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CORPORATION EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer Additives R&D Laboratory Yutaka Yonezawa

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Page 1: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME 

RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 

1

ADEKA CorporationPolymer Additives R&D Laboratory

Yutaka Yonezawa

Page 2: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

Combining Flame Retardancy with Thermal Stability 

4 Summary

2

1 Introduction

3

2Flame Retardancy of

Intumescent Flame Retardant 

Contents

Page 3: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

Corporate Profile

3

Establishment

Business field

Capital

Affiliates

Employees

TB of FY2018

: 1917 (as Asahi Denka Kogyo) 

: Chemicals, Foods, Life sciences

: 22.9 billion¥

: 40 (Japan 18, Foreign 22)

: 5,154 (group total, 2019.3)

: 299.3 billion¥

Outline

ADEKA HQ(Front : Ogu R&D site)

Page 4: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

Business Field

FoodsBread and oil ingredients etc.

IT and Electronic chemicals

SemiconductorCircuit materials etc.

Commodity Chemicals

Polyalcohol etc.

Functional ChemicalsPolymer AdditivesLubricants etc.

Core Business︓Polymer Additives, Foods

4

Page 5: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

ADEKA Polymer Additive Products

5

Light stabilizers/Nucleating agents 

Additives for polyolefins and Engineering plastics

• Antioxidants        • Light stabilizers• Nucleating agents• Clarifiers• Metal deactivators• Flame retardants

Flame retardants 

Clarifiers 

Lead & Tin free PVC stabilizers 

• Stabilizers       • Plasticizers      

PVC stabilizers & plasticizers

Page 6: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

Typical Automotive Parts made from Polyolefins

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Bumper

Instrumental panel

Door panel

Cowl top

Parts around Engine 

Trim

• Low density• Superior mechanical properties• Excellent chemical resistance

Superiority of  Polyolefins• Recyclability• Ease of processing and molding• Low cost, etc.

Page 7: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

Limiting Oxygen Index(LOI) of Polymers

0 10 20 30 40 50

PPS

PPO

PA‐6

PC

PBT

ABS

PS

PP

PE

43

30

23

23

22

19

18

17

17

Flammability

Combustible

Incombustible

Common plastics

Engineering plastics

LOI

Polyolefins are very combustibleFlame retardants are necessary for polyolefins

7

Page 8: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

What is Flame retardant?

Additive to Inhibit the combustion of plastics  Plastics

+ Flame retardants

Halogen type

Metal Hydroxide typeExistingF.R.

8

Phosphorous type

・Br, Cl ‐ FR / Sb2O3

・Al(OH)2 , Mg(OH)3

・Phosphate FR・Intumescent FR (P‐N type)

Page 9: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

Mechanisms of Polymer Combustion

Polymer Fire Source

RadiationTransmission   

Decomposition(radical reaction)

Surface

Combustion Gas & Smoke Diffusion

O2

Inhibit or even suppress the combustion process

To provide flame retardancy to polymer

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Page 10: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

Intumescent FR (Halogen Free)

Intumescent system is a shield formation on the polymer surface 

Intumescent system blocks radiation and depresses pyrolysis gas diffusion.Fire SourcePolymer Surface

Intumescent shield

Shield it from• Heat radiation• Pyrolysis gas diffusion 

Radiation

Pyrolysis gas 

O2

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Features of Intumescent Flame Retardant・ Low smoke・ Low toxic gases generation (CO, HBr etc.)

Page 11: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

Br‐FR / Sb2O3 Intumescent(Int.)‐FR*

Strong FireDark smoke

Weak FireIntumescent Layer

These combustion behaviors are notably different with respect to the fire intensity and smoke.

Both samples are classified UL‐94 V‐0, but burning behavior differs :

Combustion Behavior of Flame Retarded PP

11* ADK STAB FP‐2500S

Page 12: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

Combining Flame Retardancy with Thermal Stability 

4 Summary

12

1Introduction of 

Intumescent Flame Retardant

3

2Flame Retardancy of

Intumescent Flame Retardant 

Contents

Page 13: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

Dosage to achieve V‐0 rating

@1.6mm ICP 

MFR 1.6 8 14 30

Dosage of Int.‐type*

32 % V‐0 V‐0

30 % V‐0 V‐2

28 % V‐0 V‐2

26 % V‐0  V‐2 V‐2

24 % V‐0 V‐2 V‐2 V‐2

22 % V‐0 V‐2 V‐2 V‐2

20 % N.R.  V‐2 V‐2 V‐2

18 % N.R. N.R. N.R. N.R.

Resin : ICPAdditives : AO‐60 / 2112 / CaSt = 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 phr

Ignition source 20 ± 1 mm

Specimen Bar

Ignition 10 (s) × 2 times

Ranking(Good) V‐0 > V‐1 > V‐2 > N.R. (Bad)

UL‐94V test

13

Burner

Specimen

* ADK STAB FP‐2500S

Page 14: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

Cone calorimeter measurement (ISO 5660-1)

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Heat

Heat release rate

CO, CO2, O2

Weight loss

Smoke density

Exhaust

Cone heater

Sample Stage

Information

Page 15: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

0 200 400 600 800 1000

Intumescent FR could depress HRR, dramatically.

