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FACTORISING ALL TYPES Junior Cert Revision

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Page 1: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

FACTORISINGALL TYPES

Junior Cert Revision

Page 2: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Factorise 𝑛2 − 11𝑛 + 18.

2017 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 12 (a)

𝑛2 − 11𝑛 + 18

𝑛 − 9 𝑛 − 2

Factorise fully 𝑤𝑦 − 𝑦 − 1 +𝑤.

2017 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 12 (b)

𝑤𝑦 − 𝑦 − 1 + 𝑤

= 𝑤𝑦 − 𝑦 + 𝑤 − 1

= 𝑦 𝑤 − 1 + 1 𝑤 − 1

= 𝑦 + 1 𝑤 − 1

Factorise by Grouping

Quadratic

𝑛2 − 11𝑛 + 18

𝑛 − 9 𝑛 − 2

189 26 318 1

−9𝑛

−2𝑛

−2𝑛−9𝑛−11𝑛

Page 3: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Use factorisation to simplify 4𝑒2 − 9

2𝑒2 + 3𝑒 − 9.

2017 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 12 (d)

4𝑒2 − 9

2𝑒2 + 3𝑒 − 9

=2𝑒 + 3 2𝑒 − 3

2𝑒 − 3 𝑒 + 3

=2𝑒 + 3

𝑒 + 3

Difference of two squares.

Quadratic

Combination Factorising –Factorise the top and bottom.

Page 4: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Factorise each of the following expressions.

2016 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 11 (b)

(i)25𝑥2 − 49𝑛2

(ii)2𝑥2 − 9𝑥 − 18

25𝑥2 − 49𝑛2

= 5𝑥 + 7𝑛 5𝑥 − 7𝑛

2𝑥2 − 9𝑥 − 18= 2𝑥 + 3 𝑥 − 6

Quadratic

Difference of two squares.

Page 5: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Factorise fully 𝑎𝑐 − 𝑎𝑑 − 𝑏𝑑 + 𝑏𝑐.

(b)

𝑎𝑐 − 𝑎𝑑 − 𝑏𝑑 + 𝑏𝑐= 𝑎𝑐 − 𝑎𝑑 + 𝑏𝑐 − 𝑏𝑑= 𝑎 𝑐 − 𝑑 + 𝑏 𝑐 − 𝑑= 𝑎 + 𝑏 𝑐 − 𝑑

Factorise by Grouping

Page 6: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Factorise 𝑥2 + 7𝑥 − 30.

2015 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 9 (a) (i)

𝑥2 + 7𝑥 − 30= 𝑥 + 10 𝑥 − 3

Quadratic

Page 7: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Factorise 𝑛2 − 1.

2015 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 12 (a) (i)

𝑛2 − 1= 𝑛 + 1 𝑛 − 1

Difference of two squares.

Page 8: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

9𝑥2 − 16𝑦2

= 3𝑥 2 − 4𝑦 2

= 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 3𝑥 − 4𝑦

9𝑎2 − 6𝑎𝑏 + 12𝑎𝑐 − 8𝑏𝑐= 3𝑎 3𝑎 − 2𝑏 + 4𝑐 3𝑎 − 2𝑏= 3𝑎 + 4𝑐 3𝑎 − 2𝑏

Factorise fully 9𝑎2 − 6𝑎𝑏 + 12𝑎𝑐 − 8𝑏𝑐

2014 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 4 (a)

Factorise 9𝑥2 − 16𝑦2

2014 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 4 (b)

Difference of two squares.

Factorise by Grouping

Page 9: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

2𝑥2 + 4𝑥

2𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 6

=2𝑥 𝑥 + 2

2𝑥 − 3 𝑥 + 2

=2𝑥

2𝑥 − 3

Use factors to simplify the following

2𝑥2 + 4𝑥

2𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 6

2014 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 4 (c)

Common Factor

Quadratic

Combination Factorising –Factorise the top and bottom.

Page 10: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Factorise each of the following expressions:

2012 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 11

(i)5𝑥3 − 10𝑥2

(ii)4𝑥2 − 81𝑦2

Common Factor

(iii)𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 3𝑎 − 3𝑏

5𝑥3 − 10𝑥2

= 5𝑥2 𝑥 − 2

4𝑥2 − 81𝑦2

= 2𝑥 + 9𝑦 2𝑥 − 9𝑦

𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 3𝑎 − 3𝑏= 𝑎 𝑎 − 𝑏 + 3 𝑎 − 𝑏= 𝑎 + 3 𝑎 − 𝑏

Difference of two squares.

