expeditioning - community and the group
DESCRIPTION
When planning for a 13 day bushwalk, how will the group of walkers work together? What makes a community?TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Community and Community and the groupthe group
OEEDU 6002 Expeditioning – Week 5
![Page 2: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Large human movements spring from individual human initiatives. If you feel that you cannot have much of an effect, the next person may also become discouraged and a great opportunity will have been lost. On the other hand, each of us can inspire others simply by working to develop our own altruistic motivation
His Holiness the Dalai Lama
“”
![Page 3: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
Community
• Have you experienced real community?
• Palmer suggests that most experiences of
community are actually only pseudo-
community?
![Page 4: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
Parker Palmer on real C.
• The concept of community has been distorted - most references
to community are more realistically - Pseudocommunity – where
people hate conflicts
• By contrast real community is only reached through hard work
… at a great cost.
• To be connected – you have to look at your heart – otherwise
you will not be able to respond to criticism – you will always be
defending. The heart needs to be a place of peace. (need to
know what you believe and be OK with that - worldviews ?)
• Real community involves: taking social risks, being vulnerable,
being able to forgive, soft individualism, working from a position
of weakness, taking responsibility for our own actions.
![Page 5: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Is community that important?
• Rousseau (1991) - we all experience an
ontological loneliness
• This brings discomfort, loneliness, anguish.
• Our distinctively human way of overcoming
solitude is to “enter into unity with, share the
existence of, other beings through knowing
and loving them” (p35)
• What are the consequences of non-
community? 5
![Page 6: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
The “true” meaning of community (according to Peck 1990)
• Concept of community is used far too loosely
• Community is like a gem - multi-faceted,
inherently mysterious, miraculous,
unfathomable
![Page 7: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
1. Inclusivity
• Most groups are exclusive cliques that work
hard to keep people out.
• It is much easier to exclude rather than
include.
• Communities seek to be inclusive
• Inclusivity extends the groups
![Page 8: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
2. Commitment
• Must be a willingness to co-exist - and make
it work
• Requires an appreciation of differences.
![Page 9: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
3. Consensus
• Community avoids the use of voting to
resolve differences - as in a democracy
• Consensus values individual difference -
which is not congruent with “majority rules”.
• Consensus is when all agree that they have
come to the best decision for the group at that
time, given all the circumstances.
![Page 10: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
4. Realism• Diversity and difference are more likely to
produce realistic solutions to problems
• The multiple points of view and freedom of
expression usually gives a better
understanding of the situation
• Humility is a key ingredient because you
begin to appreciate other people’s gifts and
recognise your own limitations
![Page 11: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
5. Contemplation
• Community is self examining, self-critical, self
aware
• Contemplation is the key to insight
• You don’t reach community and sit back and
relax
![Page 12: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
6. A safe place
• Acceptance and freedom to be yourself is a
critical part of community
• Community is healing - even though that is
not the focus of community - more a by
product
![Page 13: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
A group of leaders
• Total decentralisation of authority
• Not leaderless - leader-full
• Flow of leadership
![Page 14: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
16
Community concepts• Community is essentially about being a part of a group
where:
- people can be themselves with fear of being judged or condemned
by others
- People are committed to work together and although conflicts occur
they are resolved without big dramas.
- Forgiveness runs freely.
- People’s strengths are respected and utilised for the good of the
group. People’s weaknesses are shared, understood, and
accepted.
- You feel safe to try (and possibly fail) new things.
- People are welcome to participate in the group - it is not just a little
club for people who feel the same way. 16
![Page 15: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
17
Community in OE
• How realistic is it to expect us to
experience/promote community in our OE
program?
• What are the constraints to establishing true
community - what makes it hard for OE?
• Should community even be something that
we strive for in OE programs?
![Page 16: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
18
Community on Expo...• Are you prepared/committed to work that hard to reach
this “state of group functioning” ?
• Forgive people when they hurt you? Current and/or past?
• Accept people with quite different views of the world to
you?
• Accept and value people who annoy you and get on your
nerves?
• Be prepared to really let your walls down?
• Not just bite your tongue to avoid conflicts?
• Speak up in the group?
![Page 17: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
19
Models of group development
• The most well known is Tuckman and
Jensen’s (1977) model of:
- Forming
- Storming
- Norming
- Performing
- Mourning/adjourning
![Page 18: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
20
Peck’s stages of community
• Peck’s stages of Community
- Pseudocommunity
- Chaos
- Emptiness
- Community
• Essentially a sequential model.
![Page 19: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
21
Pseudocommunity• People may pretend to be vulnerable - but it is all
unreal
• There is no such thing as instant community
• Conflict avoidance is the key feature of this stage
• Minimisation, lack of acknowledgment, or ignoring of
individual differences.
• Key is not to offend, annoy or irritate anyone - and
when people make you feel that way: ignore it,
pretend your not bothered, and change the subject
(good hostess behaviour)
![Page 20: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
22
Chaos• Usually well intentioned but misguided attempts to heal or convert
…. “everything would be much better if only you were more like
me!”
• People resist change which gets the H&C working even harder.
• Individual differences are no longer ignored, they are “out”, but the
group attempts to obliterate them.
• Unconstructive, noisy, uncreative … not a lot of fun.
• Leader often gets a good serve too !
• Tempting to escape into “organisation” - it is a solution to the
chaos problem but it will not lead to “true community”.
• Fighting is far better than pretending you are not divided. It is
painful …. But it is a beginning.
![Page 21: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
23
Emptiness• Not an attractive solution to chaos
• People empty themselves of barriers to communication - feelings,
assumptions, ideas, motives - self protection mechanisms that we
have been developing very successfully for years.
• Expectations and Preconceptions
• Prejudices (conscious and subconscious.)
• Ideology
• The need to heal, convert, fix, or solve (motive is often
questionable)
• Need to control
• Once people start to empty themselves …. They become receptive
to others and ….. They can enter the last stage ….
![Page 22: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
24
Community• Soft quietness descends
• Where to from here depends on task? - may be to
simply experience C and benefit from the healing?
• Always community building first - problem solving
second
• May slip back into chaos - need to work back through
stages.
• Emotions range from: joyful, loving, to sadness & grief
• Energy level is almost supernatural (sometimes
sexual?)- things going on in a spiritual level
![Page 23: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
25
Fight gracefully
• there are no sides, factions - cliques have
been dropped
• Community is a place where conflict can be
resolved without bloodshed
• Conflict resolution is a product more than a
pre-requisite to community
![Page 24: Expeditioning - Community and the group](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081414/5494be47b47959c1298b45e0/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
26
Group member behaviours
• According to Trotzer (1989) there are five categories
of group member behaviour …
- Resisting behaviours
- Manipulating behaviours
- Helping behaviours
- Emotional behaviours
- Sub-grouping behaviours
• Today’s message …
- Before you respond/intervene .. Look beyond behaviour and
try to understand possible cause or contributing factors
behind behaviour.