FLUID DYNAMICS

p

phg

phg

phg phg

mg

pg

p p

(h - h )

w3 3

2

=

=

10

FA

P

=P

A

P

kg/m

=Nm

Pascals

12

o

atm

1 11

2 2

5

2

+

phg Pascals0 +

+

water pressure at a given point

water

hydraulic pressure system

Dynamic Venturi TubeStatics

Law of Conservation

static

dynamic

spinning ball

airfoil

velocity is higher here , pressure is lower here

(h is equal)

velocity is lower here , pressure is higher here

- continuity- conservation of momentum- conservation of energy=

=

==

=

=

=

+

+-

++

+ +

-

+

+

=

=

P

1P

1P

1P

P

1P100 P

P P

P-

water pressure at two points

density height gravity

gas pressure in compression

atmospheric pressure

h

h

1 2h

1A 1A

1v

1v

1

1

v

1A 1v

1A

1A

1v1v

2v

2v

2

2 2

2

2v

2

p12 1

v2

1v

2

+

-

2P

2P

p

p

p

12

12

( )

12

2v

2

2v

2

1v

2-( ( ))2

v2

v

h

2A

1A

2A

2A

2v2A

2v2A

2A1Ap

12 1

v2

-( ( ))2A

gas

piston

weight (mg)

rotation direction

10

,

,

,

Cross�ow and Vortex development studies developed using a wind tunnel

Velocity Magnitudes studies developed using Computational Fluid Dynamics CFD Fluent 6.3

Arabic wind tower DubaiShowing system of pressure systems inducing air movement

The Masdar Headquarters in Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, UAE, will be the world's �rst large-scale, mixed-use, positive-energy building (above). The design consists of eleven glass-enclosed wind cones

CFD software was used to model the building geometry and surrounding wind patterns. Hot winds traveling at high velocities around and over the cone openings create low pressure areas, inducing air�ow out of the cones. The cone’s shape captures cool air moving in the opposite direction.

Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture

Pressure systems

Pressure reactive components and di�erentiation in height and pressure creates space.

+

++

-

-

-

Paper based triangular component used in previous structural design exploration.These components became a load bearing facade system.This was planar, although there is potential for vertical generation

Shamsul Akmal - Self organizing material research

D

Connecting triangular component at their three ends at different angles

Connecting to get heightand load bearing experiment

Connecting to get heightand load bearing experiment

Two seperate component generation systemsA B

Two seperate component generation systems layeredA B+

Component misconnection and limitation of generation

In physical model these can be forced to connect, but if symmetry lines are followed strictly the components will not connect

Component misconnection and limitation of generation

This connection issue can be resolved by using a connecter component in the form of a ‘X’

Tensegrity studies for verticality

Tensegrity studies for verticality

Tension members enclosing the components which are its constraints Enclosure tension members forming support for a vertical connectionTension members compressing components

Tensegrity studies for verticality

Testing of expansion Testing of compressionAdding more components to add height

Tensegrity studies for verticality

Bending of system

Eyebeam Atelier Museum of Art and Technology New York NY 2001Preston Scott Cohen

Thermohydraulic, wax piston facade panel components

The expansion/contraction of these thermal actuators can be utilized to control the opening range of the panels.

Expansion Curve

Power Stroke

Return Stroke

-5.50

0.508

1.016

1.524

2.032

2.540

3.048

3.556

4.064

4.572

5.080

5.588

6.096

6.604

7.112

7.620

8.128

8.636

-0.4 1.1 5.0 15.3 22.1 30.3 39.2 43.3 51.2 55.2 59.2 60.2 66.2

Rostra Vernatherm, LLChttp://www.rostravernatherm.com/thermal-actuators.htm

Thermohydraulic, wax piston facade panel components

Component panels and location of thermo actuator to amplify opening

thermo actuator thermo actuator

Thermohydraulic, wax piston facade panel components

Surface generation studies with plane, curved and double curved surface