existing kaoni gypsum (minor mineral) mining...
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FINAL EIA/EMP REPORT FOR
EXISTING KAONI GYPSUM (MINOR MINERAL) MINING PROJECT
AT
(ML NO 01/02, ML AREA 250.53 HA)
NEAR VILLAGE – KAONI, TEHSIL- KOLAYAT, DISTT - BIKANER
(RAJASTHAN)
Production Capacity:50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB (Category “A” as per EIA notification 2006 and its continuous amendments)
MCPL/EMD/MIN/2018-19/11/02/FINAL EIA V.00 Jan, 2020
APPLICANT FCI ARAVALI GYPSUM AND MINERALS INDIA LTD
Prepared By
MANTEC CONSULTANTS PVT.LTD. (QCI Accredited EIA Consultant at S.No.104 as per List of Accredited consultant Organizations/Rev. 82/Dec 2019
(NABET Accredited EIA consultant, MoEF&CC and NABL approved Laboratory)
Environment Division, D-36, Sector-6, Noida-201 301, U. P., Ph. 0120-4215000,
0120-4215807 Fax. 0120-4215809,
e-mail :[email protected]
http://www.mantecconsultants.co
ToR Letter No. J-11015/02/2019-IA.II (M) Dated 27.03.2019
Study Period: December 2018 to February 2019 (Winter Season)
Lease Area
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page i
TABLE OF CONTENT
TABLE OF CONTENT…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..I
LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................................................................... VI
LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................................................... VII
LIST OF ANNEXURE .................................................................................................................................... VIII
ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................................................. IX
UNDERTAKING BY PROJECT PROPONENT .............................................................................................. X
UNDERTAKING BY ACCREDITED CONSULTANT ORGANIZATION ................................................... XI
NABET ANNEXURE – VII ............................................................................................................................. XII
TOR COMPLIANCE ....................................................................................................................................... XVI
CHAPTER-1 : INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 PURPOSE OF REPORT ............................................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT ................................................................. 2
1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF NATURE, SIZE, LOCATION OF THE PROJECT AND ITS
IMPORTANCE TO THE COMPANY REGION ............................................................................................................ 3
1.3.1 Importance of Project ...................................................................................................................................... 4 1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY ...................................................................................................................................... 5
1.4.1 Environmental Clearance Process .............................................................................................................. 5 1.4.2 LAWS APPLICABLE TO THIS PROJECT ..................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER-2 : PROJECT DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................. 8
2.0 GENERAL ............................................................................................................................................................... 8
2.1 TYPE OF THE PROJECT .................................................................................................................................... 8
2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT ................................................................................................................................ 8
2.3 LOCATION OF PROJECT .......................................................................................................................................... 8
2.4 SIZE OR MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION (INCL. ASSOCIATED ACTIVITIES REQUIRED BY OR FOR THE
PROJECT) ...............................................................................................................................................................................12
2.5 TOPOGRAPHY OF THE AREA ................................................................................................................................12
2.6 GEOLOGY ................................................................................................................................................................12
2.6.1 Regional Geology ..............................................................................................................................................12 2.6.2 Local Geology .....................................................................................................................................................13 2.6.3 Physiography .....................................................................................................................................................13 2.6.4 Drainage ...............................................................................................................................................................13 2.6.5 Rainfall and Climatic condition ..................................................................................................................13 2.6.6 Seismicity of the Area .....................................................................................................................................13 2.7 EXPLORATION AND RESERVES .................................................................................................................14
2.7.1 Method of Estimation of Reserve ..............................................................................................................14 2.7.2 Life of mine .........................................................................................................................................................14 2.8 PREVIOUS PRODUCTION DETAIL ........................................................................................................................14
2.9 TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................15
2.9.1 Mining Methology ............................................................................................................................................15 2.9.2 The Ultimate Extent and Size of Quarries ..............................................................................................15 2.9.3 Ultimate capacity of Dumps .........................................................................................................................15
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page ii
2.9.4 Post Mining Reclamation Plan including afforestation ....................................................................15 2.9.5 Extent of Mechanization................................................................................................................................15 2.9.6 Waste Management .........................................................................................................................................16 2.9.7 Use of Mineral ....................................................................................................................................................16 2.9.8 Land Use Pattern of Mining Area at various stages ...........................................................................16 2.9.9 Project Requirements ....................................................................................................................................16 2.10 LITIGATION ............................................................................................................................................................19
2.11 SUMMARY ...............................................................................................................................................................19
CHAPTER-3 : DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................20
3.1 INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................................................20
3.2 STUDY AREA AND PERIOD ...................................................................................................................................20
3.3 STUDY PERIOD ......................................................................................................................................................20
3.3.1 Components & Methodology .......................................................................................................................21 3.4 AIR ENVIRONMENT ..............................................................................................................................................22
3.4.1 Micro-meteorological data ...........................................................................................................................22 3.4.2 Primary Data ......................................................................................................................................................23 3.5 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY .......................................................................................................................................24
3.5.1 Selection of Sampling Locations ................................................................................................................24 3.5.2 Methodology ......................................................................................................................................................26 3.5.3 Data Analysis .....................................................................................................................................................26 3.5.4 Interpretation: ...................................................................................................................................................29 3.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT..........................................................................................................................................30
3.6.1 Methodology of noise measurement .......................................................................................................30 3.6.2 Data Analysis .....................................................................................................................................................30 3.6.3 Interpretation ....................................................................................................................................................32 3.7 TRAFFIC STUDY .....................................................................................................................................................33
3.7.1 Data Analysis .....................................................................................................................................................33 3.7.2 Existing traffic scenario .................................................................................................................................33 3.7.3 Interpretation ....................................................................................................................................................35 3.8 WATER ENVIRONMENT .......................................................................................................................................37
3.8.1 Methodology ......................................................................................................................................................37 3.8.2 Interpretation of Results ...............................................................................................................................38 3.9 SOIL ENVIRONMENT.............................................................................................................................................40
3.9.1 Methodology ......................................................................................................................................................40 3.9.2 Data Analysis .....................................................................................................................................................40 3.9.3 Interpretation ....................................................................................................................................................42 3.10 LAND USE AND LAND COVER .............................................................................................................................42
3.10.1 Land Use of the Study area ........................................................................................................................42 3.10.2 Results ................................................................................................................................................................43 3.11 HYDROLOGY...........................................................................................................................................................47
3.11.1 Geomorphology ..............................................................................................................................................47 3.11.2 Geology ..............................................................................................................................................................48 3.11.3 Climate and Rainfall......................................................................................................................................48 3.11.4 Hydrogeology ..................................................................................................................................................49 3.11.5 Site specific Hydrogeology: .......................................................................................................................50 3.12 ECOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY .............................................................................................................................51
3.12.1 Introduction .....................................................................................................................................................51 3.12.2 Material and Methods ..................................................................................................................................51 3.12.3 Eco-Sensitive zone in the study area .....................................................................................................53 3.12.4 Description of vegetation and forest types in the project area ..................................................53
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page iii
3.12.5 Quantitative Attributes of the Vegetation of the Project Area ....................................................55 3.12.6 Fauna of the study area:..............................................................................................................................61 3.12.7 Aquatic Environment ...................................................................................................................................62 3.13 SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................64
3.13.1 Introduction .....................................................................................................................................................64 3.13.2 Objectives of the Study ................................................................................................................................65 3.13.3 Steps taken to prepare the SEIA Report ...............................................................................................65 3.13.4 Concept & Definition of terms used in the SEIA Report ................................................................66 3.13.5 Methodology ....................................................................................................................................................68 3.13.6 Study Area ........................................................................................................................................................69 3.13.7 Baseline Data ...................................................................................................................................................69 3.13.8 Population Composition .............................................................................................................................71 CHAPTER-4 : ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES ......75
4.1 INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................................................75
4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................75
4.2.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE ................................................................................................................................76 4.2.2 OPERATION PHASE ........................................................................................................................................76 4.2.3 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES .............................................................77 4.3 AIR QUALITY MODELING .............................................................................................................................77
4.3.1 ISCST3 Dispersion Model .............................................................................................................................77 4.3.2 Model Setup ........................................................................................................................................................77 4.3.3 Meteorological Data ........................................................................................................................................78 4.3.4 Modeling Methodology ..................................................................................................................................79 4.3.5 Results for PM 2.5 ............................................................................................................................................79 4.3.6 Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................................................80 4.3.7 Mitigation Measures .......................................................................................................................................82 4.4 IMPACTS OF AIR POLLUTION AND MITIGATION MEASURES .......................................................83
4.4.1 Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................................................84 4.5 IMPACTS OF NOISE/VIBRATIONS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ..............................................84
4.5.1 Mathematical Noise Model ...........................................................................................................................84 4.5.2 Noise Sources ....................................................................................................................................................84 Mitigation Measures ......................................................................................................................................................84 4.5.3 Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................................................85 4.6 IMPACTS OF WATER POLLUTION AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES ......................................85
4.6.1 Impact on Surface Water and ground water Environment ............................................................85 4.6.2 Mitigation Measures .......................................................................................................................................86 4.6.3 Management of generated domestic Waste ..........................................................................................87 4.7 IMPACTS ON LAND USE AND MITIGATION MEASURES ..................................................................89
4.7.1 Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................................................89 4.8 IMPACTS ON SOIL ENVIRONMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES ............................................89
4.9 IMPACTS ON HYDROLOGY AND MITIGATION MEASURES .............................................................90
4.9.1 Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................................................90 4.10 IMPACTS ON ECOLOGY & BIODIVERSITY AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES ........................91
4.10.1 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................................93 4.11 SOCIO ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE PROJECT ......................................................................................93
4.12 IMPACTS DUE TO SOLID WASTE/OVERBURDEN AND MITIGATION MEASURES ................94
4.13 IMPACTS ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY .....................................................................94
4.14 TRAFFIC ENVIRONMENT .............................................................................................................................95
Budget .................................................................................................................................................................................96 4.15 IMPACTS ON GEOLOGY AND MITIGATION ...........................................................................................96
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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4.16 MINE CLOSURE PLAN ....................................................................................................................................96
4.16.1 General ...............................................................................................................................................................96 4.17 SUMMARY ...........................................................................................................................................................97
CHAPTER-5 : ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) ......................................................99
5.1 INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................................................99
5.1.1 ALTERNATIVE FOR MINE LEASE ..............................................................................................................99 CHAPTER-6 : ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ................................................................... 100
6.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ 100
6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL ........................................................................................... 100
6.1.1 Responsibilities for Environmental Management Cell (EMC) .................................................... 100 6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND REPORTING PROCEDURE .......................................... 101
6.3 MONITORING METHODOLOGIES AND PARAMETERS .................................................................. 101
6.4 MONITORING SCHEDULE .......................................................................................................................... 103
6.5 LOCATIONS OF MONITORING STATIONS ........................................................................................... 103
6.6 BUDGET ALLOCATION FOR MONITORING ........................................................................................ 104
CHAPTER-7 : ADDITIONAL STUDIES ............................................................................................................... 105
7.0 GENERAL ............................................................................................................................................................ 105
7.1 PUBLIC CONSULTATION .................................................................................................................................. 105
7.1.1 Public Hearing Notice .................................................................................................................................. 105 7.1.2 Photographs of public Hearing ................................................................................................................ 106 7.1.3 Action plan for issue raised in Public Hearing .................................................................................. 107 The Proceedings of the Public Hearing has been issued by Regional Officer, Bikaner (Copy Attached as Annexure-...........) and action plan has been prepared against the issue raised in Public Hearing are as follows; ................................................................................................................................ 107 7.2 RISK ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................................................. 110
7.2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 110 7.2.2 Hazard identification and risk assessment ........................................................................................ 110 7.2.3 Mitigation measures and Disaster Management Plan ................................................................... 110 7.3 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY AT MINE SITE................................................................................. 113
7.3.1 The Occupational Health Surveillance Program .............................................................................. 114 7.3.2 Impact on Human Health ........................................................................................................................... 114 7.3.3 Implementation of Occupational Health and Safety Measures .................................................. 115 7.3.4 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................................ 115 7.4 SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................................ 116
CHAPTER-8 : PROJECT BENEFIT ....................................................................................................................... 117
8.0 GENERAL ............................................................................................................................................................. 117
8.1 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ................................................................................. 117
8.2 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE ..................................................................................... 117
8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL –SKILLED, SEMI-SKILLED AND UNSKILLED ............................ 117
8.4 ECOLOGICAL BENEFITS ............................................................................................................................. 118
8.5 CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT RESPONSIBILITY .............................................................................. 118
8.6 SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................................ 118
CHAPTER-9 : COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS ......................................................................................................... 119
CHAPTER-10 : ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN .......................................................................... 120
10.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ 120
10.1 LAND USE PATTERN ................................................................................................................................... 121
10.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT ..................................................................................................................................... 121
10.3 NOISE AND VIBRATION ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................ 121
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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10.3.1 Noise Abatement and Control ............................................................................................................... 121 10.4 WATER MANAGEMENT ............................................................................................................................. 122
10.4.1 Surface and Ground Water Management ......................................................................................... 122 10.4.2 Water Conservation ................................................................................................................................... 122 10.5 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ................................................................................................................ 122
10.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................................................. 122
10.7 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT ................................................................................................................. 122
10.7.1 Plan for Greenbelt ...................................................................................................................................... 125 10.7.2 Plan for link road and haulage road.................................................................................................... 125 10.7.3 General guidelines for Greenbelt Development ............................................................................. 125 10.8 CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY (CER) ........................................................... 130
10.9 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) .................................................................................. 130
10.10 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY .............................................................................................. 130
10.11 COST OF EMP MEASURES .......................................................................................................................... 131
10.12 DETAILS OF RAINWATER HARVESTING ............................................................................................ 131
10.13 CONSERVATION PLAN FOR SCHEDULED FAUNA IN THE STUDY AREA ................................ 133
10.13.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 133 10.13.2 Status of Biodiversity in the Study Area ......................................................................................... 133 10.13.3 Description of Schedule-I species ...................................................................................................... 133 10.13.4 Budget for Conservation Plan ............................................................................................................. 144 10.14 SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................................ 144
CHAPTER-11 : SUMMARY & CONCLUSION....................................................................................................... 145
11.1 GENERAL .......................................................................................................................................................... 145
11.2 DETAILS OF THE PROJECT ........................................................................................................................ 145
11.3 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ 146
11.4 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................. 146
11.5 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................... 146
11.6 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ....................... 147
11.7 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ................................................................................................................. 147
11.8 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ................................................................................... 147
11.9 ADDITOINAL STUDIES................................................................................................................................ 148
11.10 PROJECT BENEFIT ........................................................................................................................................ 148
11.11 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................................................................ 148
11.12 CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................................................................... 148
CHAPTER-12 : DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED ......................................................................... 149
12.1 INTRODUCTION OF ORGANIZATION ................................................................................................... 149
12.2 SERVICES OFFERED ..................................................................................................................................... 149
12.3 LABORATORY FACILITY & EQUIPMENTS .......................................................................................... 150
12.4 ADDRESS & CONTACTS .............................................................................................................................. 150
12.5 ESTEEMED CLIENTELE .............................................................................................................................. 151
12.6 OUR CREDENTIALS ...................................................................................................................................... 152
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page vi
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE 1-1: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT .......................................................................................... 3 TABLE 2-1: DETAILS OF MINING ....................................................................................................................... 12 TABLE 2-2: REGIONAL STRATIGRAPHIC SEQUENCE ...................................................................................... 12 TABLE 2-3: CATEGORY WISE RESERVE ............................................................................................................ 14 TABLE 2-4: FIVE YEARS PROPOSED PRODUCTION DETAILS ......................................................................... 14 TABLE 2-5: LIST OF MACHINERIES ................................................................................................................... 15 TABLE 2-6: LAND USE PATTERN AT VARIOUS STAGES .................................................................................. 16 TABLE 2-7:EMPLOYMENT DETAILS ................................................................................................................. 17 TABLE 3-1: ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS AND THEIR METHODOLOGIES ............................................ 21 TABLE 3-2 ONSITE METEOROLOGICAL DATA (PERIOD: 1ST DECEMBER 2018 TO 31ST FEBRUARY 2019)
.................................................................................................................................................................... 23 TABLE 3-3: SHOWING AMBIENT AIR MONITORING LOCATIONS .................................................................. 26 TABLE 3-4 TECHNIQUES ADOPTED/PROTOCOLS FOR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING ................. 26 TABLE 3-5 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA ........................................................................................................ 27 TABLE 3-6: SHOWING NOISE MONITORING LOCATIONS ............................................................................... 30 TABLE 3-7: CPCB NOISE STANDARDS .............................................................................................................. 32 TABLE 3-8: NOISE LEVEL DATA ........................................................................................................................ 32 TABLE 3-9: MONITORING LOCATION OF SURFACE WATER AND GROUND WATER ................................... 37 TABLE 3-10: SURFACE WATER QUALITY DATA .............................................................................................. 37 TABLE 3-11: SOIL SAMPLING LOCATIONS ....................................................................................................... 40 TABLE 3-12 PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL ................................................................................ 42 TABLE 3-13: LAND USE/ LAND COVER ANALYSIS .......................................................................................... 43 TABLE 3-14: GEOMORPHOLOGIC UNITS, THEIR DESCRIPTION AND DISTRIBUTION ................................. 47 TABLE 3-15: COORDINATES FOR LINE TRANSECT SURVEY .......................................................................... 51 TABLE 3-16:REFERENCE OF AUTHENTIC SECONDARY SOURCES ................................................................ 53 TABLE 3-17: NUMBER OF FLORAL SPECIES IN DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF THE STUDY AREA .............. 54 TABLE3-18: FLORAL SPECIES FOUND IN THE PROJECT AREA ...................................................................... 54 TABLE 3-19: PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES OF THE FLORAL SPECIES IN THE EASTERN DIRECTION
OF THE PROJECT SITE .............................................................................................................................. 56 TABLE 3-20: PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES OF THE FLORAL SPECIES IN THE NORTHERN
DIRECTION OF THE PROJECT SITE .......................................................................................................... 57 TABLE 3-21: PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES OF THE FLORAL SPECIES IN THE SOUTHERN
DIRECTION OF THE PROJECT SITE .......................................................................................................... 58 TABLE 3-22: PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES OF THE FLORAL SPECIES IN THE WESTERN
DIRECTION OF THE PROJECT SITE .......................................................................................................... 59 TABLE 3-23: MAMMALS SPECIES REPORTED FROM THE PROJECT AREA ................................................... 61 TABLE 3-24: REPTILE SPECIES OF THE PROJECT AREA ................................................................................. 61 TABLE 3-25: AVIAN SPECIES OF THE PROJECT AREA .................................................................................... 62 TABLE 3-26: BUTTERFLY SPECIES OF THE PROJECT AREA ........................................................................... 62 TABLE 3-27: LIST OF RURAL/URBAN AREAS IN THE STUDY AREA .............................................................. 69 TABLE 3-28: DEMOGRAPHIC PARTICULARS/POPULATION DETAILS OF THE STUDY AREA ..................... 69 TABLE 3-29: BASIC AMENITIES AVAILABLE IN THE STUDY AREA ............................................................... 73 TABLE 4-1: EMISSIONS RATES .......................................................................................................................... 78 TABLE 4-2: PREDICTED GLC OF PM10 AT AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS ..................... 79 TABLE 4-3: PREDICTED GLC OF PM2.5 AT AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS .................... 80 TABLE 4-4: IMPACT ON WATER REGIME AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE ................................................................ 86 TABLE 4-5:IMPACTS ON SOCIO ECONOMY AND MITIGATION MEASURES ................................................... 94 TABLE 6-1: MONITORING METHODOLOGIES AND PARAMETERS .............................................................. 101 TABLE 6-2: MONITORING SCHEDULE ............................................................................................................ 103 TABLE 10-1: MOST SUITABLE FLORAL SPECIES FOR THE GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT AND
PLANTATION ACTIVITIES IN THE PROJECT AREA .............................................................................. 123 TABLE 10-2:DETAILS OF CSR ACTIVITIES FOR THE YEAR 2016-2020 ....................................................... 130
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page vii
TABLE 10-3: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN................................................................................. 131 TABLE 10-4: DATA ASSUMED AND/OR AVAILABLE FOR RAIN WATER HARVESTING ............................. 132 TABLE 10-4: WATER QUANTITY OF RUNOFF WATER .................................................................................. 132 TABLE 10-5: HOURLY RUNOFF ....................................................................................................................... 132 TABLE10-6: BUDGET FOR CONSERVATION PLAN ........................................................................................ 144
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE 2-1: LOCATION MAP OF THE PROJECT SITE ........................................................................................ 9 FIGURE 2-2: SITE VISIT PHOTOGRAPHS ............................................................................................................. 9 FIGURE 2-3: 10 KM STUDY AREA MAP ............................................................................................................. 10 FIGURE 2-4:GOOGLE IMAGE (SHORT VIEW) OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT SITE ......................................... 10 FIGURE 2-5: TOPOGRAPHY MAP OF MINE LEASE AREA ................................................................................ 11 FIGURE2-6: WATER BALANCE .......................................................................................................................... 17 FIGURE 3-1: WIND ROSE DIAGRAM OF STUDY PERIOD (DECEMBER 2018 TO FEBRUARY 2019)............. 23 FIGURE 3-2: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATION .................................................................... 25 FIGURE 3-3 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATIONS OF PARTICULATE POLLUTANTS (PM10 AND PM 2.5) .......... 28 FIGURE 3-4 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF NO2 AND SO2 POLLUTANT ................................................ 28 FIGURE 3-5 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF CO POLLUTANT .................................................................. 29 FIGURE 3-6: NOISE QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS ............................................................................... 31 FIGURE 3-7 EQUIVALENT NOISE LEVELS AT ALL LOCATIONS ...................................................................... 32 FIGURE 3-8: PIE CHART REPRESENTATIONS FOR TOTAL VEHICULAR DATA ON SH-3 .............................. 34 FIGURE 3-9: SHOWING THE EVACUATION GATES AND HAULAGE ROAD /MOTORABLE ROAD MAP ....... 35 FIGURE 3-10:- TRANSPORTATION MAP OF 10 KM BUFFER AREA ................................................................ 36 FIGURE 3-11: MAP SHOWING WATER SAMPLING LOCATION ....................................................................... 39 FIGURE 3-12: MAP SHOWING SOIL SAMPLING LOCATIONS........................................................................... 41 FIGURE 3-13:LAND USE LAND COVER .............................................................................................................. 45 FIGURE 3-14: GEOLOGICAL AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL MAP OF THE BIKANER DISTRICT ...................... 48 FIGURE 3-15: RAINFALL DISTRIBUTION MAP OF THE DISTRICT ................................................................. 49 FIGURE 3-16: HYDROGEOLOGY AND STAGE OF GROUND WATER DEVELOPMENT (BLOCK WISE) MAP OF
BIKANER DISTRICT ................................................................................................................................... 50 FIGURE 3-17:DEPTH TO WATER LEVEL IN THE PRE AND POST MONSOON PERIOD (2011) ..................... 51 FIGURE 3-18: MAP SHOWING SAMPLING LOCATIONS FOR BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT ......................... 52 FIGURE 4-1: SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PREDICTED GLCS OF PM10 DUE TO MINING............................... 81 FIGURE 4-2: SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PREDICTED GLCS OF PM 2.5 DUE TO MINING ............................. 82 FIGURE 4-3:SITE SPECIFIC GROUND WATER TABLE ALONG WITH SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF WATER
TABLE ......................................................................................................................................................... 86 FIGURE 4-4: MODEL OF SEPTIC TANK FOR WASTE WATER TREATMENT .................................................. 87 FIGURE 7-1: NOTICE FOR PUBLIC HEARING .................................................................................................. 105 FIGURE 10-1: ENVIRONMENT MONITORING CELL ....................................................................................... 120 FIGURE 10-2: PLANTATION DONE BY FCI ARAVALI GYPSUM AND MINERALS LTD. ................................. 128 FIGURE 10-3: SURFACE PLAN SHOWING PLANTATION ............................................................................... 129
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page viii
LIST OF ANNEXURE
Annexure I: ToR Letter
Annexure II: Letter of Intent
Annexure III: Mine Plan Approval Letter
Annexure IV: Earlier EC, CTE & CTO
Annexure V: Past Production Details
Annexure VI: NABL Certificate
Annexure VII: Affidavit by Project Proponent
Annexure VIII: Environmental Policy of FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Annexure-IX: No dues certificate
Annexure-X: Public Hearing proceedings
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page ix
ABBREVIATIONS
R&R Rehabilitation & Resettlement RDS Respirable Dust Sampler RPM Respirable Particulate Matter RSPM Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter SE South- East SEIAA State Level Environmental Assessment Authority SO2 Sulphur-di-Oxide SOI Survey Of India SOPs Standard Operating Procedures SPCB State Pollution Control Board SPM Suspended Particulate Matter SSE South Of South-East SSW South Of South-West TPA Tone Per Hour TDS Total Dissolve Solid TOR Terms Of Reference TPH Tones Per Hour TS Total Solid US EPA United State Environmental Protection Agencies w.e.f. With Effective From w.r.t. With Reference To W/W Weight By Weight WNW West of North-West WSW West of South-West LOS Level of Service PCU Passenger Car Unit AAQM Ambient Air Quality Monitoring CM Centimeter CPCB Central Pollution Control Board dB Decibel DG Diesel Generator
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page x
Undertaking by Project Proponent
The Environmental Impact Assessment Report and Environment Management Plan for
Existing Kaoni Gypsum Mining project, over an area of area 250.53 ha with production
capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum and 136191 cu.m/year by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and
Minerals India Ltd by Mantec Consultants Pvt Ltd have been reviewed thoroughly at our
end before submission. I, on behalf of M/ FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
hereby undertake that the data and information provided in the report are correct to
the best of our understanding, and we own responsibility for correctness of contents of
the EIA report.
M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xi
Undertaking by Accredited Consultant Organization
I, A. S. Brara, hereby, confirm that the this EIA EMP Report for Existing Kaoni Gypsum
Mining project, over an area of area 250.53ha with production capacity 50,000 TPA
Gypsum and 136191 cu.m/year by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd has
been prepared at Mantec Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
I also confirm that I shall be fully accountable for any miss-leading information
mentioned in this Report.
Signature :
Name : Mr. A.S. Brara
Designation : CMD
Name of the EIA Consultant Organization: Mantec Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Noida-01301
QCI/NABET Accredited EIA Consultant at S.No.104 as per List of Accredited consultant
Organizations/Rev.82/Dec, 2019 and MoEF&CC and NABL approved Laboratory.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xii
NABET Annexure – VII
Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral)
Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA
Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat Distt - Bikaner
(Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd.
Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA:
I, hereby, certify that I was part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the
above EIA.
EIA Coordinator: Name : Mr. S.B. Sinha,
Signature and Date :
Period of Involvement: November 2018 to May 2019 EIA Coordinator: Name : Mr. Punit Lal Mahto,
Signature and Date :
Period of Involvement: October 2019 to till date
Functional Area Expert
S. No.
Functional Areas
Name of the Experts
Involvement (task & period)
Signature & Date
1 AP* Mr. A.S. Brara
November 2018 to May 2019 Identification of Air Quality Monitoring
Network Supervision of ambient air quality
monitoring Review of primary air quality
monitoring report and analysis Addressing air quality issues in EIA
Report and suggesting mitigation measures for impacts due to air pollution and review
Review and analysis of primary meteorological data
2 WP* Mr. S.B. Sinha
November 2018 to May 2019 Identification of water sampling
locations, their time and frequency
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xiii
pertaining to site conditions Counter checking of analysis of data by
literature study and consultation with local people and concerned departments
Identification of water quality by analysis report study and detection of potential hazards due to developmental activity
Checking of water availability by literature study and by interacting concerned Govt. Officials like GWB and irrigation dept.
Assisted by Mr. A.S. Brara in all aspects related to Water Pollution
3 SHW* Mr. S.B.
Sinha November 2018 to May 2019 Estimated the waste generation quantity
due to various construction activity Devising measures to minimize wastes;
recycle and disposal Identification methods of recycling and
reuse Ensured incorporation of the same into the EIA report.
4 SE* Mr. Anil Kumar
November 2018 to May 2019 Evaluation of socio economic status of
tribal/ non- tribal areas Assessment of social impact Collection of secondary information
Survey tool design Reconnaissance study, transect walk Community participation, Mitigation
plan Stakeholder consultation
5 EB Dr. Vivek Diwedi Dr. Rajdeep
November 2018 to May 2019 Visited site to identify the ecological
condition of project area by direct field study and identification of major floral and faunal species
Identification of potential impact due to the project interventions and developing mitigation measures by direct field study and consulting the stakeholders like forest and wildlife officials, local people etc.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xiv
6 HG* Mr. R. K. Khanna
November 2018 to May 2019 Identification of the water sources and
drainage pattern Analyze them to identify the likely
impacts Devise mitigation measures and assisted
in preparation of the EIA report.
7 GEO* Mr. B.M. Sinha
November 2018 to May 2019 Identification of nature of geology of
the project area Identification of areas likely to be
affected by soil erosion Devised protection measures for
embankment slope and water bodies
8 SC* Dr. Vivek Diwedi
November 2018-till now; Identification of soil quality and soil type
for establishing the baseline conditions Assessing the impact on soil due to
various activities of the project Suggest mitigation measures to control
the adverse impact Preparation of report for incorporation
in the EIA
Dr. Rajdeep November 2018-till now; Identification of soil quality and soil type
for establishing the baseline condition Assessing the impact on soil due to
various activities of the project Suggest mitigation measures to control
the adverse impact Preparation of report for incorporation
in the EIA
9 AQ* Mr. S.B. Sinha
November 2018 to May 2019 Analysis of air quality data,
meteorological data, traffic data etc. as per the requirements of Pollution Dispersion model (ISCST3)
Assessment of secondary data requirements for modeling, collection of secondary data like mixing height, stability class etc.
Predict air quality using pollution dispersion model (ISCST3)
Interpretation, analysis and presentation of predicted results of pollution dispersion modeling
Review and finalization of report
Mr. A.S. Brara
November 2018-till now; • Analysis of air quality data,
meteorological data, traffic data etc. as
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xv
per the requirements of Pollution Dispersion model (AERMOD)
• Assessment of secondary data requirements for modeling, collection of secondary data like mixing height, stability class etc.
• Predict air quality using pollution dispersion model (AERMOD)
• Interpretation, analysis and presentation of predicted results of pollution dispersion modeling
• Review and finalization of report 10 NV* Mr. A.S.
Brara November 2018-till now; • Identification of Noise Quality
Monitoring Network and noise sensitive location along the project stretch
• Supervision of ambient noise quality monitoring
• Review of noise quality monitoring report
• Addressing noise related issues in EIA report and suggesting measures for impacts due to noise pollution
Analysis of noise quality data, traffic data etc. as per the requirement of mathematical model of FHWA-TNM Interpretation, analysis and presentation of predicted results.
11 LU* Mr. Manoj Kr. Singh
November 2018-till now; Identification and collection of satellite
images and other associated maps for the project area
Creation of GIS data base and processing of satellite imageries
Devised measure to save sensitive and productive land uses by suggesting option of realignment, bypass and eccentric widening
Analysis of land use map and incorporation of land use details into EIA
12 RH* Mrs. Ashwani Ganvir
November 2018-till now; Identification of the potentially
hazardous material and events that night occur during various phases of the project
Devising contingency plan for each type of hazard
Incorporation of the same in the EIA report
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xvi
TOR COMPLIANCE
ToR was issued by Ministry of Environment & Forests, New Delhi vide file NoJ-11015/02/2019-IA.II (M) on dated 27.03.2019 for the for Existing
Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year
OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd. Point wise compliance of
ToR has been given below in table:-
ToR Description Reply Citation
Standard Terms of Reference (TOR) for Mining Project
1. The TOR will not be operational till such time the
Project Proponent complies with all the
statutory requirements and judgment of Hon‘ble
Supreme Court dated the 2nd August 2017 in
Writ Petition (Civil) No. 114 of 2014 in the
matter of Common Cause versus Union of India
and Ors.
Project Proponent will comply with all the statutory
requirements and judgment of Hon‘ble Supreme Court dated
the 2nd August 2017 in Writ Petition (Civil) No. 114 of 2014 in
the matter of Common Cause versus Union of India and Ors.
--
2. Department of Mining & Geology, State
Government shall ensure that mining operation
shall not commence till the entire compensation
levied, for illegal mining paid by the Project
Proponent through their respective Department
of Mining & Geology in strict compliance of
judgment of Hon‘ble Supreme Court dated the
2nd August 2017 in Writ Petition (Civil) No. 114
of 2014 in the matter of Common Cause versus
Union of India and Ors.
Not applicable, as mining operation is being carried out from
the allotted mine lease for Mining of Gypsum. There is no
illegal mining.
No dues NOC dated 28.11.2018 has been obtained from Mines
and Geology Department, Bikaner.
Annexure-IX
3. Year-wise production details since 1994 should
be given, clearly stating the highest production
achieved in any one year prior to 1994. It may
This is a existing mining Lease area and lease has been grant
by DMG vide order no. F-3(141) Khan/Group-2/07 on dated
17/10/2011 for a period of 20 years i.e. 01/04/2003 to
Annexure-II
Annexure-V.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xvii
also be categorically informed whether there had
been any increase in production after the EIA
Notification, 1994 came into force w.r.t. the
highest production achieved prior to 1994.
31/03/2023. As per the amendment in MMDR Act-1957 came
in to existence on dated 12.01.2015 where the lease period is
automatically extended for 50 years i.e. up to 31.03.2053. Past
production details is attached as Annexure-V.
4. A copy of the document in support of the fact
that the Proponent is the rightful lessee of the
mine should be given.
The copy of lease grant from Mining department and a copy of
Earlier EC is attached as Annexure-II and IV.
Annexure-II
Annexure-IV
5. All documents including approved mine plan,
EIA and Public Hearing should be compatible
with one another in terms of the mine lease area,
production levels, waste generation and its
management, mining technology etc. and should
be in the name of the lessee.
