large Hadron Collider (LHC)

h~10-39-10-40 ν~1021Hz to 1023Hzon the Oscillation Center

Brane Oscillation Scenarios

h~10-21-10-25 ν~109-1014HzDiscrete Spectrum,

on the Earth

Birmingham University, Birmingham, England

h ~ 10-16 to 10-20

~108 Hz

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h ~ 10-22 to 10-23

~108 Hz

Coupling system of superconducting microwave cavities

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依托与本项目的参与单位中科院强磁场科学中心，该中心承担了“十一五”国家大科学工程“稳态强磁场实验装置”项目。

The High Magnetic Field Laboratory

has the ability to construct a high

superconducting magnet of 45 Tesla.

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A group of our team has the weak photon flux detector with high sensitivity in level of single photon detection.

无液氦稀释制冷机系统（基础温度达到 10mK ） 单光子探测与操纵实验系统

(1) (1)*

0

1Re ( )

2yx

x ye e

in E

y x

yy

(0)0 1

2 1/2 20

ˆ ( )1

4 [1 ( / ) ] ( / )

y g

e

A B k y z l

z f z f z y 2 (0)

0 112 2 3/ 2

0 0

ˆ ( )sin tan

2 2 [1 ( / ) ]g yk r A B y z lz

R f W z f

y

2 (0) 22 20 11 1

12 2 2 1/20

ˆ ( )1 4cos tan exp 1 ( )sin tan

2 4 [1 ( / ) ] 2

g y g g

e

k r A B k z l k xz r x zF y

R f W W R z f R f y

2 2 (0) 20 11 2 1

2 12 2 4 2 1/ 20

ˆ ( )2 1( )cos tan ( ) cos tan

2 4 [1 ( / ) ] 2g g y gk x k A B z l k xz z

F y x F yR f W R W z f R f

y

2 21

2 2( )sin tan exp

2

gk x z xF y

R f W

22

1 2( ) exp( )cos( ) ,

2gk yy

F y dyW R

22

2 2( ) exp( )sin( ) ,

2gk yy

F y dyW R

where

,

F.Y.Li et al., Phys.Rev.D 67, 104008(2003); F.Y.Li et al., Phys.Rev.D, 80, 064013(2009):

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Because the PPFs and the BPFs in the local regions have very different physical behaviors (distribution, propagation direction, decay rate, polarization, wave impedance, etc), it would provide a novel way distinguishing the PPFs and the BPFs.

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F.Y.Li, R.M.L. Baker, Z.Y.Fang, G.V.Stephenson and Z.Y.Chen, Euro.Phys.J.C 56, 407 (2008)

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y

x

y

x (b)

(a)B < 0 B > 0

Left-handed swirl Right-handed swirl

“Left-hand circular” wave “Right-hand circular” wave

y

x

y

x(b)

(a)B < 0 B > 0

Left-handed swirl Right-handed swirl

“Left-hand circular” wave “Right-hand circular” wave

R.R.Caldwell et al., Phys.Rev.D 59,27101(1999) L.Krauss et al., Science 328, 989 (2010)

F.Y.Li et al., Phys.Rev.D 67, 104008(2003)

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Noise: Background photon noise, thermal noise, shot noise, Johnson noise, preamplifier noise, quantization noise, mechanical noise etc.Diffraction DispersionGeneration of high-quality GBOptimization combination of systemand so on

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Because of fast development of relative technology, they provide wide improvement room. These new technology and harvest include ultra-high sensitivity microwave photon detectors, generation of super strong static magnetic fields, superconductors, nanotechnology, high-quality factor microwave cavities, cryogenic technology, strong microwave beam technology, high-energy laboratory astrophysics,etc.

They offered technically possibilities

This subject might become a reality!

Observation frequencies will be from very broad range (10-17 Hz to 1014 Hz)

Thank you ！

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