Some Real life!Falls and Falling Objects

FALLSFALLING OBJECTSAND

Why a Falls and Falling Objects Campaign?To assist new personnel in identifying potential falling objectsTo highlight the increasing trend of objects falling from heightTo find practical solutions to reduce and eliminate potential falling hazardsTo increase our all round awareness of trips, falls and falling objectsTo reduce accident and incident quantity within our environment

Why a Falls and Falling Objects Campaign in SDS ? 20th January 01 : IP stepped off the drawworks skid and twisted his ankle (approx 18") 29th January 01 : IP twisted his foot when walking through a 1 ft step from PMS office 05th April 01 : IP tripped causing the bit breaker to fall on his left ankle 03rd May 01 : Sling slipped on the hook which caused the liner to drop a few inches trapping the right hand middle finger of the IP 07th May 01 :IP's left foot slipped off one step. 29th May 01 : As the lubricator was picked up, the BOP fell over onto the IP's foot. 09th July 01 : While unscrewing a protector sleeve from BHA on rig floor, sleeve fell from a height of about 1-1/2 ft and bounced back hitting the finger of IP 13th November 01 : The socket dropped to the ground and the IP was hit on his left foot.YTD, 46% of the LTIs are related to Fall&Falling Objects, examples:

GRAVITYCombined with the Earths natural attraction and rotation a special force is formed. This force is known as gravity and keeps us firmly on the planets surface. Everything on our planet is subject to gravitational forces. All actions we do are also subject to these forces. As an old saying goes what goes up must come down.These forces are present in our daily life and can have a dramatic effect if we do not take the right precautions.If an object is accidentally dropped from any height it will continue to increase in speed until point of impact. The higher it falls the faster it gets.The heavier the weight, the faster it will fall with the impact being more destructive to anything in its path.

POTENTIAL ENERGYWhat is potential energy?Any time an object is raised, it can potentially come back down carrying an amount of energy known as potential energy. As the load is raised higher the potential energy of the object increases. In most cases this energy force is controlled BUT occasionally this load becomes a falling object and the energy is released. As the load falls it increases in speed until stopped by the ground, machinery or man!

Gravity and Potential energy20mtrs10mtrs 2mtrsAs you can see from the diagram the higher up and heavier the object the larger the impactTRUE OR FALSEIf an object is dropped from a 4 meter high platform when it makes contact with the ground it will be traveling at a speed of 36km/h 180 km/h 90 km/h18 km/h

What causes Falls and Falling objects Sub-Standard conditions!Uneven, slippery surface, holesPoor HousekeepingWorkers not secured to fixed pointsLack of fall protection.Equipment not securedEquipment not maintained in proper working condition.Procedure not known or followedLack of concentration

What are the Hazards involved?

Heights & Heavy weightsPotential energyEquipment insufficiently securedWork areas not secured: open rotary table, open well head, crane working area (especially during rig move,).Holes and equivalents in working area i.e.: loose gratings, missing steps, drain covers damaged or not in place, etc.

LACK OF CONTROL! Is a Failure to:Walk with your eyes.Make effectives Risk Assessments for potential energy.Manage your work environment.Use appropriate techniques.Use appropriate safety equipment.Secure Equipment at height .Fill out checklists and inspections correctlySupervise the work areaFollow procedures

IS PLANNING THE JOB. ASSESSING THE RISKS

What is the task?Is there a procedure for this task?What are the hazards?What are the undesirable events?Is All safety equipment in place?Is it in good working condition?Am I using the correct equipment?Is The work area clear of personnel?Everything is ready. Think: what can go wrong ?IN CONTROL!

Even knowing the existence of these dangers, fall injuries still happen.??? WHY ???

BECAUSE!It will never happen to me!I have been doing it for many years without an incident!!Procedures are not followed.THE EQUIPMENT IS IN ORDER!

And Lots more!Damaged cablesItems left in mastLoose boltsTrip hazardsTrip or fallWE HAVE HEARD THEM ALL BEFORE!!!! EXCUSES !!!

Some Real life!Falls and Falling objects

GFM / Dhabi 2 / MajorInjury Person fell from walkway under R/F to Platform (11m) IP was working under the rig floor on the Hydraulic Tank replacement. The work had been going on for the last five days, which had started during the rig move. The old tank was removed and a new one was built and put in place. IP was assigned the task of plumbing the tank.Contact&Immediate causes Fell to lower level Improper position for the task.Failure to warn. Failure to secure. Using defective equipment. Improper placement. Defective tools, equipment or material. Congestion/restricted action.

Basic Causes Improper motivation Inadequate engineering. Inadequate maintenance. Inadequate work standard. Lack of Control Risk management. Design & Planning. Assessment & cont.Improvement.