Complied. --
6. All corner coordinates of the mine lease area,
superimposed on a High Resolution
Imagery/toposheet, topographic sheet,
geomorphology and geology of the area should
be provided. Such an Imagery of the proposed
area should clearly show the land use and other
ecological features of the study area (core and
buffer zone).
All corners of the coordinates of ML area are superimposed on
topo sheet of survey of India Toposheet (OSM) No.44 H/4,
44H/3, 44D/15, 44D/14 and given in Chapter-1.
High Resolution Imagery/topo-sheet, topographic sheet of the
10 Km radius study area of proposed project has been given in
land environment study of Chapter-3.
Chapter-2, Figure 2-5,
Page –11
Chapter-3, Figure 3-
15, page 45
7. Information should be provided in Survey of
India Toposheet in 1:50,000 scale indicating
geological map of the area, geomorphology of
land forms of the area, existing minerals and
mining history of the area, important water
bodies, streams and rivers and soil
characteristics.
All maps are provided superimposed on toposheet of survey
of India in 1:50,000 scales showing all land forms of the area,
important water bodies, streams and rivers etc. are given in
chapter 3.
Geological and Mineral Map of Bikaner District is incorporated
in chapter-3 of EIA/EMP Report.
Chapter-2, Figure 2-5,
Page 11
Chapter-3, Figure 3-
15, page 45
Chapter-3, Figure-3-
17, page 48
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xviii
Important water bodies, streams and rivers related
information given in Chapter-1.
Chapter-1, Table-1-1
page 3
8. Details about the land proposed for mining
activities should be given with information as to
whether mining conforms to the land use policy
of the State; land diversion for mining should
have approval from State land use board or the
concerned authority.
The allotted lease area is 250.53 ha at Near Village – Kaoni,
Tehsil Kolayat Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan). This lease area has
been allotted to proponent by government hence, there is no
land diversion needed.
------
9. It should be clearly stated whether the
proponent Company has a well laid down
Environment Policy approved by its Board of
Directors? If so, it may be spelt out in the EIA
Report with description of the prescribed
operating process/procedures to bring into
focus any infringement/deviation/violation of
the environmental or forest norms/ conditions?
The hierarchical system or administrative order
of the Company to deal with the environmental
issues and for ensuring compliance with the EC
conditions may also be given. The system of
reporting of non-compliances / violations of
environmental norms to the Board of Directors
of the Company and/or shareholders or
stakeholders at large, may also be detailed in the
proposed safeguard measures in each case
should also be provided.
Yes, The company has formulated Environmental policy which
is approved by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India
Ltd and has been incorporated in EIA report.
The Policy contains the hierarchical system of the company to
deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring the
compliance with EC conditions. All the non-
compliances/violations of environmental laws will as per
QMS.
Annexure-VIII
Chapter-10, section
10.0, figure-10-1, page
120
10. Issues relating to Mine Safety, including
subsidence study in case of underground mining
and slope study in case of open cast mining,
Mines safety for workers working at the site has been taken
care of. Safety measures related to risks during mining
activity, natural disasters, etc. has been proposed. The details
Chapter-7, section 7.2,
7.3 page 110-115.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xix
blasting study etc. should be detailed. The
proposed safeguard measures in each case
should also be provided.
Risk assessment study has been incorporated in the EIA/EMP
Report.
There will be no underground mining; hence, subsidence
study is not required.
Blasting Study
There is no blasting activity is proposed in this mining project.
11. The study area will comprise of 10 km zone
around the mine lease from lease periphery and
the data contained in the EIA such as waste
generation etc. should be for the life of the mine
/ lease period.
10 Km periphery of the ML boundary has been considered as
study area in this EIA report.
Life of Mine at the rate of 50000 TPA excavation rate will be
14.05 Years.
The total OB generated during the next five years will be
682589 m3.
Chapter-2, section
2.7.2 and 2.9.6, Table-
2-4 page 14-16.
12. Land use of the study area delineating forest
area, agricultural land, grazing land, wildlife
sanctuary, national park, migratory routes of
fauna, water bodies, human settlements and
other ecological features should be indicated.
Land use plan of the mine lease area should be
prepared to encompass preoperational,
operational and post operational phases and
submitted. Impact, if any, of change of land use
should be given.
Land Use of the study area has been incorporated.
S. No Classes Area (sq.km) Area in % 1 Settlement 79.47 20.40
2 Agriculture 210.15 53.94
3 Vegetation 4.43 1.14 4 Waste Land 1.26 0.32 5 Water Bodies 2.11 0.54 6 Desert 92.18 23.66
Total 389.60 100.00
Land use plan of the mine lease area showing the
preoperational, operational and post operational phases is
incorporated in Chapter-2 of the EIA/EMP Report.
Impact of mining on land use also incorporated in Chapter-4.
Chapter-3, section-
3.10, Table 3-13, Page
43
Chapter-2, section-
2.9.8, Table- 2-6, Page-
16
Chapter-4, section-4.7,
page 89.
13. Details of the land for any Over Burden Dumps
outside the mine lease, such as extent of land
area, distance from mine lease, its land use, R&R
There is 682589 m3 waste will be generated during the next 5
years and generated quantity of OB will be simultaneously
year wise backfilled in 17.62 ha.
Chapter -2, section
2.7.2 and 2.9.6, Table-
2-4 page 14-16
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xx
issues, if any, should be given. At the end of the mine 241.18, ha area will be mined out and
followed by backfilling. All the backfilled part will be
converted into green belt. There is no human settlement in
allotted mine lease area.
14. A Certificate from the Competent Authority in
the State Forest Department should be provided,
confirming the involvement of forest land, if any,
in the project area. In the event of any contrary
claim by the Project Proponent regarding the
status of forests, the site may be inspected by the
State Forest Department along with the Regional
Office of the Ministry to ascertain the status of
forests, based on which, the Certificate in this
regard as mentioned above be issued. In all such
cases, it would be desirable for representative of
the State Forest Department to assist the Expert
Appraisal Committees.
The Mining Lease area does not involve any forest land. --
15. Status of forestry clearance for the broken up
area and virgin forestland involved in the Project
including deposition of net present value (NPV)
and compensatory afforestation (CA) should be
indicated. A copy of the forestry clearance should
also be furnished.
The Mining Lease area does not involve any forest land. ---
16. Implementation status of recognition of forest
rights under the Scheduled Tribes and other
Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of
Forest Rights) Act, 2006 should be indicated.
There is no involvement of forest land in the project area. --
17. The vegetation in the RF / PF areas in the study
area, with necessary details, should be given.
Proposed mine lease area is free from any forest land (RF/PF).
There is no National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Biosphere
Chapter-3, section-
3.12, page 53-62.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxi
Reserve within 10 km of project site. Vegetation study has
been done in 10 Km periphery of mine lease area and their
details is given in Chapter-3.
18. A study shall be got done to ascertain the impact
of the Mining Project on wildlife of the study
area and details furnished. Impact of the project
on the wildlife in the surrounding and any other
protected area and accordingly, detailed
mitigative measures required, should be worked
out with cost implications and submitted.
EB Study has been carried out by the Ecology and Biodiversity
Expert (NABET/QCI Approved) in and around the lease area
to study the wild life of the area heir details is given in
Chapter-3.
Nine Schedule-I species (Wildlife protection Act, 1972) was
recorded and their conservation plan (Rs. 20 Lakhs) has been
given in Chapter-10 of EIA/EMP Report.
Chapter-3, section-
3.12, page 53-62.
Chapter-10, section-
10.13, page 131
19. Location of National Parks, Sanctuaries,
Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Corridors, Ramsar
site Tiger/Elephant Reserves/(existing as well as
proposed), if any, within 10 km of the mine lease
should be clearly indicated, supported by a
location map duly authenticated by Chief
Wildlife Warden. Necessary clearance, as may be
applicable to such projects due to proximity of
the ecologically sensitive areas as mentioned
above, should be obtained from the Standing
Committee of National Board of Wildlife and
copy furnished.
No National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuary, Biosphere Reserves
Wildlife Corridors, Tiger/Elephant Reserves/Critically
Polluted areas/Aravali are falling within 10 Km of the study
area.
Chapter-1 & 2, Table-
1-1, page-3 and
Figure-2-5, page 11
20. A detailed biological study of the study area
[core zone and buffer zone (10 km radius of the
periphery of the mine lease)] shall be carried
out. Details of flora and fauna, endangered,
endemic and RET Species duly authenticated,
separately for core and buffer zone should be
A detailed biological study (of 10 Km radius study area) was
conducted by Ecology and Biodiversity Expert and the details
are incorporated in the Chapter 3.
List of Flora and Fauna has been prepared based on primary
survey and secondary sources.
Chapter-3, section-
3.12, page 51-64.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxii
furnished based on such primary field survey,
clearly indicating the Schedule of the fauna
present. In case of any scheduled-I fauna found
in the study area, the necessary plan along with
budgetary provisions for their conservation
should be prepared in consultation with State
Forest and Wildlife Department and details
furnished. Necessary allocation of funds for
implementing the same should be made as part
of the project cost
21. Proximity to Areas declared as ‘Critically
Polluted‘ or the Project areas likely to come
under the ‘Aravali Range‘, (attracting court
restrictions for mining operations), should also
be indicated and where so required, clearance
certifications from the prescribed Authorities,
such as the SPCB or State Mining Dept. Should be
secured and furnished to the effect that the
proposed mining activities could be considered.
The project site is neither falling in proximity to area declared
as Critically Polluted nor falling in Aravali Range. The valid
and lawful LoI of this project site has been granted to the lease
holder by the Mining Department of Rajasthan Government.
The mine lease area is neither falling under Aravali Plantation
nor in forest area under section 4 and 5 PLPA 1900 as per
record of Forest Department, Govt. of Rajasthan.
Annexure-II
22. Similarly, for coastal Projects, A CRZ map duly
authenticated by one of the authorized agencies
demarcating LTL. HTL, CRZ area, location of the
mine lease w.r.t CRZ, coastal features such as
mangroves, if any, should be furnished. (Note:
The Mining Projects falling under CRZ would
also need to obtain approval of the concerned
Coastal Zone Management Authority).
Not Applicable, since the project site does not comes under
coastal area.
--
23. R&R Plan/compensation details for the Project
Affected People (PAP) should be furnished.
There is no Project Affected Person (PAP) by the proposed
mining activities. Hence, there is no need of R&R Plan.
--
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxiii
While preparing the R&R Plan, the relevant
State/National Rehabilitation & Resettlement
Policy should be kept in view. In respect of SCs
/STs and other weaker sections of the society in
the study area, a need based sample survey,
family-wise, should be undertaken to assess
their requirements, and action programmes
prepared and submitted accordingly, integrating
the sectoral programmes of line departments of
the State Government. It may be clearly brought
out whether the village(s) located in the mine
lease area will be shifted or not. The issues
relating to shifting of village(s) including their
R&R and socio-economic aspects should be
discussed in the Report.
Socio economic study has been done and incorporated in
chapter 3.
Chapter-3, section
3.13, page 64-74.
24. One season (non-monsoon) [i.e. March May
(Summer Season); October-December (post
monsoon season); December- February winter
season)]primary baseline data on ambient air
quality as per CPCB Notification of 2009, water
quality, noise level, soil and flora and fauna shall
be collected and the AAQ and other data so
compiled presented date-wise in the EIA and
EMP Report. Site-specific meteorological data
should also be collected. The location of the
monitoring stations should be such as
torepresent whole of the study area and justified
keeping in view the predominant downwind
direction and location of sensitive receptors.
Baseline data of study area within 10 Km radius of the project
site was collected during winter season (Dec. 2018 to
February 2019) as per ToR no. J-11015/02/2019-IA.II (M)
approved from MoEF&CC dated 27.03.2019.
The laboratory report and field monitoring data of Air, water,
noise and soil etc. has been collected and give in EIA/EMP
Report.
Site specific meteorology data was collected and incorporated
in EIA/EMP Report.
Chapter-3, section 3.4-
3.12 page 22-64.
Chapter-3, section
3.4.2, page 22-23.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxiv
There should be at least one monitoring station
within 500m of the mine lease in the pre -
dominant downwind direction. The
mineralogical composition of PM10, particularly
for free silica, should be given.
25. Air quality modeling should be carried out for
prediction of impact of the project on the air
quality of the area. It should also take into
account the impact of movement of vehicles for
transportation of mineral. The details of the
model used and input parameters used for
modelling should be provided. The air quality
contours may be shown on a location map
clearly indicating the location of the site, location
of sensitive receptors, if any, and the habitation.
The wind roses showing pre-dominant wind
direction may also be indicated on the map.
Complied in chapter 4 of EIA/ EMP Report. Chapter-4, section 4.3
at Page-77
26. The water requirement for the Project, its
availability and source should be furnished. A
detailed water balance should also be provided.
Fresh water requirement for the Project should
be indicated.
Water requirement in this project site is 43.55 KLD. Water will
be taken from existing water sources from tanker supply. The
details are incorporated in the EIA/EMP report.
Total Water Requirement= 43.55KLD
Dust Suppression =17.15 KLD
Plantation= 25 KLD
Domestic Purpose= 1.4 KLD
Chapter-2, section
2.9.9.1 page 16-17.
27. Necessary clearance from the Competent
Authority for drawl of requisite quantity of
water for the Project should be provided.
Water requirement will be fulfilled through the hired tanker
supply.
----
28. Description of water conservation measures
proposed to be adopted in the Project should be
Plantation is proposed, which will increase the water holding
capacity and help in recharging of ground water. Rainwater
Chapter-10, section-
10.12 page 131
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxv
given. Details of rainwater harvesting proposed
in the Project, if any, should be provided.
harvesting has been proposed to install. For water harvesting
system Rs. 0.70 lakhs budget has been allocated in the EMP.
29. Impact of the Project on the water quality, both
surface and groundwater, should be assessed
and necessary safeguard measures, if any
required, should be provided.
No toxic substances are released both into the atmosphere or
water courses due to mining of gypsum. Water sampling of
both surface water was done and tested. Water quality is
below the permissible limit.
Impacts & its mitigation measures are discussed in chapter-4.
Chapter-4, section 4.6,
page 85.
30. Based on actual monitored data, it may clearly be
shown whether working will intersect
groundwater. Necessary data and
documentation in this regard may be provided.
In case the working will intersect groundwater
table, a detailed Hydro Geological Study should
be undertaken and Report furnished. The Report
inter-alia, shall include details of the aquifers
present and impact of mining activities on these
aquifers. Necessary permission from Central
Ground Water Authority for working below
ground water and for pumping of ground water
should also be obtained and copy furnished.
The ground water table will be intercepted 40-50 meter below
the surface and the mining is proposed up to an ultimate
depth of 4.55 meter. So, mining will not intersect the ground
water table.
Chapter-4, Figure-4-3
page 86.
31. Details of any stream, seasonal or otherwise,
passing through the lease area and modification
/ diversion proposed, if any, and the impact of
the same on the hydrology should be.
There is no stream modification/ diversion due to proposed
mining activity.
--
32. Information on site elevation, working depth,
ground water table etc. Should be provided both
in AMSL and BGL. A schematic diagram may also
be provided for the same.
Schematic diagram of mining depth also incorporated in
Chapter-4.
Chapter-4, Figure-4-3
page 86.
33. A time bound Progressive Greenbelt A suitable combination of trees that can grow fast and have Chapter-10, section-
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxvi
Development Plan shall be prepared in a tabular
form (indicating the linear and quantitative
coverage, plant species and time frame) and
submitted, keeping in mind, the same will have
to be executed up front on commencement of the
Project. Phase-wise plan of plantation and
compensatory afforestation should be charted
clearly indicating the area to be covered under
plantation and the species to be planted. The
details of plantation already done should be
given. The plant species selected for green belt
should have greater ecological value and should
be of good utility value to the local population
with emphasis on local and native species and
the species which are tolerant to pollution.
good leaf cover shall be adopted to develop the greenbelt. It is
proposed to plant 5000 numbers of native species every year.
Schedule of Plantation has been given in EIA/ EMP Report.
10.7 page -122
34. Impact on local transport infrastructure due to
the Project should be indicated. Projected
increase in truck traffic as a result of the Project
in the present road network (including those
outside the Project area) should be worked out,
indicating whether it is capable of handling the
incremental load. Arrangement for improving
the infrastructure, if contemplated (including
action to be taken by other agencies such as
State Government) should be covered. Project
Proponent shall conduct Impact of
Transportation study as per Indian Road
Congress Guidelines.
During the mining operation the mine out Gypsum material
will be transported by road, this will increase the existing
traffic.
About 18 PCU will be added to the existing traffic in the area,
daily. The existing network of roads would be able to absorb
additional PCU. Details traffic study is given in Chapter-3
However, regular maintenance of roads is proposed.
Details regarding impact, mitigation and control measures of
traffic are discussed in chapter-4.
Chapter-3, section 3.7,
Page 33-36.
Chapter-4, section
4.14, Page 95.
35. Details of the onsite shelter and facilities to be Facilities like mine office, rest shelter, first aid room, tool Chapter-2, section
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxvii
provided to the mine workers should be
included in the EIA report.
store, drinking water facility and work shop will be
constructed at the mine site as given in chapter-2.
2.9.9.4, page 18.
36. Conceptual post mining land use and
Reclamation and Restoration of mined out areas
(with plans and with adequate number of
sections) should be given in the EIA report.
Conceptual post mining Land use is incorporated in the
EIA/EMP Report.
Chapter-2, section
2.9.8, Table 2-6, page
16
37. Occupational Health impacts of the Project
should be anticipated and the proposed
preventive measures spelt out in detail. Details
of pre-placement medical examination and
periodical medical examination schedules should
be incorporated in the EMP. The project specific
occupational health mitigation measures with
required facilities proposed in the mining area
May be detailed.
In view of the mining the workers shall be trained to do their
jobs in safe manner. Protective equipments would be
provided. Regular health checks shall be conducted.
The details of Occupational health aspects related to various
activities and preventive and mitigation measures proposed
are given in Chapter-4.
Chapter-7, section 7.3,
page 113-115
Chapter-4, section
4.13, page 94.
38. Public health implications of the Project and
related activities for the population in the impact
zone should be systematically evaluated and the
proposed remedial measures should be detailed
along with budgetary allocations.
Public health implication like respiratory disorders, noise
induced problems are major issues which will be addressed
properly. Study has been performed which includes to gain an
understanding of the source, identification of exposure
pathway and determination of likely receptor. The impact will
not be concentrated and confined to particular zone. Periodic
health camps will be undertaken under CER activities in the
villages.
Rs 0.42 Lakhs per year will be spent on health checkup camps
for affected population adjacent to the proposed project
activity and proper budget allocation has been given under
CER budget in this EIA/EMP Report.
Chapter-8 section 8.5,
page 118.
39. Measures of socio economic significance and
influence to the local community proposed to be
Local people near to proposed project will be benefited in
terms of employment and social welfare program which are
Chapter-8 section 8.5,
page 118.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxviii
provided by the Project Proponent should be
indicated. As far as possible, quantitative
dimensions may be given with time frames for
implementation.
proposed under CSR & CER.
Details of CER & CSR activities have been given in detailed in
Chapter- 8 &10.
Chapter-10, section
10.9, page 130
40. Detailed environmental management plan to
mitigate the environmental impacts which,
should inter-alia include the impacts of change of
land use, loss of agricultural and grazing land, if
any, occupational health impacts besides other
impacts specific to the proposed Project.
Complied in Chapter-10 of EIA/EMP Report. Chapter-10 page no.
120-144
41. Public hearing points raised and commitment of
the project proponent on the same along with
time bound action plan to implement the same
should be provided and also incorporated in the
final EIA/EMP Report of the Project.
Public Hearing was held on 20.11.2019 at 11:00 am at venue
Rajiv Gandhi Seva Kendra, Kaoni under the chairmanship of
Mr. A.H. Gauri, Additional District Collector, Bikaner,
Rajasthan. The copy of the notice for Public Hearing is given
figure 7-1. The advertisements for Public Hearing were
published in "Dainik Kamyab Club" on 19.10.2019 and in
"Rajasthan Patrika" on 20.11.2019, copy attached as
Annexure-X
Chapter-7, section 7.1
at page 105-109.
Annexure-X
42. Details of litigation pending against the project, if
any, with direction /order passed by any Court
of Law against the project should be given.
There is no court case or litigation pending against this project
in any court of law.
--
43. The cost of the project (capital cost and
recurring cost) as well as the cost towards
implementation of EMP should clearly be spelt
out.
Complied. ---
44. A Disaster Management Plan shall be prepared
and included in the EIA/EMP report.
Disaster Management Plan is given in chapter-7 of the
EIA/EMP Report.
Chapter-7, section-
7.2.3, page 110
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxix
45. Benefits of the project if the project is
implemented should be spelt out. The benefits of
the project shall clearly indicate environmental,
social, economic, employment potential etc.
Details of benefits of the project, which indicates
environmental, social, economic, employment potential etc.
are given in Chapter-8 of EIA/ EMP Report.
Chapter-8 section 8.5, page 118.
46. The activities and budget earmarked for
Corporate Environmental Responsibility (CER)
shall be as per Ministry's O.M No 22-65/2017-
IA.II(M) dated 01.05.2018 and the action plan on
the activities proposed under CER shall be
submitted at the time of appraisal of the project
included in the EIA/EMP Report.
The activities and budget earmarked for Corporate
Environmental Responsibility (CER) shall be as per Ministry's
O.M No 22-65/2017-IA.II(M) dated 01.05.2018 and the action
plan on the activities proposed under CER for the project are
given Chapter- 8 of EIA/EMP Report.
Chapter-8 section 8.5, page 118.
47. The Action Plan on the compliance of the
recommendations of the CAG as per Ministry's
Circular No. J-11013/71/2016-IA.I (M), dated
25.10.2017 needs to be submitted at the time of
appraisal of the project and included in the
EIA/EMP Report.
Complied. --
48. Compliance of the Ministry‘s Office
Memorandum No. F: 3-50/2017-IA.III (Pt.),
dated 30.05.2018 on the judgment of Hon‘ble
Supreme Court, dated the 2nd August, 2017 in
Writ Petition (Civil) No. 114 of 2014 in the
matter of Common Cause versus Union of India
needs to be submitted and included in the
EIA/EMP Report.
Complied. ---
General Points
49. Besides the above, the below mentioned general points are also
a) All documents to be properly referenced with index and continuous
page numbering.
Complied. --
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxx
b) Where data are presented in the Report especially in Tables, the
period in which the data were collected and the sources should be
indicated.
Indicated --
c) Project Proponent shall enclose all the analysis/testing reports of
water, air, soil, noise etc. using the MoEF&CC/NABL accredited
laboratories. All original analysis/testing reports should be
available during appraisal of the project.
Enclosed --
d) Where the documents provided are in language other than English,
an English translation should be provided.
Provided ---
e) The Questionnaire for environmental appraisal of mining projects
as devised earlier by the Ministry shall be filled and submitted.
Complied --
f) While preparing the EIA report, the instructions for the proponents
and instructions for the Consultants issued by MoEF vide O.M. No. J-
11013/41/2006-IA.II(I) dated 4th August, 2009, which are available
on the website of this Ministry, should be followed.
Followed ---
g) Changes, if any made in the basic scope and project parameters (as
submitted in Form-1 and the PFR for securing TOR) should be
brought to the attention of MoEF&CC with reasons for such
changes and the permission should be sought, as the TOR may also
have to be altered. Post Public Hearing changes in structure and
content of the Final EIA/EMP (other than modifications arising out
of the P.H. process) will entail conducting the PH again with the
revised documentation.
Will be complied --
h) As per the circular no.J-11011/618/2010-IA. II (I) dated 30.5.2012,
certified report of the status of compliance of the conditions
stipulated in the environment clearance for the existing operations
of the project, should be obtained from the Regional Office of
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, as may be
applicable.
Will be complied --
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxxi
i) The EIA report should also include (i) surface plan of the area
indicating contours of main topographic features, drainage and
mining area, (ii) geological maps and sections and(iii) Sections of
the mine pit and external dumps, if any, clearly showing the land
features of the adjoining area.
Included --
Specific ToR (Mining)
1 PP should submit an undertaking by way of affidavit as
required as per Ministry's O.M No 3-50/2017 -IA. II(M) dated
30.05.2018 to comply with all the statutory requirements and
judgment of Hon'ble Supreme Court dated the 2nd August
2017 in Writ Petition (Civil) No. 114 of 2014 in the matter of
Common Cause versus Union of India and Ors.
Already submitted at the time of ToR Presentation. copy attached as
Annexure-VII
2 PP should submit the details of statutory clearances,
permissions, No objection certificates, consents etc. required
for this project under various Acts, Rules and regulations.
Environmental Clearance for Kaoni Gypsum (Minor
Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area
250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA
Gypsum under the provisions of EIA Notification,
1994 has been obtained vide letter no J-
11015/143/2005-IA.II (M) dated 26th May, 2006.
Copy enclosed as
Annexure-IV.
3 The PP should submit the detailed plan in tabular format (year-
wise for 30 years) for afforestation and green belt development
in and around the mining lease. The PP should submit the
number of saplings to be planted, area to be covered under
afforestation & green belt, target for survival rate and budget
earmarked for the afforestation &green belt development. In
addition to this PP should show on a surface plan (5 year
interval for 30 years) of suitable scale the area to be covered
under afforestation & green belt clearly mentioning the latitude
and longitude of the area to be covered during each 5 years.
The detailed afforestation and green belt
development plan is given in chapter-10 of this
EIA/EMP Report.
Chapter-10,
Figure- 10.3,
section 10.7, page
122-129.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxxii
4 The PP should submit the quantity of surface or ground water
to be used for this project. The complete water balance cycle
need to be submitted. In addition to this PP should submit a
detailed plan for rain water harvesting measures to be taken.
The PP should submit the year wise target for reduction in
consumption of ground water by developing alternative source
of water through rain water harvesting measures. The capital
and recurring expenditure to be incurred in this needs to be
submitted.
The total water requirement for the proposed
project is 43.55 KLD and water requirement will be
fulfilled through tanker supply. No ground water
will be withdrawal. Water balance diagram is given
in Chapter of this EIA EMP Report.
No ground water will be used for this mining
Project. A detailed plan for rainwater harvesting is
given in chapter-10.
The capital and recurring expenditure is given
under EMP Budget.
Chapter-2, section
2.9.9.1, figure 2-6,
page 16-17
Chapter-10,
section 10.12,
page 131.
Chapter-10, table-
10-3, page 131
5 The PP should clearly bring out the details of the manpower to
be engaged for this project with their
roles/responsibilities/designations. In addition to this PP
should mention the number and designation of person to be
engaged for implementation of environmental management
plan (EMP).
The details of the manpower to be engaged for this
project with their
roles/responsibilities/designations are given in
Chapter-2.
Chapter-2, section
2.9.9.2 at page-17.
6 The PP should submit the year-wise, activity wise and time
bound budget earmarked for EMP, occupational health
surveillance & Corporate Environmental Responsibility needs
to be submitted.
Year-wise, activity-wise and time bound budget
earmarked for EMP is given in Chapter-10.
Occupational health surveillance & Corporate
Environmental Responsibilities are given in
Chapter-7.
Chapter-10,
section 10.11,
Table- 10-3 page
131
Chapter-7, section
7.3, page 113
7 PP should submit the measures to be adopted for prevention of
illegal mining and pilferage of mineral needs to be submitted.
The procedure for re-conciliation of the material excavated
from the mines needs to be submitted, frequency of
The mining activities are being done in the allotted
lease area for the extraction of Gypsum. The
activities are not showing any type of illegal mining.
Mining operation will be carried out in Systematic
----
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxxiii
reconciliation of the material excavated with material
dispatched, material stored within the mining lease area,
waste/O.B/reject dumped in the mining lease area, top soil
dumped and utilized needs to be submitted.
The provision of internal and external audit and how the
records of re-conciliation will be maintained. In addition to
these details of security arrangements, use of surveillance
system, installation of weighbridge, GPS tracking system etc.
needs to be submitted.
In addition to this conversion factor i.e. specific gravity of all
type of material available in the mining lease needs to be
submitted along with test certificate from the authorized
agency.
manner only in allotted lease area to avoid any type
of violation.
The total OB generated during the next five years
will be 682589 m3. The OB generated during the
mining will be utilized to backfilled in excavated
area simultaneously after winning the mineral. The
alluvium is neither suitable for agriculture nor
suitable for any economic purpose. So there is no
separate stacking arrangement of the waste will be
made.
The Internal and external audit will be done to
maintain the records of re-conciliation and proper
security arrangements, use of surveillance system,
installation of weighbridge, GPS tracking system etc.
will be done.
As per approved Scheme of Mining, specific gravity
of Gypsum is 2.1 per cubic meter. Test certificate
will be submitted at the time of EC.
8 PP should submit the detailed mineralogical and chemical
composition of the mineral and percentage of free silica from a
NABL/MoEF&CC accredited laboratory.
This is an existing mine of Gypsum. Therefore, there
is no silica present in the emission.
---
9 PP should clearly show the transport route of the mineral and
protection and mitigative measure to be adopted while
transportation of the mineral. The impact from the center line
of the road on either side should be clearly brought supported
with the line source modeling and isopleths. Further, frequency
of testing of Poly Achromatic Hydrocarbon needs to be
submitted along with budget. Based on the above study the
compensation to be paid in the event of damage to the crop and
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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land on the either side of the road needs to be mentioned.
10 PP should clearly bring out that what is the specific diesel
consumption and steps to be taken for reduction of the same.
Year-wise target for reduction in the specific diesel
consumption needs to be submitted.
All machinery used for the operation are on
contract basis. For reduction of diesel consumption
the following control measures should be adopted :-
Proper maintenance, oiling and greasing of
machines at regular intervals will be done.
The diesel engines are properly maintained.
11 PP should bring out the awareness campaign to be carried out
on various environmental issues, practical training facility to be
provided to the environmental engineers/diploma holders,
mining engineers/diploma holders, geologists, and other trades
related to mining operations. Target for the same needs to be
submitted.
The awareness campaign is being carried out on
various environmental issues, practical training
facility to be provided to the environmental
engineers/diploma holders, mining
engineers/diploma holders, geologists, and other
trades related to mining operations.
--
12 PP should obtain cluster certificate from Department of Mines
8s Geology, Govt. of Rajasthan. The Cluster certificate should be
as per S.O. 141 (E) dated 15.01.2016 and S.O. 2269 dated
01.07.2016. The PP should prepare the EIA/EMP for entire
cluster area as mentioned in cluster certificate".
There is no mining lease present within the 500 m
radius.
--
13 In case of violation of above undertaking, the
ToR/Environmental Clearance shall be liable to be terminated
forthwith.
Not applicable --
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 1
CHAPTER-1 : INTRODUCTION
1.0 PREAMBLE
Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process used to identify the environmental, social &
economic impacts of a project prior to decision making. It is a decision-making tool, which guides
the decision makers in taking appropriate decisions for proposed projects. It aims predicting
environmental impacts at an early stage of project planning and design, find ways and means to
reduce adverse impacts, shape projects to suit the local environment and present the predictions
and options to decision makers. By using EIA, both environmental & economic benefits can be
achieved. By considering environmental effects prediction & mitigation, early benefits in project
planning, protection of environment, optimum utilization of resources, thus saving overall time &
cost of the project.
1.1 PURPOSE OF REPORT
M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd has obtained environmental clearance for Kaoni
Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production
capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum under the provisions of EIA Notification, 1994 vide letter no J-
11015/143/2005-IA.II (M) dated 26th May, 2006. The mine has not undergone any modernization,
expansion and change of mining technology so far.
Now, As per the MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018, Fresh Environmental clearance is
required under the provisions of EIA Notification, 2006 for all the mining projects having EC under
EIA Notification, 1994. Accordingly, application for obtaining Environmental Clearance is being
submitted for above subject mining project as per provisions of EIA Notification, 2006.
As per EIA Notification dated 14.09.2006and its latest amendments, this project falls under
Category ‘A’ Project of Activity 1(a) for “Mining of Mineral”.
In this context, Form-I and Pre-Feasibility Report has been submitted to Ministry of Environment &
Forests, New Delhi on date 29 Nov 2018 (online) and requesting for issue of “Terms of Reference”
(ToR).The ToR Presentation was held on 22.01.2019 before EAC of MoEF&CC New Delhi.
Subsequently, the ToR was issued on date 27.03.2019 by Honorable EAC, MoEF&CC vide letter no
J-11015/02/2019-IA.II (M) (enclosed as Annexure-I). We have collected data for one season i.e.
from Dec 2018 to Feb 2019.
About the mining lease:The mining lease over an area of 250.53 ha has been granted in favor of
M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd by the DMG vide order no. F-3(141) Khan/Group-
2/07 on dated 17/10/2011 for a period of 20 years i.e. 01/04/2003 to 31/03/2023. As per the
amendment in MMDR Act-1957 came in to existence on dated 12.01.2015 where the lease period is
automatically extended for 50 years i.e. up to 31.03.2053. The lease area is Located at khasra No.-
74,75,161/1,161/13,162, 165/1,165/2,166/1,131/5,131/6, 131/7,131/8, 131/12 to 131/16,
131/20 to 131/24, Village- Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, District- Bikaner (Raj.) (Copy enclosed as
Annexure-II).
Mine Plan and Progressive Mine Closure Plan/ Mining Scheme: Mining Scheme with
Progressive Mine Closure Plan has been approved by Superintending Mining Engineer, Mines &
Geology Department., Bikaner vide letter No SME/BKN/CC-III/M.S/ML-01/02/679 dated
01.03.2017(Copy enclosed as Annexure-III).
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 2
Environmental clearances & Consents
Environmental Clearance for Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML
Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum under the provisions of EIA
Notification, 1994 has been obtained vide letter no J-11015/143/2005-IA.II (M) dated 26th May,
2006.
Consent to Operate has been granted by Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board, Jaipur vide its
file no–F(Mines)/Bikaner(Kolayat)/1940(1)/2015-2016/9791-9795 & order no 2017-
2018/Mines/9720 dated 05.03.2018 valid upto 31.12.2022 for production of 50000 TPA
gypsum (Copy enclosed as Annexure-IV).
1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT
Identification of Project and Project Proponent
M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd has obtained environmental clearance for Kaoni
Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production
capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum under the provisions of EIA Notification, 1994 vide letter no J-
11015/143/2005-IA.II (M) dated 26th May, 2006.
