The Wobbly Jelly cartoon

likely to be remembered. Such is not the case with cartoon-style drawing because of its humor and exaggeration.

According to the authors, incident analysis is a challenging technique, not a parlor game.

The authors, both psychologists, are En- glish. The insight into nursing problems and foibles are universal, but be prepared for ward and theatre sisters.

Sister M Thomasine Hardesty, OP, RN Cincinnati

Guide to Patient Evaluation-History Tak- ing, Physical Examination, and the Problem-Oriented Method. Sherman, Jac- ques L, Jr, Fields, Sylvia Kleiman. Medical Examination Publishing Co, 65-36 Fresh Meadow Ln, Flushing, NY 11365, 1974, 255 pp, $10 paperback.

The modern nurse has found it necessary to expand her knowledge in taking the history and physical.

Books in this field were previously geared for the second and third year medical stu- dent; however, the authors directed this guide to the nurse clinician, the nurse prac- titioner, the physician assistant, and other intermediate health care professionals.

Descriptions and illustrations primarily deal

with the normal findings in a history and physical so the reader is able to detect ab- normal findings. The authors suggest review of anatomy and physiology to familiarize the student with terminology and areas of possi- ble patient problems.

Suggested outlines for recording normal findings in specific examinations at the end of each chapter are also collected in an appendix to serve as examples of a model write-up of the full normal physical examina- tion. Patient problems illustrate ways certain findings can be abstracted from the total data collected.

The authors stress this book should be used in conjunction with classroom training and not as a substitute for classroom instruc- tion.

Opal Lynn Giles, RN Glenmora, La

Faculty-Curriculum Development Part IV: Unifying the Curriculum-The Integrated Approach. Torres, Gertrude, Lynch, Eleanor A. National League for Nursing, 10 Colum- bus Cir, New York, NY 10019, 1974, 45 pp, $3.25 paperback.

From the national to local levels, the em- phasis in nursing today is on higher educa- tion. In this book the authors present a good,

a38 AORN Journal, November 1975, Val 22, No 5

sound definition of their topic and have de- veloped the material step-by-step so the reader fully understands the subject.

For example, in the first section, “Educa- tional trends and the integrated curriculum approach in nursing,” Torres relates current trends in nursing education so the reader can identify his own level of knowledge of the subject and begin to absorb what the in- tegrated approach means.

There are charts, diagrams, and other vis- ual aids to augment the written material. The authors discuss the differences between the integrated approach and the unintegrated approach in education and list objectives and the means of evaluating them.

Opal Lynn Giles, RN Glenmora, La

Patient Care Systems. Kraege, Janet, et al. J B Lippincott Co, E Washington Sq, Philadelphia, Pa 19105, 1974, 210 pp.

This book is the result of a research project conducted under the auspices of the School of Nursing of the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. Efficient use of nursing personnel was the original objective of the three-year project. Later, the focus changed from nurse utilization to patient care. According to the authors, “The implicit assumption was that when design is directed toward . , . meeting patient needs, using a systems methodology, the nurses and all other health care person- nel will be correctly utilized.”

The systems methodology chosen for de- sign was the IDEALS concept, developed by Dr Gerald Nadler, University of Wisconsin, Madison. This approach focuses on the pur- pose to be accomplished, rather than tradi- tional problemsolving.

The authors show how patient-centered purpose for design uncovers patient needs, the importance of patient information in pro- viding care, how to organize a care planning system in which the patient is an integral part, and the type of environment necessary if patient needs are to be met. Examples of forms and several appendices give important information on assessment tools.

Environment has a role in meeting patient needs. Too often nurses forget that color, lighting, humidity, attitudes of people, noise,

views of activity, proximity of caring people, temperature, and dirt all influence patient re- covery. Facilities must be provided to meet patient needs rather than efficiency for per- sonnel.

The disease-oriented structures of yester- day cannot meet the responsibility of today’s new purpose of health. Restructuring is im- perative and the patient-centered purpose is good. The nurse is urged to support con- cepts and deal courageously with obstacles and move beyond them. Meeting the pa- tients’ need for identity, security, safety, dignity, orientation, and education is possible to a degree higher than ever before. It can be done without increasing numbers of person- nel and with no increase in cost.

This is an interesting, informative, and well-written book and recommended for nurses who want to be facilitators of change to improve patient care. Although there are some sections which may be a little difficult for nurses unfamiliar with systems terminol- ogy, careful reading should clear up most difficulties.

Practicality is evident throughout. The book not only explains why change is needed, but how it can be accomplished and the benefits to be derived.

Sister Kane, RHSJ, RN, MEd Cornwall, Ontario

Clinical Nursing: Pathophysiological Ap- proaches, 3rd ed. Beland, Irene L, Passos, Joyce Y. Macmillan Co, 866 Third Ave, New York, NY 10022, 1975, 1120 pp, $15.95.

Although the authors state the book is written for the nursing student who is studying medical-surgical nursing for the first time, this text is a comprehensive source of informa- tion for any nurse who feels the need to broaden and update her clinical knowledge. A holistic approach to nursing has been taken, and the authors have skillfully drawn from the biological, physical, and so- cial sciences. Emphasis is on normal as well as pathological physiology.

Eleven authors contributed to the scholarly yet interesting writing of this text. Brief out- lines appear at the beginning of each chapter and frequent use is made of footnotes. Although the book contains relatively few pic-

840 AORN Journal, November 1975, Vol22, No 5