expert mission resource efficiency of construction and concrete … · 2018. 7. 30. · expert...
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Expert Mission
Resource Efficiency of Construction and Concrete Materials
Technion, Haifa, Israel
16-18/07/2018
Dr. Marta Sanchez de Juan – CEDEX research center, Madrid, Spain
Francesco Loro - Environmental Protection Agency of Veneto, Italy
…and as life itself, the ash continues flowing, even while constrained, keep presenting opportunities and challenges
upon us, for better or for worse.
Omri Lulav, Managing Director of the National Coal Ash Board (NCAB)
גם אם , ממשיך לזרום, כחיים עצמם, כי האפר, נציין כמנהגנו תמיד... לעיתים לטובה , ולהעמיד בפנינו אתגרים והזדמנויות, בהיקף מופחת
.ולעיתים לקושי
עמרי לולב
1940-2018
Trends of Aggregates Production
Michael Danon, Ph.D
Mining HSE & Resource Efficiency
Natural Resources Administration
https://www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/Israel- 2018-DCEO-cimonoce-yevrus-fdp.weivrevo
Ministry of Environmental Protection:
• Set target for recycling to 80%
• Estimetes that annually approximately 1MT of construction waste could be disposed Illegaly
• Emends the ‘clean-law’- so local municipalities would be accountable for treatment of construction waste in their jurisdiction
• Do not provide regulatory framework for source separtion of elements from the construction waste (glass, gypsum, organics)
Recycling construction waste in quarries
Ministry of Environment:
Extended producer responsibilities,
Amendment of the Mining Act- Article 112
2011-2018?
Land Administration:
Construction waste
Hardened concrete waste
Excavation waste
Urban Renovation Many cities implement the ‘National plan 38’ for reinforcing buildings to stand an earthquake. demolishing and building waste are generated in large scales. However, this is usually being done with only partial separation of building elements on site.
On average for all products, quarries increase aggregates rate of production by 2.3% in the last decade
Mining and Quarrying in IsraelThere are 65-70 annually active sites. About half of these sites produce crushed rock for construction.
Ton
SafedNahariya
HaifaTiberius
Karmiel
?
?
?
??
?
?X
X
X
X
?
X
National plan 14b: • materials for construction
and roads industry (2040)• industrial materials (2045)
Limestone and dolomite for crushed aggregates
Basalt
Limestone for cement
Clay for cement
Tufa
Other limestone
Gypsum for cement
Limestone for mortar and powders
According to recent projections, we may need 38% more aggregates than assumed back at 2008 when planning has began
Forecast for construction materialsYears 2008-2040
Total building – accumulated area
(million square meters) Demand for materials
(million tons)
Coarse aggregates
Fine aggregates
Cement
Other materials
(lime, dimension stone)
plan 14b UpdateCumulative Increase
National plan 14b: • materials for construction
and roads industry (2040)• industrial materials (2045)
Short falling by 2025 up to 87MT
14b
new
Summery of the problem• We make great efforts ensuring adequate aggregates reserves for the
future. This was the aim of the national plan of mining (TAMA14b).
• However, extreme competition for land use is a major obstacle that we couldn’t solve.
• NIMBYism is a major threat for mining and quarrying plans in most parts of the country.
• Geographic distribution of the aggregates sources isn’t corresponding to high demand zones. It is safe to assume that in general the sources for aggregates would be more distant in future.
Better mineral efficiency is desirable
• All of the previous points (reserves, land use competition, NIMBY, transportation) are good motivations to increase quarry efficiency and utilization of byproducts.
• Utilization of lower quality aggregates seems to be a key approach to reduce reliance on longer transportation of aggregates in the future.
• We aim to introduce more flexibility in use of various aggregates quality range.
• Investments in technology to obtain efficiency and utilization of low grade resources are expected to be offset by shorter transport costs.
Other measures to ensure aggregate reserves
Decrease our consumption Better planning
Better technology
Expand our resources Optimize production methods
Use wastes and byproducts
Prior use of land designated to development
Dig deeper…
Reduce demand Increase supply
byproduct grout aggregate
15-25%
0-10%
75-85%
manufactured sand Coarse aggregate
10-15%
Hard rock quarries- source of coarse and fine primary aggregates
2%
18%
80%
other
sand for mortar
sand for concrete
Fine sand 0-5%
Flint pebbles 20-40%
Sand pits- source of fine (and coarse?) primary aggregates
Deeper quarries
Dee
per
qu
arri
es
trend 1
Rotem
Transport by rail and road
Transport by road
New source for natural fine aggregates- the Rotem sand pits
Arad
trend 2
X
X
X
Total Clayish sand Marl Sand
Total
Estimeted sand resources
Proven sand resurves
Overburden
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Mill
ion
s To
ns SAND MINING 2001-2016
Utilization of Coal AshManufactured sand- quarry fines
Alternatives of natural sand for concrete
trend 3
‘multi-layer’ mining
‘Fire clay’ under sand Sand under ‘common clay’
trend 4
Mining land prior to development
trend 5
Sand extraction: PV- Dimona
Common clay extraction: Kiryat-Gat
Excavation waste (national plan 14d)
trend 6
Fill m3 152,100
Dig m3 1,026,300
Underground Mining for Aggregates• For economic feasibility it is
important to find suitable site in close proximity to demand zone to offset the higher production costs.
• For geological and engineering feasibility the recruitments are: • Thick layer of useful rock
• Accessibility, terminal location.
• Safety, rock fractures and strengthHigh Rock Quality Designation (RQD) is desirable to increase safety and decrease costs of support.
trend 7
Quarry
Original
topography
Quarry
final
elevation
Integrated
plan for
surface
elevation
Integrated Planning of Large Housing Projects withQuarry Land Reclamation
trend 8
Thanks