Now, As per the MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018, Fresh Environmental clearance is
required under the provisions of EIA Notification, 2006 for all the mining projects having EC
under EIA Notification, 1994. Accordingly, application for obtaining Environmental Clearance is
being submitted for above subject mining project as per provisions of EIA Notification, 2006. The
Mining lease over an area of 250.53 ha has been granted in favor of M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and
Minerals India Ltd by the DMG vide order no. F-3(141) Khan/Group-2/07 on dated 17/10/2011
for a period of 20 years i.e. 01/04/2003 to 31/03/2023. As per the amendment in MMDR Act-
1957 came in to existence on dated 12.01.2015 where the lease period is automatically extended
for 50 years i.e. up to 31.03.2053.
Project Proponent
M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd (FAGMIL) under flagship of Department of
Fertilizers, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers is ISO certified premier company in the country
for producing agriculture and mineral gypsum which has been playing major role in land
reformation in agriculture sector by reclamation od sodic land in India. It has experience of
almost six decades in supplying of gypsum for producing Ammonium Sulphate in Sindri Unit,
Dhanbad. During this period it helped the country in achieving self – sufficiency in food grain
production.
After demerger of FCIL in 2003, it started independently supplying gypsum to cement industries
and different land improvement projects of world bank in UP. Since then, it reclaimed over
thousands of hectare of land in UP and various other states like Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan.
The company excavates gypsum from its various mines situated in different cities of Rajasthan
like Barmer, Jaiselmer, Bikaner, Suratgarh.
Almost all the mines and its registered offices are ISO 9001:2015 and 14001:2015, BS OHSAS
18001:2007. Its mines are equipped with environment friendly and other safety equipments.
The Applicant details are gives below-
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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S.
No.
Name of the Mine
lease area
Applicant Proponent Name
1. Kaoni Gypsum Mine,
ML Area 250.53 Ha.
Distt - Bikaner
Rajasthan
M/s FCI Aravali
Gypsum and Minerals
India Ltd
Shri Surender Singh Shekhawat, General
Manager
Telephone-0291-2551908, 2544392
Email id: [email protected]
1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF NATURE, SIZE, LOCATION OF THE PROJECT AND ITS
IMPORTANCE TO THE COMPANY REGION
Table 1-1: Brief Description of the Project
S.
No.
Particulars Details
A. Nature and Size of the
Project
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated
06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral)
Mining project(ML No 01/02,) with production capacity 50,000
TPA Gypsum &136191cum/year OB by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum
and Minerals India Ltd.
B. Location
Name of Unit Khasra Number Area of Block in ha
Kaoni Gypsum Mine 74,75,161/1,161/13,162,165/1,165/2,1
66/1,131/5,131/6,131/7,131/8,131/12
to 131/16, 131/20 to 131/24
250.53
Total 250.53
Village Kaoni,
Tehsil Kolayat,
District Bikaner
State Rajasthan
Geographical
Coordinates
Point Latitude Longitude
A 28009’ 41.49” N 730 06’ 44.83” E
B 28010’ 9.76” N 730 06’ 34.53” E
C 28009’ 42.37” N 730 04’ 58.85” E
D 28009’ 14.11” N 730 05’ 9.15” E
Toposheet (OSM) No. 44 H/4, 44H/3, 44D/15, 44D/14
C. Lease Area Details
Lease Area 250.53ha
Type of Land Govt. Waste land
Topography Flat terrain
Site Elevation Range 170 mRL to 178 mRL Source: Mining Plan
D. Cost Details
Cost of the project Rs. 42.47 Lakhs
Cost for EMP Rs. 5.00 Lakhs/Yr
Cost for CER RS. 0.42 Lakhs/Yr
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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OH&S Rs. 2.00 Lakhs/Yr
Cost For Biodiversity
Conservation
Rs.10.00 Lakhs/-
E. Environmental Settings of the area
Ecological Sensitive Areas
(National Park, Wild Life
Sanctuary, Biosphere
Reserve, Reserve/
Protected Forest etc.)
within 10 Km radius
No such area is located within 10km radius of the mine lease area.
Inter-state boundary
within 5 Km radius
No such area is located within 10km radius of the mine lease area.
Nearest Town/ Major City
with 200000 population
Bikaner ~ 24 km in SE direction
Nearest Railway Station Nal railway station~17.08 Km in SE
Nearest State Highway/
National Highway
NH-15 ~13.36 Km in SSE,
SH-3 , ~ 7.73 Km in ENE
Nearest Airport Bikaner Airport ~24.30 Km in SE
Medical Facilities
PHC at village Kaoni, ~0.300 Km SE
Hospital at Bikaner ~ 24.00 km in SE direction
Education Facilities Primary & Sr. Sec. School at village Kaoni, ~0.300 Km SE
Seismic Zone Zone III
Water Body Indira Gandhi Canal ~ 2.34 Km in E
(Source: Site visit /Baseline Data and Pre-feasibility Report)
1.3.1 Importance of Project
The basic objective of the project is the effective utilization of mineral in the country and in the
region.
Role of Gypsum in Cement Industry
Gypsum plays dual role in cement. It is used in a small quantity in the range of 2.5-3.0 percent in
terms of SO4. Gypsum is identified as a set regulator or retarder, and also contributes for
strength acceleration in the early stages of hydration.
Gypsum is the basic requirement for manufacture of cement & fertilizer. Cement and agriculture
are the two major industries in which Gypsum finds its major use. It is estimated that more than
80% of the gypsum production from Rajasthan is used in cement industries, many of whom are
located in southern Rajasthan. Apart from this it is also used in manufacturing of plaster of paris,
partition blocks, sheets and tiles, insulation boards, pharmaceuticals, textiles, paints, paper, in
agriculture as soil conditioner etc.
Over 90% of Gypsum reserves of the India are located in Rajasthan. Rajasthan gypsum is mostly
of gypsite type found in bedded deposits. From the natural gypsum, marine gypsum is recovered
while evaporating brines and phosphor gypsum as a by-product from the phosphatic fertilizer
plants.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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Gypsum deposits are available in the western part of the state which account for 81.39% of total
country’s reserves. Rajasthan is the principal producer of Gypsum, accounting for 98.81% of the
total country’s production.
About 20-25% of the gypsum is used for agriculture and land reclamation purposes in the
Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh.
Certain Gypsum bearing areas will be reserved by the Directorate of Mines & Geology, wherein
Gypsum mining will be permitted to plaster of paris unit owners on the basis of MoUs executed
between the Directorate and plaster of paris units.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
In line with the Terms of Reference (TOR) prescribed by EAC, MoEF&CC reference no. J-
11015/02/2019-IA.II(M) dated 27.03.2019, the area comprising 10 km radius around the
proposed mine lease boundary is considered as the study area. The scope of the study includes
detailed characterization of the environmental attributes like Air, Water, Noise, and Land, Biological
and Socio-economic aspects.
1.4.1 Environmental Clearance Process
The EIA includes the following details:
1. Study of the reports like Geological report, Pre-Feasibility Report (PFR) or mining plan made
available by the client.
2. Present Environmental Setting
3. Identification, prediction and evaluation of Anticipated Environmental Impact due to the
proposed mine and related facilities.
The environmental impacts will be anticipated in core and buffer zone on:
Topography and drainage
Climate
Water quality (Surface/Ground)
Hydro-geological Regime
Air quality
Noise Levels
Soil Quality
Flora and Fauna
Traffic density survey
Land-Use
Socio-Economic Conditions
Health, culture, human environment including public health, occupational health and
safety
This EIA Report is prepared in accordance with EIA Notification, 2006 and its subsequent
amendments and that has been divided into twelve chapters (in addition to Executive Summary)
as briefed hereunder:
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Chapter 1 – Introduction
The chapter provides description of project background, site and surroundings, objectives, scope
and organization of the study and format of this report.
Chapter 2 – Project Description
This chapter provides information on project and capacity; need for the project; location; size or
magnitude of operation; technology and process description; maps showing project layout,
component of projects etc.
Chapter 3– Description of the Environment
This chapter deals with the methodology and findings of field studies undertaken with respect to
ambient air, meteorology, water, soils, noise levels, ecology to define the various existing
environmental status in the area of the project. This also deals with the infrastructural
development as a part of project and sources of pollution from the proposed mining project.
Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures
In this chapter, the potential impacts of the proposed mining and allied activities, which could
cause significant environmental concerns, are identified and discussed. This discussion will form
the basis for environmental management activities.
Chapter 5 – Analysis of Alternatives (Technology and Site)
This chapter will include a comparison of alternatives in this chapter to determine the best method
of achieving the project objectives with minimum environmental impacts or indicates the most
environmentally friendly and cost effective options, if any.
Chapter 6 – Environmental Monitoring Program
This chapter will include ascertaining the environmental impacts; state of pollution within the
mine lease and in its vicinity; planning for predictive or corrective actions in respect of pollution to
keep it within permissible limits.
Chapter 7 – Additional Studies
This chapter will include outcomes of public consultation, risk assessment, social impact
assessment, R&R action plan, biodiversity conservation plan, watershed management etc.
Chapter 8 – Project Benefits
This chapter deals with improvements in the physical infrastructure, social infrastructure,
employment potential and other tangible benefits due to proposed project activity.
Chapter 9 – Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis
This chapter includes environmental value enhancement (biodiversity, crop productivity, eco
tourism etc.)
Chapter 10 – Environmental Management Plan
This chapter will include the description of administrative aspects of ensuring that the mitigation
measures suggested are implemented and their effectiveness is monitored, after approval of the
EIA.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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Chapter 11 – Summary
This will constitute the summary of EIA Report.
Chapter 12 – Disclosure of Consultant
This will includes the names of the consultants engaged in preparation of EIA and nature of
consultancy rendered.
1.4.2 LAWS APPLICABLE TO THIS PROJECT
The Acts, Notifications, Rules and Amendments applicable for setting up a new mining industry or
its expansion of an existing mine and for operation of a mine include the following:-
EIA Notification, 2006 under EPA Act, 1986.
Rajasthan Mines and Mineral Concession, Stock, Transportation of Mineral and Prevention
of Illegal Mining Rules, 2012.
Rajasthan Mines and Mineral Concession Rule 2017
The Mines and Mineral (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2015
The Mines and Mineral (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957.
The Mines Act, 1952.
Mines Rules, 1955.
Mineral Concession Rules, 1960.
Mineral Conservation and Development Rules, 1968
The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Acts1974/ Rules 1975
The Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Acts 1981/ Rules 1982
The Environment (Protection) Acts1986/Rules 1986
Contract Labor (Regulation & Abolition) Act1970 & Its Central Rule 1971
The Central Motor Vehicle Rules 1989(Under Motor Vehicle Act 1988)
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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CHAPTER-2 : PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.0 GENERAL
Proposed proposal pertains to Gypsum mining project by semi mechanized open cast method on
allotted mine lease area at existing Kaoni Gypsum Mine near village Kaoni of Kolayat tehsil of
Bikaner district, Rajasthan. The total allotted Mine lease for the proposed project is 250.53 ha with
their maximum annual production capacity i.e. 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/Year OB. This
chapter deals with the broad description of the project, location, type of mineral deposit(s), quality
of reserve, mining methodology, various site utilities and infrastructure, etc.
2.1 TYPE OF THE PROJECT
The project is proposed for mining of “Gypsum over an area of 250.53 ha. It is an opencast semi
mechanized mining project. M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and mineral India Ltd. is the project proponent
who is seeking prior environmental clearance for the proposed project as per MoEF&CC Notification
dated 06th April, 2018.
As per EIA Notification dated 14.09.2006 and its latest amendments, this project falls under
Category ‘A’ Project of Activity 1(a) for “Mining of Mineral”.
2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT
This is an important project for production of Gypsum mineral which is the main raw material for
Cement, Fertilizers and Plaster of Paris, manufacturing partition blocks, boards, sheets, tiles and
insulation boards & other industries. Cement, fertilizers and plaster of paris are the three important
industries in which Gypsum is utilized. Proportion of Gypsum in cement is ranged 4-5% of the
cement. Gypsum is used in manufacturing of Plaster of Paris. A number of small scale calcinations
plants for Gypsum are setup in Bhadwasi area, for producing plaster of paris. By the production of
huge quantity of Gypsum from this mine will definitely improve the living standards of the
inhabitants in the surrounding area as there is a scarcity of industries.
2.3 Location of Project
The project area is located near village Kaoni; Tehsil Kolayat & District- Bikaner, Rajasthan. The
Mining lease area falls in Survey of India Toposheet No. 44 H/4 between Latitude 280 09’14.11” N to
28010’ 9.76” N& Longitude 730 04’ 58.85” E to 730 06’ 44.83” E.
The general location is given below:-
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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Figure 2-1: Location Map of the Project Site
Figure 2-2: Site visit Photographs
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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Figure 2-3: 10 Km Study area Map
Figure 2-4:Google Image (Short View) of the proposed Project Site
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd.
Final EIA/EMP Report
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Figure 2-5: Topography Map of Mine Lease area
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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2.4 Size or Magnitude of Operation (Incl. Associated activities required by or for the
project)
In this Mining lease area only 250.53ha. area is available for mining as per Terms of Reference
approved by MoEF&CC for the production capacity of gypsum is 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191
cum/year OB. It is an open cast mine and it is proposed to do mining by semi mechanized
efficient & scientific operations.
Table 2-1: Details of Mining
2.5 Topography of the area
The lease area is situated in the western part of Bikaner district having flat terrain. The area is
covered with layer of alluvium. Shape of the lease is sequare polygon type with highest
elevation is 178mRL between Pillar K2 & K3 and lower elevation is 170 mRL. The vegetation is
poor, limiting it to shrubs and few throny desert trees.
2.6 Geology
2.6.1 Regional Geology
The area around Bikaner is known for tertiary and quaternary formation. These tertiary rocks
were deposited in Bikaner-Nagaur basin. The tertiary starts underlie Marwar Super group (not
exposed) are categorized into four formations, namely Palana, Marh, Jogira and Kolayat. The
lowermost Palana formation is represented by various rocks like sandstone, clay, shale,
carbonaceous shale, carbonaceous shale, lignite etc. whereas quaternary are represented by
beds of sand, clay calcrete (Locally Known as Kankar), alluvium etc.
Table 2-2: Regional stratigraphic sequence
Pleistocene
to Recent
Kolayat Formation Sand & alluvium, Iron stone nodule, Sandy calcareous grit,
kankar, ferruginous band etc.
----------------------------------Un-Conformity--------------------------------------
Lower to
MiddleEocene
Jogira Formation
(Calcareous facies)
Shale $ Marly limestone with foraminifer, clayeymarl,
fullers earth with shale parting, yellow shales Ochers, marl
-----------------------------------Un-Conformity----------------------------------------------
Upper
Paleocene
Marh Formation
( Arenaceous
facies)
Upper clay horizon one clay bed (3-10 m)
Ferruginous sandstone, gritty sandstone (60 m)
Middle clay horizon with five day beds & sandstone
parting (50 m)
Ferruginous sandstone, grit, siltstone (70 m)
Lower clay horizon with one clay bed (1-3 m)
S. No. Particulars Details 1. Method of Mining Open Cast Semi-mechanized 2. Geological Reserves 8,52,227 MT 3. Mineable Reserves 7,02,716MT 4. Proposed Production 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB 5. Elevation Range of the Mine Site 170 mRL to 178 mRL 6. Bench Height 3 m 7. Bench Width (Average) 3 m or more 8. Ultimate pit depth 4.55m
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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Ferruginous sandstone, siltstone (20 m)
-------------------------------Gradational Contact----------------------------------------------
Lower
Paleocene
Palana Formation
(Calcareous facies)
Fine grained sandstone, carbonaceous shale and lignite.
-----------------------------------Base not encountered ----------------------------------------------
2.6.2 Local Geology
The gypsum deposit of the applied area belongs to recent to sub-recent age and is free from
any geological disturbance. It is a sedimentary, which occurs in the area as seam or bands.
The sand overlying gypsum of the entire area and the grain size varies from 60 to 200
meshes. The gypsum deposit of the region appears to be deposited in a shallow basin. It is a
flat deposit and hence no specific dip can be assigned. The litho logical succession of the area
is as under:-
Alluvium:0.9 to 1.10 m
Gypsum:1.85 to 1.90 m
2.6.3 Physiography
There is no streem and nalla exists within lease area. The physiography of the lease as per
the natural drainage.The area is covered with layer of alluvium. The highest elevation is
178mRL between Pillar K2 & K3 and lower elevation is 170mRL.
2.6.4 Drainage
There is no seasonal nallas is flowing through the lease area, so there will be no impact on the
surface water. The general ground water level is 174mRL. The proposed mining in the 5th year is
only up 4.55m depth from the surface. Ground water table is 40 to 50m deep from the surface
level so the ground water will not hinder the working.
2.6.5 Rainfall and Climatic condition
The rainfall is very limited and erratic. The general distribution of rainfall across can be
visualized from isohyets presented in the Plate III where major part of the district has received
average rainfall less than 500mm in the year 2010. Most of the rainfall, i.e., approximately 90%
of the total annual rainfall or more, is received during monsoon period and non-monsoon
rainfall is very limited or negligible. The annual average rainfall was 458.2mm based on the data
of available blocks while highest average annual rainfall is 595.4 mm in Dungargarh block.
Lowest of minimum average annual rainfall was in Khajuwal block (288.0 mm). Lunkaransar
block has received highest maximum annual rainfall of about 781.2 mm.
2.6.6 Seismicity of the Area
Rajasthan state lies in earthquake zones II, III and IV. Some area of Jalore, Sirohi, Barmer Alwar
and Bharatpur districts fall in zone IV where as many parts of Bikaner, Jaisalmer, Barmer,
Jodhpur, Pali, Sirohi, Dungarpur, Alwar, Banswara and Bharatpur fall in zone III. The project site
falls under seismic zone III which is moderate damage risk zone (MSK VII).
Source: http://nidm.gov.in/pdf/dp/Rjasthan.pdf
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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2.7 EXPLORATION AND RESERVES
2.7.1 Method of Estimation of Reserve
The reserves are estimated as per UNFC classification. UNFC parameter for proved reserve in
(UNFC Code 111).
The category wise Mineable Reserve using UNFC code with the quantity and grade of the
mineral are tabulated as given as under:-
Table 2-3: Category wise Reserve
Classification Code Quantity (Tons)
Total Mineral Resources 852227
A. Mineral Reserve
1. Proved Mineable Reserve
2. Probable Mineable Reserve
111
121&122
---
702716
B. Remaining Resources
1. Feasibility Mineral Resource 211 ---
2. Prefeasibility Mineral Resource 221 & 222 149511
Source: Scheme of Mining with Progressive Mine Closure Plan at Page No. 11
Proposed Production= 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB
Working days=300 days
Daily Production=167MT/Day
Table 2-4: Five Years Proposed Production Details
Year Total excavation (m3) Re-handling (m3) Over burden (m3) Mineral (m3)
2016-17 159924 102164 135005 23673
2017-18 164003 104054 139011 23742
2018-19 161240 100391 136191 23796
2019-20 161240 100391 136191 23802
2020-21 161240 100391 136191 23808
Total 807647 507391 682589 118821
Source: Scheme of Mining with Progressive Mine Closure Plan at Page No. 12
2.7.2 Life of mine
The mineable reserves are 702716 Tons. During five year period of this scheme of mining, about
249525tons of Gypsum is to be mined out from the lease. The life of the mine including present
proposal at the excavation rate of around 50000 Tons per Annum will be 14.05 Years. Source: Scheme of Mining with Progressive Mine Closure Plan at Page No. 14-15
2.8 Previous production detail
Previous production detail is attached as Annexure V.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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2.9 TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION
2.9.1 Mining Methology
• Mining is carried out by open cast semi-mechanized method.
• The Gypsum is surficial deposit occur in the form bedded type having considerable
thickness in the lease area. The OB as well as gypsum is not very hard & compact, so no
drilling and Blasting is required.
• As the mineral is occurring in the shallow depth so the height of the bench is governed by
thickness of Gypsum bed.
• It is proposed that the width of the bench will be kept more than height.
• The OB as well as mineral will be handled by JCB small capacity excavator.
• In case, on the particular place if the OB and mineral both are encountered, the mineral bed
will be excavated after the OB is fully removed to avoid the intermixing.
2.9.2 The Ultimate Extent and Size of Quarries
During the Proposed scheme of period, the pit will be reached up to a depth of 4.55 m and attain
a dimension of 650m in length and 418m in width and simultaneously pits will be backfilled. In
ultimate life of mine the pit dimensions will be 2708m in length and 853m in which will be
backfilled and rehabilitated accordingly.
2.9.3 Ultimate capacity of Dumps
During the excavation of mineral, overburden will be generate in the form of alluvium which
will be not used in any commercial purpose so it will be utilize to back filling the worked out
area.
In the five years proposal the OB generation would be 682589 m3 and the generated quantity of
OB will be simultaneous year wise backfilled in 3.51 ha, 3.55 ha, 3.50 ha, 3.49 ha, 3.57 ha at the
end of 1st year, 2nd Year, 3rd Year, 4th year and 5th year respectively. Thus total 17.62 ha area will
be backfilled at the end of scheme period.
2.9.4 Post Mining Reclamation Plan including afforestation
It has been Conceptualized that the total 241.18 ha area will be excavated by means of number
of small pits and back filled simultaneously and same will rehabilitate through greenbelt
development by trees & bushes.
Source: Scheme of Mining with Progressive Mine Closure Plan at Page No. 12-14
2.9.5 Extent of Mechanization
Following equipments are proposed to be deployed for the desired production.
Table 2-5: List of Machineries
S. No. Name of machinery Capacity Nos.
1. Excavated Capacity 20000 to 40000 tons
of OB per month
01
2. Dumper 20 tons 02
Source: Scheme of Mining with Progressive Mine Closure Plan at Page No. 14
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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2.9.6 Waste Management
The Gypsum deposit of Kaoni mine covered by alluvium is about 1.0 m as overburden. The total
OB generated during the next five years will be 682589 cu.m. The OB generated during the
mining will be utilized to backfilling in excavated area simultaneously after winning the mineral.
The alluvium is neither suitable for agriculture nor usable for any economic purpose. Therefore,
no separate stacking arrangement of the waste will be made. The mineral reject also generated
in gypsum mining even lowest grade of Gypsum is also saleable which is used in different
industries.
Source: Scheme of Mining with Progressive Mine Closure Plan at Page No. 19
2.9.7 Use of Mineral
Cement, fertilizer (ammonium sulphate) and Plaster of Paris are the three important
industries in which the gypsum is utilized.
Gypsum of less purity in crushed form is utilized in Portland cement manufacturing for
controlling the settling time of Portland cement (i.e. as a retarder to prevent quick set).
It is added to the clinker just before final grindling to finished cement.
Gypsum powder is directly used in alkaline soil for their treatment in the state of
Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana & Uttar Pradesh. Also the mining operation has brought
income to the state exchequer.
Source: Scheme of Mining with Progressive Mine Closure Plan at Page No. 21
2.9.8 Land Use Pattern of Mining Area at various stages
Table 2-6: Land Use Pattern at Various Stages
S. No Particulars As on date Area (in Ha)
After end of
5th
year Area ( Ha)
Till end of the life of mine Area (Ha)
Post Mining Area (in Ha)
1. Pit & Quarry 154.99 154.99 241.18 32.68 developed as agriculture and handed over to local farmers
2. Infrastructure 0.01 0.01 -- -- 3. Road 0.60 0.60 -- -- 4. Plantation
on Fresh Land
1.0 1.0 9.35 217.85 backfilled area developed as green belt
5. Sub Total 156.60 156.60 -- -- 6. Undisturbe
d Area 93.93 93.93 --
Total 250.53 250.53 250.53 250.53
Source: Scheme of Mining with Progressive Mine Closure Plan at Page No. 28
2.9.9 Project Requirements
2.9.9.1 Water Requirement
Domestic water requirement for the proposed project has been calculated on the basis of total
33 man power (31 (Mining staff as per mining plan) @ 43 L/day each = 1333+2 truck/tractor
drivers) will requires @ 10 L/day=20 L/day so total water requires ~1.4 KLD.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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The water requirement for dust suppression during operation phase of mine and along the haul
road has been calculated on the basis of 1 Litre water requires for 1 m2 haul road. Haul Roads
are already exist within the mine lease area which connect to State highway, the total length of
approach road which connect to nearest highway is 3430 m. Water requirement for dust
suppression of 3430 m haul road requires approximately~17.15 KLD (3430*5*1). In worst case
condition on any specific haul road the watering intensity will be diverted from the low
pressure haul road.
As per statuary norms total 33% area will be cover by plantation So, there is total 5000 plants
will be planted per year within the lease area. 5L water will be used for each plant so 25 KLD
water will be use for 5000 plants.
So the daily water requirement for the plantation purpose will be around ~25 KLD.
Total water requirement for the mining project is 43.55 KLD.
Water supply: water requirement will be fulfilled through tanker supply. This will be used for
storage of water for mining work, spraying, watering the plants and drinking purposes.
Figure2-6: Water Balance 2.9.9.2 Man Power
Total estimate Man power would be about 31 persons as per the details given below:
Table 2-7:Employment Details
S. No. Category Numbers
1. Highly Skilled 3
2. Skilled 3
3. Unskilled 25
Total 31
Source: Scheme of Mining with Progressive Mine Closure Plan at Page No. 25
Permanent -3 persons
Contractual-7 persons
Responsibilities of Mine Manager
To take overall charge at the place of incident and activate the Emergency Preparedness
Plan according to severity of situation.
· Inform doctor to be ready for treatment of affected employees and intimate their relatives.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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· To depute staff, carry out following functions -
· To liaison with district administration and other departments and guide their personnel
· To supervise assembly and evacuation at all points
· To look after patients who are bed ridden and any casualties and give psychological support
· Inform and liaison with project proponent, Police department and District Emergency
Authority.
· Arrange for chronological records of emergency to be maintained.
· Issue authorized statements to news media.
Responsibilities of Mines Foreman
To take immediate charge at the site of incident and ensure that immediate steps as per
Emergency
Preparedness Plan are taken and immediately inform Mines manager.
Shall disseminate the information regarding emergency by blowing of siren / hooter.
Supervise assembly and evacuation as per plan, if required and ensure that casualties are
receiving proper medical care.
Ensure accounting for personnel and rescue of missing persons.
Control traffic movement in quarry premises.
Responsibilities of Trained Workers
A task force comprising of specially trained staff to act and deliver in the emergency situation
shall carryout the following work.
Fire-fighting and spill control till fire brigade takes the charge and thereafter assist the fire
brigade Ensuring safety and isolating equipment, materials, urgent repairing or replacement,
electrical work etc.
Controlling movement of equipment, transport vehicles, special vehicle at the mine site.
Extending first - aid and medical help.
2.9.9.3 Power
The mine will work in day time only, so no lighting arrangement will be required.
2.9.9.4 Infrastructure/Site Services
(i) Arrangement of Machinery will be made.
(ii) Electric facility is not available in mine site and it is not needed.
(iii) The Drinking water is supplied from tanker supply.
(iv) An office cum rest shelter is available in the lease area for keeping various registered and
government records. All statutory records will be maintained there.
(v) Portable first aid boxes are provided near rest shelter.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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(vi) Norms as laid down under mine rule’s 1955 with regards to health, sanitation, first-aid,
medical appliances and medical examination of person employed in mine will be adhered.
Source: Scheme of Mining with Progressive Mine Closure Plan at Page No. 25
2.10 Litigation
There is no court case against this project.
2.11 Summary
The proposed project is for mining of Gypsum (Minor Mineral) over an area of 250.53 Ha by
open cast semi-mechanized method. by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd. in
Tehsil- Kolayat and District-Bikaner, Rajasthan with proposed production capacity of 50,0000
TPA of Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB. The average annual rainfall in the district is 277.55mm
(since1991 to 2010). About 80% of rainfall takes places from June to September. The entire
district has hot and dry climatic conditions and characterized by semi-arid region. The project
site falls under seismic zone III. The total geological reserve is 8,52,227 MT and total mineable
reserve is 7,02,716 MT. It is proposed that the width of the bench will be kept more than
height. Total 682589 m3overburden will be generated during next 5 years mining proposal.
Gypsum is the basic requirement for manufacture of cement & fertilizer. Cement and agriculture
are the two major industries in which Gypsum finds its major use. Total water requirement for
the project is 43.55 KLD. Total man power requirement for the project is 31Nos. The site
facilities like office cum rest shelter is available in the lease area for keeping various registered
and government records. All statutory records will be maintained there. There is no litigation
pending against this project.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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CHAPTER-3 : DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
3.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter illustrates the description of the existing environmental status of the study area
with reference to the major environmental attributes. The existing environmental setting is
considered to establish the baseline conditions, which are described with respect to physical
environment, air environment, water environment, noise environment, traffic pattern and
density, land environment, biological environment and socio economic environment.
The monitoring of environmental parameters was conducted within the core zone and buffer
zone (10 km radial distance) from project site located at village Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, District
Bikaner, in accordance with the guidelines issued by the MoEF&CC, CPCB, and SPCB during the
study period (December, 2018 to February,2019).
Baseline Environmental status in and around the proposed Gypsum Mining Project, depicts the
existing quality of Air, Noise, Water, Soil, Ecology & Biodiversity and Socio-economic
environment. Based on the baseline data, environmental impact assessment is carried out and
Environmental Management Plan is prepared.
This baseline environmental study reveals information on existing environmental scenario.
Delineation of project site and study area
Delineation of the environmental components and methodology
Delineation of study period
Delineation of the location of the site and description of its surroundings based on
secondary data. After delineation of the above for the present case the following studies
were conducted
Baseline data generation/establishment of baseline for different environmental
components
Baseline status of the existing site operating facilities
Traffic density at the inter-phase of project site and study area
3.2 Study area and Period
Studies of various environmental parameters have been done within 10 km radius area of the
proposed project site. The study area is located at district Bikaner, Rajasthan. The impact
identification always commences with the collection of baseline data such as Ambient Air
Quality, Micro-Meteorology, Ground and Surface Water Quality, Noise levels, Soil Quality, Land
use pattern, Biological Environment, Socio-economic Environment, Geology and Hydrology
within the study zone of 10 km radius.
3.3 Study Period
The baseline environmental study was done during winter season i.e. December 2018 to
February 2019 by Mantec Laboratory, NABL Accredited Lab and Certificate No. TC-6440 ( in lieu
of T-1417) dated 11.09.2017 valid until 10.09.2019 (copy enclosed as Annexure-VI) in
accordance with the Guidelines for EIA issued by the Ministry of Environment Forests and
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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Climate Change, Govt. of India and CPCB, New Delhi. Secondary data was also collected from
different government sources/Authorities.
3.3.1 Components & Methodology
The data was collected from both primary and secondary sources. Secondary meteorological
data of the nearest IMD station, Bikaner (~24 km from project site) was considered for the
selection of air monitoring stations. Micrometeorological data at site was also recorded using
Automatic Weather Station. Apart from these, secondary data have been collected from Census
Handbook, Revenue Records, Statistical Department, Soil Survey and Land use Organization,
District Industries Centre, Forest Department, Central Ground Water Authority, etc.
The studies involved in conducting field studies and analyzing various parameters that might be
affected due to the industry and conducting socio-economic survey among the people. For
reconnaissance survey the sampling locations were identified based on:
Existing topography and meteorological conditions
Location of human habilitation and other sensitive areas present in the vicinity of the
project site.
Representative areas for baseline conditions
Accessibility for sampling
The scoping and the extent of data generation were formulated based on interdisciplinary team
discussions, and professional judgment keeping in view of TOR assigned by SEAC, Rajasthan.
The various parameters surveyed and studied for the baseline study are tabulated below-
Table 3-1: Environmental components and their methodologies
S.N. Environmental
components Parameters Methodology
1 Air
Meteorology (Temp., RH,
WS, WD, RF)
USEPA(Meteorological Monitoring
guidance for regulatory modeling
applications)
Ambient Air Quality (PM10,
PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO)
IS-5182 part-14, CPCB (guidelines for
measurement of Ambient Air
Pollutants).
2 Water Water Quality (Surface &
Ground)
Standard limits: Surface- CPCB Water
quality criteria
Ground-IS 10500:2012
Sampling Methodology- IS:3025 Part-1
3 Noise Ambient Noise Quality
(Lmax, Lmin, Leq)
IS:9989(Assessment of noise with
respect to community response)
4 Soil
Soil Quality (pH, EC, BD, ,
Texture, SAR, Key nutrients,
OM, OC)
Sampling Methodology and Analysis-
IS: 2720/soil chemical analysis by M.L
Jackson
5 Land Use Land use types, Land
schedules, Satellite imagery Bhuvan, NRSA
6 Ecology Ecology studies (Floristic
diversity, Terrestrial Field Study / Secondary Data
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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S.N. Environmental
components Parameters Methodology
ecosystem sustainability,
Green belt development,
sinking capacity of
pollutants)
7 Socio Economic
Demography and
Occupational details,
agricultural situation etc.
Census, District report,
Public Consultation by Questionnaire
survey
8 Hydrology &
Geology
Geological, Hydrological,
Geo-morphological studies Geological Survey of India, NRSC
9 Traffic Study PCU/hr, LOS IRC 64:1990, ARAI,CPCB.
3.4 Air Environment
Dispersion of different air pollutants released into the atmosphere have significant impacts on
the neighborhood air environment of an mining project and forms an important part of impact
assessment studies. The ambient air quality status with respect to the study zone of 10 km
radial distance from the site will form the base line information over which the predicted
impacts due to the proposed project can be super imposed to find out the net (Final) impacts on
air environment. From the final impacts a viable Environmental Management Plan (EMP) can be
prepared based on the impact statement for the air environment. The design of monitoring
network in the air quality surveillance program has to be based on the following considerations.
Meteorological conditions on synoptic scale
Topography of the study area
Representation of regional background levels
Representation of site
Representation of cross sectional distribution in the downward direction
Inclusion of major distinct villages to collect the baseline status
3.4.1 Micro-meteorological data
Micro-meteorological data within the project area during the air quality survey period is an
indispensable part of air pollution study. Assessment of the micro and macro meteorology is
important from the standpoint of understanding the nature and extent of air pollution in the
study area.
