Fall Fertilization

THIRD-And last, bad spots on the fairways are ap-parent and are sure to receive attention in the

FIRST-Maintenance work is at its lowest in the fallas compared with the spring or summer monthsand fertlizing can be done with labor that wouldotherwise represent idle time. From an eco-nomical stand poin t the plan is ideal.

SECOND-More hardy growth is developed. Fallfertlizers will, as a rule, stimulate the root systemwithout promoting abnormal growth, to the ex-tent that there is less winter kill. The real bene-fit, however, comes when the frost and the raindissolve the fertilizers and work them deeperin to the soil, thereby encouraging a deeper andmore hardy root system rather than a shallowturf which is an inevitable result when fertilizersare on top of the soil rather than in it.

By ALEX BINNIE, Greellkeeper

Shoreacres Golf Club, Lake Bluff, Ill., and Chairman of the Editorial Council of theNational Greenkeeper

IN MY OpInIOn, anybudget that fails to pro-vide for an annual appro-priation for fairway ferti-lization is incomplete. Itis essential for the propermaintenance of any golfcourse. The plan whichwe have adopted, our rea-sons and methods for theapplication of fertilizers,and the results which we

ALEX BINNIE0111' of Aml'rica's foremost have obtained are au t-

gr/'l'lIkeepm. lined below.In the first place, I am a firn1 believer in fall

fertilization. It has many advantages over springfertilization or haphazard methods. I mightenumerate a few:

BRING BACK YOURGREENS with the ... COLUMBIA PERFORATORProperly fed grass makes better and more substantial greens.Now, more than ever, your greens need the Columbia Per-forator to keep the traffic lanes open for the transportationof the three vital elements - Air Water and Plant Food.

Turf may be perforated to a depth of 2% inches withoutmarring the surface, due to the exclusive vertical motionof the kn ives. Deepest cut means greatest penetration andbest results. CIl « « « For further information, \vrite

PHilADELPHIA TORO COMPANY, 1532 Belfield Ave., Philadelphia, Pa.

September, 1931 11

12 T be National Greenkee per September, 1931

fall, whereas, some are apt to be forgotten in thespnng.As I mentioned before, our plan contemplates an

annual appropriation for fairway fertilization. Wedo not attempt to fertilize all fairways in anyoneyear, but rather to cover a few each year, neveroverlooking any spot on the entire course that is notup to standard even though it is necessary to treatit each season.

And also we do not broadcast fertilizers with aprayer on our lips. The fairways are disced and re-disced and the fertilizers worked well into the soil.

The results which we have obtained have beenvery satisfactory. We have good fairways-nowin ter kill-our turf has a splendid root system-and our grasses are hardy. Our fairways are cutthree times each week. \Vhy shouldn't I believe infall fertilization?

Fall •

in the Fertilizer Program

A CODlplete FertilizerA COlllplete HUlDUS ..

"fllllf' .. DU .. II .. OW I...

PROCESSEDPEAT MOSS

CCJN MANURE BEDDINGDEHYDRATED

Combined intoone product ~at One Price! t

Where most fertilizers use dirt andother useless waste to create theirbulk, Driconure is pure, weed free,concentrated, cow manure - andpeat moss humus. Every particleworks to create increased fertility.Investigate I You'll find it bothbetter and less expensive - a rarecombination.

Atkins & Durbrow, Inc.K-165 John St. NEW YORK, N. Y.

By M. E. FARNHAM, Secretary and Greenkee perPhiladelphia Country Club

CJ'o THE relief of most of us concerned with the existing turf, reseeding is of doubtful value. Themaintenance of turf at present-day golf course difficulty of preparing any suitable seed-bed andstandards, Summer with its excesses will soon be the fact that it is seldom practical to put golf turfpast. The advent of Fall offers the opportunity to out of play are factors which reseeded turf has torepair the ravages of the Summer and, perhaps to contend with. Logically then, practically the entirestart a program which may help to minimize the problem of turf improvement resolves itself intoprobability of past troubles recurring. one of fertilization.

It is becoming universally recognized that, on It is my opinion that the entire problem of turffertilization is an open question at present. In factit may and probably will continue as such. Eachyear sees more controlled experimental work beingcarried on. Some bemoan the seeming duplicationof much of this work. However, we will never seethe day when such work is being carried on under asdiverse conditions of soil and climate as those rep-resented by the golf courses of the country.