Hea

t relea

se ra

te : kW

/m2

Time / s

Int. – FR* (26%)

Heat Release Rate

15* ADK STAB FP‐2500S

Base Polymer: PP‐h (MFR = 8)Process :  Pre‐Blend 30min

Extrusion 220 oCinjection   220 oC

Evaluation : Cone calorie meter Heat Flux 50 kW/m2

Sample 100 x 100 x 3 (mm)

Without FR

Page 16: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

Smoke Opacity and Smoke Toxicity (ISO 5659‐2)

Figure : Pictures of the cone heater (left) and the single smoke chamber (right) for ISO 5659‐2 test (Source: External institute)

The assessment of smoke opacity and smoke toxicity has been carried out according to ISO 5659‐2 (Smoke generation test) standard. The materials have been tested according to two degradation modes: 

1) Irradiance of 25 kW/m² with a pilot flame 2) Irradiance of 50 kW/m² without pilot flame 

These fire tests methods are part of the European Railway standard EN 45545‐2. 

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CORPORATION

Smoke Opacity & Toxicity (25 kW/m2)

Formulation Ds** Max

Smoke Toxicity and detected gases at 8 min

CITG(Toxicity Index)

CO2(mg/m3)

CO(mg/m3)

HBr(mg/m3)

SO2(mg/m3)

Control(PP only) 602 0.10 33,402 645 ND*** ND

Intumescent Type* 100 0.01 4,450 79 ND ND

Intumescent FR could depress not only smoke generation but provides also low CITG. Toxic gas generation is low as well. 

** Ds max: maximum specific optical density *** ND: Not detected

Heat Flux: 25 kW/m2 with pilot flameThickness: 3mmBase Polymer: PP‐bAdditives: GMS/AO‐60/2112/Ca stearate = 0.3/0.1/0.1/0.1

17

* The dosage which achieves V‐0 classification

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CORPORATION 18

Contents

4

1

3

2

Summary

Introduction of Intumescent Flame Retardant

Further Investigation on Thermal Stability

Combining Flame Retardancy with Thermal Stability 

Page 19: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

Automotive

Applications for which Thermal Stability is Required

Materials used in battery peripheryMaterials used for control panel

19"Image(s) or Footage (as applicable), used under license from Shutterstock.com"

For these applications, both flame retardancy and long thermal stability should be required.

Intumescent FR gives excellent thermal stability and shows synergistic effects with specific antioxidants.

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CORPORATION

Formulation

20

Formulation 

Process conditions Extrusion : Twin screw extruder at 220 ˚C Injection : at 220 ˚C (Mold : 40 ˚C) 

Oven agingat 150˚C (circulation air oven)

resin

FR

Additives

Impact copolymer, MFR = 14 

Int. – FR(ADK STAB FP‐2500S) : 28 % for V‐0 on [email protected] mm 

ADK STAB 2112 1) / ADK STAB AO‐60 or AO‐20 2) / Ca‐St / GMS = 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 /0.3 % 

Evaluation Cone Caolrie Meter at 50 kW/m2

1) Phosphite type Anti‐Oxidant2) Phenol type Anti‐Oxidant 

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CORPORATION

0100200300400500600

Flame Retardancy after Oven Aging at 150 oC

21* ADK STAB FP‐2500S

Int.‐ FR* + AO‐60bad

good

Before oven aging

After 1500 h

After 2500 hAfter 2500 h

Heat Relea

se Rate (kW

/ m2 )

Time / min

bad

good

Int. ‐ FR* + AO‐20Before oven aging

After 1500 h

After 2500 h

Time / min.

Total HRR at 4 min.0 h : 10 MJ/m²

1500 h : 16 MJ/m²2500h :61 MJ/m²

The Combination of Intmescent FRwith ADK STAB AO‐20 retained its flame retardancy longer.

0 5 10 15 20

Total HRR at 4 min.0 h : 13 MJ/m²

1500 h : 14 MJ/m²2500h :20 MJ/m²

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CORPORATION 22

Contents

4

1

3

2

Summary

Introduction of Intumescent Flame Retardant

Further Investigation on Thermal Stability

Combining Flame Retardancy with Thermal Stability 

Page 23: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

Intumescent flame retardant provides excellent performance :

1. Flame retardancyReducing the overall heat release rate 

and smoke opacity and smoke toxicity

2. Expand applications by additive combinationExcellent thermal stability in combination with advanced AO

Summary

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‘s Product range of Intumescent Flame RetardantsName FeatureADK STAB FP‐2100JC Higher Thermal StabilityADK STAB FP‐2500S Higher Flame Retardancy

Page 24: EXPANSION OF POLYOLEFIN APPLICATIONS VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME … · 2019. 7. 12. · VIA INTUMESCENT HALOGEN‐FREE FLAME RETARDANT TECHNOLOGY 1 ADEKA Corporation Polymer

CORPORATION

Thank you for your attention

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