The study area is located in district Bikaner. Usually Bikaner goes through a very hot summer, a
monsoon season and mild winter like many other Indian regions. The temperature varies from
48°Cin summer to 1°Cin winter. Atmosphere is generally dry except during the monsoon period.
It experiences a monsoon season, from July till September, when the excessive temperature of
the summer months reduces gradually.
Historical data of meteorological parameters also plays an important role in identifying the
general meteorological status of the region before the start of baseline study. The data
generated in the field is compared with the historical data in order to identify changes, which
may have taken place during the course of time.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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3.4.2 Primary Data
The meteorological data recorded during study period is very useful for proper interpretation of
the baseline information as well as for input to predictive models for air quality impacts for
collection of Primary data. An Automatic Weather Station was installed at the site, for three
months (December 2018 to February 2019) and it has recorded hourly observations for the
parameters like Maximum and Minimum Temperature (ºC), Relative Humidity (%), Wind Speed
(Km/hr), Wind direction and Rainfall (mm). The hourly-recorded observations (wind velocity
and wind directions) during 12 weeks study period are used in computing percentage
frequencies and are depicted in the form of “wind roses” (Figure. 3.1). The summarized
meteorological data is provided in Table 3-2.
Table 3-2 Onsite Meteorological Data (Period: 1st December 2018 to 31st February 2019)
S. no. District Month Air Temperature Rainfall (mm)
Wind speed
Humidity (%) Min. Max.
1 Bikaner Dec 14 24 0 8.5 22
Jan 13 22 0 10.5 27 Feb 15 24 5.4 13 34
During the study period, wind speed measured on site varied between 0 to 2.84m/s. The wind
rose diagram indicates predominant wind direction is from South.
Figure 3-1: Wind Rose Diagram of Study Period (December 2018 to February 2019)
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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3.5 Ambient Air Quality
Ambient air quality monitoring is done to determine the general background concentration
levels of pollutant. The prime objective of the ambient air quality study is to assess the existing
air quality of study area and to establish the existing ambient air quality within the study area
and its conformity to NAAQS.
3.5.1 Selection of Sampling Locations
The sources of air pollution in the region are small scale and medium scale industries, mining
activity, vehicular traffic, dust arising from unpaved village roads and domestic fuel burning.
The due consideration during the selection of sampling locations was given to the likely affected
zones during mining activity. Eight (8) numbers of monitoring stations were set up to assess the
existing air quality of the study area. One station was located inside the proposed project site
(core zone) and remaining seven others, outside (buffer zone) the proposed project site. The
locations of the monitoring stations were based on the frequent wind directions (secondary
data) in order to site the stations as close as feasible to the anticipated maximum pollutant
deposition areas moreover duly considering human habitation and proximity to sensitive zones
within the study area. Logistic considerations as ready accessibility, security, availability of
reliable power supply etc. were examined while finalizing the monitoring locations. The
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring locations have been presented in Figure. 3.2.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Figure 3-2: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Location
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Table 3-3: Showing Ambient Air Monitoring Locations
Stations Name Dis
(km)
Dir Lat. Long Criteria
AQ1 Mine Site 0 - 28°9'57.274"N 73°6'12.329"E Project Site
AQ2 Kawni 1.3 S 28°8'44.587"N 73°5'57.257"E Nearest habitation
AQ3 Mehrasar 5.8 NE 28°13'1.706"N 73°8'6.144"E 1st Pre-dominant Up-
Wind direction
AQ4 Sharah Borla
6.5 SW 28°7'5.329"N 73°1'58.797"E Densely population
area
AQ5 Gol Pratap singh
4 SE 28°7'40.269"N 73°7'44.046"E 1st Pre-dominant
down-Wind direction
AQ6 Sharah Ratani Vyas
8.2 S 28°4'50.152"N 73°5'37.503"E 3rd Pre-dominant
down-Wind direction
AQ7 Sharah Sutharan Makrah
9.1 SW 28°4'33.862"N 73°3'29.56"E Cross wind direction
AQ8 Sharah Sutharan Gopala
5.4 S 28°6'16.965"N 73°5'25.908"E 2ndPre-dominant
down-Wind direction
3.5.2 Methodology
As per the scope of work, 8 ambient air quality monitoring stations were monitored for specific air
pollutants during the study period. All the instruments (samplers) were installed between 1 to 4 m
above ground level which was free from any obstructions. The sampling and analysis of required
parameters were carried out as per IS:5182 and NAAQS Monitoring & Analysis Guideline, Volume 1.
Following are the parameters monitored during the study period.
Particulate Matter (PM10 and PM2.5)
Sulphur dioxide (SO2)
Nitrogen dioxide (NOx)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Table 3-4 Techniques Adopted/Protocols for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
S. No Parameters Techniques Technical Protocol
1 Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) West& Geake IS:5182(P2) 2 Nitrogen Dioxide(NO2) Jacob & Hochheiser IS:5182(P6) 3 ParticulateMatterPM10 Gravimetric IS:5182(P15)
4 ParticulateMatterPM2.5 Gravimetric IS:5182 Part-24 5
Carbon-monoxide as CO
CO
NDIR IS:5182(P-10)
3.5.3 Data Analysis
The Ambient Air Quality survey has been carried out at 8 locations within 10 km radius around the
proposed project site. Measurement of Particulate pollutant (PM10&PM2.5) and gaseous pollutants
(SO2, NOX and CO) levels helps to understand the existing environmental scenario. The results of all
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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the locations were further computed for statistical parameters like Minimum, Maximum
concentrations and Arithmetic mean (AM). The results are shown in Table No. 3-5.
Table 3-5 Ambient Air Quality Data
Pollutant Location
Codes Max. Min. Avg.
98
Percentile NAAQS
PM10
(µg/m3)
A-1 82.00 62.00 69.45 80.16
100
A-2 80.00 60.00 68.20 78.16
A-3 74.00 58.00 65.79 74.00
A-4 72.00 56.00 65.16 72.00
A-5 72.00 60.00 65.70 70.00
A-6 68.00 54.00 62.20 68.00
A-7 67.00 52.00 61.20 66.54
A-8 66.00 56.00 61.08 66.00
PM2.5
(µg/m3)
A-1 48.00 36.00 40.58 42.00
60
A-2 46.00 36.00 40.49 45.32
A-3 44.40 34.00 39.05 45.54
A-4 43.20 34.00 38.72 45.32
A-5 42.00 36.00 39.38 43.20
A-6 40.00 30.25 34.83 38.50
A-7 38.00 30.00 34.59 41.15
A-8 39.00 30.00 36.05 43.80
NO2
(µg/m3)
A-1 30.00 20.00 25.00 29.08
80
A-2 29.00 21.00 24.91 28.54
A-3 25.60 17.60 21.90 25.60
A-4 28.00 18.00 23.08 27.54
A-5 29.00 18.00 24.45 28.54
A-6 28.00 19.00 23.29 28.00
A-7 29.00 19.00 23.66 26.54
A-8 28.00 20.00 23.95 28.00
SO2
(µg/m3)
A-1 14 8 10.41 13.54
80
A-2 13.00 7.00 10.16 13.00
A-3 11.00 5.00 9.04 11.00
A-4 14.00 7.00 10.12 14.00
A-5 13.00 6.00 10.41 13.00
A-6 12.00 5.00 9.00 12.00
A-7 13.00 8.00 10.37 13.00
A-8 14.00 6.00 9.45 13.54
CO
(mg/m3)
A-1 0.88 0.68 0.76 0.86
02 A-2 0.94 0.62 0.76 0.93
A-3 0.93 0.63 0.78 0.92
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Pollutant Location
Codes Max. Min. Avg.
98
Percentile NAAQS
A-4 0.92 0.65 0.77 0.91
A-5 0.93 0.62 0.74 0.91
A-6 0.94 0.65 0.79 0.91
A-7 0.92 0.66 0.78 0.92
A-8 0.84 0.63 0.73 0.84
(Source: Mantec Laboratory)
Figure 3-3 Graphical representations of Particulate Pollutants (PM10 and PM 2.5)
Figure 3-4 Graphical representation of NO2 and SO2 pollutant
82 8074 72 72
68 67 66
100
48 46 44.4 43.2 42 40 38 39
60
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
A-1 A-2 A-3 A-4 A-5 A-6 A-7 A-8 NAAQS
Av
era
ge
Co
nce
ntr
ati
on
(µ
g/
m3)
Locations
PM10
PM2.5
14 13 1114 13 12 13 14
80
30 2925.6
28 29 28 29 28
80
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
A-1 A-2 A-3 A-4 A-5 A-6 A-7 A-8 NAAQS
Av
era
ge
Co
nce
ntr
ati
on
(µ
g/
m3)
Locations
SO2
NOX
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Figure 3-5 Graphical representation of CO pollutant
3.5.4 Interpretation:
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring reveals that the concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 for all the 8
AAQM stations were found between 52.00 to 82.00μg/m3 and 30.00 to 48.00μg/m3 respectively.
Maximum concentration of particulate pollutant (both PM10 and PM2.5) was found at location A-1
due to presence of mining activities like extraction, loading & unloading, transportation of
mineral.
The concentrations of SO2 and NO2 were found to be in range of 5.00 to 14.00μg/m3 and 17.60 to
30.00μg/m3 respectively.
The high concentration of SO2 was found at A1 which is due to emission from mining machinery.
The high concentration of NO2 was found at A1 due to the existing mining & allied activity.
A suitable green belt is planned along the haul road and at strategic locations inside the mine site
which will further reduce the air pollution.
The baseline data of ambient air quality was compared with air quality data of Bikaner city.
The proposed project is mining of Gypsum in which particulate pollutant are major contributors
to the environment. The baseline status of existing condition suggested that the ambient air
quality is well below NAAQS limits.
The CO level was in range of 0.62 to 0.94 mg/m3. The high concentration of CO was found at A2
which is due to the mining & its allied activities.
As per the analytical reports of the 10 Km study area the ambient air quality are well below the
NAAQS limits. However, after commissioning of the project the prevailing baseline status of area will
be distributed so to maintain the ambient air quality of the area, the latest / modern air pollution
control measurements along with suitable EMP will be adopted, which will be elaborated in Chapter-
4 of the report.
0.88 0.94 0.93 0.92 0.93 0.94 0.920.84
2
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
A-1 A-2 A-3 A-4 A-5 A-6 A-7 A-8 NAAQS
Av
era
ge
Co
nce
ntr
ati
on
(µ
g/
m3)
Locations
CO
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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3.6 Noise Environment
Noise often defined as unwanted sound, interferes with speech communication, causes annoyance,
distraction from work; disturb sleep, thus deteriorating quality of human environment. Noise
Pollution survey has therefore been carried out.
The noise level variation can be temporal, spectral and spatial. From environment point of view,
higher noise levels may affect health of human beings and disturbance to animals if they are close to
the noise generating sources. In order to know the baseline noise levels, in and around the project
site, noise levels were measured at the site and also at villages in the study area.
3.6.1 Methodology of noise measurement
For noise measurement, calibrated and integrated sound level meter manufactured by Baseline
Technologies USA (Cygnet Sl. No. A0703126) was used. SLM (Sound Level Meter) was mounted on a
tripod stand as per the standard methodology for noise measurements. Special care was taken while
recording the noise levels and also ensure to the least amount of reflective surface is exposed from
the body to the meter.
Noise levels were recorded at 8 locations by Sound Level Meter in dB (A). Noise levels were
recorded as per IS: 9989 entitled “Assessment of noise with respect to community response”
methodology. Noise levels were recorded at approximately 1.5 meter above the ground level. The
measurements were carried out 1 m away from the sources and 1 m away from the edge of the
roads. In order to reduce the disturbances from standing waves. The mean values were taken for
reporting. Ambient noise levels were compared with National Ambient Air Quality Standards in
respect to noise.
3.6.2 Data Analysis
The statistical analysis (Table-3.6) is done for recorded noise levels at 8 locations. The location of
Noise Quality Monitoring stations are depicted in Figure. 3.6.
Table 3-6: Showing Noise Monitoring Locations
Stations Name Latitude Longitude Dist (km) Dir Criteria
NQ1 Mine Site 28°9'57.274"N 73°6'12.329"E -- -- Project Site
NQ2 Kaoni 28°8'44.587"N 73°5'57.257"E 1.3 S Nearest habitation
NQ3 Mehrasar 28°13'1.706"N 73°8'6.144"E 5.8 NE Nearby habitation
NQ4 Sharah Borla 28°7'5.329"N 73°1'58.797"E 6.5 SW Near to the district
road
NQ5 Gol Pratap singh 28°7'40.269"N 73°7'44.046"E 4 SE Nearby habitation
NQ6 Sharah Ratani Vyas
28°4'50.152"N 73°5'37.503"E 8.2 S Nearby habitation
NQ7 Sharah Sutharan Makrah
28°4'33.862"N 73°3'29.56"E 9.1 SW Near to the district
road
NQ8 Sharah Sutharan Gopala
28°6'16.965"N 73°5'25.908"E 5.4 S Nearby habitation
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Figure 3-6: Noise Quality Monitoring Locations
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Table 3-7: CPCB Noise Standards
Table 3-8: Noise level data
Noise Result
Noise Standards of Noise Level Noise Level
db(A)
S. No. Location Category of
Area
Day dB
(A)
Night dB
(A)
Day
(Ld)
Night
(Ln)
1 Mine Site Mining Area 55 45 52.4 42.4
2 Kaoni Village Residential 55 45 48.2 39.6
3 Mehrasar Village Residential 55 45 50.4 37.9
4 Sharah Borla Residential 55 45 46.6 38.4
5 Sharah Ratani vyas Residential 55 45 47.2 36.2
6 Gol Pratap Singh Residential 55 45 44.6 36.7
7 Sharah Sutharan
Makrah
Residential 55 45 48.2 39.2
8 Sharah Sutharan Gopala Residential 55 45 45.4 37.4
Figure 3-7 Equivalent Noise Levels at all locations
3.6.3 Interpretation
The noise levels at project site is found to be 44.60-52.40 and 36.20-42.40 for day and night
time respectively.
52.4
48.250.4
46.6 47.244.6
48.245.4
42.439.6
37.9 38.436.2 36.7
39.237.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8
Ld Day Ln Night
Category of Zones Categorization of locations Noise level in dB(A)
Day Night Residential N1, N2, N3, N4, N5, N6, N7, N8 55 45
Silence Zone - 50 40
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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The high levels of noise in day for project site can be attributed due to mining activities and
vehicular activities. The night levels of Noise are low since the mining is carried out only in day
time.
The noise levels at all location are well below the NAAQS standards w.r.t noise.
3.7 Traffic Study
Traffic remains the concealed component of the impact analysis of any new development project.
Therefore, the impact of certain projects on traffic and transportation is too far reaching to be
subsumed under a generalized EIA study. Traffic Analysis is a study carried out to predict the
magnitude and effects that a proposed project, generates on the existing transportation network.
Traffic analysis can also be used to evaluate whether the proposed project is appropriate and what
type of transportation facility improvements would be necessary.
The three main types of automobile vehicles being used in the country are Passenger cars powered
by four strokes gasoline engines. Motor cars, scooters and auto rickshaws powered mostly by small
two stroke diesel engines. Large trucks and buses powered by mostly 4 stroked engines.
3.7.1 Data Analysis
The traffic study was carried out for SH-3 for 24 hours which is near to the proposed site and is a
medium for transportation of Gypsum to local market.
*100% mineral will transfer through NH-116A (50% up and 50% down)
3.7.2 Existing traffic scenario
The Level of Service (LOS) and the capacity of the Roadway segments computed is based on the
Indian Roads Congress (IRC) standards sourced from Guidelines for Capacity of Rural Roads in Plain
Areas IRC 64-1990. Following table provides the LOS standards adopted based on the volume to
capacity (V/C) ratios at the intersections and its performance.
V/C LOS Performance 0.0-0.2 A Excellent 0.2-0.4 B Very Good 0.4-0.6 C Good/ Average/ Fair 0.6-0.8 D Poor 0.8-1.0 E Very Poor
S.
No. Type of Vehicle Vehicle
Distribution/day PCU No. of Vehicles
in PCU/day Vehicles in
PCU/hr 1 Cars 100 1 100 4 2 Buses 30 3 90 4 3 Trucks 60 3 180 8 4 Tractors/Trailors 32 1.5 48 2 5 Two Wheelers 244 0.5 122 5 6 Three Wheelers 120 1 120 12
Total 586 660 28
Name of Highway Direction Dispatched Ratio in Percentage Up Down
SH-3 Sattasar Bikaner 100* Total Mineral transported through National Highways
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Figure 3-8: Pie chart representations for Total vehicular data on SH-3
Type of Road Existing Volume
(PCU/day) Capacity in (PCU/day)
V/C Ratio
LOS
SH-3 660 2000 0.33 B
During Mine Operation
Total Capacity of mine 50000
No. of working days 300
Extraction and Transportation of mineral 167 MT/day
Working hours per day 8 hour
Truck Capacity 20 Tons
Frequency of trucks deployed/day (2 x 4 trips/day x 2 up/down) 16
Increase in PCU/day(= 16*3) 48
Frequency of trucks deployed/hr 6
Increase in PCU/hr 18
Road Increased PCU’s-
National Highway
Volume (V) Capacity
(C)
Modified
V/C Ratio
LOS
SH-3 48 660 +48 =708 2000 0.35 B
Daily Emissions from Transportation
Vehicle Type Emission factors (gm/km)
CO NOx HC PM Heavy Diesel Vehicles 1.5 3.5 0.96 0.02
CPCB Bharat Stage IV emission Vehicle Type and Nos. of
Vehicles Parameters (gm/km/day)
CO NOx HC PM Trucks/Dumper : 2 3.0 7.0 1.92 0.04
Parameters (gm /day)
Haul road length is 3.43 Km 10.29 24.01 6.5 0.13
17%
5%
10%
5%42%
21% Cars
Buses
Trucks
Tractors/Trailors
Two Wheelers
Three Wheelers
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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3.7.3 Interpretation
Out of the total traffic vehicles, 2 wheelers are very high followed by light and medium
vehicles. The movement of two wheelers and light vehicles are largely found in daytime.
The difference of heavy vehicle movement both day and night time was very marginal. The
density of heavy vehicles was comparatively low. The LOS study shows that the existing
traffic scenario is “Very good” and the free flow of vehicles is observed during the study
period.
Due to the mine project the traffic density will increase as the entire mineral will be
transported through the SH-3 under study and the value of LOS would remain same i.e. Very
good.
Figure 3-9: Showing the Evacuation Gates and Haulage Road /Motorable Road Map
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Figure 3-10:- Transportation Map of 10 km Buffer Area
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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3.8 Water Environment
Water of high quality is essential to human life, and water of acceptable quality is essential for
agricultural, industrial, domestic and commercial uses; in addition, most recreation is water based;
therefore, major activities having potential effects on surface water are certain to be of appreciable
concern to the consumers.
3.8.1 Methodology
Water samples were collected from 2 locations (2 Surface Water)(Figure3.11). Samples were
collected as per IS: 3025 (Part 1) methodology. Necessary precautions were taken while collecting,
preserving and transporting. The parameters like pH, temperature and DO were measured at the
site while collecting the sample. For analyzing other parameters the samples were brought to Head
Laboratory situated in Noida. All the parameters were analyzed as per "Methods of Sampling and
Test (Physical and Chemical) for water and waste water” IS: 3025 and ‘Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and Wastewater’ APHA. The results are then compared with the CPCB Water
Quality Criteria of water. 2 surface water samples were collected from the study area to assess the
water quality during the study period.
Note: Water samples were collected only surface water sources. Ground water is not available
in the study area.
Table 3-9: Monitoring Location of Surface Water and Ground Water S. No Location Dist (Km) Dir Latitude Longitude Criteria SW1 Near Mine site 2.7 E 28°9'28.122"N 73°6'17.756"E Pond SW2 Canal 0.18 S 28°10'4.929"N 73°8'25.06"E Tributary of Indira
Gandhi Canal
Table 3-10: Surface water quality data Sl. No. Parameters Units Pond Near
Mine Site Canal Water Near
Kaoni Village Standards as per CPCB for class D
1 pH _ 7.48 7.53 6.5 to 8.5
2 Temperature °C 20.4 21.2 -- 3 Colour Hazen Units <5 <5 -- 4 Order _ Agreeable Agreeable -- 5 Conductivity µmhos/ cm 1364 1094 -- 6 Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/L 214 192 -- 7 Total Dissolved Solids mg/L 865 714 -- 8 Total Suspended Solids mg/L <5 <5 -- 9 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/L 412 306 --
10 Calcium as CaCO3 mg/L 248 186 -- 11 Magnesium as CaCO3 mg/L 64 120 -- 12 Chloride as Cl mg/L 216 178 -- 13 Phosphate as PO4 mg/L 2.20 1.60 -- 14 Nitrate as NO3 mg/L 44 42 -- 15 Sulphate as SO4 mg/L 108 84 -- 16 Fluoride as Fe mg/L 2.40 3.20 -- 17 Phenolic Compound mg/L <0.001 <0.001 -- 18 Copper as Cu mg/L <0.01 <0.01 -- 19 Cadmium mg/L <0.001 <0.001 -- 20 Selenium as Se mg/L <0.01 <0.01 -- 21 Mercury as Hg mg/L <0.001 <0.001 -- 22 Total Arsenic as As mg/L <0.01 <0.01 -- 23 Lead as Pb mg/L <0.01 <0.01 --
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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24 Manganese as Mn mg/L <0.02 <0.02 --
25 Zinc as Zn, Max mg/L <0.01 <0.02 --
26 Chromium as Cr+6 mg/L <0.05 <0.05 -- 27 Boron as B mg/L ND ND -- 28 Anionic Detergents mg/L <0.05 <0.05 --
29 Iron as Fe mg/L 0.18 0.12 -- 30 Sodium as Na mg/L 166 112 -- 31 Potassium as K mg/L 22 16 -- 31 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 5.5 5.2 4mg/l or more
33 BOD mg/L 64 38 5 days 20C 3mg/l or less
34 COD mg/L 196 104 35 Total Coliform MPN/100ml 2841 2412 5000 or less 36 Faecal Coliform MPN/100ml 1536 1142
3.8.2 Interpretation of Results
The analysis results indicate that the pH value is 7.48 to 7.53. which is well within the
specified standard of 6.5 to 8.5.
The TDS was observed as 714 to 865 mg/l.
The chlorides were found as 178 to 216 mg/l.
The sulphate were found as 84 to108mg/l. It is observed that sulphate are within limits;
Total hardness ranges between 306 to 412 mg/l.
Metals: Iron is found in between 0.12 -0.18 mg/l.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Figure 3-11: Map showing Water Sampling Location
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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3.9 Soil Environment
In the study area sand is the dominant soil throughout the area. Soil is the media for supplying the
nutrient for plant growth. Nutrients are available for a plant at certain pH of soils can be reflected by
addition of pollutants in it either by air, water or by solid waste. In order to establish the baseline
status of soil characteristic, soil sampling is conducted in the study area based on the land
classification.
3.9.1 Methodology
Soil Sampling was carried out at 8 sites to understand the soil quality. Meticulous attention was paid
to collect adequate amount of composite soil samples for analysis. After removing the surface
vegetation cover, visible roots, plant litter, gravel, plastic materials and other foreign materials,
samples were collected by using Agar at a depth of 50, 150 and 300 cm and mixed thoroughly and
analyzed as a single unit sample.
3.9.2 Data Analysis
The soil samples were collected from eight locations around the 10 km radius of proposed project.
The samples were collected during the winter season from the selected locations (Figure. 3-12).
Table 3-11: Soil Sampling locations
Stations Name Latitude Longitude Distance
(km)
Direction
S1 Mine Site 28°9'57.274"N 73°6'12.329"E 0 -
S2 Kaoni 28°8'44.587"N 73°5'57.257"E 1.3 S
S3 Mehrasar 28°13'1.706"N 73°8'6.144"E 5.8 NE
S4 Sharah Borla 28°7'5.329"N 73°1'58.797"E 6.5 SW
S5 Gol Pratap singh 28°7'40.269"N 73°7'44.046"E 4 SE
S6 Sharah Ratani Vyas 28°4'50.152"N 73°5'37.503"E 8.2 S
S7 Sharah Sutharan
Makrah
28°4'33.862"N 73°3'29.56"E 9.1 SW
S8 Sharah Sutharan
Gopala
28°6'16.965"N 73°5'25.908"E 5.4 S
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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Figure 3-12: Map showing Soil sampling locations
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Table 3-12 Physico-chemical Properties of Soil
Location(Sample ID)
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
S. No. Parameters Units Value Value Value Value Value Value Value Value 1 pH - 7.56 7.86 8.14 7.51 8.36 8.46 8.22 7.48 2 Bulk Density gm/cm3 1.41 1.44 1.52 1.46 1.54 1.56 1.51 1.48 3 Conductivity Micro mhos/cm 382.4 392.8 462.6 378.4 398.2 426.6 418.6 354.8 4 Moisture % 8.8 9.2 10.2 8.6 11.6 10.8 11.2 8.4 5 Texture - Sandy
Loam Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
6 Sand % 68 70 72 66 74 66 72 66
7 Clay % 10 8 8 12 8 14 12 10
8 Silt % 22 22 20 22 18 20 16 24
9 Sodium mg/100gm 3.6 4.6 5.8 3.2 5.2 5.4 4.8 3.8
10 CEC meq/100gm 7.58 6.16 6.64 8.44 6.76 9.84 8.68 7.36
11 Potassium mg/100gm 1.6 2.2 3.4 1.9 2.4 2.8 2.8 2.1
12 Nitrogen mg/100gm 8.4 9.8 10.8 8.2 12.6 13.4 12.2 7.8
13 Phosphorous mg/100gm 0.62 0.74 0.82 0.68 0.88 0.94 0.84 0.76
14 Organic Matter
% 1.29 1.08 1.32 1.22 1.38 1.42 1.34 1.18
15 Ca meq/100gm 3.82 3.74 4.04 3.18 4.36 4.68 4.24 3.84
16 Mg meq/100gm 2.18 2.32 3.06 2.12 3.14 3.24 3.16 2.68
17 SAR - 0.91 1.14 1.33 0.85 1.22 1.18 1.08 0.92
3.9.3 Interpretation
The analysis results show that soil is basic in nature as pH value ranges from 7.51 to 8.46 with
organic matter 1.08 % - 1.42%.
The concentration of Nitrogen (7.8 mg/100gm to 13.4mg/100gm) Phosphorus (0.62 to
0.94mg/100gm) and Potassium (1.6 to 34 mg/100gm) has been found to be in good amount
in the soil samples. The soil is found to be suitable for the agricultural purpose.
The soil will not be affected by proposed mining project since the mining & its allied activities
will not affect the nearby soil quality of area.
3.10 Land Use and Land Cover
3.10.1 Land Use of the Study area
The objective of land use study is to provide the baseline status of the study area covering 10 km
radius around the proposed mine site so that temporal changes due to mining activities on
surrounding can be assessed in future. The land use land cover study has been done through digital
image processing and visual interpretation technique to generate output of Land use / Land cover
map of study area on 1:50,000 scale.”
Data Used
The software ERDAS Imagine 14 has been used for image processing of satellite data and in Arc GIS
10.2.1 Software, the final layout map with area calculation has been prepared. The satellite image
retrieved from Land sat 8. The methodology used for present LU/LC of study area is shown in
Figure below:
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Figure 3-13: Methodology use for land-use classification & mapping
3.10.2 Results
A standard False Color Composite (FCC) image has also been generated on 1:50000 scale and given
in Figure 3-16. The proposed project site is located on land with scrub land use class. Results are
given in Table 3-13.
Table 3-13: Land use/ land cover analysis
S. No Classes Area (sq.km) Area in %
1 Settlement 79.47 20.40
2 Agriculture 210.15 53.94
3 Vegetation 4.43 1.14
4 Waste Land 1.26 0.32
5 Water Bodies 2.11 0.54
6 Desert 92.18 23.66
Total 389.60 100.00
(Source: Land Use Map)
3.1.1 Interpretation
The study area is dominated by agriculture Land which is approximately 53.94% of study
area. The irrigation of such land is through rainwater and some areas through Indira Gandhi
canal.
The settlement area is 20.40 % of total land use area which comprises of major residential
areas of Kaoni Village, Mehrasar, Gol Pratap Singh Dhani.
The land use covers desert which makes up to 23.66 % of total land use area.
0.54 % of the land use area is covered by water bodies which are covered by Indira Gandhi
Canal in the study area.
0.32 % of total land use area covered by waste land.
1.14 % of total land use area covered by vegetation.
Supervised Classification
Unsupervised
Classification
PCA / Band
Composit
ion
Procurement of Satellite Data
Image
Registration
Mosaking & Subset
Study Area
Classification
Accuracy
Assessment
Output
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Figure 3-14: land-use classification of the study area
The land use land cover of the study area is depicted in figure 3-15
Settlement20.4%
Agriculture53.94%
Vegetation1.14%
Waste Land0.32%
Water Bodies0.54%
Desert23.66%
Land Use Classification based on 1991 dataSettlement
Agriculture
Vegetation
Waste Land
Water Bodies
Desert
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Figure 3-15:Land use land cover
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Figure 3-16:FCC Map
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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3.11 Hydrology
3.11.1 Geomorphology
Bikaner district is conspicuous of vast sandy areas and lack of hills. The topography is undulating
interspersed with dunes of eolian origin. The table below reveals that the minimum elevation in the
district is 103.7m above mean sea level (amsl) as found in Kolayat block whereas the maximum
elevation is 349.1 m amsl in Nokha block where rocks of Tertiary sandstone are exposed. General
slope of the terrain is from southeast to northwest. The geomorphology of the district is described
in the Table 3-14.
Table 3-14: Geomorphologic units, their description and distribution
(source: Groundwater Department Rajasthan report, 2013)
Origin Landform units Description
Aeolian
Dune Complex An undulating plain composed of number of sand
dunes of crescent shape
Dune Valley
Complex
Cluster of dunes and interdunal spaces with
undulating topography formed due to wind-blown
activity, comprising of unconsolidated sand and silt.
Eolian Plain Formed by aeolian activity, with sand dunes of
varying height, size, slope. Long stretches of sand
sheet. Gently sloping flat to undulating plain,
comprised of fine to medium grained sand and silt.
Also scattered xerophytic vegetation
Eolian Plain
(Reclaimed)
Gently sloping with sheet of sand or sand dunes,
scattered xerophytic vegetation
Interdunal
Depression
Slightly depressed area in between the dunal complex
showing moisture and fine sediments.
Interdunal Flat Flat, narrow land between dunes.
Sandy Plain Formed of aeolian activity, wind-blown sand with
gentle sloping to undulating plain, comprising of
coarse sand, fine sand, silt and clay
Denudational Buried Pediment Pediment covers essentially with relatively thicker
alluvial, colluvial or weathered materials
Pediment Broad gently sloping rock flooring, erosional surface
of low relief between hill and plain, comprised of
varied lithology, criss-crossed by fractures and faults.
Pediplain Coalescence and extensive occurrence of pediment.
Fluvial Alluvium Plain
(Sandy)
Flat to gentle undulating plain formed due to fluvial
activity, mainly consists of gravels, sand, silt and clay
with unconsolidated material of varying lithology,
predominantly sand along river.
Hills Structural Hill,
Linear to arcuate hills showing definite trend-lines
with varying lithology associated with folding,
faulting etc.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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3.11.2 Geology
The Bikaner district is predominantly covered (about 80%) by alluvial and eolian sand. Most of the
eolian sand is seen as sand dunes of variable heights. Otherwise, the geologic succession of the area
is represented by rocks of Palaeosoic to Recent age. The next group of formations (after eolian and
alluvial sand) is that of Tertiary Group of rocks represented by Sandstones of variable grain size.
These are also exposed in Bikaner-Kolayat region. Marwar Super Group represented by Nagaur
Sandstones and Bilara limestone occupies southeastern part of the district.
Figure 3-17: Geological and Geomorphological map of the Bikaner District
3.11.3 Climate and Rainfall
The climate of the district is characterized by very high temperature, uncertain rainfall and dryness.
The winter season, which starts in November lasts till February, followed by summer lasting up to
June. Period from July to mid -September is monsoon season. There is a large variation between
maximum and minimum temperature within the district, while the average maximum temperature
is about reaches up to 50:C, the minimum is around 5:C. The average total annual rainfall is
approximately 455 mm.
The rainfall is very limited and erratic. The general distribution of rainfall across can be visualized
from isohyets presented in the Plate III where major part of the district has received average
rainfall less than 500mm in the year 2010. Most of the rainfall, i.e., approximately 90% of the total
annual rainfall or more, is received during monsoon period and non-monsoon rainfall is very
limited or negligible. The annual average rainfall was 458.2 mm based on the data of available
blocks while highest average annual rainfall is 595.4 mm in Dungargarh block. Lowest of minimum
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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average annual rainfall was in Khajuwal block (288.0 mm). Lunkaransar block has received highest
maximum annual rainfall of about 781.2 mm.
Figure 3-18: Rainfall distribution map of the district
3.11.4 Hydrogeology
Variety of rock-types constitutes aquifer in Bikaner district. While Older alluvium forms most
widespread aquifer material but most of it contains saline water rendering it not very useful and
only about 8% of the district’s aquifers contain fresh water in alluvial aquifers. Tertiary sandstones
are also very good aquifers both in spatial distribution as well as in ground water quality within
them because it occupies about 31% of the district area of which about 24% is fresh water aquifer.
Also important are Nagaur and Jodhpur sandstone and partly the Bilara limestone.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Ground water development stage
Categorization on the basis of stage of development of ground water
Block Name
Safe Kolayat, Lunkaransar OverExploited Nokha, Dungargarh, Kahjuwal, bikaner
Basis for categorization: Ground water development <= 70% - Safe and >100% - Over-Exploited.