Nevertheless, it is essential to have some basicfertilizer program to insure the maintenance or im-provemen t of turf as the case may be. This pro-gram may be varied as conditions, experience, oradditional knowledge warrant.

At the Pennsylvania State College there are pas-ture fertilizer plots which are the oldest in thecountry. These plots were originally planted to amixture of grasses and clovers including red top,Kentucky blue grass, and white clover. The ferti-lizer treatments have been the same during the lif~of the plots.

\Vhile it is granted that the conditions on theseplots do not duplicate golf turf the results are veryvaluable. At this location, the plots which havereceived ground limestone, nitrogen, and an abund-ance of phosphoric acid now have fine stands ofblue grass. As soon as potash is used, even in small

September, 1931 T be National Greenkee per 13

amounts, the clovers become prominent. It is rec-ognized, however, that even in some parts of Penn-sylvania, some soils are deficient in potash and re-quire the use of it.

Based on the above-mentioned plots, the Penn-sylvania State College recommends as follows:

GREENS: Nitrogen, 2lbs. per year in five applica-tions per 1000 sq. ft. Phosphoric Acid, 32 lbs.per acre, early in Spring. Ground Limestone,1Y2 tons per acre once in five years.If Sulphate of Ammonia is used as the source ofNitrogen, every 100 lbs. used requires the use of75. lbs. of ground limestone to neutralize theeffects.

FAIRWAYS: Nitrogen, 60 lbs. per acre in two ap-plications. Phosphoric Acid, 32 lbs. per acre inSpring. Ground Limestone, 1 ton per acre oncein five years.

These recommendations are an excellent basis fora fertilizer program for similar conditions. Theyare not by any means the final solution of the prob-lem. That is up to each individual to develop for hisown conditions and perhaps to vary for differentportions of a course, or in view of past trea tmen ts.

The seasonal nature of any fertilizer programmay well vary under different conditions. Springfertilization is undoubtedly important. However,I feel that where Summer conditions are severe andcrab grass is a problem that Fall fertilization takeson added significance.

My program is to use inorganic materials mainlyin the Spring cutting down amounts decidedly asJuly approaches. In this way the turf goes into thetrying Summer season in a fairly hardy conditionand is less susceptible to various ills. Also, there isno abundance of food available for weed food. AsSeptember approaches looks can again receive at-tention. I venture the opinion that too much con-cern about color of turf often results disastrouslyduring trying Summers.

I shall not attempt to argue the question of or-ganic vs. inorganic fertilizers for use in the Fall. Ifeel there is a place in the program for each. Con-sider how much of each food element is needed andmake applications accordingly. Do not use ((X"fertilizer and consider it cheap because only 200pounds are recommended per acre when actuallyyou should use 1000 pounds to get enough nitrogen.

It is probable that Calcium, Phosphorus, and anynecessary Potash can well be applied in early Spring.That resloves the Fall fertilizer program to onelargely of Nitrogen unless the other elements havebeen deficient in the earlier program.

Relatively few greens suffer from starvation.This can not be said of fairways. Having decidedas to requirements by all means get to work on theFall fertilization and do not forget the fairways,especially at this season.

PACKEDfor Protection-Preservation-Iden tificat ion

Now packed in 50-lb. tin canisters, ene/osed in strong wooden boxes

Two Outstanding BentsCocoos Creeping Bent

This is the Bent that has made California greens famous nowin use from Coast to Coast. \Vhile Cocoos is botanically knownas Agrostis maritima, it should be borne in mind that all strainsof Agrostis maritima are not Cocoos Bent.

We offer the true Cocoos Bent, the finest of the Agrostis mari-tima grasses - over 99% pure.

1 lb. $2.50, 10 lbs. $22.50, 100 lbs. $200.00

Triple A BentThis is a comparatively new strain of Agrostis capillaris that

produces turf of the same beautiful color and texture as VelvetBent. The seed we offer has been remachined for the eliminationof weed seeds and has a purity of over 99%. It has been an out-standing plot at our trial grounds.