Event date : 07th Dec 2000Actions to prevent recurrence1- Fix permanently the grating cover plate 2- Check all the gratings on the rig 3- Plan inspection of the gratings 4- Check jackets gratings 5- Minimize opening grating ( hinged&marked) 6- Assign two senior safety officers for two months 7- Supervisors and employees to complete STOP 8- Ensure follow up of request for modification Proc. 9- Follow a procedure to slowly rotate people assigned to the rig for a very long time to bring in fresh ideas and to correct deficiencies ignored due to always been like this effect.

SDS 2001 LTI N*04 / MST / Rig 8 / Serious

IP was stepping out of his office with the intention of going to the Tool Pushers office. He accidentally twisted his left ankle as he was stepping out. He went to the medic due to pain. The medic sent him to Haima for taking an X Ray. The X Ray showed fractured 5th metatarsal. Contact&Immediate causes Improper Placement of foot Basic Causes Inadequate design of the skid (near the door)Contributing factor Type of shoes worn (less ankle support )Event date : 28th January 2001 Actions to prevent recurrence 1- Disseminate information to other locations. (Feb DOIRC) 2- Review design of platforms for exiting caravans/buildings at rig and camp and correct the design as needed. (Rig Mgr.by March 15) 3- All new issues of boots to be with ankle support for all rig personnel including rig administrative Staff (Rig Mgr.,Feb 2001 onwards) 4- MOVE SMART training to all rig personnel (QHSE dept. by Q4 2001). 5-CONGRATULATE THE CREW FOR HAVING ACHIEVED 4110 DAYS (over 11 years) WITHOUT LTI PRIOR TO THIS ONE. (Operations Manager visit by10th Feb)

Key points : - The first step out of the caravan was approx. 1 foot down. - The person has to step out and eventually turn to his left. - The grating provide traction resisting pivoting of the foot. - IP was wearing safety shoes without ankle support. - IP had an accident in August 99 when during his days off resulting in a hairline fracture to the 4th Metatarsal on the left foot.

SQ Major Event & Near accident / Oman / Rig 8

Crane Operator approached the Chief Electrician to fix a false load alarm Due to sun glare on the device, they decided to conduct tests between the PMS caravan and workshops skid. As per the troubleshooting procedure, the C/ Elect. asked C/OPE to swing the boom to about 110, then instructed him to extend the boom. At about 20.5m extension he felt that the crane is slightly getting unbalanced. He asked the C/OPE whether he needs to extend the Jacks/outriggers. Crane OPE extended only the jacks and confirmed to the C/Elect that everything is under control. They proceed extending the boom till it was about 20.5 m at 60 the crane started tipping towards the boom direction and the C/Elect shouted to STOP, but it was too late to control it.Contact&Immediate causes The outriggers were not extended during the trouble shooting operation Underlying Causes Improper mindset/competence Lack of knowledge. Ineffective toolbox talk. Poor risk assessment Management system failed to follow up two of the December 1999 crane accident : - There was no poster that says No lift without outriggers posted in the cabin - There is no record that this crane operator having completed the SDS crane operators training module. Management system failed to select a competent crane operator

Event date : 08th July 2001Why it happen ? The outriggers were not used to stabilize the crane !!!Always use the outriggers and stabilize the crane while operating the boom on a mobile crane !!!!

Immediate Action : Crane operator involved has been released Actions to prevent reoccurrence - Personnel involved with maintenance of cranes (Electricians and Mechanics) to review theoretical part of the Crane operators module - Re-emphasize the importance of toolbox talks. - Ensure that all SDS crane operators have completed the crane operator modular training program as per requirement (incl. 3rd party assessment). - Review the quality of the internal training for hired personnel. - PMM to investigate installation of outrigger position control/alarm/cut-off (onshore only). - Post a sign that says No lift without outriggers inside the crane cabin - Review internal procedures for hiring temporary staff

REDUCTIONANDPREVENTIONMEASURES

RISK ASSESSMENTWhen operations require work at height additional risk assessment must be performedWhat is the job to be done?Is a work permit required?What safety equipment is needed? Is there a special procedure to follow?What is the potential impact of dropping toolsAre tools and equipment sufficiently anchoredIs the area below clear of other people. What can go wrong?

MAN RIDINGIn the drilling-rig environment some tasks require the use of man riding to work on various equipment.This in itself can be fairly hazardous, but when combined with using tools and equipment it increases the risk considerablySpecial measures must be taken to prevent tools accidentally falling.

The SDS man riding procedure HQS-PR-QHSE-003 must be followed

WORKING AT HEIGHTSThe main consideration when working at height is not to become a falling objectYOURSELF!Just as important is to consider the protection of others who may be belowRemember barrier the area off to avoid any injury to others in case you drop anything!

Climbing up Ladders A . Distance from wall to be ratio of 4:1 B. Ladder to have safety feet C. Legs to be level or shored D. Only 1 person on ladder at a time E. Rungs to be clean and ladder securedAEBCD F. Tools to be secured with safety lines G. Safety belt MUST BE WORN above 10 feet. H. 1 person to be at base of ladder until secured at top

Working at heightHere we see a person working with a crane around the mud pit area.Look at the picture and see what can be done to make this operation safer.What are the potential hazards?