Figure 3-19: Hydrogeology and Stage of Ground water Development (Block wise) Map of
Bikaner district
3.11.5 Site specific Hydrogeology: The deep water level around the site area varies between 67.35-111.70m bgl in the pre-monsoon
season (May, 2011) and the deep water level varies from 67.22 to 116.40 m bgl during post-
monsoon period (Nov, 2011). The water level fluctuation map is given in Figure 3-20.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Figure 3-20:Depth to water level in the pre and post monsoon period (2011)
3.12 Ecology and Biodiversity
3.12.1 Introduction
The proposed mine sites falls in the Thar Desert of Rajasthan which is full of sand and scattered
rocky, steep slopes. This is an arid zone where rainfall is sparse, ranging from 120 mm to 230 mm
annually and mean daily maximum temperature in summer ranges up to 480 C or even more. The
accumulation of sand masses forms sand ‘dunes’.
Topography and climate factors play significant role in determining the types of vegetation.
Therefore, being arid region vegetation in this area is sparse. Only xerophytic adapted plants are
able to establish themselves. Mostly, the vegetation consists of stunted, thorny or prickly shrubs and
herbs of drought resistance nature.
3.12.2 Material and Methods
The filed survey to assess the biodiversity of the area was performed in the month of Dec, 2018 to
Feb, 2019 in the core area and the buffer zone (10 km radius with reference to the project site).
For the estimation of floral species, total 8 locations (in core area and within 10 Km of buffer zone)
in the study area (Figure 3-21) were sampled.
Table 3-15: Coordinates for Line Transect Survey
Area SN Location Latitude Longitude
Core Area 1. Transect2 28°10'6.20"N 73° 6'54.38"E
2. Transect4 28° 9'25.44"N 73° 4'58.05"E
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Buffer Area
3. Transect1 28°11'12.98"N 73° 5'23.84"E
4. Transect3 28° 7'57.59"N 73° 6'18.78"E
5. Transect5 28°14'21.97"N 73° 5'19.08"E
6. Transect6 28° 9'55.05"N 73°12'4.69"E
7. Transect7 28° 5'25.72"N 73° 6'38.31"E
8. Transect8 28° 7'31.33"N 73° 1'22.11"E
Figure 3-21: Map Showing Sampling Locations For Biodiversity Assessment
Quadrats were laid down on alternate gaps along the transects in all directions at the project
location and buffer area to enumerate the quantitative attributes of tree, shrub and herb with 20m,
10m and 3m customized size quadrate respectively due to sparse nature of the flora. Moreover,
basal area of the shrub and herb was not recorded. The saplings of tree species were counted as
shrubs and seedlings of bigger species also included in the herb layer. Estimation of density,
frequency and dominance, Importance Value Index (IVI) were carried out as per Mishra (1968) and
Phillips (1959).
Parallel to the above, endeavors to prepare an inventory on the faunal species in the project area
also have been carried out. Basic methods such as chance sightseeing, morning and evening survey,
corpse/carcasses identification, footmark and fecal matter identification were practiced. Local
people were interrogated for the presence of faunal species in the area as well as authentic
secondary resources were also consulted.
Available secondary sources (Table: 3-16 have also been consulted for validation of the collected
information.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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All the species of the flora and fauna (recorded and reported) have been cross-verified with the
WPA and IUCN checklist of the endangered categories.
Table 3-16:Reference of Authentic Secondary Sources
BSI (2016).State wise Distribution of Endemic and Threatened plant texa of
India.http://www.bsienvis.nic.in/Database/E_3942.aspx
ENVIS Centre on Wildlife & Protected Areas Schedule Species Database
http://wiienvis.nic.in/Database/ScheduleSpeciesDatabase_7969.aspx
Forest survey of India, State of Forest Report -2017
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, version 3.1 https://www.iucn.org/resources/conservation-
tools/iucn-red-list-threatened-species.
Mishra, R. (1968). Ecology Workbook. Oxford and IBH Publishing Inc., Calcutta, India, Pages
Pandey, R.P. and Parmar P.J. (1993).An assessment of biological spectrum of flora of Rajasthan. J.
Econ. Taxon. Bot. 17: 99-103.
Philips, E.A. (1959). Methods of Vegetation Study. Henry Holt Co. Inc., New York, USA., Pages: 107.
Prakash I. (2001) survival strategies of desert vertebrates, In Prakash (ed) Ecology of desert
environments Scientific publishers, Jodhpur, India, pp 459-471.
Rajasthan Forest Department - Government of Rajasthan. https://fmdss.forest.rajasthan.gov.in/
3.12.3 Eco-Sensitive zone in the study area
No Eco-Sensitive Zone exists within the 10 km radius of the project site.
3.12.4 Description of vegetation and forest types in the project area
Rajasthan state bears less biodiversity in comparison to the other states. Thar Desert being an arid
zone is characterized with low rainfall, intense sunlight and dry winds. The native plant species
have adaptations that enable them to reproduce, grow and survive in the most inhospitable
environmental conditions.
The simplest adjustment is to have a shorter lifecycle, which is found in the desert ephemerals that
germinate in the first rains in July and die out by the time the soil dries up by December, leaving
behind seeds that will bloom again next year. Some plants have evolved special and deep root
systems and some have unique leaf and thorns characteristics and to cope with low water
availability and loss of water from plant surface.
The majority of the vegetation is confined to the Southern and Eastern parts of the project site
whereas western part is much harsh desert terrain. In the studied site the most sparse kind of
Tropical Thorn Forests is found which may also be called as scrub open forest due to scanty
vegetation.
The most common tree species in the project area are; Prosopis cineraria, Zizyphus mauritiana,
Ailanthus excelsa, Tecomella undulata, Acacia nilotica, Dalbergia sissoo and Holoptelea integrifolia.
The most common Shrubs are Crotalaria burhia, Leptadenia pyrotechnica and Zizyphus nummularia
are the most common examples. The sand dunes are stabilized by sand binder’s species like
Calotropis procera, Saccharum bengalense and Cenchrus sps etc. Cuscuta sp. is the common total
stems parasites.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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A description of the floral species found in the study area has been mentioned in the table 3-18along
with their family and common name.
Table 3-17: Number of Floral Species in Different Categories of the Study Area
S. No. Plant Life Form Number of Species 1 Trees 20 2 Shrubs 18 3 Herbs 11 4 Climbers 3 5 Grasses 8
Total No. of Species 60 Total Number of Families 35
Table3-18: Floral species found in the Project Area
S.N. Species Local Name Family
Tree Species
1. Aegle marmelos Bel Rutaceae
2. Acacia arabica Kikar Fabaceae
3. Acacia catechu Khair Fabaceae
4. Acacia nilotica Babool Fabaceae
5. Ailanthus excelsa Mhanimb Simaroubaceae
6. Albizia lebbeck Siris Mimosaceae
7. Anogeissus latifolia Dhaura Combretaceae
8. Azadirachta indica Neem Meliaceae
9. Bauhinia purpurea Khairwal Caesalpinaceae
10. Dalbergia sissoo Shesham Fabaceae
11. Ficus benjamina Pokur Moraceae
12. Ficus glomerata Gular Moraceae
13. Ficus religiosa Peepal Moraceae
14. Holoptelea integrifolia Kanju Ulmaceae
15. Madhuca longifolia Mahua Sapotaceae
16. Phoenix dactylifera Khajur Arecaceae
17. Prosopis cineraria Khejri, Jand Fabaceae
18. Salvadora oleoides Pilwan/Mitha Jal Salvadoraceae
19. Salvadora apersica Khari Jal Salvadoraceae
20. Tecomella undulata Rohida Bignoniaceae
Shrub Species
21. Aerva persica Bui Amaranthaceae
22. Acacia jacquemontii Baonḷī Fabaceae
23. Cassia tora Charota Caesalpiniaceae
24. Capparis decidua Kair Brassicales
25. Carissa carandas Karonda Apocynaceae
26. Callotro pisprocera Mudar Asclepiadaceae
27. Duranta repens Kantamehendi Verbenaceae
28. Fagonia arabica Dhamasa Zygophyllaceae
29. Jasminum sambac Mogra Oleaceae
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30. Lawsonia inermis Mehendi Lythraceae
31. Lantana camara Raimuniya Verbenaceae
32. Ocimum canum Babuitulsi Lamiaceae
33. Paspalum distichum Besak Poaceae
34. Ricinus cummunis Arandi Euphorbiaceae
35. Triumfetta rhomboidea Chikti Malvaceae
36. Xanthium indicum Chotadhatura Asteraceae
37. Ziziphus mauritiana Pemly Ber Rhamnaceae
38. Ziziphus nummularia Desert Ber Rhamnaceae
Herb Species
39. Achyranthes aspera Pricky chaff flower Amaranthaceae
40. Argemone mexicana Satyanashi, Daturi. Papveraceae
41. Ageratum conyzoides Visododi Asteraceae
42. Bidens pilosa Kumra Asteraceae
43. Calligonum polygonoides Phog Polygonaceae
44. Crotalaria burhia Saniya Fabaceae
45. Commelina benghalensis Kankawa Commelinaceae
46. Leptadenia pyrotechnica Kheemp Apocynaceae
47. Parthenium hysterophorus Chatakchandani Asteraceae
48. Phyllanthus niruri Bhuiamla Euphorbiaceae
49. Sesamum indicum SafedTil Pedialiaceae
Grass Species
50. Cenchrus biflorus Bhurat Poaceae
51. Cenchrus cilliaris Anjan Poaceae
52. Cenchrus setigerus Dhaman Poaceae
53. Cynodon dactylon Doob Poaceae
54. Desmostachya bipinnata Daabh Poaceae
55. Lasiurus scindicus Sewan Poaceae
56. Saccharum bengalense Moonj Poaceae
57. Saccharum spontaneum Kaans Poaceae
Climber Species
58. Cuscuta reflexa Amar bel Convolvulaceae
59. Gulancha tinospora Giloy Manispermaceae
60. Cucumis melo Wild Kharbooza Cucurbitaceae
3.12.5 Quantitative Attributes of the Vegetation of the Project Area
Quantitative Attributes of the Vegetation within the project area have been assessed along the
transects in four directions. The observed vegetation represents Tropical Thorn Forests in its most
sparse form. The majority of the vegetation is confined to the Southern and Eastern parts of the
project site whereas western part is much harsh desert terrain. The species richness and density of
trees were found to be in the of 5 to 19 species and 27.80 Ind/ha to 92.50 ind/ha respectively. In
case of shrubs species richness and density were found to be in the of 12 to 18 species and 215.00
Ind/ha to 605.00 ind/ha respectively whereas in case of herbs species richness and density were
found to be in the of 5 to 18 species and 1888.89 Ind/ha to 5222.22 ind/ha respectively. The
Shannon Winer Index Shannon Wiener Index is minimum in case of Western side of the project site
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and maximum in case of eastern side due to the quantum of the greenery present there. The species
wise detail has been mentioned in the table 3-19 to 3-22.
On the basis of IVI the most dominant species are; Prosopis cineraria, Zizyphus mauritiana, Ailanthus
excelsa, Tecomella undulata, Acacia nilotica and Holoptelea integrifolia. The most common Shrubs
are Crotalaria burhia, Leptadenia pyrotechnica and Zizyphus nummularia are the most common
examples. The sand dunes are stabilized by sand binder’s species like Calotropis procera, Saccharum
bengalense and Cenchrus sp. etc. Cuscuta sp. is the common total stems parasites.
Table 3-19: Phytosociological attributes of the floral species in the Eastern Direction of the
Project site
SN Trees D (Ind/ha) F (%) TBA (m2/ha) IVI
1 Acacia catechu 5.00 20.00 0.80 17.81
2 Acacia nilotica var. indica 2.50 10.00 0.12 6.68
3 Aegle marmelos 2.50 10.00 0.12 6.71
4 Ailanthus excelsa 5.00 20.00 0.69 16.91
5 Albizia lebbeck 5.00 20.00 1.07 19.93
6 Azadirachta indica 5.00 20.00 1.51 23.42
7 Bauhiniapurpurea 2.50 10.00 0.24 7.66
8 Commelina benghalensis 2.50 10.00 0.39 8.80
9 Dalbergia sissoo 7.50 20.00 1.55 26.42
10 Ficus glomerata 2.50 10.00 0.89 12.74
11 Ficus religiosa 2.50 10.00 0.58 10.32
12 Holoptelea integrifolia 2.50 10.00 0.37 8.63
13 Phoenix dactylifera 10.00 30.00 0.83 26.43
14 Prosopis cineraria 12.50 40.00 1.35 36.26
15 Salvadora oleoides 7.50 30.00 0.58 21.78
16 Salvadora persica 5.00 20.00 0.47 15.19
17 Sesamum indicum 2.50 10.00 0.33 8.37
18 Triumfetta rhomboidea 2.50 10.00 0.31 8.14
19 Xanthium indicum 7.50 20.00 0.46 17.79
Species Richness = 19, Total Density = 92.50Ind/ha, Total Basal Area = 12.67 m2/ha,
Shannon Wiener Index = 2.82
SN Shrubs and Saplings D (Ind/ha) F (%) IVI
1 Acacia catechu 30.00 30.00 12.02
2 Aegle marmelos 5.00 5.00 2.00
3 Aerva persica 55.00 35.00 17.33
4 Argemone mexicana 60.00 40.00 19.33
5 Callotropis procera 45.00 30.00 14.50
6 Capparis decidua 50.00 30.00 15.32
7 Carissa carandas 10.00 10.00 4.01
8 Cassia tora 60.00 40.00 19.33
9 Cucumis melo 20.00 20.00 8.01
10 Duranta repens 40.00 30.00 13.67
11 Fagonia arabica 50.00 30.00 15.32
12 Jasminum sambac 30.00 20.00 9.66
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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13 Ocimum canum 10.00 10.00 4.01
14 Phoenix dactylifera 20.00 20.00 8.01
15 Prosopis cineraria 50.00 30.00 15.32
16 Ricinus cummunis 30.00 20.00 9.66
17 Ziziphus mauritiana 40.00 25.00 12.49
Species Richness = 17, Total Density = 605.00Ind/ha, Shannon Wiener index = 2.72
SN Herb, Grasses and Seedlings D (Ind/ha) F (%) IVI
1 Acacia catechu 333.33 15.00 13.02
2 Achyranthes aspera 444.44 22.50 18.47
3 Ageratum conyzoides 222.22 7.50 7.57
4 Albizia lebbeck 55.56 5.00 3.28
5 Bidens pilosa 527.78 17.50 17.83
6 Calligonum polygonoides 166.67 10.00 7.62
7 Cenchrus biflorus 583.33 7.50 14.44
8 Cenchrus cilliaris 361.11 17.50 14.66
9 Cenchrus setigerus 333.33 12.50 11.90
10 Cynodon dactylon 500.00 12.50 15.08
11 Desmostachya bipinnata 111.11 10.00 6.56
12 Lasiurus scindicus 111.11 7.50 5.45
13 Leptadenia pyrotechnica 194.44 7.50 7.04
14 Parthenium hysterophorus 388.89 20.00 16.30
15 Paspalum distichum 83.33 5.00 3.81
16 Ricinus cummunis 166.67 10.00 7.62
17 Saccharum bengalense 166.67 10.00 7.62
18 Saccharum spontaneum 83.33 5.00 3.81
19 Salvadora persica 416.67 22.50 17.94
Species Richness = 19, Total Density = 5250.00 Ind/ha, Shannon Wiener index = 2.82
Table 3-20: Phytosociological Attributes of the floral species in the Northern Direction of the
Project Site S.N. Trees D (Ind/ha) F (%) TBA (m2/ha) IVI
1 Acacia arabica 2.50 10.00 0.17 7.71 2 Acacia catechu 7.50 30.00 1.33 29.09 3 Acacia nilotica 5.00 20.00 0.28 14.99 4 Aegle marmelos 2.50 10.00 0.69 11.50 5 Ailanthus excelsa 2.50 10.00 0.37 9.13 6 Albizia lebbeck 2.50 10.00 0.58 10.66 7 Anogeissus latifolia 2.50 10.00 0.64 11.14 8 Artocarpus heterophyllus 2.50 10.00 0.78 12.11 9 Azadirachta indica 2.50 10.00 0.24 8.24
10 Bauhiniapurpurea 5.00 20.00 0.65 17.67 11 Commelina benghalensis 5.00 20.00 1.15 21.31 12 Dalbergia sissoo 2.50 10.00 0.94 13.26 13 Ficus benjamina 2.50 10.00 0.63 11.01 14 Ficus religiosa 2.50 10.00 0.41 9.43 15 Phoenix dactylifera 12.50 30.00 2.25 41.81 16 Prosopis cineraria 15.00 40.00 1.93 45.93 17 Salvadora oleoides 5.00 20.00 0.48 16.45
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18 Xanthium indicum 2.50 10.00 0.29 8.57 Species Richness = 18, Total Density = 82.50 Ind/ha, Total Basal Area = 13.80 m2/ha,
Shannon Wiener Index = 2.72
SN Shrubs and Saplings D (Ind/ha) F (%) IVI 1 Acacia jacquemontii 30.00 20.00 13.53 2 Aerva persica 60.00 40.00 27.07 3 Argemone mexicana 45.00 25.00 18.66 4 Callotropis procera 30.00 15.00 11.89 5 Capparis decidua 35.00 20.00 14.70 6 Carissa carandas 10.00 10.00 5.60 7 Cassia tora 10.00 10.00 5.60 8 Duranta repens 40.00 30.00 19.14 9 Fagonia arabica 35.00 25.00 16.34
10 Gulancha tinospora 5.00 5.00 2.80 11 Jasminum sambac 30.00 20.00 13.53 12 Lawsonia inermis 10.00 10.00 5.60 13 Ocimum canum 5.00 5.00 2.80 14 Phoenix dactylifera 25.00 15.00 10.73 15 Prosopis cineraria 20.00 20.00 11.21 16 Ricinus cummunis 5.00 5.00 2.80 17 Ziziphus mauritiana 20.00 20.00 11.21
Species Richness = 17, Total Density = 430.00 Ind/ha, Shannon Wiener Index = 2.72
SN Herb, Grasses and Seedlings D (Ind/ha) F (%) IVI 1 Achyranthes aspera 444.44 27.50 28.95 2 Ageratum conyzoides 333.33 12.50 17.00 3 Calligonum polygonoides 138.89 10.00 9.86 4 Callotropis procera 388.89 15.00 20.08 5 Capparis decidua 194.44 10.00 11.49 6 Cenchrus biflorus 416.67 20.00 23.79 7 Cenchrus cilliaris 527.78 17.50 25.59 8 Cenchrus setigerus 111.11 10.00 9.05 9 Cynodon dactylon 27.78 2.50 2.26
10 Dalbergia sissoo 27.78 2.50 2.26 11 Desmostachya bipinnata 111.11 5.00 6.15 12 Leptadenia pyrotechnica 166.67 7.50 9.23 13 Parthenium hysterophorus 305.56 12.50 16.19 14 Paspalum distichum 55.56 5.00 4.52 15 Phyllanthus niruri 83.33 7.50 6.79 16 Saccharum spontaneum 83.33 7.50 6.79
Species Richness = 16, Total Density = 3416.67 Ind/ha, Shannon Wiener Index = 2.56 Table 3-21: Phytosociological attributes of the floral species in the Southern Direction of the
Project site S.N Trees D (Ind/ha) F (%) TBA (m2/ha) IVI 1 Acacia arabica 5.00 20.00 1.24 41.72 2 Acacia catechu 2.50 10.00 0.12 13.59 3 Acacia nilotica var. indica 2.50 10.00 0.40 17.61 4 Albizia lebbeck 5.00 20.00 0.07 24.56 5 Azadirachta indica 5.00 20.00 0.67 33.33 6 Bauhiniapurpurea 2.50 10.00 0.53 19.54
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7 Ficus glomerata 2.50 10.00 0.25 15.43 8 Phoenix dactylifera 2.50 10.00 0.39 17.40 9 Prosopis cineraria 5.00 20.00 1.11 39.73
10 Salvadora oleoides 2.50 10.00 0.89 24.79 11 Salvadora persica 2.50 10.00 0.59 20.42 12 Triumfetta rhomboidea 2.50 10.00 0.37 17.15 13 Xanthium indicum 2.50 10.00 0.20 14.73
Species Richness = 13, Total Density = 42.50 Ind/ha, Total Basal Area = 6.84 m2/ha, Shannon Wiener Index = 2.49
SN Shrubs and Saplings D (Ind/ha) F (%) IVI 1 Acacia arabica 30.00 20.00 9.71 2 Aerva persica 90.00 30.00 21.43 3 Argemone mexicana 50.00 20.00 12.76 4 Callotropis procera 80.00 55.00 26.32 5 Capparis decidua 45.00 30.00 14.56 6 Carissa carandas 15.00 10.00 4.85 7 Cuscuta reflexa 5.00 5.00 2.05 8 Fagonia arabica 40.00 30.00 13.80 9 Ficus glomatra 10.00 10.00 4.09
10 Jasminum sambac 50.00 30.00 15.33 11 Phoenix dactylifera 30.00 20.00 9.71 12 Prosopis cineraria 70.00 30.00 18.38 13 Ricinus cummunis 60.00 40.00 19.42 14 Salvadora persica 40.00 30.00 13.80 15 Ziziphus mauritiana 30.00 20.00 9.71 16 Ziziphus nummularia 10.00 10.00 4.09
Species Richness = 16, Total Density = 655.00 Ind/ha, Shannon Wiener Index = 2.62 SN Herb, Grasses and Seedlings D (Ind/ha) F (%) IVI 1 Achyranthes aspera 527.78 15.00 15.77 2 Albizia lebbeck 166.67 12.50 7.91 3 Argemone mexicana 361.11 25.00 16.35 4 Bidens pilosa 472.22 30.00 20.36 5 Calligonum polygonoides 250.00 17.50 11.39 6 Callotropis procera 361.11 22.50 15.41 7 Cenchrus biflorus 527.78 27.50 20.48 8 Cenchrus setigerus 611.11 20.00 19.25 9 Desmostachya bipinnata 416.67 20.00 15.53
10 Fagonia arabica 222.22 7.50 7.09 11 Lasiurus scindicus 527.78 15.00 15.77 12 Leptadenia pyrotechnica 194.44 15.00 9.38 13 Phyllanthus niruri 305.56 20.00 13.40 14 Saccharum bengalense 277.78 17.50 11.92
Species Richness = 14, Total Density = 5222.2 Ind/ha, Shannon Wiener Index = 2.59
Table 3-22: Phytosociological attributes of the floral species in the Western Direction of the
Project site
SN Trees D (Ind/ha) F (%) TBA (m2/ha) IVI 1 Acacia arabica 5.00 20.00 1.25 68.52 2 Acacia nilotica 7.50 30.00 0.37 64.05 3 Albizia lebbeck 2.50 10.00 0.41 28.77 4 Prosopis cineraria 10.00 40.00 1.35 107.64
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5 Salvadora oleoides 2.50 10.00 0.50 31.01 Species Richness = 5, Total Density = 27.50 Ind/ha, Total Basal Area = 3.87 m2/ha,
Shannon Wiener Index = 1.49
SN Shrubs and Saplings D (Ind/ha) F (%) IVI 1 Acacia arabica 10.00 10.00 10.90 2 Aerva persica 30.00 20.00 26.45 3 Argemone mexicana 25.00 15.00 21.00 4 Callotropis procera 30.00 20.00 26.45 5 Capparis decidua 20.00 15.00 18.68 6 Carissa carandas 5.00 5.00 5.45 7 Fagonia arabica 15.00 15.00 16.35 8 Jasminum sambac 20.00 15.00 18.68 9 Prosopis cineraria 20.00 15.00 18.68
10 Ricinus cummunis 20.00 15.00 18.68 11 Ziziphus mauritiana 15.00 10.00 13.23 12 Ziziphus nummularia 5.00 5.00 5.45
Species Richness = 12, Total Density = 215.00 Ind/ha, Shannon Wiener Index = 2.40
SN Herb, Grasses and Seedlings D (Ind/ha) F (%) IVI 1 Acacia nilotica 55.56 2.50 5.64 2 Calligonum polygonoides 138.89 7.50 15.46 3 Callotropis procera 416.67 17.50 40.98 4 Cenchrus biflorus 138.89 10.00 18.16 5 Cenchrus setigerus 194.44 7.50 18.40 6 Desmostachya bipinnata 277.78 7.50 22.81 7 Lasiurus scindicus 194.44 10.00 21.10 8 Leptadenia pyrotechnica 166.67 10.00 19.63 9 Paspalum distichum 55.56 5.00 8.35
10 Saccharum bengalense 111.11 7.50 13.99 11 Salvadora oleoides 138.89 7.50 15.46
Species Richness = 11, Total Density = 1888.89 Ind/ha, Shannon Wiener Index = 2.29
Agricultural Crops:
There are serious issues associated with agriculture sector of Rajasthan due to inherent scarcity of
water. Hardly, only 20% of the land is irrigated of the total cultivable land in this state. Rajasthan
farmers have to depend on different source of irrigation that include tube canals, wells and tanks
therefore the spectrum of crops is also not very wide.
With reference to the project area and within 10 km radius, Barley, Wheat, Gram, Pulses and
Mustard are the main Rabi crops which are sown in the months of October and November and are
harvested in the months of March and April. On the other hand, Bajra, Pulses, Jowar, Maize and
Ground Nuts are the main Kharif crops are grown during the months of June and July and harvested
during September and October.
Where the conditions allowed, farmers try to grow and maintain little gardens and orchards with
the fruit bearing species like Oranges, Guavas, Lemon, Pomegranates, Jackfruit (katahal) and
Mangoes. Common vegetables are also grown by the small land piece farmers along the water
canals only. Red chilies, cumin seeds, methi and are the famous herbal product of Rajasthan.
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3.12.6 Fauna of the study area:
The fauna of arid regions are also adapted to the harsh and dry conditions. Many of the wildlife
species from Rajasthan dessert are listed in the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act that needs
protection.
In the thar dessert of Rajasthan wildlife includes Chinkara (Gazella bennettii), Desert cat (Felis
silvestris) and various reptiles, birds and butterflies are found. There are found migratory as well as
resident birds in the Thar region. The critically endangered Great Indian bustard (Ardeotis
nigriceps). Many varieties of vulture, eagle, and flacon are found hovering in the vast sky of the
vast desert.
Other common birds are Rufous-Tailed Lark (Ammoman phoenicurus) is an endemic lark, the
Trumpeter Finch (Bucanetesgith agineus) and Greater Hoopoe-Lark (Alaemona laudipes) that
often travel up to Pakistan. Cream-Coloured Courser (Cursorius cursor) has same color as the
sandy landscape and hard to see.
A list of common wild fauna reported in the study area has been given in the table, with their
common name and conservation status are given from table 3-23 to table 3-26.
Table 3-23: Mammals species reported from the Project Area
SN Species Common Name WPA Status IUCN
1 Canis aureus Jackal Sch II LC
2 Caracal caracal Caracal Sch I LC
3 Felis chaus Jungle Cat Sch II LC
4 Felis silvestris Desert Cat Sch I
5 Funambulus palmarum Palm Stripped Squirrel - -
6 Gazella bennettii Chinkara Sch I LC
7 Hyaena hyaena Striped Hyaena Sch III NT
8 Herpestes edwards Indian-Grey Mongoose Sch II LC
9 Lepus nigricollis Black-Naped Hare Sch IV LC
10 Manis crassicaudata Indian Pangolin Sch I EN
11 Mellivora capensis Ratel/ Honey Badger Sch I LC
12 Meriones hurrianae Indian- Desert Gerbil Sch IV LC
13 Paraechinus micropus Indian Hedgehog Sch IV LC
14 Presbytis entellus Grey Langurs - -
15 Rattus rattus Black Rat - LC
Abbreviation: LC= Least Concerned, CR= Critically Endangered, VU= Vulnerable, DD= Data Deficient, NT= Near Threatened, EN= Endangered
Table 3-24: Reptile species of the Project Area SN Species Common Name WPA Status IUCN
1 Naja oxiana Central Asian Cobra Sch II DD
2 Ptyas mucosus Rat Snake Sch II -
3 Uromastix hardwicki Spiny Tailed lizard Sch II -
4 Varanus bengalensis Monitor Lizard (Goh/ Goyra) Sch I -
5 Varanus griseus Desert Monitor Sch I DD
Abbreviation: LC= Least Concerned, CR= Critically Endangered, VU= Vulnerable, DD= Data Deficient, NT= Near Threatened, EN= Endangered
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Table 3-25: Avian species of the Project Area
SN Species Common Name WPA
Status IUCN
1 Alaemonal audipes Greater Hoopoe-Lark - LC
2 Ammoman phoenicurus Rufous-Tailed Lark - LC
3 Aquila clanga Spotted Eagles - VU
4 Aquila heliaca Imperial Eagle - VU
5 Ardeotis nigriceps Great Indian Bustard Sch I CR
6 Bucanetes githagineus Trumpeter Finch - LC
7 Circaetus gallicus Short-Toed - LC
8 Cursorius cursor Cream-Coloured Courser - LC
9 Falco jugger Laggar Falcon - NT
10 Galloperdix lunulata Painted Spurfowl - LC
11 Gallus sonneratii Grey Jungle Fowl - LC
12 Grus grus Common Crane - LC
13 Grus virgo Demoiselle Crane - LC
14 Gyps indicus Indian Vulture - CR
15 Leptocoma zeylonica Indian Purple Sunbird - LC
16 Lonchura malacea Black Headed Munia - LC
17 Pavo cristatus Indian Peafowl Sch I LC
18 Pterocles exustus Chestnut-Bellied Sand
Grouses - LC
19 Sarcogyps calvus Red- Headed Vulture - CR
20 Saxicola macrorhyncha Stoliczka's Bushchat Sch II VU
Abbreviation: LC= Least Concerned, CR= Critically Endangered, VU= Vulnerable, DD= Data Deficient, NT= Near Threatened, EN= Endangered
Table 3-26: Butterfly species of the Project Area
SN Species Common Name Family WPA Status IUCN
1 Colitis etrade LittleOrange Tip Pieridae - -
2 Colotis danae Indian Crimson Tip Pieridae - -
3 Ixias marianne White Orange Tip Pieridae - -
4 Juninia almanac Peacock Pansy Nymphalidae - -
5 Junonia atlites Grey Pansey Nymphalidae - -
6 Neptis hylas Common Sailor Nymphalidae Sch IV -
7 Precis lemonias Lemon Pansy Nymphalidae - -
8 Pachliopta aristolochiae Common Rose Papilionidae - -
Abbreviation: LC= Least Concerned, CR= Critically Endangered, VU= Vulnerable,
DD= Data Deficient, NT= Near Threatened, EN= Endangered
3.12.7 Aquatic Environment
The study area has low availability of water in every form of water resources i.e. ground, surface,
rain and reservoir. Therefore, there is no significant aquatic life is observed in the study area except
very common algae and minor presence of the planktons just at the moist part of the canals, water
leakages and ponds at very random and rare points.
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Photographs of flora species present in 10Km radius are as follows:-
Glimpse of Landscape
Prosopis cineraria(T) Glimpse of Landscape
Acacia nilotica(T) Ziziphus mauritiana(S)
Ziziphus nummularia(S) Lasiurus scindicus(G)
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Cenchrus sp Lasiurus sp
Calotropis gigantean Argemone mexicana(H)
Dalbergia sissoo(T) Cucumis melo(C)
3.13 SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
3.13.1 Introduction
Socio-Economic Impact Assessment (SEIA) refers to systematic analysis of various social and
economic characteristics of human being living in a given geographical area. The geographical area
is often called Study Area or Impact Area. It is carried out simultaneously with Environment Impact
Assessment (EIA). The prime objective of SEIA is to identify and evaluate potential socio-economic
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and cultural impacts of a proposed development project on the lives & conditions of people, their
families and communities. If the potential impacts are significant and adverse, SEIA assist the
developers and other stakeholders to reduce, remove or prevent these impacts from happening.
SEIA is a multidisciplinary, using theories and methods from Sociology, Statistics, Economics,
History, Psychology, Geography and Anthropology. It is pre-requisite before the project is put into
implementation. The study area consists of the core area where, the proposed project is expected to
come up and a buffer area encircling the project area with a radius of prescribed kilometers from
the periphery of the core area. For every new project Socio-Economic Impact Assessment is
mandatory. It is also mandatory for existing projects in case of expansion, modernization and
change in product mix. The Socio-Economic Impact Assessment focuses the effect of the project on
social and economic well-being of the community. Under the SEIA, it is examined how a
development project changes the lives of local residents. The outcome of the study relies on both
quantitative and qualitative measure of impacts. The impacts are evaluated in terms of changes in
community demographics, housing, employment, market effects, public services, retail business,
quality of life and artistic qualities of the community. Further, assessing proposed developments in
socio-economic context help the community leaders and local people identify potential social equity
issues, evaluate the adequacy of social services and determine whether the project has adverse
effects on overall social well-being or not.
SEIA also provides a forum for planning how to maximize the beneficial impacts of a proposed
development. Beneficial impacts can include:
a) A better standard of living due to increased access to employment, business opportunities,
training and education
b) Greater access to and from a community and
c) Increased funding to improve social infrastructure and cultural maintenance programs
3.13.2 Objectives of the Study
The objectives of Socio-Economic Impact Assessment of the project are as follows:
a) To collect baseline data of the study area
b) To comprehend socio-economic status of the people living in the study area
c) To assess probable impact of the project on social and economic aspects in the study area
d) To measure the impact of the project on quality of life of the people living in the study area
e) To ensure sustainability of positive impact
f) To suggest mitigation measures and agency responsible for taking action in case of adverse
impact
3.13.3 Steps taken to prepare the SEIA Report
Literature Review
Identification of the study area and important landmarks therein
Preparation of list of habitations located in the study area
Site visit to collect the facts through observations
Firming up of approach and methodology
Finalization of Questionnaires–Village/Town and Household Questionnaire
Collection of Secondary Data from Census Report, District profile, published and un-published
Literatures, Administrative records etc
Collection of primary data from sample villages and households therein
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Manual scrutiny of field in schedules, the manual scrutiny aimed at removal of duplicate
records, missing records, alien records and consistency checks.