1 lb. $2.25, 10 lbs. $20.00, 100 lbs. $185.00

Other Turf Grasses of Known QualitySouth German Bent Colonial Bent Fancy Red Top

Chewln~'s N. Z. Fescue Kentucky Blue Rou~h Stalked MeadowSpecial Bent Formulas for Puttin~ Greens and Fairways

Remember-All our s~~ds ar~ of the high~st quality, obtain~d dir~ct from th~ mostr~liabl~ sOllrc~s of supply and ar~ botanically true to name. All se~ds are new andare .c1~an~d and r.~c1e!,nedunt}1 they ar~. brouj:ht up to the highest possible state ofpunty and germmatlOn, speCial care bemg given to the elimination of weed seeds.

Write Jar our Special Prices to Golf Clubs. on yourrequirements of grass seeds for Fall Work.

d/mnjJp(l1lJotkr~Specialists in Golf Grass Seeds and Equipment

30-32 Barclay St., New York

Hujfalo Country Club Where the Women's National Championship will be

played in September

No. 11—390 yards—view shows second shot across deep gully with carry of about 150 yards from the edge.

No. 13—53 5 yards—Dogleg to right to elevated green.

14 September, 1931

gREENKEEPING-TODAY and TOMORROW

By PROFESSOR LA \'fRENCE S. DICKINSONAssistan t Professor of Horticulture, Massachusetts State College;Professor in charge of Greenkeepers' School, Massachusetts StateCollege; Honorary Member of the National Association of Greenkeepers

of America.

CHAPTER VII-THE PROBLEM OF FACTORY AL TERAnONS

IN COMMERCIAL manufacturing, factory altera-tions are made with the express purpose of reducingoperating and manufacturing costs. The manufac-turer figures very carefully before ordering thealtera tions to be made; he knows the cost and netsaving to be expected. The alterations are made fortwo purposes: one, to increase profits, and two, tomore successfully meet competition.

The golf course (factory) alters its course orintroduces devices, in order that the course may be amore severe test of golf, be sportier, and «more likeother courses" to more successfully meet competi-tion. The effect upon the game of golf is the primemotive for the alterations, and seldom is properconsideration given to the quality' of the playinggrounds. Later, however, it is realized that thequality of the playing grounds is more importantthan the sportiness of the course. An automobilewith a beautifully lined body, appeals to the buyer,but it is the quality of the chassis and power plantthat make for comfort and low operating cost.

\XThen planning factory alterations, definitespecifications can be made, carried out, and previ-ously determined results obtained. The shoe willbe manufactured for 27c less while its quality re-mains the same. \XThen planning for golf coursealterations definite specifications can be made, theycan be reasonably well carried out, but the resultscannot be guaranteed, for the materials used in thealterations (except chemicals) deal with nature,contain living organisms. Also there is an oppor-tunity for differences in opinion as to the interpre-tation of specifications. Oak is oak, but sandy loam,

September, 1931

while it has specifications set down by agronomists,may be sandy loam to you and not to me. Further-more the agronomist's specification leaves consid-erable chance for variation.

COST OF COURSE ALTERATIONS UNCERTAIN

CONTRACTORS bidding for factory alterations donot estimate, they bid-bid on reasonable definte-ness and take their chances on profit or loss. Theyeven have an inspector over them at all times. Golfcourse architeots and contractors, have learnedbetter than to bid; they estimate. In many in-stances if there is a chance that a competitor is goingto get the job, the estimate is lowered, lowered to aridiculously low figure to one who is familiar withgolf course construction.

Green committees not having had practical ex-perience in landscape construction, accept the lowestimate. Result! Work two-thirds to three-quar-ters done, at a stage where it would be unwise not tocom plete the project. The estima ted cost is reachedand the appropriation has been entirely used.

The Green committee, or executive committeeis left with two choices, either «finish it off ascheaply as possible, and get to playing on the newgreens," or procure additional funds and completethe job correctly. Are there many executive conl-mittees that have the nerve to face a club andadmit that they were ((sucked in." No!! The jobis usually finished off as cheaply as possible and fre-quently the additional money comes from thegreenkeeper's budget. Furthermore it is unethicalto have an inspector over golf course alterations.