Factorise by Grouping

Page 11: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

FACTORISINGOLD COURSE

Junior Cert Revision

Page 12: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Factorise 8𝑥2 − 12𝑥.

2013 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 4 (b) (i)

Factorise 4𝑥2 − 12𝑥 + 9.

2013 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 4 (b) (ii)

Simplify 8𝑥2 − 12𝑥

4𝑥2 − 12𝑥 + 9.

2013 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 4 (b) (iii)

8𝑥2 − 12𝑥= 4𝑥 2𝑥 − 3

4𝑥2 − 12𝑥 + 9= 2𝑥 − 3 2𝑥 − 3

8𝑥2 − 12𝑥

4𝑥2 − 12𝑥 + 9

=4𝑥 2𝑥 − 3

2𝑥 − 3 2𝑥 − 3

=4𝑥

2𝑥 − 3

Common Factor

Quadratic

Common Factor

Quadratic

Combination Factorising –Factorise the top and bottom.

Page 13: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

6𝑥2 − 17𝑥 + 12

3𝑥 − 4

=3𝑥 − 4 2𝑥 − 3

3𝑥 − 4= 2𝑥 − 3

4𝑐2 − 3𝑑 − 2𝑐𝑑 + 6𝑐= 4𝑐2 − 2𝑐𝑑 + 6𝑐 − 3𝑑= 2𝑐 2𝑐 − 𝑑 + 3 2𝑐 − 𝑑= 2𝑐 + 3 2𝑐 − 𝑑

Simplify 6𝑥2 − 17𝑥 + 12

3𝑥 − 4.

2012 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 3 (b) (i)

Factorise 4𝑐2 − 3𝑑 − 2𝑐𝑑 + 6𝑐.

2012 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 3 (b) (ii)

Quadratic

Combination Factorising –Factorise the top and bottom.

Factorise by GroupingRearrange 1st.

Page 14: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

𝑥2 − 1= 𝑥 + 1 𝑥 − 1

𝑎𝑥 − 3 − 𝑎 + 3𝑥= 𝑎𝑥 − 𝑎 + 3𝑥 − 3= 𝑎 𝑥 − 1 + 3 𝑥 − 1= 𝑎 + 3 𝑥 − 1

= 6𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 35= 3𝑥 − 7 2𝑥 + 5

Factorise 𝑥2 − 1.

2011 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 4 (b) (i)

Factorise fully 𝑎𝑥 − 3 − 𝑎 + 3𝑥.

2011 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 4 (b) (ii)

Factorise 6𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 35.

2011 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 4 (b) (iii)

Factorise by GroupingRearrange 1st.

Quadratic

Difference of two squares.

Page 15: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Use factors to simplify 3𝑥2 − 19𝑥 − 14

𝑥2 − 49.

2010 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 5 (b) (ii)

3𝑥2 − 19𝑥 − 14

𝑥2 − 49

=3𝑥 + 2 𝑥 − 7

𝑥 + 7 𝑥 − 7

=3𝑥 + 2

𝑥 + 7

Difference of two squares

Quadratic

Combination Factorising –Factorise the top and bottom.

Page 16: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Factorise 25𝑥2 − 36𝑦2.

2009 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 6 (b)(i)

Factorise 11𝑥2 + 75𝑥 − 14.

2009 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 6 (b)(ii)

Simplify 3 − 4𝑥 2 − 3 − 5𝑥 2

2009 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 6 (b)(iii)

25𝑥2 − 36𝑦2

= 5𝑥 + 6𝑦 5𝑥 − 6𝑦Difference of two squares.

11𝑥2 + 75𝑥 − 14= 11𝑥 − 2 𝑥 + 7

Quadratic

3 − 4𝑥 2 − 3 − 5𝑥 2

= 3 − 4𝑥 + 3 − 5𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 − 3 − 5𝑥

= 3 − 4𝑥 + 3 − 5𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 − 3 + 5𝑥= 6 − 9𝑥 𝑥= 6𝑥 − 9𝑥2

Difference of two squares.