Data Entry and Data Validation
Generation of Tables
Data Analysis and preparation of report
3.13.4 Concept & Definition of terms used in the SEIA Report
Study Area: The study area, also known as Impact Area has been defined as the sum total of core
and buffer area with a radius of 10 km from the periphery of the project site. The study area
includes all the land marks both natural and manmade, falling therein.
Quality of Life: The Quality of Life refers to degree to which a person enjoys the important
possibilities of his/her life. The ‘Possibilities’ result from the opportunities and limitations, each
person has in his/her life and reflect the interaction of personal and environmental factors.
Enjoyment has two components:
a) The experience of satisfaction and
b) The possession or achievement of some characteristic
Baseline Data: Baseline data refers to basic information collected before a project/scheme is
implemented. It is used later to provide a comparison for assessing impact of the project. Any
attempt to collect baseline data while undertaking actual impact assessment study is faced with
recall error.
Household: A group of persons who normally live together and take their meals from a common
kitchen are called a household. Persons living in a household may be related or unrelated or a mix of
both. However, if a group of related or unrelated persons live in a house but do not take their meals
from the common kitchen, then they are not part of a common household. Each such person is
treated as a separate household. There may be one member households, two member households
or multi-member households.
Literature Review
Identification of the study area and
important landmarks therein
Preparation of list of habitations located
in the study area
Site visit to collect the facts through
observations
Firming up of approach and methodology
Finalization of Village/Town and
Household Questionnaire
Collection of Secondary Data
Collection of primary data from
sample villages and households therein
Manual scrutiny of field in schedules
Data Entry and Data Validation
Generation of Tables
Data Analysis and preparation of
report
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Sex Ratio: Sex ratio is the ratio of females to males in a given population. It is expressed as 'number
of females per 1000 males'.
Literates: All persons aged seven years and above who can both read and write with understanding
in any language are taken as literate. It is not necessary for a person to have received any formal
education or passed any minimum educational standard for being treated as literate. People who
are blind but can read in Braille are also treated as literates.
Literacy Rate: Literacy rate of population is defined as the percentage of literates to the total
population aged seven years and above.
Labour Force: The labour force is the number of people employed and unemployed in a
geographical entity. The size of the labour force is the sum total of persons employed and
unemployed. An unemployed person is defined as a person not employed but actively seeking work.
Normally, the labour force of a country consists of everyone of working age (commencing from 16
years) and below retirement (65 years) that are participating workers, that is people actively
employed or seeking employment. People not counted under labour force are students, retired
persons, stay at home people, people in prisons, permanently disabled persons and discouraged
workers.
Work: Work is defined as participation in any economically productive activity with or without
compensation, wages or profit. Such participation may be physical and/or mental in nature. Work
involves not only actual work but also includes effective supervision and direction of work. The
work may be part time or full time or unpaid work in a farm, family enterprise or in any other
economic activity.
Worker: All persons engaged in 'work' are defined as workers. Persons who are engaged in
cultivation of land or milk production even solely for domestic consumption are also treated as
workers.
Main Workers: Those workers who had worked for the major part of the reference period (i.e. six
months or more in the case of a year) are termed as Main Workers.
Marginal Workers: Those workers who did not work for the major part of the reference period (i.e.
less than six months) are termed as Marginal Workers.
Work Participation Rate: The work participation rate is the ratio between the labour force and the
overall size of their cohort (national population of the same age range). In the present study the
work participation rate is defined as the percentage of total workers (main and marginal) to total
population.
Forest Area: This includes all land classified either as forest under any legal enactment, or
administered as forest, whether State-owned or private, and whether wooded or maintained as
potential forest land. The area of crops grow in the forest and grazing lands or areas open for
grazing within the forests remain included under the ‘Forest Area.
Area under Non-agricultural Uses: This includes all land occupied by buildings, roads and
railways or under water, e.g. rivers, canals and other land put to uses other than agriculture.
Barren/Un-culturable Land: This includes all land covered by mountains, deserts, etc. Land, which
cannot be brought under cultivation except at an exorbitant cost is classified as un-culturable
whether such land is in isolated blocks or within cultivated holdings.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Permanent Pasture and other Grazing Land: This includes all grazing land whether it is
permanent pasture/meadows or not. Village common grazing land is included under this category.
Land under Miscellaneous Tree Crops: All cultivable land which is not included in ‘Net Area
Sown’ but is put to some agricultural use such as land under censuring trees, thatching grasses,
bamboo bushes and other groves for fuel etc. which are not include under Orchards are classified
under this category.
Culturable Waste Land: Land available for cultivation, whether taken up or not taken up for
cultivation once, but not cultivated during the last five years or more in succession including the
current year for some reason or the other.
Fallow Lands (Other than Current Fallows): All land which was taken up for cultivation but is
temporarily out of cultivation for a period of not less than one year and not more than five years.
Current Fallows: Cropped area which is kept fallow during the current year.
Net Area Sown: The total area sown with crops and orchards. Area ‘sown’ more than once in the
same year is counted only once.
Area sown more than once: The areas on which crops are cultivated more than once during the
agricultural year. This is obtained by deducting Net Area Sown from Gross Cropped Area.
Gross Cropped Area: The total area sown once and/or more than once in a particular year, i.e., the
area is counted as many times as there are sowings in a year. This total area is also known as total
cropped area or total area sown.
3.13.5 Methodology
For Socioeconomic Impact Assessment of the proposed project we recourse to systematic analysis
of various socioeconomic characteristics, both in terms of quality and quantity. Accordingly, both
qualitative and quantitative data was collected through various sources from villages and urban
areas falling within the study area.
For collection of information, we approached the Census of India for published data/information,
visited state and district portal and referred to administrative records of the state and district
administration. The qualitative data deals with description; they can be observed but not measured.
Hence, codes were extensively used during collection of qualitative data. They were decoded after
data processing to facilitate data analysis and report writing.
Bikaner is a city in the northwest of the state of Rajasthan, India. It is located 330 kilometers
northwest of the state capital, Jaipur. Bikaner city is the administrative headquarters of Bikaner
District and Bikaner division. Formerly the capital of the princely state of Bikaner, the city was
founded by Rao Bika in 1488 and from its small origins it has developed into the fourth largest city
in Rajasthan. The Ganges Canal, completed in 1928, and the Indira Gandhi Canal, completed in 1987,
facilitated its development. The city celebrates its foundation day on Akshaya Tritiya by flying kites
and eating special Rajasthani food that includes Bajre Ka Khichda and Imli ka Paani (Tamarind
Water) among other snacks. The celebration lasts for two days, known as Chhoti Akha Teejand Badi
Akha Teej. People can be seen flying kites during these two days right from the early morning at 5-
6am till late sunset.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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As per 2011 Census of India the population of Bikaner city was 644,406 placing it in the top
70 major cities of India and 5th in Rajasthan. The female to male ratio in the city was 904/1,000.
The literacy rate in the city was about 79%, male literacy being 87% and female literacy being 71%.
3.13.6 Study Area
The area of the 10 km. radius from the project site is considered as the 250.53Ha. Gypsum mine. The
Rural/Urban-Town-CT part of villages located Bikaner District. A study was undertaken with
respect to demography, occupational pattern, literacy rate and other important socio-economic
indicators of villages likely to be affected by the project within 10 km.
Table 3-27: List of Rural/Urban areas in the study area
Villages/Towns falling in the Study Area
District: Bikaner
S. No. Name of Villages/Towns
01 Nalbari
02 Gol Pratapsingh
03 Badrasar
04 Mehrasar
05 Kawni
3.13.7 Baseline Data
The baseline data with respect to population and amenities available in the study area has
been worked out as under:
Table 3-28: Demographic particulars/population details of the study area
S. No. Description Number Percentage to
Respective Total
1 Total Population 14946 100.0
Male 8212 54.94
Female 6734 45.06
Sex Ratio 820
2 Population (0-6 age group) 2488 100.0
Male 1302 52.33
Female 1186 47.67
Sex Ratio 911
3 Population- Scheduled Caste 4558 100.0
Male 2417 53.03
Female 2141 46.97
Sex Ratio 886
4 Population- Scheduled Tribe 49 100.0
Male 29 59.18
Female 20 40.82
Sex Ratio 690
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Source: Census 2011
5 Population- General (including OBC) 10339 100.0
Male 5766 55.77
Female 4573 44.23
Sex Ratio 793
6 Total No. of Households 2712
Average Household Size 6
7 Total Literates 7866 100.0
Male 5014 63.74
Female 2852 36.26
Overall Literacy Rate 63.14
Male 72.56
Female 51.41
Gender Gap in Literacy Rate 21.15
8 Total Workers 6044 100.0
Male 4551 75.30
Female 1493 24.70
Gender Gap in Work Participation Rate 50.60
9 Main Workers 5574 100.0
Male 4438 79.62
Female 1136 20.38
Gender Gap in Work Participation Rate 59.24
10 Marginal Workers 470 100.0
Male 113 24.04
Female 357 75.96
Gender Gap in Work Participation Rate 51.92
11 Household Industrial Workers 111 100.0
Male 67 60.36
Female 44 39.64
12 Total Agricultural Workers 481 100.0
Male 339 70.48
Female 142 29.52
13 Cultivators 2787 100.0
Male 1712 61.43
Female 1075
13(a) Agricultural Labour 394 100.0
Male 322 81.73
Female 72 18.27
14 ‘Other Workers’ 2665 100.0
Male 2433 91.29
Female 232 8.71
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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3.13.8 Population Composition
According to Census 2011, total population of the study area has been worked out to 14946. The
gender wise distribution of the above population is 8212 (54.94 per cent) male and 6734(45.06 per
cent) female. The overall sex ratio in the study area has been worked out to 820 females per 1,000
males.
Child Population Distribution
In the study area, the total child population of age group of 0-6 age group has been worked out to
2488 which constitute 16.65 per cent of the total population. Of the total child population, 52.33 per
cent are boys and remaining 47.67 per cent are girl child. The sex ratio of population in the age
group (0-6) is 911 girls per 1,000 boys.
Social Group Population Distribution
In the study area, Scheduled Caste population is 4558 which are 30.50 per cent of the total
population of the study area. Of this, 53.03 per cent is male and remaining 46.97 per cent is female.
The sex ratio among Scheduled Caste population has been worked out to 886 females per 1,000
males.
Further, the Scheduled Tribe population in the study area is 49 which represent only 0.33 per cent
of the total population. Of the total Scheduled Tribe population, 59.18 per cent is male and 40.82 per
cent is female. The sex ratio among the Scheduled Tribe population has been worked out to 690
females per 1,000 males.
Furthermore, the population of ‘General Category’ including ‘Other Backward Caste (OBC)’ has been
worked out to 10339 which comprises about 69.18 per cent of total population of the study area. Of
this, 55.77 per is male and remaining 44.23 per cent is female. Among the population of General
Category (including OBC), the sex ratio has been worked out to 793 females per 1,000 males.
14946
8212 6734
Total Population
Male Female
Population Distribution
Male54.94%
Female45.06 %
Population Share
2488
1302 1186
Total Child Population
Male Child Girl Child
Distribution of Child Population
Male Child
52.33%
Girl Child
47.67%
Share of Child Population
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Household and Household Size
The entire population of the study area is distributed into approx. 2712households and the average
household size is Six.
Literates, Literacy Rate and Gender Gap in Literacy Rate
In the study area, 52.63 per cent of the population is literate. The gender wise distribution of
literates is male 63.74 per cent and female 36.26 per cent. The overall literacy rate in the study area
has been worked out to 63.14 per cent. The male literacy rate is 72.56 per cent and female literacy
rate is 51.41 per cent, creating a gender gap in literacy rate of 21.15 per cent.
Distribution of Literacy Rate
Description Literacy Rate (%)
Overall Literacy
Rate
63.14
Male Literacy Rate 72.56
Female Literacy
Rate
51.41
Gender Gap (%) 21.15
Workers and Work Participation Rate
Based on Census 2011, the total number of workers in the study area has been worked out to 6044
which is 40.44 per cent of the total population. Of the total workers, 75.30 per cent are males and
the remaining 24.70 per cent are females. In absolute term, the total number of male workers is
4551 and that of female is 1493. The gender gap in work participation rate is 50.60 per cent.
General Category (including 'OBC') Population
10339 (69.18 % of the TOTAL Population)
Male- 5766 (55.77 %) Female- 4573 (44.23%) Sex Ratio- 793
Scheduled Tribe Population
49(0.33% of the TOTAL Population)
Male- 29 (59.18%) Female- 20 (40.82 %) Sex Ratio- 690
Scheduled Caste Population
4558 (30.50% of the TOTAL Population)
Male- 2417 (53.03 %) Female- 2141 (46.97%) Sex Ratio- 886
14946
7866
5014 2852
Total Population
Total Literates Male Literates Female Literates
Distribution of Literate Population
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Further, of the total workers 92.22 per cent are main workers and the remaining 7.78per cent are
marginal workers. Of the total main workers, 79.62 per cent are male and the remaining 20.38 per
cent are female. In case of marginal workers, 24.04 per cent are male and 75.96 per cent are female.
The workers are further divided into Agricultural Workers, Household Industrial Workers and
‘Other Workers’. Their shares in the total workers are 7.96 per cent, 1.84 per cent and 44.09 per
cent respectively. Of the people working in agricultural sector, 46.11 per cent are Cultivators who
possess cultivable land and the remaining 6.52 per cent are Agricultural Labour, who does not
possess land but work in the land owned by big farmers as wage earners or share cropper.
II. BASIC AMENITIES:
Table 3-29: Basic Amenities Available in the Study Area
EDUCATION
Educational Institutions Type of Institutes Number
Primary School (Govt. & Pvt.) 8
Middle School (Govt. & Pvt.) 4
Secondary School (Govt. & Pvt.) 2
Senior Secondary School (Govt. & Pvt.) 1
HEALTH
Health Facilities Type of Facilities Number
Family Welfare Centre 1
Maternity & Child Welfare Centre 1
Primary Health Sub-Centre 1
14946
6044 8902
Total Population Workers Non-workers
Workers Vs Non-workers
Workers40.44%
Non-workers59.56%
Share of Workers and Non-workers
Main Workers92.22 %
Marginal Workers7.78 %
Share of Workers
5574
4438
1136470 113 357
Distribution of Workers
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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WATER
Drinking Water Means of Drinking Water No. of Habitations where the
facility available
Tap 1
Tank 1
Well (Covered) 2
River/Canal 1
ELECTRICITY
Electricity Supply Power for Domestic Uses 2
ROAD
Approach Road Black Topped
(Paved/Pucca) Road
1
Gravel (Mud/Kachcha) Road 2
TRANSPORTATION
Road Transportation Bus Services 1
Source: Census 2011
Other Amenities available: Public Distribution System (PDS) Shops, Anganwadi, ASHA,
Agricultural Marketing Society, Post Offices, Self-Help Group (SHG),
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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CHAPTER-4 : ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND
ITS MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 INTRODUCTION
The environmental parameters likely to be affected by mining are related to many factors, i.e.
physical, social, economic, agriculture and aesthetic. The excavated mineral will be transported via
trucks to outsiders. The operations may disturb environment of the area in various ways, such as
removal of the mass, change of landscape, flora and fauna of the area, surface drainage, and change
in air, water, noise and soil quality. While for the purpose of development and economic up-liftment
of people, there is a need for establishment of mining industries but these should be
environmentally friendly. Therefore, it is essential to assess the impacts of mining on different
environmental parameters before starting the mining operations, so that abatement measures
could be planned in advance for eco-friendly mining in the area.
4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
The environment and development should be considered as mutually complementary,
interdependent, and an instrument of reinforcing the quality of life. Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) is the important aspect of overall environmental management strategy and an
important tool for sustainable development. It identifies major impacts of mining and associated
activities on the environment and provides guideline to prepare the necessary control measure
termed as Environmental Management Plan (EMP).
Alteration or modification of the above attributes may cause hazardous impact on ecological
equilibrium of the site. Besides this there will be some other reasons which will affect the
environment viz. traffic network route, and other vehicular movements, impacts on flora and fauna
of that area, surface drainage, and change in air, water and soil quality. The increasing awareness
among the people about ecological imbalance and environmental degradation has raised many
apprehensions. The impact assessment matrix is given below:-
Physical Environment Biological Environment Socio-Economic Environment
Ae
sth
eti
cs &
Vis
ua
l im
pa
cts
Air
Qu
ali
ty
No
ise
Qu
ali
ty
So
il Q
ua
lity
Lo
cal
Dra
ina
ge
&
Ph
ysi
og
rap
hy
Su
rfa
ce w
ate
r q
ua
lity
Gro
un
d w
ate
r q
ua
lity
Na
tura
l R
eso
urc
es
viz
. cl
ea
ran
ce o
f v
eg
eta
tio
n
En
da
ng
ere
d F
lora
&
Fa
un
a
Aq
ua
tic
Ha
bit
ata
nd
re
sou
rce
s
Ag
ricu
ltu
re
Do
me
stic
ate
d A
nim
als
Infl
ux
of
Po
pu
lati
on
Co
mm
on
Pro
pe
rty
&
Cu
ltu
ral
Re
sou
rce
s
Job
& E
con
om
ic
Op
po
rtu
nit
y
Cu
ltu
ral
& B
eh
av
iora
l
Co
nfl
ict
La
nd
& I
nfr
ast
ruct
ure
Use
Co
mm
un
ity
Sa
fety
Occ
up
ati
on
al
He
alt
h
Ha
zard
s
Operation Phase
Site
prepara
tion
L L L L L
M
L M
Operati
on of
machine
ries
L L L
M
M L
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Excavati
on
oflimest
one
L L
M
L
Transpo
rtation
L L
M
L
Surface
run-off
dischar
ge
L L
Disposal
of
domesti
c solid
waste
L L L
Handlin
g of
overbur
den
L
L
L L
Reclam
ation
and
Rehabili
tation
M
M
The impacts on different environmental parameters due to this mining project are discussed below.
4.2.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE
This is a Gypsum mining project. There will be no impacts as no construction stage is envisaged in
this project.
4.2.2 OPERATION PHASE
Some of the impacts identified in various phases of the operation are insignificant and do not
warrant much attention, whereas some others are important especially with respect to the present
context.
Therefore, objective is to identify those impacts, which are significant and require a detailed
analysis for decision making or formulating adequate management measures. This section deals
with an assessment of the impact of various mining activities on the existing environmental
conditions. The methodology of assessment is based upon identification and description of the
existing project activities as well as environmental components followed by evaluating the impact
of mining and associated activities on the environment. The environmental components that are
likely to be influenced or modified by the continuation of project activities are:
Air Environment,
Noise and Vibration Environment,
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Water Environment,
Land use
Soil Environment
Hydrology
Geology
Biological Environment,
Socioeconomic status of the area,
Solid Waste/overburden
4.2.3 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
The air pollution is in the form of dust, fumes and gases generated by mining machineries and
during different mining operations. The dust once allowed to go into the atmosphere cannot be
controlled hence it’s desirable not to allow them to be formed and Suppressed at the generating
source.
4.3 AIR QUALITY MODELING
4.3.1 ISCST3 Dispersion Model
The Industrial Source Complex (ISC) Short Term model provides options to model emissions from a
wide range of sources that might be present at a typical industrial source complex. ISCST3 is US-
EPA approved model to predict the air quality. The model uses urban dispersion and regulatory
defaults options as per guidelines on air quality models (PROBES/70/1997-1998).
4.3.2 Model Setup
Emission of PM10
The major sources of PM10 emission in case of Gypsum mining project are the loading activity at
mine site (loading of material over trucks / trucks by excavators) and the movement of vehicles on
unpaved haul roads. The emission rates for these sources are given in the latest USEPA’s AP-42
guidelines.
Loading of Material
The Gypsum will be loaded on dumpers using excavators. The PM10 emission rate due to loading
activity is calculated using below equation.
𝐸 = 𝑘 𝑋 0.0016 𝑋 𝑈
2.2
1.3
𝑀
2
1.4 --- AP42 (Nov 2006)
Where,
E = Emission Factor, kg/ton
k = Particle size multiplier, 0.35 for PM10
M = Moisture Content, % and u = Mean wind speed, m/s
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Emission of PM10 due to Transportation
The hauling of mineral from the mine lease area to the end users via haul road (unpaved road) will
cause emission of particulate matters. The following empirical expressions is used to estimate the
quantity in pounds (lb) of size-specific particulate emissions from an unpaved road in industrial
sites, per vehicle mile traveled (VMT)
𝐸 = 𝑘 𝑠
12 𝑎 𝑊
3 𝑏
+ 𝐶 --- AP42 (Nov 2006)
Where
k, a, b are empirical constants i.e. different for different particle size.
E = size-specific emission factor (lb/VMT)
s = surface material silt content (%)
W = mean vehicle weight (tons)
C = emission factor for 1980's vehicle fleet exhaust, brake wear and tire wear, 0.0047
lb/VMT for PM10. The source characteristics s and W are referred to as correction
parameters for adjusting the emission estimates to local conditions.
Emission of CO from Vehicles
The mineral will be transported outside the mining area for end use. In order to estimate the
emission of CO from these vehicles exhaust ARAI-2007 emission factors were used in model. The
ARAI emission factors for CO emitting from heavy vehicles (diesel) is 3.92 gm/km or 6.32 g/mile.
Summary of calculating Emission Rates.
Table 4-1: Emissions Rates
Emission Rate Kg/ton g/s
PM10 Loading of
Material k x 0.0016 x ((U/2.2)^1.3/(M/2)^1.4) Kg/ton 0.000126 0.008693142
PM2.5 Loading of
Material k x 0.0016 x ((U/2.2)^1.3/(M/2)^1.4) Kg/ton 0.000002 0.000143253
Emission Rate g/s
PM10-Transportation
on Haul Road (kx(s/12)^0.9)x((W/3)^0.45))lb/VMT 7.577256101
PM2.5-Transportation
on Haul Road (kx(s/12)^0.9)x((W/3)^0.45))lb/VMT 0.757736571
4.3.3 Meteorological Data
The meteorology of the project area plays very important role in dispersion of pollutants and
buildup of pollution within the atmosphere. In the present study, one season (December 2018 –
February 2019) meteorological data has been taken to find the dispersion of pollutant
concentration. The mixing height for study period, which is an important parameter to express the
dispersive potential of atmosphere, has been taken from the atlas of hourly mixing height and
assimilative capacity of atmosphere in India. Wind Rose diagram of one season meteorological data
used for modelling is shown in Chapter-3.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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4.3.4 Modeling Methodology
ISCST3 Model
The AERMODE model was used to predict the GLC of PM10 due to loading activity at mine site.
Excavators will be used to load total 50000 TPA of Gypsum on dumpers for further transportation
to end users. Point source resembling loading activity at mine site and having equivalent emission
rates were setup in mining lease to predict the maximum incremental concentration of PM10 at
baseline monitoring location (as shown in Chapter-3, Figure-3). The predicted incremental
concentration PM10was added to baseline concentration to obtain the cumulative concentration
level at baseline stations.
Results
The maximum incremental concentration of PM10 viz. 0.03338 µg/m3 was predicted at A1 location.
As the distance from source increases, the incremental concentration of PM10 drops drastically due
to settling of PM10 particles under gravity.
The predicted maximum cumulative GLC of PM10was found to be 82.03338 µg/m3 at A1location;
which is slight lower than the permissible NAAQ standard for PM10 concentration (100µg/m3).
Table 4-2: Predicted GLC of PM10 at Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations
Location
Code Location Name
Max Baseline
Conc. (µg/m3)
Predicted GLC (µg/m3)
– ISCST3 Model PM10
Cumulative GLC
(µg/m3)
AQ1 Mine Site 82.00 0.03338 82.03338
AQ2 Kawni 80.00 0.01883 80.01883
AQ3 Mehrasar 74.00 0.01826 74.01826
AQ4 Sharah Borla 72.00 0.01625 72.01625
AQ5 Gol Pratap singh 72.00 0.01615 72.01615
AQ6 Sharah Ratani
Vyas 68.00
0.01341 68.01341
AQ7 Sharah Sutharan
Makrah 67.00
0.01315 67.01315
AQ8 Sharah Sutharan
Gopala 66.00
0.01276 66.01276
4.3.5 Results for PM 2.5
The maximum incremental concentration of PM 2.5 (0.03410µg/m3) was predicted at location A1.
These locations are generally away from sensitive receptors (settlements etc.). As the distance from
source increases, the incremental concentration of PM2.5 drops drastically due to settling of PM10
particles under gravity.
The predicted maximum cumulative GLC of PM 2.5 was found to be 48.03410 µg/m3 at A1 (Ambient
Air Quality Monitoring Station–1); which is slight lower than the permissible NAAQ standard for
PM10 concentration (60µg/m3). The predicted 24 hours ground level concentrations at baseline air
quality monitoring locations are presented in table 4.3 below.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 80
Table 4-3: Predicted GLC of PM2.5 at Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations
Location
Code Location Name Max Baseline
Conc. (µg/m3) Predicted GLC
(µg/m3) – ISCST3
Model PM2.5
Cumulative GLC
(µg/m3)
AQ1 Mine Site 48.00 0.03410 48.03410
AQ2 Kawni 46.00 0.02162 46.02162
AQ3 Mehrasar 44.40 0.02117 44.02117
AQ4 Sharah Borla 43.20 0.01933 43.21933
AQ5 Gol Pratap singh 42.00 0.01702 42.01702
AQ6 Sharah Ratani Vyas 40.00 0.01446 40.01446
AQ7 Sharah Sutharan
Makrah 38.00
0.01438 38.01438
AQ8 Sharah Sutharan
Gopala 39.00
0.01404 39.01404
4.3.6 Conclusion
From the results of AERMODE view (Version 8.8.9) model, it is concluded that the maximum
cumulative concentrations of PM10is due to mining activities and transportation which are
expected to be within the prescribed standards for PM10. It is to be noted that the predicted
concentrations from both mining activities and transportation are insignificant.
The maximum impact of incremental concentration of PM10 due to loading activity at mine
site is confined to limited distance (300m) only. Beyond 300m distance the concentration of
PM10 due to mining activities is expected to be lower due to settlement of PM10 particles over
short distances.
The incremental concentration due to transportation is limited to the length of unpaved
haul road from the mining lease area until nearest paved roads.
The concentration of CO due to vehicle exhaust is negligible due to overall size of project.
The concentrations of SOx and NOx generated from mining area are expected to be low due
to absence of any major source.
The overall impact on air quality due to proposed mining project is expected to be low
pertaining to small scale of mining activity and in proximity of unpaved haul roads only.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 81
Figure 4-1: Spatial distribution of predicted GLCs of PM10 due to Mining
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 82
Figure 4-2: Spatial distribution of predicted GLCs of PM 2.5 due to Mining
4.3.7 Mitigation Measures
The proposed mining operations are not anticipated to raise the concentration of the pollutants
beyond prescribed limits. However, the following measures are suggested mitigate any harmful
impacts of pollutants -
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 83
Plantation of trees along haul roads to help to reduce the impact of dust in the nearby
villages.
Planning transportation routes of mined material so as to reach the nearest paved roads by
shortest route. (minimize transportation over unpaved road).
Dust mask shall be provided to the workers engaged at dust generation points like
excavations and loading points.
Covering of material during transportation on dumpers to prevent spillage of mineral from
the dumpers. The dumpers shall be covered by tarpaulin. Overloading shall be avoided.
Regular water sprinkling on unpaved roads to avoid dust generation during transportation;
Transportation of material shall be carried out during day time only.
The speed of dumpers plying on the haul road shall be limited to avoid generation of dust.
Haul road shall be covered with gravels.
4.4 IMPACTS OF AIR POLLUTION AND MITIGATION MEASURES
Attributes Impact Mitigation Measure Budget
Human A predicted cumulative GLC
of PM10 was 82.03338µg/m3
at A1(Ambient Air Quality
Monitoring Station) against
the threshold limit of 100
µg/m3 which can cause
adverse effect on human
health of neighboring
villagers and predicted
cumulative GLC of PM2.5 was
48.03410µg/m3 at
A1(Ambient Air Quality
Monitoring Station) against
the threshold limit of 60
µg/m3.
Dust generation due to
loading and unloading of
mineral and due to
transportation can also
affect the workers as well as
nearby villagers.
17.15KLD water will be proposed
for sprinkling on unpaved roads
to avoid dust generation during
transportation.
Safety equipment for the mining
worker Dust mask will be
provided to the workers engaged
at dust generation points like
excavation and loading points.
Planning transportation routes of
Gypsum to reach the nearest
paved roads by shortest route
(minimize transportation over
unpaved road). The speed of
trucks plying on the haul road
will be limited to avoid
generation of dust and covering
of material during transportation
on trucks to prevent mineral leak
from the trucks. The trucks will
be covered by tarpaulin.
Overloading will be avoided.
It is proposed to plant total 5000
Nos. of local species till the end of
5th year within the safety area of
mine lease, along the haul roads
and community level and school
premises etc. to prevent the
impact of dust in the nearby
Rs. 1.50
Lakhs/Annum
under Dust
Suppression is
proposed.
Rs. 2.0 Lakhs for
OHS.
Animal Grassing land will be
reduced.
Rs. 1.50
Lakhs/Annum
under Dust
Suppression is
proposed.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 84
Plant Stomatal index may be
minimized due to dust
deposit on leaf.
village. Rs. 3.37 Lakhs/ Yr
(Plantation budget
as explained in
Chapter-10)
Crops Crop yield will be reduced.
Infrastructure There is no major impact on
infrastructure due this
mining operation.
-
4.4.1 Conclusion
In this mining project the only source of emission of air pollution is excavation, transportation,
loading, hauling operation and handling of Gypsum etc. The proposed mining operations are not
anticipated to raise the concentration of the pollutants beyond prescribed limits. However, the
measures are suggested to mitigate any harmful impacts of pollutants like plantation of trees along
haul roads, specially near settlements, to help to reduce the impact of dust on the nearby villages;
planning transportation routes of mined material so as to reach the nearest paved roads by shortest
route (minimize transportation over unpaved road); regular water sprinkling on unpaved roads to
avoid dust generation during transportation etc.
4.5 IMPACTS OF NOISE/VIBRATIONS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
4.5.1 Mathematical Noise Model
The resultant noise levels due to mining operations are calculated based on the
mathematical expression as below –
L2 = L1 – 20 log10 (R2/R1)
Where L1 dB(A) = Noise level at a distance R1(m)
L2 dB(A) = Noise level at a distance R2 (m)
L = 10 log10 (10L1/10+10L2/10+10L3/10+…………….+10Ln/10)
Where L1, L2 and Ln are noise level dB(A)
4.5.2 Noise Sources
The following sources of noise are expected to increase the noise levels in the mining zone as well
as in the surrounding areas:
Excavation
Loading / Unloading of Mineral
Vehicular Movement
Mitigation Measures
The following control measures should be adopted to keep the ambient noise levels well below the
limits.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 85
Proper maintenance, oiling and greasing of machines at regular intervals shall be done to
reduce generation of noise.
The diesel engines are properly maintained.
Provision of sound insulated chambers for the workers deployed on machines producing
higher levels of noise.
Proper designing of plant & machinery by providing inbuilt mechanism like silencers,
mufflers and enclosures for noise generating parts and shock absorbing pads at the
foundation of vibrating equipment.
Green Belt/Plantation shall be developed around the mining activity area and along haul
roads. The plantation minimizes propagation of noise.
Impact Mitigation Measure Budget
Noise from the machinery can
cause hypertension, high stress
level, hearing loss, sleep
disturbance etc due to prolonged
exposure.
The machinery will be maintained in good
running condition so that noise will be reduced
to minimum possible level.
Awareness will be imparted to the workers
about the permissible noise level and effect of
maximum exposure to those levels.
Personal protective equipment will provide to
prevent the noise exposure. Personal
Protective Equipment will be provided during
mining activity.
Rs. 2.0 lakhs
for OHS
No. of 18PCU/hr will increase in
the existing traffic due to this
mining activity hence vehicle
collation may occur unwanted
sound and can also cause impact
on human health.
In addition, truck drivers will be instructed to
make minimum use of horns in the village area
and sensitive zones.
It is proposed to plant 5000 numbers of native
species every year with consultation of Forest
department with some fruit bearing and
medicinal trees, along the haul roads, outer
periphery within the lease area to reduce the
impact of noise in the study area.
Rs. 3.37
Lakhs/ Yr for
plantation
4.5.3 Conclusion
In summary, it can be stated that the impact on the present noise levels due to mining operations
will be restricted to the work zone areas only. The impact on the ambient noise levels will not be felt
at the settlement areas due to masking effect with the existing noise levels. Hence, the noise levels
and vibration impact due to the proposed mining operations on community will be minimal.
4.6 IMPACTS OF WATER POLLUTION AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES
There is no major impact on water environment. Assessment of the adverse impact and indicate the
proposed mitigating steps which will reduce the likely adverse impact are as follow:
4.6.1 Impact on Surface Water and ground water Environment
Surface Water: There will be no impact of mining in the natural flow of water and the drainage
system in the area. The lessee will construct garland drain, retaining walls, setting tanks all
around the pits and dumps. The rain water shall be utilized by harvesting techniques.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 86
Ground Water: The water table in the area is 40-45m bgl (290-285 mRL). The mining activity
shall be reached up to 320 mRL at the end of fifth year. The ground water in the area is not likely
to be effected at all.
Contamination of flowing rain water: The ground water table of the project site ranges from 40-
50m bgl at the end of mining. The ultimate depth of mining will be 4.55m from the surface, hence
we do not intersect the water table during entire lease period at the site. The schematic diagram of
water table is given below.
Table 4-4: Impact on Water Regime and Its Significance
S. No. Particular Impact
1. Discharge of sewage from
mine site / offices etc.
The sewage discharge from mine will significant
impact on water quality. The Sewage will go to septic
tank.
2. Natural drain Impact on disturbance in natural drainage is
negligible.
3. Overburden quality and
characteristics of waste
Waste does not contain any toxic metal or acidic
material, and it is resalable.
4. Surface water source No surface water body exists in mining lease area.
Rain water harvesting pit will be construct to reduced
surface water flow
5. Ground water sources There will be no impact on ground water during the
mining activity.
Figure 4-3:Site Specific Ground Water Table along with Schematic Diagram of Water Table
4.6.2 Mitigation Measures
Natural drainage system will be followed for rain water.