15

16 T be Natiol1al Greel1kee per September, 1931

Concealed or /'o,J-Up Tee S,Jrinkler

W'endeU P. Miller 8 AssociatesCONSULTING ENGINEERS

DRAINAGESoil technology-the field and laboratory

examination of soils-and the interpretation andpractical application of these to turfing. If youdoubt the wisdom of your expenditures for soilconditioning and fertilization, or if you have asoils problem to solve, send for a Miller engineer.

Having ((finished it off as cheaply as possible" theclub now has on its hand a factory alteration thatbecause of poor construction will greatly increasethe cost of producing good golfing turf. The in-creased cost is very likely forced upon the green-keeper with no budget increase, ((because the alter-ations cost so much we cannot afford to increase thebudget." The result is bound to be a lower mainte-nance standard, or a fired greenkeeper, which isworse.

EPIDEMIC OF LOW ESTIMATES

IHAVE spent considerable time discussing thecomparison between factory alterations and golfcourse alterations, because at the present time thereis a serious epide'JIJ.ic of low estimating golf coursearchitects. The attack is general throughout thecountry and the resultant disease appears to be con-tagious. The cost of such type of construction togolf courses is far greater than the cost to combatbrown patch, Jap beetle, sod webworm, and zonate,eye spot combined.

Of course, all golf architects do not under-esti-mate the cost of course alterations. Let us considerthe effect of course (factory) alterations on anactual course, the alterations being made within theestimate and well done. Six greens were involved,new ones were constructed or old ones enlarged.The facts are as follows:

Maintenance budget, $18,000.

6 greens enlarged from 5500 sq. ft. to 7500sq. ft. or 360/0'

6 greens is 33 1/3 % of 18 greens.

Net increase in green size 33 X 360/0 or 120/0approximately.

Net increase in cost of fertilizer for greens,120/0'

Net increase in cost of chemicals for greens,120/0'

Net increase in cost of top dressing forgreens, 12 %.

Etc., Etc., Etc., Etc., 12 0/0.

Labor on above operations will not be increased120/0, a fair estimate is 8%. Combining the two,materials and labor, it is conservative to say the totalnet increase to greens maintenance cost would be10 0/0' This is arrived at after a careful checking ofcosts.

Chicago

SOIL EXAMINATIONSFERTILIZATION PROBLEMS

Drainage of difficult soils demands the highestdegree of engineering skill, experience, and soilstechnology. The reputation of Miller engineeringwas first established in the successful solution oCintricate drainagc problems. When your drainagesystem Cails, or if you are planning substantialdrainage construction, you ean give finality tothis facility by haloing Miller engineers designyour work.

TOPOGRAPHICAL MAPPINGGolf courses require accurate topographical

maps to record every detail of the course facilities.The dilineation peculiarly required for golf topog-raphy is best portrayed by Miller engineers whoare used to ground and aerial-ground mappingfor drainage, irrigation, and layout. If )'OU lackcompletc maps, write Miller for prices.

WATER SUPPLYThe water supply requires careful engineering

to secure low cost water. Long experience indel'eloping water supplies under widely diverseconditions has peculiarly fitted the Miller organ-ization to cope with the h)'draulics and eco-nomics of your water supply.

LOW COST IRRIGATIONThe l\liller one-man hoseless, tee, green and

Cairwa)' water systems cost little more to con-struct (iC any) than good hose systems. If youare contemplating fairway irrigation, we suggestthat you consult with Miller engineers in orderto secure the most and best Coryour money, andavoid the mistakes conlmon to locally engineeredprojects.

"TROUBLE SHOOTING"For over ten years the Miller organization has

carried on an advisory maintenance and consulta-tion service, meeting and ol'ercoming trouble-some turC situations. When you hal'e on handtrouble which is likely to prove emharrassing,write, phone or wire Cor

Special EngineeringService

For Turled Areas

2/i West End Ave., New York

- Soil Technologi8t8 -

105 West Monroe St.

September, 1931 T be 1\T atiollal Greellkee per 17

RECENT SURVEYS SHOW COST OF MAINTENANCE

FROM surveys recently conducted, we learn thatthe average 18-hole golf course spends 37% of thetotal budget on the greens. To maintain the pre-vious standard the course under considerationshould spend in 1931, 370/0 plus (100/0 of 370/0) or40.7% of its budget on ~hegreens.

370/0 of $18,000=$6660.00 amount ex-pended in 1930.