Falling from heightLook at these pictures!What is wrong?

SummaryGravity and potential energyWhat causes falls and falling objectsHazards involvedLack of control / In controlReduction and preventionMan ridingWorking at height

REMEMBERWhen working at heights do not become a falling object yourself! Always wear correct safety equipment at heightWhen working with tools at height are they correctly secured?Is the area below clear from other personnel Are you following correct procedures Are work permits in place?

Who Has the key to PreventionUNDERSTAND the task that is assigned to youAWARENESS of the possible hazards using the help of LPT and Improvement kit: IDENTIFY ALL HAZARDS!THINK for yourself if the procedure given for the task is correct and the best practice.FEEDBACK to your friends and managers your discoveries. You might just save your friends life.

RIG Fall&Falling Object Campaign follow-up1- Presentation to all rig crews2- Rig LPT to make a presentation on falls and falling objects to show how each rig has identified, reduced or eliminated its own particular falling object hazards. - Targeting and highlighting potential falling objects by using all current risk assessment tools available (stop cards, toolbox cards, checklists, inspections, photographs, drawing, etc.) - Using crew input - Submitting campaign posters. - Involving Client, catering, third party etc. - Etc.3- Each presentation should be forwarded to the SDS QHSE MANAGER in Dubai by 15th February 2002.4- Rigs Campaign presentations will be reviewed by DUBAI HQS Management.5- A campaign will be selected as the Rig Fall&Falling Object Campaign Winner.6- Winning campaign will be distributed to all others rigs for presentation.

Main intro to presentation, need volume up if possible.Explain how gravity is the force that stops us from flying off the earth as it spins round, how all things are controlled by gravity, drop a pen or object to show.Explain how quick releases can cause objects to cause major damage on impact. Explain sudden release, demonstrate by using a rubber band.Explain to class how speed increases from height, ask the true or false question see how many give the right answer. Then ask class at what speed they think the object would be travel when it came into contact with the ground.Fall & Falling objects, General outline on sub standard conditions, I.e catwalks, rig floor etc. general housekeeping especially in major areas, fall protection, handrails missing during rig moves etc.unsecured equipment or insufficiently maintained. Concentration during routine jobs I.e picking up drill pipe etc, how to keep moving around to break boredom going to quickly to take notice of work areas.Brief outline of listed hazards, short description of each.Read through list and give brief description and examples in everyday work environmentRead through each line and give examples to each subject.Ask why and see what answers come out, some answers are on the following slidesSlide 1. What is wrong with the picture and what reason do class think man is not wearing safety belt (conflict of interest, not thinking, in a hurry.insufficientSlide 2. Look at men working ask what class thinks is wrong ( safety belt not attached to beam, hammer is just resting on beam and mans leg. Tools in mans pocket)Slide 3 Slide 4. What is the hazard in this area as no-one goes there usually? What could we do to eliminate the fall hazard (cover with removable hatch) ask if classes rig has holes like this?These are mainly all genuine rig pictures and not staged at all for the camera.As previous pictures most are not staged but actual pictures taken on real locations.111Reduction and prevention measures brief description of some of the pictures we have seen and re-cap answers given try to see what prevention measures are mentioned.Go through in brief the risk assessment above to give an idea as to how it should be worked in with normal risk assessments done for tasks.Read through and just briefly highlight hazards and risks.Read through heading and main point, go onto picture and ask class what they think of this picture and ask if it is being done with sufficient fall protection in place (cranes are equipped with anti fall devices fixed to a padeye at the side of the crane with sufficient length tag lines attached to pull safety line down for attachment, both men are wearing 4 point safety harnesses, Lines were attached at ground level, men used a ladder to get onto container and off before lift was undertaken)Ask if this is a good operation answer should be yes, only problem is that ladder should extend 1 meter above mast section, men were buffing welds for inspection so in reality it is safer to keep ladder just below work area as men would have been at greater risk of dropping small buffer or falling from ladder.( ladder is tied off to a padeye at the top and additional man is footing for extra support. Person on ladder is tied off to mast section and chin strap is worn. Letters A.B.C.D.E are as per the written notes at left side of page).Get class to review picture 1 and give answers to what can happen, how to improve the situation, ask them to list all bad points (slipping off support, bad body position, man standing watching, ladder leaning in back ground) what injury could be sustained if man slips or falls,Click onto picture 2 and see how many correct answers have been given, review picture and point out all safety aspects (man standing correctly on ladder, safety belt attached correctly, man holding ladder)Ask class to give reason as to what is wrong in both pictures. Picture1 shackle pin not screwed in. picture2 shackle has incorrect bolt nut not tight and no safety pin.Ask why this happens? (too busy to screw in pins correctly) look at colour coding?Explain to class that on most rigs this is a common thing on cranes as some people do not take time to secure correctly, ask class to look next time they are on rig site to see how many shackles they see in this conditionQuickly out line what has been presented in this presentationEmphasis on you are the prevention.