No waste water will be generated from the mine.
Artificial pits will be used for rainwater harvesting.
No toxic effluents will be generated.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 87
Regular monitoring of quality and quantity of ground water and surface water in the study
area are proposed to be done.
There is no surface water body and pond within the site.
Water conservation measure will be followed.
The mining pits will be properly benched; soil and waste dumps will be properly terraced
with inward slope retaining walls at the toe so that there is no land slide during the rains
and mixing of slits with flowing water thereof.
As the man power likely to be from nearby villages, therefore discharge of domestic waste
water will be limited can be easily controlled by septic tank.
4.6.3 Management of generated domestic Waste
The proposed man-power on the mine site is 31 and estimated Domestic Water Requirement 1.6
KLD out of which waste water generated is 1.12 KLD. Movable Toilets will be used for the purpose
of Sanitation. The treated water will be used in greenbelt development. A very small quantity of
waste will be derived & used as manure & green belt development within mine site.
The total water requirement will be 43.55KLD/day.
Generated waste water will be disposed off in septic tank/Movable Toilets. There are 2Nos. of septic
tank of capacity of 1KLD each.
Waste Water Generation : 1.12 KLD
Septic Tank Requirement : 2 Nos.
Figure 4-4: Model of septic tank for waste water treatment
Septic Tanks
A septic tank is a key component of a septic system, a small-scale sewage treatment system common
in areas that lack connection to main sewage pipes provided by local governments or private
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 88
corporations. Other components, generally controlled by local governments, may include pumps,
alarms, sand filters, and clarified liquid effluent disposal methods such as a septic drain field, ponds,
natural stone fiber filter plants or peat moss beds.
The project proponent has proposed 2 septic tanks of capacity1000 liters each.
The total retention time is 22 hours.
Description
A septic tank consists of three concrete tanks of between 400 and 1200 liters capacity. One end of
the first tank (anaerobic settling chamber) is connected to an inlet waste water pipe and the outlet
end of the tank is connected to aeration chamber. The relatively clear water passes to the
clarification tank from which the clear effluent is disposed to the septic drain field with the help of
an effluent pump.
Generally these pipe connections are made with a T pipe, allowing liquid to enter and exit without
disturbing any crust on the surface. The design of the tank usually incorporates three chambers;
each equipped with a manhole cover, and separated by a dividing wall with openings located about
midway between the floor and roof of the tank.
The retention time (RT) of the septic tank is usually 1 to 3 days. A longer retention time is chosen to
minimize cleaning frequency (running costs). A shorter retention time is chosen to minimize tank
size and initial cost. Larger tanks allow the sewage more time to digest and thus reduce the load on
the drainage system. Smaller tanks (< 6m3) need longer retention times due to increased turbulence
(i.e. 2 or 3 days.)
Settlement Chamber
Waste water enters the first chamber of the tank, allowing solids to settle and scum to float. The
time taken by the waste water is about 3 hrs after which the comparatively clear water (from the
settling zone) enters to the aeration chamber. The retention time for this stage is taken as 5hours.
Aeration Chamber
The settled solids are aerobically digested, reducing the volume of solids. The liquid component
flows through the dividing wall into the third chamber i.e. clarification chamber where further
settlement takes place. The retention time for this stage is taken as 7 hours.
Clarification Chamber
The excess liquid, now in a relatively clear condition, passes to the final pump chamber. The
retention time for this stage is taken as 10 hours.
Final Pump chamber
The liquid from the clarification Chamber, then drains from the outlet into the septic drain field,
with the help of an effluent pump. The disposable site is also referred to as a leach field, drain field
or seepage field, depending upon locality.
Conclusion
In this mining project in the entire lease period the ground water table will not be intersected hence
there will be no impact on the water environment.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 89
4.7 IMPACTS ON LAND USE AND MITIGATION MEASURES
The project area does not consist of any forest land. It does not consist of any human habitations.
Land use plan of the mining lease area during pre-operational, operational and post operational is
shown in the Chapter 2.
Impact Mitigation Measure Budget
The mining activity in
the mine site will be
converted into the
pit. which may cause
soil erosion, soil
degradation etc.
It is proposed to plant total of 5000 Nos. of native
species per year along the haul roads, and outside
the mining area which enhances the binding
property of the soil.
3.37 Lakhs/Yr
(Plantation budget
as explained in
Chapter-10)
Reclamation of land
affected by mining
activities during and
at the end of the
mining lease period.
It is proposed to improve the effected land wherever
possible for better land use, so as to support forestry
and creation of water reservoir, etc. Accordingly, the
land reclamation portion shall be done by planting
trees along the roads and outside the lease area.
__
4.7.1 Conclusion
The most of the land of this lease area is flat land to mild hillocks, the plantation scheme would help
in restoration of the excavated land and hence, there will be no impact on the land use. At the end of
the mining operations, a part of the mining lease area (excavated region) would be used as water
reservoir and backfilling and the surroundings would be fenced. The remaining area would be used
for afforestation after spreading top soil.
4.8 IMPACTS ON SOIL ENVIRONMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES
Impact Mitigation Measure Budget
Mining activity may
increase the soil erosion
and soil degradation
which have adverse
impact on soil fertility.
It is already proposed to plant 5000 Nos. of local
species per year with consultation of Forest
department with some fruit bearing and medicinal
trees, along the haul roads, outer periphery within the
mining area which enhances the binding property of
the soil to check the erosion.
17.15 KLD water will be proposed for sprinkling on
unpaved roads to avoid dust generation and soil
erosion.
3.37 Lakhs/Yr
Top soil extraction from
lease area may also
affect the soil fertility
and productivity.
Top soil will be removed in advance of the actual
mining and will be stacked in a temporary stack
yard.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 90
4.9 IMPACTS ON HYDROLOGY AND MITIGATION MEASURES
Impact Mitigation Measure Budget
The mining in the mine site
area may cause the ground
water contamination due to
intersection of the water
table.
The water table will not be intersected
during mining as depth of pit will be up to
165mRL at the end of 5th year as the water
table is 40-45 m bgl from the surface.
Proper analysis/Monitoring will be done to
check the ground and surface water quality.
-----
Change the topography will
divert the water flow.
There is no proposal of any stream
modification/diversion due to this mining
activity hence there will be no any impact on
flow of water.
4.9.1 Conclusion
The flow of surface/ground water (sub surface flow) is following the trend of topography, which is
in the North to South direction. There is no proposal of any stream modification/diversion. Hence,
there will be no any impact on hydrology of the study area.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 91
4.10 IMPACTS ON ECOLOGY & BIODIVERSITY AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES
Ecological Criteria
Identified Impacts
Ecological significance of
Impact
Magnitude Duration /Timing/
Frequency
Reversibility Mitigation Cumulative Impact
Zone of Influence
Project site habitat Due to Site clearance.
The proposed mining lease is located in village- Kaoni, Tehsil- Kolayat, District-Bikaner, Rajasthan. No site clearance is required.
Low impact - Reversible - No Cumulative impact
Zone of Influence
Ecological Impact Surrounding habitat due to fugitive emission.
Not much impact on the surrounding habitat is envisaged due to the transportation activity except some fugitive emission.
Temporary Impact
Only during the transportation activity.
Reversible The green belt/community forestry approach road will restrict the fugitive emission.
No cumulative impact
Accessibility Ecological Impact due to road construction
Haul Road construction between mine site to nearest approach road/highway.
No impact - - - No Impact
Zone of Influence
Ecological Impact on Surrounding/ Eco sensitive habitat due to waste water generated from the project activity.
During operation phase daily water requirement of the proposed mining activity will be 43.55 KLD out of which 1.4 KLD will be required for drinking which will be met through wells and tube wells. No waste water will be discharged in the nearby area.
No impact During operation Phase
No The waste water will be disposed off into septic tanks.
No impact
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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Zone of Influence
Ecological Impact on Surrounding/Eco sensitive habitat due to Noise generated from the project activity.
The Noise level during the operation phase is around 75dB. The impact on ambient noise level will be restricted only on the mine site. The ambient air quality of the surrounding villages may not have any significance increase due to the project activity.
Low impact on Flora and
fauna
During operation Phase
No As given in The EMP section.
No impact
Zone of Influence
Ecological Impact on Surrounding/Eco sensitive habitat due to Transportation
Transportation of Gypsum in the trucks/dumper will disturb the movement of Wild animals. Fugitive emission from vehicle movement will form a layer in leaves thus reducing the gaseous exchange process. This ultimately affects the growth of plants. Chances of vehicle collisions with wildlife attempting to cross roads are possible.
Moderate Impact
During operation Phase
No As given in EMP. Access roads will not encroach into the riparian zones. To the extent practicable, the right-of-way (ROW) to avoid residential areas and important wildlife habitat areas (e.g. rookeries, raptor nesting areas, and calving areas) will be provided.
Low Cumulative impact
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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4.10.1 Conclusion
9 scheduled-1 species has been found in the study area for which conservation plan has been
prepared and for that a budget of Rs. 10 Lakhs is proposed.
4.11 SOCIO ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE PROJECT
The socio-economic impacts of mining are many. Impacts of a mine project may be positive or
Negative. The adverse impacts attribute to physical displacement due to land acquisition, which is
followed by loss of livelihood, mental agony, changes in social structure, and risk to food security
etc. People are also directly affected due to pollution. Social Impact Assessment (SIA) is a process of
analysis, monitoring and managing the social consequences of a project. Study on Socio-economic
status has already been carried out using primary socio-economic survey for generating the
baseline data of Socio-economic status.
Anticipated Impact
From the primary Socio-economic survey & through secondary data available from established
literature and census data 2001 & 2011, it is found that there would be positive impact on Socio-
economic condition of the nearby area. There is no habitation in the mining lease area. Therefore,
neither villages nor any part of villages will be disturbed during the entire life of the mine. Mining in
this lease will give Around 31 persons will be deployed directly and100personsindirectlyinthe
project, priority will be given to the local people. Thus, limestone mining will create beneficial effect
on local people. With the operation of mining lease, various indirect employment opportunities will
also be generated. Several persons of the neighbouring villages have been benefited with contract
works, employment through contractors, running jeeps, trucks, tractors and buses on hire, running
canteens, different kinds of shops and transport related business avenues.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a Strategic Business Management concept through which a
company integrates social & environmental concerns in their business operations and can achieve a
balance of economic, environmental & social imperatives. Furthermore, at the same time attends to
the expectations of shareholders & stakeholders. Through it the company can make valuable
contribution to poverty reduction. The CSR refers to responsibility of a company to ensure positive
impact on environment, consumers, employees, communities, stakeholders and all other members
of public sphere. In India, it is comparatively a new but rising concept and the companies are going
through the learning curve. The CSR activities are increasingly being taken up by the project
proponents not only as fulfilling of mandatory provisions but also for formation and enhancement
of brand image. Besides all, CSR is seen more as a responsibility towards society rather than a
business philosophy. It is the need of the time for expansion of occupational welfare. Keeping in
mind these codes of belief, we have identified some activities, which may propose to undertake for
the benefits of the people living in the study area. This will not only improve the socio-economic
status of the people but also enhance the reputation of the project proponent among the
community. The following activities are proposed to be taken up for the benefits of the local
community:
1) Providing employment opportunities
2) Vocational training for skill development to the local youth
3) Educational scholarships and study materials to the meritorious students belonging to BPL
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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4) Providing drinking water facilities to nearby schools
5) Providing medical assistance/medicines to the local people
Table 4-5:IMPACTS ON SOCIO ECONOMY AND MITIGATION MEASURES
Impact Mitigation Measure Budget
Mining activity will committed to
generate direct employment by
recruiting 31 people which will
be employed locally and
preference will be given to local
people.
Positive Impact
Rs. 1.50 lakhs/Yr
(Dust Suppression) Productivity of crops will be
deteriorated affecting the
agriculture based livelihood due
to the pollution arising out of the
mines, if proper mitigation
measures are not implemented
17.15 KLD water will be proposed
for dust suppression at mine site
and haul road (Motorable
Connecting road) by sprinklers to
avoid dust generation during mining
activity and transportation.
Mining generates extra vehicle
traffic, which negatively impairs
the environment and also the
local environment may be
impacted.
It is proposed to plant total of 5000
Nos. of local tree species per year
with consultation of Forest
department with some fruit bearing
and medicinal trees, along the haul
roads, community land and
government building to control the
dust.
Rs. 1.50 lakhs/Yr
(Dust Suppression)
4.12 IMPACTS DUE TO SOLID WASTE/OVERBURDEN AND MITIGATION MEASURES
Impact Mitigation Measure Budget
The mine worker will generate
municipal solid waste of about
7.75 Kg per day (@0.25 kg per
person) which will have adverse
impact on human health.
2 Nos. (5 Kg each) of Garbage
bins will be provided for the
safe disposal of solid waste.
Rs 0.70 lakhs/Yr for Solid
waste and waste water
treatment
595603 Tons of waste will be
generated. Waste material is being
utilized for backfilling
continuously.
---
4.13 IMPACTS ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
Impact Mitigation Measure Budget
Due to noise exposure,
hearing disorder may be
resulted.
Ear-muffs will be provided to the workers and
good maintenance of vehicles will be provided.
The accident at the site due
to mining operation may be
anticipated.
Workers are informed, kept aware and trained
about possible accidents during the mining
operation and persona protective equipments
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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will be provided viz. gloves, safety shoes, dust
mask, safety jackets, helmet etc. In addition to,
the awareness about the occupational health
hazards due to mining activities to avoid any
incident will be provided to the workers. Pre-placement health checkup will be made
mandatory and periodic heath checkup will be
done quarterly.
The details of the proposed budget for the Occupational Health and Safety are given as in Chapter 7
of this EIA/EMP report.
4.14 TRAFFIC ENVIRONMENT
The materials from the site are transported mainly through lorry vehicles. These vehicles move
mainly through SH-3 which further diverts to Bikaner. There will be slight increase in road traffic.
Traffic volume on nearby roads will increase due to movement of medium and heavy vehicles
however considering the overall size and nature of the project, the increase in traffic will not have
any significant effect. The traffic density survey was conducted at SH-3 road. The increase in traffic
due to proposed project is calculated by considering the quantity of raw materials, total working
days and vehicle type and its capacities. (Details have been furnished in Chapter 3).
Interpretation
Out of the total traffic vehicles, 2 wheelers are very high followed by light and medium vehicles.
The movement of two wheelers and light vehicles are largely found in daytime.
The difference of heavy vehicle movement both day and night time was very marginal. The
density of heavy vehicles was comparatively low.
The LOS study shows that the existing traffic scenario for SH-3 will remain same as “Very good”.
Mitigation Measures
It is proposed to plant 5000 nos. of local tree species per year with consultation of local
administration and Forest department along the haul roads to prevent the impact of dust in the
nearby village.
To avoid accidents the speed of vehicles will be low near habitation areas.
Truck/tippers shall be parked in designated parking area only.
Minimize use of roads at any particular time by planning vehicles movements.
From above statements, it can be concluded that proposed mining project will have insignificant
effect on the traffic and proper management plan will further reduce the negative impacts.
All trucks are to be used for transportation will be covered with tarpaulin, maintained, optimally
loaded and have Pollution test certificates.
In peak hours the transportation of dumpers will be suspended. Dumpers will be transported
during day time only.
All vehicles and their exhausts would be well maintained and regularly tested for emission
concentration.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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Transportation will be through covered trucks and wagons.
S.
No. Road Name Road
Length
(Km)
Road Connectivity Total Number
of Dumpers/
Day(8Hrs.)
Total Trips (Up/
Down)
Total Volume
of Mineral
Transported
(MT/Day)
From To
1. Haul Road 1 5.0 Mine Site SH-3 2 4 167
Total Production Capacity =50000 MTPA
Production/ day =167 MT/ Day
Dumper Capacity =20 MT
Total No. of Haul Road (Motorable Connecting Roads) = 1
In this mining project there are 1 haul road/Motorable road originating from mine site and
connecting to village road (all are metalled). The details of haul roads with the length and
transportation of dumpers (trips)/MT/Day are mentioned in the above table.
Budget
The total 3.43 Km long and 5m wide haul road already constructed to connect the mine lease to
nearest approach roads for transportation of minerals and a budget for the maintenance of this haul
road of Rs.1.0 Lakhs/ Yr has been proposed for the construction of haul road under EMP budget.
4.15 IMPACTS ON GEOLOGY AND MITIGATION
Impact Mitigation Measure Budget
Degradation of land
Adopting methods that are less wasteful, use of
technologies that are user and environmentally
friendly.
It is proposed to plant total number of 5000 Nos.
of local tree species per year with consultation of
forest department with some fruit bearing and
medicinal trees, along the haul roads, community
land and government building to control the
dust.
Rs. 3.37 Lakhs/Yrs
(Plantation budget as
explained in Chapter-
10)
4.16 MINE CLOSURE PLAN
4.16.1 General
The mine closure plan is one of the most important requirements in the environmental
management of mining projects. The closure operation is a continuous series of activities right from
the commencement to decommissioning of the project. Therefore, the progressive mine closure
plan is specifically included in the mining plan, which is to be reviewed every five years in the
scheme of mining. The primary aim is to ensure that the following broad objectives along with the
abandonment of the mine can be successfully achieved:
Creation of a productive and sustainable after-use for the site, acceptable to mine owners,
regulatory agencies, and most importantly to the community.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Protection of public health and safety of the surrounding habitation.
Minimization of environmental damage.
Conservation of valuable attributes and aesthetics.
Counter balancing the adverse socioeconomic impacts.
Disposal of Mining Machinery
Initially all machinery has arranged on hire basis by the authorized contractors. There is no
proposal of disposal of mining machinery during the Scheme of Mining.
Safety and security
Safety measures to be implemented to prevent access to excavations area by un-authorized persons
as per Mines Act 1957, MMR, 1960.
i. Safety measures will be implemented as per Mines Act 1957, MMR, 1960, Mines Rules 1955.
ii. Protective equipment like dust masks, ear plugs / muffs and other equipments will be provided
for use by the work persons.
iii. Notice giving warning to prevent inadvertent entry of persons will be displayed at all
conspicuous places and in particular near mine entries.
iv. Danger signs will be displayed near the excavations.
v. Security guards will be posted.
vi. In the event of temporary closer, approaches will be fenced off and notice displayed.
Time Scheduling for Abandonment
The mining area has enormous potential for continuance of operations even after the expiry of the
awarded period. The details of time schedule of all abandonment will be given at the time of final
closer plan.
4.17 SUMMARY
The proposed mining operations are not anticipated to raise the concentration of the pollutants
beyond prescribed limits. However, the measures are suggested to mitigate any harmful impacts of
pollutants like a plantation of trees along haul roads, especially near settlements, to help to reduce
the impact of dust on the nearby villages; planning, transportation routes of mined material so as to
reach the nearest paved roads by the shortest route; regular water sprinkling on unpaved roads to
avoid dust generation during transportation etc. Some of impacts may be due to increase in the
PCU/hr which is 18 PCU/hr. Transportation of Gypsum should be minimized in the morning and
evening and cannot be done in night. Fugitive emission from vehicle movement will form a layer on
leaves, thus reducing the gas exchange process.The impact on the present noise levels due to mining
operations will be restricted to the work zone areas only. The impact on the ambient noise levels
will not be felt at the settlement areas due to masking effect with the existing noise levels. The
waste generated will be year wise backfilled. The mining activities will be done in a systematic
manner by maintaining the road infrastructure and vehicle transport, which will be a protective
measure for preserving the topography and drainage in the area. No human settlement should be
permitted in the lease mining or the nearby area. No mining will be carried out during the rainy
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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season to minimize impact on aquatic life. There are 9 species of Schedule I, observed during the
study period hence, for the same conservation plan has been prepared. Subsequently, a budget of
Rs. 10.0 lakhs has allotted for the conservation of wildlife species. The mining of Gypsum likely to
increase the per capita income of local people by which the socioeconomic status of the people will
be improved. The local people have been provided with either direct employments or indirect
employment such as business, contract works and development work like roads, etc. and other
welfare amenities such as medical facilities, conveyance, free education, drinking water supply etc.
Except dust generation, there is no source which can show a probability for health related diseases.
Regular water sprinkling will be done with sprinkles mounted tankers and dust masks will be
provided to the workers. All workers will be subjected to a medical examination as per Mines Rule
1955 both at the time of appointment and at least once in a year. Medical camps will be organized
for this activity. Insurance for all employees as per the rules will also be carried out.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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CHAPTER-5 : ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE (TECHNOLOGY & SITE)
5.1 INTRODUCTION
Consideration of alternatives to a project proposal is a requirement of EIA process. During the
scoping process, alternatives to a proposal can be considered or refined, either directly or by
reference to the key issues identified. A comparison of alternatives help to determine the best
method of achieving the project objectives with minimum environmental impacts or indicates the
most environmentally friendly and cost effective options.
5.1.1 ALTERNATIVE FOR MINE LEASE
During the scoping process, various alternatives were considered. A detailed study of alternatives to
determine the optimum method of achieving the project objectives with minimum environmental
impacts was carried out and the most environmentally compatible alternative was selected, details
of which are given in table 5.1.
Table No: 5.1 - PROCESS FLOW SHEET
Activities Possibilities Finalized Finalized Open cast mine development (Pit Formation)
Technologies / equipment Open cast mechanized with excavator dumper on O/B excavation and surface miner for mineral production.
Bench parameters 4.55m high benches 3 or more than 3m wide benches Approaches to the mine benches
Road with proper gradient one way traffic/two way traffic
~3.43 Km Haul road already available as this is an existing mine
Excavation of mineral and inter burden
Excavator / dumper OB is removed by excavator & dumpers for miner excavation, surface miner. Use of rock breaker
Use of inter burden generated
To reduce the wastage & increase mineral recovery
To reduce wastage, no drilling & blasting is proposed in mineralized zone / surface miner is proposed to excavate mineral in layers to avoid mixing with waste.
Place of stacking site of inter-burden
Stacking at level ground/Backfilling.
Simultaneously backfilling will be done.
Sorting of mineral/stacking of mineral &sub grade mineral.
Simultaneous sorting & blending with in mining pit.
Simultaneous sorting & blending with in mining pit
Loading of mineral Surface miner /Excavator Surface miner/ Excavator Transportation of mineral from pits to processing plant
Dumpers Dumpers for direct transportation to destination.
Land reclamation Land reclamation by plantation / backfilling/ water reservoir
Plantation on benches, simultaneously backfilling.
Plantation Green belt development surrounding ML boundary, waste dumps.
Green belt development surrounding ML boundary, waste dumps.
Employment Local persons Local persons as per availability
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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CHAPTER-6 : ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
6.0 INTRODUCTION
Regular monitoring of the various environmental parameters is necessary to evaluate the
effectiveness of the management programme so that the necessary corrective measures can be
taken in case there are some drawbacks in the proposed programme. Since environmental quality
parameters at work zone and surrounding area are important for maintaining sound operating
practices of the project in conformity with environmental regulations, the post project monitoring
work forms part of Environmental Monitoring Program. Environmental Monitoring Program will be
implemented once the project activity commences. Environmental Monitoring Program includes: (i)
environmental surveillance (ii) analysis and interpretation of data (iii) preparation of reports to
support environmental management system and (iv) organizational set up responsible for the
implementation of the programme.Environmental Monitoring will be taken up for various
environmental components as per conditions stipulated in Environmental Clearance Letter issued
by MoEF&CC and Consent to Operate issued by the State Pollution Control Board. Compliance of
same will be submitted to respective authorities on regular basis.
6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL
In order to maintain the environmental quality within the stipulated standards, regular monitoring
of various environmental components is necessary which will complied as per conditions. For this
the lessee M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd has taken decision to formulate an
Environment Policy of the mine and constitute an Environmental Management Cell and committed
to operate the proposed mine with the objectives mentioned in approved Environment Policy.
(Copy of approved Environmental Policy attached as Annexure VIII). The system of reporting of
Non-conformances /violation of any Environmental Law/Policy will be as per quality management
system. The internal audit will be conducted on periodic basis and any Non-conformances/violation
to Environmental Law/Policy will be closed and discussed during Management Review Meetings of
board of directors/partners.
Hierarchy
An EHS Manager will be appointed to look after all environmental issues and ensure compliance
with Environmental Clearance conditions/SPCB norms. An Assistant Manager and Executive
Environment Engineer will be appointed under the EHS Manager. EHS Manager will report to the
Lessee directly and discuss the non-compliance if, any. An immediate solution will be arrived to
ensure compliance with norms.
6.1.1 Responsibilities for Environmental Management Cell (EMC)
The responsibilities of the EMC include the following:
Environmental Monitoring of the surrounding area
Developing the green belt/Plantation
Ensuring minimal use of water
Proper implementation of pollution control measures
Access the risk area
Implementation of QMS
Conducting Internal Audits
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Closing of NCs and conduction Management Review Meetings.
6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND REPORTING PROCEDURE
Monitoring shall confirm that commitments are being met. This may take the form of direct
measurement and recording of quantitative information, such as amounts and concentrations of
discharges and wastes, for measurement against corporate or statutory standards, consent limits or
targets. It may also require measurement of ambient environmental quality in the vicinity of a sit
using ecological/biological, physical and chemical indicators. Monitoring may include socio-
economic interaction, through local liaison activities or even assessment of complaints.
The key aims of environmental monitoring are:
To ensure that results/conditions are as forecast during the planning stage, and where they are
not, to pinpoint the cause and implement action to remedy the situation.
To verify the evaluations made during the planning process, in particular with risk and impact
assessments and standards and target setting and to measure operational and process
efficiency.
Monitoring will also be required to meet compliance with statutory and corporate
requirements.
Finally, monitoring results provide the basis for auditing, i.e. to identify unexpected changes.
6.3 MONITORING METHODOLOGIES AND PARAMETERS
Table 6-1: Monitoring Methodologies and Parameters
Attributes Sampling Measurement Method
Test Procedure A. Air Environment Network Frequency Meteorology Wind speed Wind direction Dry bulb temperature Wet bulb temperature Relative humidity Rainfall
Minimum 1 site in the project impact area
Regularly twice in a week by Weather Monitoring Station
Mechanical/ automatic weather station
-
Pollutants PM10 8 locations in
the project impact area (Minimum 2 locations in upwind side, more sites in downwind side / impact zone)
Revised National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) vide MoEF&CC circular, dated 16.11.2009
Gravimetric method -
SO2
EPA Modified West and Geake method
Absorption in Potassium Tetra Chloromercurate followed by Colorimetric estimation using P-Rosaniline hydrochloride and Formaldehyde (IS: 5182 Part - II).
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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NO2
Arsenite modified Jacob and Hochheiser
Absorption in dill NaOH and then estimated colorimetrically with sulphanilamide and N (I-Nepthyle) Ethylene diamine Dihydrochloride and Hydrogen Peroxide (CPCB Method).
Free Sillica 2-3 locations (Mine site, Haul road and near Habitation) will be monitored during six monthly compliance.
24 hr monitoring twice in a year
Gravimetric Method by using Repairable particulate matter sampler “Repairable Dust Sampler” (RDS)
Data analysis by using laboratory methods (Colorimetric method by Spectrophotometer)
B.Water Environment pH, Turbidity, Colour, Odour, Taste, TDS, Total Hardness, Calcium hardness, Magnesium hardness, Chloride, Fluoride, Sulphate, Nitrates, Alkalinity, Iron, Copper, Manganese, Mercury, Cadmium,Selenium, Arsenic, Cyanide, Lead, Zinc, Chromium, Aluminum, Boron, Phenolic compounds
Set of grab samples during winter season for 2 surface water samples for 10 km distance area.
Once in the study period
As per IS 3025 (Part-I)
Samples for water quality should be collected and analyzed as per : IS : 10500 methods for sampling and testing of Industrial effluents Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater analysis published by American Public Health Association.
C. Noise
Noise levels at Day and night time -Leq dB (A)
Mine Boundary, High noise generating areas within the lease.
Quarterly As per CPCB norms
As per CPCB norms
D. Soil pH, Bulk Density, Soil texture, Nitrogen, Available Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Electrical Conductivity, Organic Matter, Chloride
8 locations in the project impact area
Quarterly As per CSSRI, IISWC Method
As per CSSRI, IISWC Method
E. Socioeconomic Status
Network Frequency Measurement Method
Test Procedure
Demographic structure
Socio-economic survey is based
Yearly Primary data collection
Secondary data from census records,
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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6.4 MONITORING SCHEDULE
Regular Monitoring of all the environmental parameters viz., air, water, noise and soil as per the
formulated program based on CPCB and MoEF&CC guidelines will be carried out every year in order
to detect any changes from the baseline status.
Table 6-2: Monitoring Schedule
S. No. Description Schedule Of Monitoring 1. Air Quality
Free Sillica Twice in a week 24 hr monitoring twice in a year
2. Water Quality (Surface and Ground Water) Twice in a week
3. Noise Level Quarterly
4. Ecology and Biodiversity Yearly
5. Soil Quality Quarterly
6. Socio-economic Condition Yearly
7. Plantation Monitoring Once in a season
6.5 LOCATIONS OF MONITORING STATIONS
The location of the monitoring stations was selected on the basis of prevailing micro meteorological
conditions of the area like; wind direction and wind speed, relative humidity, temperature.
Locations for the post project monitoring shall be as under.
S. No. Description Location 1. Ambient Air Quality Lease area, Villages in down-wind direction from the Lease
Boundary 2. Noise Level
Monitoring Lease Boundary, High noise generating areas within the lease boundary
3. Water Level and Quality
Nearby Surface and Ground water sources
4. Soil Quality Lease area and Villages within study area.
Infrastructure resource base
Economic resource base
Health status: Morbidity pattern
Cultural and aesthetic attributes
Education
on proportionate, stratified and random sampling method
through questionnaire
statistical hard books, topo sheets, health records and relevant official records available with Govt. agencies.
Ecological Impact
Green Belt Development
Conservation of Wild Life
Survey Yearly Primary data collection.
Secondary data from statistical hard books, topo-sheets and relevant official records available with Govt. agencies
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Reporting Schedule during Operation of Mine
After completion of analysis, copies of all the analysis reports will be sent to MoEF&CC Regional
Office and SPCB. Copies of the reports will be maintained in the office and will be made available to
the concerned inspecting authorities.
6.6 BUDGET ALLOCATION FOR MONITORING
The cost of the project is Rs 42.0 Lakhs and a budget for monitoring of Air, water, Noise and Soil will
be Rs. 1.00 Lakhs to be incurred by the project proponent for undertaking pollution prevention
measures during the mining activity.
6.7SUMMARY
In order to maintain the environmental quality within the stipulated standards, regular monitoring
of various environmental components is necessary which will complied as per conditions. For this
lessee M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd has taken decision to formulate an
Environment Policy of the mine and constitute an Environmental Management Cell and committed
to operate the proposed mine with the objectives mentioned in approved Environment Policy. EMP
may also require measurement of ambient environmental quality in the vicinity of a sit using
ecological/biological, physical and chemical indicators. Monitoring may include socio-economic
interaction, through local liaison activities or even assessment of complaints. Regular Monitoring of
all the environmental parameters viz., air, water, noise and soil as per the formulated program
based on CPCB and MoEF&CC guidelines will be carried out every year. The location of the
monitoring stations was selected on the basis of prevailing micro meteorological conditions of the
area like; wind direction and wind speed, relative humidity, temperature. A budget for monitoring
of Air, water, Noise and Soil will be Rs. 1.0 Lakhs to be incurred by the project proponent for
undertaking pollution prevention measures during the mining activity.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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CHAPTER-7 : ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.0 General
Mining operations are associated with several potential hazards that affect adversely the human
health and environment. It would normally require the assistance of emergency services to handle it
effectively. The mining operation will be taken up under the supervision and control of qualified
staff including Mine Manager (Grade I). Similarly Gypsum mines also have impending dangers and
risk which need to be addressed for which a disaster management plan has been prepared with an
aim of taking precautionary steps to avert disasters and also to take such action after the disaster
which limits the damage to the minimum.
7.1 Public Consultation
Public hearing is very significant part of the process of public participation envisaged under the
guidelines issued by MoEF&CC, Government of India. It facilitates involvement of all the stake
holders of the project which is essential for ensuring smooth running of project and benefitting all
sections of society in the process of economic development of the region.
7.1.1 Public Hearing Notice
Public Hearing was held on 20.11.2019 at 11:00 am at venue Rajiv Gandhi Seva Kendra, Kaoni
under the chairmanship of Mr. A.H. Gauri, Additional District Collector, Bikaner, Rajasthan. The
copy of the notice for Public Hearing is given figure 7-1. The advertisements for Public Hearing were
published in "Dainik Kamyab Club" on 19.10.2019 and in "Rajasthan Patrika" on 20.11.2019, copy
attached as Annexure-X.
Figure 7-1: Notice for Public Hearing
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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7.1.2 Photographs of public Hearing
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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7.1.3 Action plan for issue raised in Public Hearing
The Proceedings of the Public Hearing has been issued by Regional Officer, Bikaner (Copy Attached as Annexure-X) and action plan has been prepared
against the issue raised in Public Hearing are as follows;
S. No. Name of
Stackholder Question/Suggestion Reply Action plan Budget
1. A.H. Gauri, Additional District Collector, Bikaner
He asked to the Sarpanch if you have any objection from this mining project so you can tell us.
The Sarpanch replied that they have no objection from this mining project.
-- --
2. Shri Govind Singh, He suggested that plantation should be done in the streets of the village and its maintenance should also be ensured.
The Additional District Collector said that after marking the width of the street, plant trees accordingly and tree guards should be installed for the protection of trees. Fruit bearing local species should be planted in place of kikar at the mining site, plant species should be one year old so that the tree survives well in future.
Under Plantation Programme local fruit bearing species will be preferred. For the better survival of plants Proper watering and cleaning, will be done and one year old plants will be planted.
A budget of Rs.3.37 Lakh/Annum is proposed for the Plantation/ Green belt development.
3. Mr. Chelu Singh, He said that road has got deteriorated due to gypsum mining.
The Additional District Collector said that this question is not related to this public hearing, the work of repairing roads is done by the state government.