40.70/0 of $18,000= $7326.00, amount thatshould be expended in 1931.

Difference, $566.00.Therefore, $566.00 represents the annual addi-

tional maintenance cost that the factory alterationseffected. This argument is not based upon theory,but hard cold figures and facts. It is doubtful ifcommitteemen think of course alterations in suchan unenthusiastic way.

The simplest way to take care of this $5 66.00item is to employ less labor or use labor-saving ma-chinery. The latter involves an additional cost, forif the labor-saving machinery was present beforethe alterations the increased cost would still be$566.00. There is a big question whether Hlabor-

saving" machinery can really save that much. Lesslabor means lower standards.

Can increased efficiency on the greenkeeper'spart be expected to save on the greens alone morethan 20% of the $566.00? No! Can devices suchas a new bridge, new path or gasoline go-cart, beexpected to save another 200/0' No!! The clubshould increase the maintenance budget by at least$450.00 and preferably $500.00 and expect thegreenkeeper to keep the standard of maintenanceor improve it.

OH! I neglected to state that because of thecourse (factory) alterations, greensmen are obligedto walk approximately 1000 feet further betweengreens each day. Let's see how much that figures.Average for the various operations (very conserva-tive) 10 times a week for 32 weeks, April-Octoberinclusive, 1000XI0X32+5280=66 2/3 miles.Three miles per hour equals 22 hours plus. Thisitem is one of the few that make up the cost of golfcourse maintenance. It is included in the 100/0additional cost required by course alterations.

The example cited is one of many that could bedemonstrated. The matter of fairway water system

.(

EveryGolf Club needs a

To.-oDel Monte

Greells Rakeas part of regular

equipment

For removing the grain from creeping bent or Bermuda grass putting greens ... also forraking up the matted grass so the mower can cut it properly ••• the Del Monte GreensRake is an exceedingly handy tool. Thirty inches wide ••• a large green can be coveredquickly. Spring steel teeth, 1/2 inch apart. Pressure can be regulated by operator. Use it

regularly to prevent graining and maintain a true putting surface.

Write for complete catalog of Toro Equipment

t.Toro Manufacturing CO.,3041...3160 Snelling Ave., Minneapolis, Minn.Service Stations at_New York,. N.Y., . Philadelphia, Po.,. Newton, Mass., Yonkers, N.Y., Syracuse, N.Y., Troy, N.Y.,I" San .Franclsco, Cahf., Los Angeles, Cahf., Jacksonville, FIo .. Cleveland, Ohio, Chicago,l1l., Detroit, Michnd18napohs, Ind., Des MOines, Iowa, Konsas City, Mo., Dallas Texas Toronto Ont Can W" M"C I " ,.,., Innlpeg an

a gary, Alto., Can., Buenos Aires, S.A., Hamburg, Germany. H. R. Jahn. Export Distributor. N. Y. ' .,---------.~-----------

18 The N a/iollal Greellkee per September, 1931

increases the mowing costs, and increasing the num-ber of traps is a decided added financial burden tothe maintenance budget.

Well, what of it! We get our added (?) fun.Sure we do, but we don't pay the fiddler or the jani-tor and by and by the old dance floor gets weak,splin tery, and dusty and the nlusic off key and theice cream is sour. Then we move to another dancehall.

Seriously, if the alterations are justifiable theyare worthy of being maintained. Make them, andenjoy them, but realize that golf course alterationsare seldom made to decrease the cost of golfing; sogive the greenkeeper sufficient additional funds forproper main tenance.

Next r1110ntb-Cbapter VIII-UnderstaJ/dingand interpretatioJ/ of costs.

CompostBy COLONEL JOHN MORLEY

COMPOST as it is generally known contains a lib-eral amount of organic matter, especially when it ismade of sods and other vegetable matter as well as afair supply of stable manures (free from woodshavings), and a couple of layers of sharp sand.

Compost is made for two principal reasons. First,to breed into the soils nitrofying bacteria. Thesebacteria take the organic materials which the com-post contains, helps to decompose them and releasesthe various fertilizing elements, so that when theyare applied to the soil intended to be topdressed theybecome immediately available as plant food for thegrass.

