exs 101 research fall13
TRANSCRIPT
INTRODUCTION TO THE SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE OF THE
HEALTH PROFESSIONS
Danielle Carlock480 425 6765
HEALTH FIELDS ARE EVIDENCE-BASED
• All of the health related fields rest on scientific research/experimentation.
• And there is a growing movement to incorporate this evidence into all levels of practice (EBP).
Learning objectives
1. Describe the types of evidence used by health science professionals
2. Locate evidence/scientific research to stay informed in your field
ARTICLE COMPARISON ACTIVITY
• Working with a partner, compare the two articles using the chart.
What are not considered scientific, evidence based sources in the health sciences?
• Magazine and newspaper articles• Opinions• The way we’ve always done it/tradition• Anything else not based on the scientific
method/scientific experimentation!
POPULAR SOURCES (ex: magazines, newspapers)
Characteristics
Audience Written for the general public, non-specialized audience
AuthorshipWritten by staff writers, not necessary experts in the topic
PurposeTo entertain, inform, persuade
How reviewed By an editor, prior to publication
NOT CONSIDERED RESEARCH/SCIENTIFIC SOURCES
How are scientific results disseminated?
• Books
• Conferences– Papers – Posters
• Scholarly journals– Also known as academic or peer reviewed journals
SOME SCHOLARLY JOURNALS IN EXERCISE SCIENCE & RELATED FIELDS
• Medicine and Science in Sport & Exercise• Journal of Exercise Physiology• Measurement in Physical Education and
Exercise Science• Journal of Physical Education, Recreation &
Dance• Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport
What is contained in a scholarly journal?
• News
• Letters to the editor
• Job announcements
• Obituaries
• Book reviews
• Advertisements
• **Primary Research articles
• **Review articles
**Only research & review articles are considered evidence undergo peer review
PEER REVIEW
• Expert in the field of study (peers) evaluate an article’s methodology, merit, and overall unique contribution to knowledge PRIOR to publication
• In the health sciences, research based articles are almost universally peer reviewed
PRIMARY RESEARCH ARTICLES• Report the results of a study or experiment
• The author(s) is/are the person(s) who conducted the study or experiment; i.e. it is firsthand information
• It undergoes peer review
• Answers: Why, how, what was found, what does it mean……
Example: Frequency and location of head impact exposures in individual collegiate football players
Typical format of a primary research articleSECTION PURPOSE
ABSTRACT Summarizes the article
INTRODUCTION Purpose of studyReviews previous studies on the topic
METHODS How the study was carried out
RESULTS What was found (data, charts, etc)
DISCUSSION What does it mean and how does it relate to previous findings?
WORKS CITED/REFERENCES To document the sources cited
REVIEW ARTICLES• A type of scholarly, peer reviewed article in
which primary research on a topic is synthesized.
• Are a form of evidence (especially systematic reviews), but are secondary sources
• May look like a research article
• Ex: Anabolic Resistance of Muscle Protein Synthesis with Aging
• Ex: Injuries to individuals participating..
SCHOLARLY SOURCES (RESEARCH & REVIEW ARTICLES)
Characteristic
Audience For scholars and students in a particular field of study
Authorship Scholars/experts in a particular field of study
Purpose To present the research findings or to synthesize those findings in a systematic manner
How reviewed By a panel of experts prior to publication (i.e. peer review)
TRADE JOURNALS
• Written by experts in a field for practitioners in that field
• Some are peer reviewed, some are not• Contain articles that have immediate practical
application• Many of the articles may appear like reviews, but
may be shorter & more practice-oriented than those published in scholarly journals
• EX: ACSM’s Health & Fitness Journal
GALLERY WALK
• Move around the room with a group of 3-4 people and look at each article displayed. Answer the questions on the handout.
• Be prepared to be called on after completion!