Page 17: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Simplify 3 − 4𝑥 2 − 3 − 5𝑥 2

2009 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 6 (b)(iii)

3 − 4𝑥 2 − 3 − 5𝑥 2

= 3 3 − 4𝑥 − 4𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 − 3 3 − 5𝑥 − 5𝑥 3 − 5𝑥

= 9 − 12𝑥 − 12𝑥 + 16𝑥2 − 9 − 15𝑥 − 15𝑥 + 25𝑥2

= 9 − 24𝑥 + 16𝑥2 − 9 − 30𝑥 + 25𝑥2

= 9 − 24𝑥 + 16𝑥2 − 9 + 30𝑥 − 25𝑥2

= 6𝑥 − 9𝑥2

Alternate Method

Page 18: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Factorise 6𝑐 + 12𝑏𝑑 − 8𝑑 − 9𝑏𝑐.

2007 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 4 (b) (i)

Simplify 7𝑥 − 2 7𝑥 + 2 − 5𝑦 − 2 5𝑦 + 2

and fully factorise the simplified expression.

2007 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 4 (b) (ii)

6𝑐 + 12𝑏𝑑 − 8𝑑 − 9𝑏𝑐= 6𝑐 − 9𝑏𝑐 − 8𝑑 + 12𝑏𝑑= 3𝑐 2 − 3𝑏 − 4𝑑 2 − 3𝑏= 3𝑐 − 4𝑑 2 − 3𝑏

7𝑥 − 2 7𝑥 + 2 − 5𝑦 − 2 5𝑦 + 2

= 7𝑥 2 − 22 − 5𝑦 2 − 22

= 49𝑥2 − 4 − 25𝑦2 − 4= 49𝑥2 − 4 − 25𝑦2 + 4= 49𝑥2 − 25𝑦2

= 7𝑥 + 5𝑦 7𝑥 − 5𝑦

Reverse of Difference of two squares!

Factorise by GroupingRearrange 1st.

Page 19: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Simplify 7𝑥 − 2 7𝑥 + 2 − 5𝑦 − 2 5𝑦 + 2

and fully factorise the simplified expression.

2007 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 4 (b) (ii)

7𝑥 − 2 7𝑥 + 2 − 5𝑦 − 2 5𝑦 + 2

= 7𝑥 7𝑥 + 2 − 2 7𝑥 + 2 − 5𝑦 5𝑦 + 2 − 2 5𝑦 + 2

= 49𝑥2 + 14𝑥 − 14𝑥 − 4 − 25𝑦2 + 10𝑦 − 10𝑦 − 4= 49𝑥2 − 4 − 25𝑦2 − 4= 49𝑥2 − 4 − 25𝑦2 + 4= 49𝑥2 − 25𝑦2

= 7𝑥 + 5𝑦 7𝑥 − 5𝑦

Alternate Method

Page 20: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Factorise 9𝑥2 − 16𝑦2.

2006 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 4 (b) (ii)

9𝑥2 − 16𝑦2

= 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 3𝑥 − 4𝑦Difference of two squares.

Page 21: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Factorise 2𝑙 − 𝑘𝑙 + 𝑘𝑚− 2𝑚.

2006 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 6 (b) (i)

Factorise 6𝑥2 − 19𝑥 + 10.

2006 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 6 (b) (ii)

Factorise 17𝑥 − 5𝑥2.

2006 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 6 (b) (iii)

2𝑙 − 𝑘𝑙 + 𝑘𝑚 − 2𝑚= 2𝑙 − 2𝑚 − 𝑘𝑙 + 𝑘𝑚= 2 𝑙 − 𝑚 − 𝑘 𝑙 − 𝑚= 2 − 𝑘 𝑙 − 𝑚

6𝑥2 − 19𝑥 + 10= 3𝑥 − 2 2𝑥 − 5

Quadratic

8𝑥2 − 12𝑥= 4𝑥 2𝑥 − 3

Common Factor

Factorise by GroupingRearrange 1st.

Page 22: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Factorise 3𝑥2 + 8𝑥 − 3.

2005 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 3 (b) (i)

Factorise 3𝑝 − 𝑐 + 3𝑝𝑐 − 𝑐2.