Second, to create a good porous soil. In order tohasten nitrification a small quantity of lime orsulphate of ammonia should be used. This producesheat that helps to hasten fermentation. In order tocheck nitrogen from escaping or leaching out of acompost pile both sides and both ends should be wellprotected with sods. The top of the pile shouldconsist of a layer of sharp sand so that water canenter and penetrate more freely into the soil.

In making compost we should remember that theproductiveness of any soils for grasses is determinedin a very large degree by the amount of water it canhold, and by the manner in which it is held. Andalso by the facility and completeness with which thegrass plants growing in it are able to withdraw thatwater for their use as it is needed.

Grass SeedFertilizersRollersDistributors.Buckner SprinklersToro EquipmentMilorganiteArsenate of Lead

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Morgan-Huron-Superior Sts.CHICAGO, ILL.

@ ReI:. J 0 J Inc. 1928

II IIDO IT NOW!Prepare to Give Your Fairways

REAL IRRIGATIONThat's what counts. Irregular watering, unevenlydistributed, cannot keep grass in its best conditionthrough the hot, dry months. But there is a way todo it. Water your Fairways with Buckner Sprinklers.They cost no more than the other hose sprinklers,and quickly save the cost through cutting downlabor and water bills.

Players will thank the men responsible For the vel-vety, verdant Fairways and greens which will betheirs continually thereafter.

WRITE FOR CATALOG. NO OBLIGATION

BUCKNERMANUFACTURING CO.

Fresno, CaliFornia

FACTORY REPRESENT A TlVESP. L. B.ldoclc, 2240 Cllsltas Strut, PIISIIdenll

Gordon Buclcner, Athens Athletic Club, OlllclllndBuclcner Irrlglltion Com pliny , Nixon Building, Chicllgo

EASTERN ENGINEERING REPRESENTATIVESWendell P. Miller & Associlltn, 105 West Monroe Street, Chicllgo

The Beech,-" One of the N ablest TreesBy L. C. BREED

State-Sealed and Certified

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~OOS.~OUNTY

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EASTEHN J)EALEHS MA Y SECUln~ SPOTDELIVEHY IN NEW YOHK CITY-CALL

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fromPutting Green })roblenlS

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----PLANT----

ruddy brown and they catch the red rays of thewestering sun, the tree appears to be turned into ablazing fire.

The drip of the beech destroys most of the soil-exhausting weeds, its shade protects the soil fromover-evaporation, and the heavy crops of leaves en-riches it by their decomposition. The leaves are richin potash and as they readily decay they produce anadmirable humus.

Since our trees are leafless nearly one-half theyear, the beech has a great appeal owing to its win-ter beauty which is only equalled, though not sur-passed, by that of the elm. Then, the sinewystrength of its trunk is n10st evident, the white ofits bark is the clearest, the structure of its noble headis most apparent, and the fine spray of its delicatebranches stands clear-cut in exquisite traceryagainst the sky.

~MONG the trees that are utilized for orna-mental purposes is the beech. There are several rea-sons why this tree has been selected for use in thisway, and the principal ones will be mentioned.

The beech is widely distributed and grows well ina variety of soils. It is a massive tree, often reachinga height of over one hundred feet, with a girth ofupwards of twenty feet. It thrives in extremelycold weather, and fairly challenges the snow on itslimbs by the frosty white of its smaller branches andtwigs. It does well when subjected to intense heat ifit has plenty of light. Its vitality is very high and itsometimes attains an age exceeding eight hundredyears.

In the high forest it has a long, clean stem, but inthe open it branches out near the base, and itsspreading, broadly conical crown and deep shaderenders it a splendid ornamental tree. In winterthe branch-work is practically elegant; the limbsrise steeply, the branches sweep up and out, andfrom them rise the twigs in regular combs. Thebark is fine and smooth and changes from iron tosilver grey in color.

The leaves are oval, pointed, smooth, dark andlustrous. The freshness of their spring green andsilky texture in youth are unrivalled. In autumnthey change to a finerussetwith tintsof purple when,,'et. In young trees and hedges the withered leavescling to the twigs through the winter. In the budthe leaf is folded fan-wise, and the folds run par-allel with the nerves. They expand into an oval,smooth-faced leaf, with slightly scooped edges, anda most delicate fringe of short gossamer which fallsoff later.

The beech flowers in April and May. The blos-soms are rather more conspicuous than is the casewith the oak. In early summer, whilst the leaves arestill pellucid, the shade of a large beech is particu-larly inviting. Later, the leaves become opaque,and their glossy surfaces throw back the heat rays.Then, the play of light upon the great mass offoliage is very fine; but in autumn when the leaveshave turned from deep green to orange and warm

September, 1931 19

20 Tbe National Greenkeeper Septelltber, 1931

Canadian NewsBy J. H. EVANS, Golf Editor, Toronto Globe

~ ROWN patch, a disease which the Canadian green-keeper has seldom encountered in his work, has at-tacked the expensive greens of the Royal York Golfcourse in Toronto, and according to reports from green-keepers in different parts of Ontario and Quebec it hasmade its appearance elsewhere.

Brown patch has been uncommon in Canada. It madeits appearance this summer for the first time in manyyears. The rarity of the condition has caused the green-keeper and course superintendent to boast of freedomfrom the affliction whenever he had the occasion to visitneighboring portions of the United States.

::..

\"'hen the growth appeared, courses were coincidentlyscalded and presented another problem. Scalds due toexcessive heat followed by drenching thunder showersand then by more heat caused those greenkeepers whowere called on to treat brown patch to form the opinionthat the appearance of the fungus was due entirely to theclimatic conditions existing in eastern Canada this sum-mer, just now showing some signs of abating.

INSURE TRUE GREENS

IIEALTDYGRASS

witl"DIWORMA

•Just sprinkle DI\VORMA on your greens. rake up

the dead worms and the job is done. No washing in.No rinsing. And best of all. no burned grass or deadworms left in the ground to attract ants.

It's time to start planning for the Fall eradicationand now is the time to place your order. Remember!If Diworma does not do all that we claim, we make nocharge for the quantity used in testing.

\\Trite today for full information on prices. our moneysa ving deals and our free test offer.

TilE C. II. DOLGE CO."'ESTPORT, CONN.

MAKERS OF QUALITY PRODUCTS FOR COURSE AND CLUBHOUSE

Four greens on the Royal York course were attackedby brown patch just prior to an impo.rtant tournamentduring which the contestants struggled over the courseunder a blazing sun. Frank Hamm, the course superin-tendent, was able to catch some of it in time and to re-store the surface by the use of chemicals. On anothergreen, however, the brown patch could not be eradi-cated with chemicals, and as a consequence he was com-pelled to replace the ruined turf.

"It is uncommon in Canada. We haven't seen it forsome years and must be entirely due to the abnormalweather which has been experienced this summer," saidHamm. "During July and the early part of August,there was no change in temperature night and day. Atthe same time we suffered from sun scalds, which hasbeen unknown for a long time. It was impossible to copewith the situation. Heat, thunderstorms and more heatdid the damage. However, with a return to normal con-ditions, we can repair the damage."

The conditions which have existed at the Royal Yorkcourse are similar to those to be found elsewhere. Whilesome courses with their watering systems and with con-stant attention were able to escape serious damage, otherswere not so fortunate.

The brown patch and the scalds which have con-cerned club officials and secretaries was a subject of dis-cussion at the last regular meeting of the OntarioGreenkeepers' Association held at the Scarboro Golf andCountry Club recently. Several secretaries attended themeeting and frankly confessed that while the conditionswere of consequence, cri ticism could not be directedtoward those who were in charge of courses and thatnothing could be done but to go to work and repair thedamaged putting surfaces in time for fall tournaments.

Eighteen green keepers from different parts of theProvince attended the meeting at the Scarboro club alongwith Secretaries Tulloch, Cameron, Annis and Fenning.

The party went over the course to observe the damagedone by the abnormal conditions which commencedearly in June and continued for five weeks. The puttingsurfaces suffered severely and are just commencing torecover.

Two more meetings are to be held by the associationbefore the fall. One of these meetings will take place atthe St. Andrew's club, Toronto, early in September andthen another meeting at the Royal York course later inthe month. No club has adopted a more progressive atti-tude toward the greenkeeper than the Royal York clubwhich plans to do something of a special character forthe association.

::.

It is of interest to note that while recognized associa-tions in the golfing world of the Dominion, particularly