2005 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 3 (b) (ii)

Simplify 2𝑥 − 1 2 − 𝑥 − 1 2

2005 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 3 (b) (iii)

3𝑝 − 𝑐 + 3𝑝𝑐 − 𝑐2

= 3𝑝 + 3𝑝𝑐 − 𝑐 − 𝑐2

= 3𝑝 1 + 𝑐 − 𝑐 1 + 𝑐= 3𝑝 − 𝑐 1 + 𝑐

6𝑥2 − 19𝑥 + 10= 3𝑥 − 2 2𝑥 − 5

Quadratic

2𝑥 − 1 2 − 𝑥 − 1 2

= 2𝑥 − 1 + 𝑥 − 1 2𝑥 − 1 − 𝑥 − 1

= 2𝑥 − 1 + 𝑥 − 1 2𝑥 − 1 − 𝑥 + 1= 3𝑥 − 2 𝑥= 3𝑥2 − 2𝑥

Difference of two squares.

Factorise by GroupingRearrange 1st.

Page 23: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

2𝑥 − 1 2 − 𝑥 − 1 2

= 2𝑥 2𝑥 − 1 − 1 2𝑥 − 1 − 𝑥 𝑥 − 1 − 1 𝑥 − 1

= 4𝑥2 − 2𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 1 − 𝑥2 − 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 1= 4𝑥2 − 4𝑥 + 1 − 𝑥2 − 2𝑥 + 1= 4𝑥2 − 4𝑥 + 1 − 𝑥2 + 2𝑥 − 1= 3𝑥2 − 2𝑥

Alternate Method

Simplify 2𝑥 − 1 2 − 𝑥 − 1 2

2005 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 3 (b) (iii)

Page 24: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Factorise 9𝑥2 − 64𝑦2.

2004 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 4 (b) (i)

Factorise 3𝑥𝑦 − 10𝑥 − 10𝑏 + 3𝑏𝑦.

2004 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 4 (b) (ii)

Factorise 6𝑥2 − 7𝑥 − 24.

2004 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 4 (b) (iii)

Quadratic

Difference of two squares. 9𝑥2 − 64𝑦2

= 3𝑥 + 8𝑦 3𝑥 − 8𝑦

3𝑥𝑦 − 10𝑥 − 10𝑏 + 3𝑏𝑦= 3𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑏𝑦 − 10𝑥 − 10𝑏= 3𝑦 𝑥 + 𝑏 − 10 𝑥 + 𝑏= 3𝑦 − 10 𝑥 + 𝑏

6𝑥2 − 7𝑥 − 24= 3𝑥 − 8 2𝑥 + 3

Factorise by GroupingRearrange 1st.

Page 25: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Factorise 4𝑥2 − 49.

2003 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 4 (b) (i)

Factorise 𝑎𝑏 − 𝑐𝑏 + 𝑎𝑐 − 𝑐2.

2003 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 4 (b) (ii)

Factorise by Grouping

Difference of two squares. 4𝑥2 − 49= 2𝑥 + 7 2𝑥 − 7

𝑎𝑏 − 𝑐𝑏 + 𝑎𝑐 − 𝑐2

= 𝑏 𝑎 − 𝑐 + 𝑐 𝑎 − 𝑐= 𝑏 + 𝑐 𝑎 − 𝑐

Page 26: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Factorise fully each of the following:

2002 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 3 (a)

(i)𝑥2 − 7𝑥 + 12

(ii)4𝑥2 − 25𝑦2

Quadratic𝑥2 − 7𝑥 + 12= 𝑥 − 4 𝑥 − 3

4𝑥2 − 25𝑦2

= 2𝑥 + 5𝑦 2𝑥 − 5𝑦Difference of two squares.

Page 27: FACTORISING ALL TYPES - Maths Pointsmathspoints.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Factorising-Solutions-All-Types.pdfUse factors to simplify 3 2−19 −14 2−49. 2010 JCHL Paper 1 –Question

Factorise fully each of the following:

2001 JCHL Paper 1 – Question 3 (a)

(i)20𝑥𝑦 − 4𝑥2

(ii)5𝑥2 − 9𝑥 − 2

Common Factor20𝑥𝑦 − 4𝑥2

4𝑥 5𝑦 − 𝑥

5𝑥2 − 9𝑥 − 2= 5𝑥 + 1 𝑥 − 2

Quadratic