This public hearing is related to environment Clearance for Gypsum Mining.
--
4. Shri Govind Singh, He submitted an application in writing to the Additional District Collector for drinking water facility for ward no 6.
The Additional District Collector said that this question is not related to this public hearing, this work is done by the state government.
This public hearing is related to environment Clearance for Gypsum Mining.
--
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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5. Shri Lun Singh He said that hospital facility, electricity facility should be made available in Jaimalsar. He also said that teachers do not come on time in schools and studies are not being done properly.
The Additional District Collector said that this question is not related to this public hearing, this work is done by the state government.
This public hearing is related to environment Clearance for Gypsum Mining.
--
6. A.H. Gauri, Additional District Collector, Bikaner
He told to Mr. SS Shekhawat, General Manager FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Limited that give brief introduction about the project and its clarify about the activities to be done for the welfare of local public.
Mr. S.S Shekhawat, General Manager FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Limited thanked the honorable Additional District Collector, and the local people for attending the public hearing. In the context of the suggestions and questions of village residents, he said that this mining project has been run by this government undertaking for the last several years. He said that villagers have contributed a lot in this project. In the context of plantation, he ensured that the plantation can be done in the streets but it has to be maintained by the villagers themselves, but according to the guidelines of the Mining Manual and Central Pollution Control Board, the plantation is done only on both sides of the mining area, Hall Road. He ensured that 1 year old local species of plants would be planted which can also survive in the desert. In the context of road repair, he told that DMFT funds are deposited to the state government on mining of mineral gypsum. The amount of DMFT funds is
Under Plantation Programme local fruit bearing species will be preferred. For the better survival of plants Proper watering and cleaning, will be done and one year old plants will be planted. Only haulage road which will be used by Project Proponent will be repaired by FAGMIL.
A budget of Rs.3.37 Lakh/Annum is proposed for the Plantation/ Green belt development. A budget of Rs. 1Lakh/Annum is proposed for the haul road repair
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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spent by the government in the development work around the mining areas.
Other Road will be repaired by State Govt.
and maintenance
Mr. Raghuveer, He suggested that only local people should get employment
Mr. S.S Shekhawat, General Manager, FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Limited ensured that the laborers who work in mining will be local and the remaining staff for mining is appointed on merit as per the selection process.
Due to this Mining operation Many direct and indirect employment will be generated and the priority will be given to local people.
---
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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7.2 Risk Assessment
7.2.1 Introduction
Mining are associated with several hazards that pose impacts on employees & surrounding area
necessitating adequate implementation of Safety and health measures. Hence, mine safety is one of
the most essential aspects. Site Specific Major Risks involved in Gypsum Mining are following:
1. Physical Hazards (Slip/Trip Fall) due to Mining Activity
2. Mechanized Heavy Machinery Failure
3. Top Soil Erosion
4. Water Accumulation During Rainy Season and Flood
5. Occupational Health Hazard due to Inhalation of Dust
6. Natural Hazards (Bikaner District)
Earthquake Floods Fires Drought Road/ Rail Accidents Industrial/ Chemical Accidents Extreme Temperature Lightening
7.2.2 Hazard identification and risk assessment
To identify risks which need maximum attention and the options for achieving risk reduction.
To identify which risks need careful ongoing management, the nature of ongoing
management as well as the indicators that show that the risk is being managed.
To identify triggers which might be used to monitor that hazard and initiate remedial
action if elimination is not feasible.
7.2.3 Mitigation measures and Disaster Management Plan
Mining is an activity involving land degradation by excavation of existing land and OB material
disposal. The structure and strength of the host and other rocks with its mineral association plays a
vital role to plan the disasters due to failure resulting from various activities involved in mining. The
surficial mining activity does not involve high risk accident like landslide, subsidence, failure of
sides etc. The OB of the area under study is alluvium. Even though the possible disaster has assessed
which is as under:-
Disaster due to falls of sides:
The disaster due to falls of slides is caused of following reasons:
a. Loose rocks
During excavation the natural binding of the rocks are loosened. Such loss rocks may fall at any time
causing unfortunate happenings to human begins and machinery but there is no such problem in
the lease area as the gypsum is mined in the shallow depth and alluvium as OB is to be removed and
backfilled after winning the mineral. It is done in very systematic manner.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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b. Unmanageable height
In systematic and scientific mining, the bench height should never be more than the width of the
bench & approach of the machinery deployed. If the height is more, it will result in undercutting
leading to collapse of in accessible part of the height. The corrective and remedial measure in this
respect is to maintain the bench height and the same is being done.
c. Intrusion of loose Earth
The Gypsum is being won by surficial mining in shallow depth. Hence, there is no such problem in
the lease area.
d. Nature & structure of the Rocks
The gypsum bed is overlying by the alluvium cover and occurring in shallow depth. The
mineralization is also bedded so the nature and structure of the rock does not have any impact.
Failure due to OB dump slope:
Failure due to slop is caused because of unmanaged height of dump from one terrace to another,
improper check and supervision to trim the edges & sides but there is not such problem is faces as
the gypsum is surficial deposit and mining confined in the shallow depth.
Surface Fire
No surface fire is involved in the Gypsum Mining.
Possible damage due to storage and use of Explosive
The gypsum mining does not involve any type of blasting hence does not involve the damage due to
storage and handling of explosive.
Possible damages due to storage of Oils & Fuels
The machine operations involves use of high- speed-diesel and lubricants. These items are
inflammable and are required to be stored properly. The HSD is to be stored in licensed storage
tank. Fabricated and erected as per specification stipulated and monitored by licensing authority.
Subsidence due to flood
The area is flat and is a part of arid zone having very low rain, so there is no chance of flood causing
any Subsidence.
Seismic activities
The area is comes in IIIrd level of seismic Zone in India.
7.2.3.1 Measures to Prevent Accidents Due to Trucks and Dumpers
All transportation within the main working should be carried out directly under the
supervision and control of the management.
The vehicles will be maintained in good condition and checked thoroughly at least once a
month by the competent person authorized for the purpose by the management.
Road signs will be provided at each and every turning point up to the main road (wherever
required).
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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To avoid danger while reversing the trackless vehicles, especially at the embankment and
tipping points, all areas for reversing of trucks/ tippers should as far as possible be made man
free.
A statutory provision of the fences, constant education, training, etc. will go a long way in
reducing the incidents of such accidents.
Haul trucks should be oriented essentially perpendicular to the berm, while unloading.
7.2.3.2 Other Possible Measures to Avoid Risks/ Disaster Due to Mining
Identification & determination of safe clearances by the height of bench & thickness of
mineral to be extracted.
The minerals will be mined out in a uniform way so that the water table shall not get
disturbed in its uniformity.
7.2.3.3 Preventive and Corrective Measures for Occupational Injuries To avoid any adverse effect on the health of the workers due to dust, noise etc. extensive
measures has to be adapted related to safety aspect.
Regular maintenance and testing all the tools & equipments as per manufacturer’s
guidelines.
Provision of personal protective equipment to the workers working in the mine.
Periodical Medical Examination of all workers by medical specialists will be conducted.
Awareness program will be organized for workers
Training will be given to the workers on how to use hand equipments
First aid will be provided on-site only if any accident occurs
In-case of poor condition of any equipment, it will be changed immediately
7.2.3.4 Preventive and Corrective Measures for Fires on large surface vehicles through ignition of fuel/hydraulic fluids
Availability of fire extinguishers on-site throughout the operational phase of mine
Maintenance of vehicles on monthly basis
7.2.3.5 Care and maintenance during temporary discontinuance
During temporary discontinuation of the mining in the area due to any reason of temporary
nature, following steps will be taken;
Protection of the Pit
The Gypsum is surficial deposit and mining is confined up to shallow depth and the generated OB
will be backfilled after taking production it is not required.
Protection of the area
The area is being protected by displaying a board at the entry with a caption like “ Entry in the
premise without permission is strictly prohibited” in local language.
7.2.3.6 Implementation of Disaster Management Plan
Following key personnel, identified for carrying out specific and assigned duties in case of any kind
of emergency, shall be available on call on holidays and off duty also.
• Mine Manager
• Personnel Officer
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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• Foreman
• Senior Mining Mate
• Essential workers
Responsibilities of Mine Manager
• To take overall charge at the place of incident and activate the Emergency Preparedness Plan according to severity of situation
• Inform doctor to be ready for treatment of affected employees and intimate their relatives. • To depute staff, carry out following functions - • To liaison with district administration and other departments and guide their personnel
• To supervise assembly and evacuation at all points
• To look after patients who are bed ridden and any casualties and give psychological support
• Inform and liaison with project proponent, Police department and District Emergency Authority
• Arrange for chronological records of emergency to be maintained
• Issue authorized statements to news media
Responsibilities of Mines Foreman
• To take immediate charge at the site of incident and ensure that immediate steps as per
Emergency Preparedness Plan are taken and immediately inform Mines manager
• Shall disseminate the information regarding emergency by blowing of siren / hooter
• Supervise assembly and evacuation as per plan, if required and ensure that casualties are
receiving proper medical care
• Ensure accounting for personnel and rescue of missing persons • Control traffic movement in quarry premises
Responsibilities of Trained Workers
• A task force comprising of specially trained staff to act and deliver in the emergency situation
shall carryout the following work
• Fire-fighting and spill control till fire brigade takes the charge and thereafter assist the fire
brigade
• Ensuring safety and isolating equipment, materials, urgent repairing or replacement, electrical
work etc • Controlling movement of equipment, transport vehicles, special vehicle at the mine site
• Extending first - aid and medical help
7.3 Occupational Health and Safety at Mine Site
Occupational health and safety (OHS) is a cross disciplinary area concerned with protecting the
safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. DGFASL I working under the
Ministry of Labor provides assistance to the State enforcing agencies, training and educating them
in the field of occupational health and safety in the industries.
A. Occupational Health
Pre Placement and Periodical Health Status
Pre /post-employment checkup will be carried out and following test will be conducted:
Hematological Test
Biochemical Test
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Urine
E CG
Spirometer
Audiometry Color Vision
Health Review System
Medical Fitness From FMO
Medical Record of Each Employee will be maintained and updated with finding
B. Frequency of Medical Examination
For Mines Employee= Once in three Years
C. Personal Protective Devices and Measures
Mask for prevention of dust
Ear Muff
Safety Helmets
Safety Belts
Leather Hand Gloves
Safety Shoes/Gum boots
D. Anticipated Occupational & Safety Hazards
Musculoskeletal disorder
Noise Induced Hearing Losses
The Health impact due to diesel particulates from emission of diesel operated vehicles and
equipment
Physical Activity
Silicosis due to mining
Dehydration
Skin Disorder
Dust Exposure
7.3.1 The Occupational Health Surveillance Program
A team of qualified doctors and nurses will visit periodically for health check-up of all the workers,
team and its record will be maintained properly.
7.3.2 Impact on Human Health
This project will have an impact on the human health due to Gypsum, increased dust, creation of
breeding grounds for disease vectors, population influx which might introduce new diseases in the
area, and inadequate sanitation facilities may result in severe health Impact. Following measures
can be taken to eradicate Impact of the project.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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7.3.3 Implementation of Occupational Health and Safety Measures
Occupational Health & Safety measures result in improving the conditions under which workers are
employed and work. It improves not only their physical efficiency, but also provides protection to
their life and limb. Management will consider the following safety measures:
Safety clauses in contract order
Dedicated safety team
Inspection and maintenance of equipment’s and accessories
Pre placement and periodic health check up
Removal of unsafe conditions and prevention of unsafe acts
Detailed analysis of each and every incident
To provide standard PPEs and ensure its uses for mining safety
Periodic inspection by internal and external safety experts
Celebrations of various safety events for awareness
Medical facilities & first aid boxes will be established in the mine premises.
Pits, Sumps, openings in floor, etc. which may be a source of danger, will be either securely
covered or securely fenced. Securely fencing a pit means covering or fencing it in such a way
that it ceases to be a source of danger.
Health Awareness Programs and camps will be organized
The mine workers will be provided all necessary PPE, especially dust masks for their
safeguard from dust, Ear Plugs/Ear Muffs for noise, boots etc. and measures for other
hazards.
Under initial vocational training, the workers will be given training related to all safety and
health aspects.
S. No OHS Requirement Budget
1. Health awareness Program and Training 50000
2. PPE 30000 3. Mine Safety Training to Workers 20000
4. First Aid Training 50,000
5. EHS Audit 50,000
Total 200000
7.3.4 Conclusion
Occupational Hazard due to Proposed Mining Activity of Gypsum may result in Physical Injury and
Dust Exposure. Site Specific HIRA shall be prepared and shall be carried out at regular basis to
reduce risk to occupational Hazard at site. A well-developed Safety Management is implemented
and will be complied for Proposed Expansion at the site also due care will be taken to avoid any
Minor /Major Incidents. Occupational Health Monitoring Program will be implemented to Monitor
Health of Employees and Workers.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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7.4 SUMMARY
The public hearing will be conducted and the final minutes will be incorporated in the Final
EIA/EMP Report. Risk assessments will help mine operators to identify high, medium and low risk
levels. There is no displacement of the population within the project area and adjacent nearby
area. This mining project has a positive impact on social and economic well-being of the
community because this project provides employment opportunities to local people and many
social welfare works done by project proponent.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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CHAPTER-8 : PROJECT BENEFIT 8.0 General
Theexecutionoftheprojectbringsoverallimprovementinthelocality,neighborhoodandtheStateby
bringing industry, roads, employment and hence improving living standard and economic growth.
8.1 Improvements in the physical infrastructure The proposed project will enhance the following physical infrastructure facilities in the adjoining areas:
a. Road Transport: The existing will be maintained regularly to improve the road
communication.
b. Market: Generating useful economic resource for construction. Excavated mineral will
provide a good market opportunity.
c. Infrastructure: Creation of community assets (infrastructure) like provision of drinking
water, village
roads/linkedroads,dispensaryandhealthcenter,marketplaceetc.,asapartofcorporate
environment responsibility.
d. Green Belt Development: A suitable combination of trees that can grow fast and also have
good leaf cover will be adopted to develop the green belt area. It is proposed to plant 5000
nos. of native species per year however, 28000 plant has already been planted by M/s FCI
Aravali Gypsum and Mineral India Ltd till March 2017 over an area of 35 ha.
e. Local Employment: This project will enhance the opportunities of employment for the local
villagers near the lease area due to which their economic status will becomes better.
8.2 Improvements in the social infrastructure
The mining in the area will create rural employment. It has been observed that the conditions of the
villages around mining areas are better than that of distance villages. The mining activity in the
region will have a positive impact on the social, economic condition of the area by way of providing
employment to the local inhabitants; wages paid to them will increase the per capita income,
housing, education, medical and transportation facilities, economic status, health and agriculture.
A detailed program for socio economic development of the area has been framed. The salient
features of the program are as follows:
i. Social welfare programs like provision of medical facilities, educational facilities, water supply
for the employees as well as for nearby villagers will be under taken.
ii. A well laid plan for employment of the local people has been prepared by giving priority to
local people.
iii. Supplementing Govt. efforts in health monitoring camps, social welfare and various awareness
programs among the rural population
iv. Assisting social forestry program
v. Adoption of villages for general development
vi. Supply of water to nearby villages
vii. Development of facilities within villages like roads, etc.
8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL –SKILLED, SEMI-SKILLED AND UNSKILLED
The propose project will generate many employment opportunities in both direct and indirect way.
As per approved mining plan 31 persons will get direct employment due to proposed project. Apart
from this many indirect employment will also be generated due to establishment of hotels, repair
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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workshop, tea stalls, general store. About 100-200people will be get indirect employment through
this opportunity.
8.4 ECOLOGICAL BENEFITS
This is an existing mine project so the plantation will be done within the mine lease area and also on
both side of the haul road, village Panchayat area and schools government building area etc. Green
belt is erected not from biodiversity conservation point of view but developed as a screen to check
the spread of dust pollution. It is proposed to plant 5000 Nos. of native species per year however,
28000 plants has already been planted by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd. till
March 2019 over an area of 35ha. Green belt plantation will be started with the beginning of the
mining and will be completed within five years from the beginning.
8.5 CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT RESPONSIBILITY
As per the Office Memorandum F. No. 22-65/2017-IA.III dated May 1st 2018 by the MoEF&CC, The
Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) for Brownfield project is 1% of the project cost i.e. Rs.
42000. The mining operations will provide employment to 31 people. A budget of Rs.0.42 lakhs is
proposed under CER activities and the detail of the activities is given in the table 8.1.
Table 8-1 : Detail of Corporate Environment Responsibility
S. No. Activity Budget Allocated (in Lakh)
1. Health camp checkup 0.42
8.6 Summary
The management will recruit the semi-skilled and unskilled workers from the nearby villages. The
project activity and the management will definitely support the local Panchayat and provide other
form of assistance for the development of public amenities in this region. The company
management will contribute to the local schools, dispensaries for the welfare of the villagers. A
suitable combination of trees that can grow fast with good leaf cover will be adopted to develop the
greenbelt. The project proponent has allocated Rs. 0.42 Lakhs per annum for CER.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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CHAPTER-9 : COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
As per ToR granted by MoEF&CC Rajasthan Cost Benefit Analysis study is not required for the
proposed project.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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CHAPTER-10 : ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
10.0 INTRODUCTION
Environmental Management Plan details the environmental quality control measures which are
proposed for this project to achieve the production of 50000 MTPA by complying with the
stipulated standard limits specified by State Pollution Control Board and CPCB. The environmental
management plan includes all preventive as well as mitigation measures to minimize impact on
environment for the mined out Limestone.
Environmental Management Plan, which is to be implemented in the project has detailed under the
following heads:
Land use pattern and environment
Air Environment
Noise Environment
Water Management
Solid Waste Management
Biological Environment including Plantation Development
Implementation of EMP and Monitoring Program
The mining in the area has been proposed with time bound Management Plan so that impacts on
different environmental parameters are least at every stage of mining. Environment Policy
approved by Board of Director of M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd has been
proposed which will deal for the Environment Management cell under the supervision of Manager
of Environment Health System.
The hierarchy of Environment Monitoring cell is given below:-
Figure 10-1: Environment monitoring cell
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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10.1 LAND USE PATTERN
For environmental friendly mining the following control/abatement measures will be followed:
Extractionofgypsumwillbecarriedoutbyusinghydraulicexcavatorandasper approved schematic
mining.
After mining operation the mined out land will be back filled by available overburden, leveled
and returned to the respective farmer for their own use.
10.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT
Mitigation measures suggested for air emission control will be based on the baseline ambient air
quality monitoring data. From the point of view of maintenance of an acceptable ambient air quality
in the region, it is desirable that the air quality needs to be monitored on a regular basis to check it
vis-à-vis the NAAQS prescribed by MoEF&CC and in cases of non-compliance, appropriate mitigative
measures will be adopted. In order to minimize impacts of mining on air and to maintain it within
the prescribed limits of CPCB/SPCB, an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been prepared.
This will help in resolving all environmental and ecological issues likely to cause due to mining in
the area. Duringthecourseofminingnotoxicsubstancesarereleasedintotheatmosphereas such there
seems to be no potential threat to health of human beings.
In the mining activities, the only source of gaseous emissions is from the engines of vehicles.
Proper maintenance of engines will improve combustion process and brings reduction in
pollution.
The un-metalled haul roads should be adequately compacted before being put into use.
Water should be sprinkled on these roads periodically every-day (twice in a day),to wet the
surface.
Over loading of transport equipments should be avoided to prevent spillage.
Mineral carrying trucks will be effectively covered by Tarpaulin to avoid escape of fines to
atmosphere.
Regular checking and maintenance of vehicles should be conducted once in every two
months and pollution under control certificate be obtained.
It will be ensured that all transportation vehicles carry a valid PUC certificate.
Air quality will be regularly monitored both in the core zone and the buffer zone.
In order to reduce air pollution in the surroundings, green belt will be developed around
mines office, mine approach road. The plantation will be done around the lease boundary.
10.3 NOISE AND VIBRATION ENVIRONMENT
The ambient noise level monitoring carried out in and around the proposed mine lease area shows
that ambient noise levels are well within the stipulated limits of MoEF&CC. There is no drilling and
blasting for mineral extraction. Noise pollution will only be due to loading and transporting
equipment. Effective steps will be taken to keep the noise level well below the DGMS prescribed
limit of 65 dbA.
10.3.1 Noise Abatement and Control
i. Proper maintenance of all machines is being carried out, which help in reducing generation of
noise during operations.
ii. No other equipments accept the Transportation vehicles and Excavator and Loaders (as and
when required) for loading is allowed.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 122
iii. Noise generated by these equipments is intermittent and does not cause much adverse
impact.
iv. Periodical monitoring of noise will be done to adopt corrective actions wherever needed.
v. Plantation will be taken up along the approach roads. The plantation minimizes propagation
of noise and also arrests dust.
10.4 WATER MANAGEMENT
There will be no waste water generation from the mining operations. Only domestic waste water
generation, which will be treated in septic tank.
10.4.1 Surface and Ground Water Management
i. Mining will neither intersect the ground water table of the area. So not at all disturbing water
environment.
ii. The mining does not have any impact on topography and natural drainage of surrounding area.
iii. Rain water harvesting pits will be proposed on the mining site.
10.4.2 Water Conservation
The project do not consume any process water except for drinking, dust suppression and plantation.
Plantation is proposed, which will increase the water holding capacity and help in recharging of
ground water.
10.5 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
682589 m3 Waste will be generate due to mining operation during the next five years. The rejects
generated while sorting out the produced mineral will be used for backfilling simultaneously.
Generated food waste or any other domestic waste (~12 Kg/day) will be segregated in
separate dustbins (3 No/5 kg) and will be properly disposed off.
There are no toxic elements present in the mineral which may contaminate the soil or ground
water.
10.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
To study the floral and faunal diversity of the 10 km radius a detailed biological study has been
carried out and suggested mitigation measures are proposed therein so that there will be no impact
on the biological diversity of the forests falling in the proximity of the site.
10.7 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT
Development of Green Belt along the boundary of the project as well as on the road sides of the
project area is considered most effective and multipurpose biological measure. Plantation
minimizes the impact of noise, dust and very effective to check erosion and improves the
macroclimate as well as provides the habitation for birds and butterflies.Therefore, the main
objectives of green belt development plan are:
Reduction of impacts of air pollution and dust
Attenuation of noise
Checking of soil erosion
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 123
Climatic amelioration
Aesthetic Enhancement
Table 10-1: Most Suitable Floral Species for the Green Belt Development and Plantation
Activities in the Project Area
S. N Species Family Local Name
Habit Avg. Height (m)
Deciduous or Evergreen
Attributes
1 Aegle marmelos
Rutaceae Bel Tree 12-15 m Deciduous Ed-Fruit Medicinal Value Air Purifier Dust Control Noise attenuation
2 Albizia lebbeck
Mimosaceae Safed Siris Tree 3 -15 m Deciduous Air Purifier
3 Acacia nilotica
Fabaceae Kikar Tree 8 – 10 m Evergreen Ed-Fruit Timber
4 Azadirachta indica
Meliaceae Neem Tree 15–20 m Semi Evergreen
Medicinal Value Dust control Air Purifier Noise attenuation
5 Bauhinia purpurea
Caesalpinaceae Kaniar Tree 10 m Evergreen Medicinal Value Air Purifier Dust control Perfume
6 Bauhinia variegata
Caesalpinaceae Kachnar Tree 15 m Evergreen Medicinal Value Air Purifier Perfume
7 Cassia pumila
Caesalpiniaceae Yellow Cassia
Tree 12-15 m Deciduous Medicinal Value Shade
8 Cassia fistula Caesalpiniaceae Amaltas Tree 10 -15 m Semi evergreen
Medicinal Value Ornamental Avenue Plantation
9 Citrus aurantium
Rutaceae Mosambi Tree 6-15m Evergreen Ed-Fruit Medicinal Value Air purifier
10 Calophyllum inophyllum
Clusiaceae Sultana champa
Tree 7-9 m Evergreen Edible Medicinal Value
11 Dalbergia sissoo
Fabaceae Shisham Tree 25 m Deciduous Medicine Timber
12 Diospyros melanoxylon
Ebenaceae Tendu Tree 25 m Deciduous Edible Ornamental Medicinal Value
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 124
13 Delonix regia Fabaceae Gulmohar Tree 10 – 15 m Evergreen Ornamental Avenue Plantation
14 Ficus benjamina
Moraceae Pukar Tree 8-15 m Evergreen Medicinal Value Air purifier Shade Dust Control
15 Ficus benghalensis
Moraceae Barh Tree 20-30 m Evergreen Medicinal Value Air purifier Timber Shade
16 Ficus glomerata
Moraceae Goolar Tree 20-30 m Deciduous Edible Medicinal Value Shade Timber
17 Ficus virens Moraceae Pilkhan Tree 18-20 m Deciduous Ed-Veg Medicinal Value Timber Shade
18 Mangifera indica
Anacardiaceae Aam Tree 20m Evergreen Ed-Fruit Timber Shade Air purifier Dust Control
19 Moringa oleifera
Moringoceoe Senjana Tree 10-12 m Deciduous Medicinal Value
20 Psidium guajava
Myrtaceae Guava tree Tree 6-9 m Evergreen Ed-Fruit Medicinal Value
21 Prosopis cineria
Fabaceae Khejri Tree 5-8 m Evergreen Ed-Fruit Medicinal Value
22 Tamarindus indica
Caesapinaceae Imli Tree 12- 18 m Evergreen Ed-Fruit Medicinal Value
23 Terminalia arjuna
Combretaceae Arjun Tree 15-20 m Deciduous Medicinal Value
24 Tecomella undulata
Bignoniaceae Rohida Tree 6-10 m Deciduous Edible
Shelter Dust Control
25 Syzygium cumini
Myrtaceae Jamun Tree 5-10 m Evergreen Edible Medicinal Value Fast Growing
26 Clerodendrum infortunatum
Verbenaceae Bhant Shrub 0.5 -1.5 m Deciduous Medicinal Value Ornamental
27 Crotalaria burhia
Fabaceae Saniya Shrub 1 -2 m Deciduous Medicinal Value
28 Ipomea fistulosa
Convolvulaceae Behaya Shrub 1.5 -3 m Deciduous Air purifier Ornamental
29 Nerium oleander
Apocynaceae Kaner Shrub 1.5 -3 m Semi Evergreen
Ornamental Air purifier
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 125
Perfume
30 Sesbania sesban
Fabaceae Janiti Shrub 2 -5 m Evergreen Fodder
31 Ziziphus nummularia
Rhamnaceae Ber Shrub 2-5 m Deciduous Ed-Fruit Medicinal Value
10.7.1 Plan for Greenbelt
The proposed green belt in the lease area is designed taking into consideration the availability of
area and the availability of water in the western part of Rajasthan. As such MoEF&CC has accepted
our proposal for Green Belt development in an area of 8.0 hectare by planting the native plant
species all around the mine area, haul roads and other access roads as per the environment
clearance granted. The proposed green belt has been designed to control SPM and other pollutants,
noise, surface run off and soil erosion etc.
While considering the above aspects; we will follow the guidelines and suggestion given by the
Central Arid Zone research Institute (CAZRI) report on “Reclamation & rehabilitation of Gypsum
mined waste land”. Due consideration has been given while selecting the suitable characteristics of
plant species as those fast growing, evergreen trees, locally suitable plant species, those resistant to
specific pollutant and those which would maintain the regional ecological balance, soil and
hydrological conditions.
Plantation will be done within as well as outside the lease area also. It is total 33% green belt shall
be developed in the area.
10.7.2 Plan for link road and haulage road
The mining site is already connected with haulage road which is directly connect to SH-03 with
length of 3.43 Km and also passing through the mine site. This haul road will be maintain by its
annual maintenance cost is 1.0 Lakhs per annum, which will be utilized from the EMP budget the PP.
A map (Figure-10.1)is also enclosed showing the existing network of road and the proposed
motorable road. Under the afforestation plan, plantation in nearby villages and connecting roads
will be done. The implementation for development of greenbelt will be of paramount importance as
it will not only add up as an aesthetic value but will also act as a pollution sink. The species to be
grown in the areas will be dust tolerant and fast growing species. Plantation in the roads is
necessary as these areas will contain fine particulates resulting from mineral transportation
activity. Plantation will also be carried out as social forestry program in village, school and the areas
allocated by the Panchayat/State authorities. Native plants like Neem, Peepal, and other local
species will be planted. A suitable combination of trees that can grow fast and have good leaf cover
shall be adopted to develop the greenbelt. It is proposed to plant 5000 Nos. of native species along
with some fruit bearing and medicinal trees per annum. The greenbelt development program is
given in Table-10-1.
10.7.3 General guidelines for Greenbelt Development
1. Trees having more height are being planted.
2. Trees will be planted along roadsides, to arrest auto-exhaust and noise pollution
3. Since tree trunks are normally devoid of foliage (up to 3 m), it will be appropriate to have
shrubbery in form of such trees to give coverage to this portion.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 126
4. Fast growing trees with thick perennial foliage will be grown, as it will take many years for
trees to grow to their full height.
5. In order to facilitate the proper growth of vegetation, limited measures involving
preparation of seedbed with suitable amount of fertilizers and treatment with mulches will
be taken.
Vegetation covers in and around the mine workings generally helps in:
i. Stabilizing erodible slopes to minimize pollution.
ii. Control of dust.
iii. Enhancement of aesthetic value.
iv. Maximizing evapo-transpiration, which helps minimizing run off.
v. Reducing noise.
MODUS OPERANDI:-
The plantation shall be done in three phases:-
1. Land Shaping :- The surface of the land is shaped in to terraces and slops for providing micro
catchments for rain water or half moon terraces technique. The plantation will be done in auger
holes or manual holes of 15 - 20 Cm diameter and one meter depth. The auger holes were filled
up with necessary growing medium consisting of a mixture of fine sand, farm yard manure and
top soil in equal proportions .
2. Soil Profile Modification:- The plantation will be done in auger holes or manual holes of 15 Cm
diameter and one meter depth. The auger holes were filled up with necessary growing medium
consisting of a mixture of fine sand, farm yard manure and top soil in equal proportions. It is
expected that the harvested rain water stored in auger holes would keep routes on moisture to
an optimum level.
3. Plantation:- The Planting of a mixture of tree used as top feed, shrubs used for annual browsing
and nitrogen fixation, and grasses used for land stabilization and animal grazing is appropriate.
The trees and shrubs were planted at 3m x 3 m spacing. The mixture of trees, shrubs and
grasses enhances soil fertility stability and at the same time are agriculturally useful. Based on
the growth performance the plant species proposed for plantation are Neem, Khejadi, babool
bushes. This plantation will give successful progression in terms of species richness evenness
and diversity.
COSTING:
Cost of Fencing / tree guarding for 8 ha:- 10,0000/- (approximate)
Cost of land shaping:- Rs 12000 per Hectare
Cost of Soil Profile Modification:- Rs 20000 per Hectare
Cost of Plantation: - Rs 30000 per hectare
Cost of watering round the year:- 150000/- (Approximate)
Further, the company will provide all the facilities required for ensuring security and sustainability
of plantation.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 127
TIME SCHEDULING:
Two hectare of the land Area proposed for plantation shall be shaped every year in order to ensure
plantation in 8 hectares as approved by environmental clearance.
500 plants shall be planted per year in order to ensure its steady growth and also comply with the
plant density of 1000 plants per hectare.
Considering the extreme chilly night conditions in western Rajasthan; it is also proposed to replace
old died plants, where necessary.
The plantation will be done every year during rainy season (July-September); as this is the
favorable time for growth of vegetation in the area.
Beside this, we agree to do plantation outside the lease area in order to maintain ambient air quality
around the industry depending upon the availability of water and where the government too do not
have any objection. Thus we will try to achieve green belt development in 33% of the area.
PLANTATION PROGRAMME:-
Year Detail of plantation
Proposed Area Under Plantation
Up to March 2019 (Actual Plantation) 28000 35.00 Ha 2019-20 (Proposed Plantation) 5000 6.00 Ha 2020-21 (Proposed Plantation) 5000 6.00 Ha 2021-22 (Proposed Plantation) 5000 6.00 Ha
Total 53.00 Ha
Total Lease area - 250.53 Ha.
Area Put to use under Mining – 155.60 Ha.
Area under Green Belt - 53 Ha.
% of Total Area put to use under mining 53/155.60*100 = 34%
Thus the condition of plantation covering minimum 33% of the area put to use under mining is
being complied.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 128
Figure 10-2: Plantation done by FCI Aravali Gypsum And Minerals Ltd.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 129
Figure 10-3: Surface plan showing Plantation
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 130
10.8 CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY (CER)
Proposed CER Activities - Apart from the various environmental protection measures, the
project proponent is conscious of its social responsibility and as any good corporate citizen, and
the detail for the same is given in chapter 8.
10.9 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR)
Being an existing mine near Village Kaoni, M/s FCI aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Limited
has been doing the social works towards its corporate social responsibilities since very long.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a Strategic Business Management concept through
which a company integrates social & environmental concerns in their business operations and
can achieve a balance of economic, environmental & social imperatives. Furthermore, at the
same time attends to the expectations of shareholders & stakeholders. Through it the company
can make valuable contribution to poverty reduction. The CSR refers to responsibility of a
company to ensure positive impact on environment, consumers, employees, communities,
stakeholders and all other members of public sphere. In India, it is comparatively a new but
rising concept and the companies are going through the learning curve. The CSR activities are
increasingly being taken up by the project proponents not only as fulfilling of mandatory
provisions but also for formation and enhancement of brand image. Besides all, CSR is seen
more as a responsibility towards society rather than a business philosophy. It is the need of the
time for expansion of occupational welfare. Keeping in mind these codes of belief, the project
proponent have done various CSR activities in last few years and currently identified some
activities to undertake for the benefits of the people living in the study area. This will not only
improve the socio-economic status of the people but also enhance the reputation of the project
proponent among the community. The following activities with budgetary allocation have been
taken up for the benefits of the local community for the year 2017-18 along with some activities
approved for year 2018-19 and previously done CSR activities for the benefits of the society in
different years.
Table 10-2:Details of CSR activities for the year 2016-2020
Year Work Done Amount Spent in CSR Work
2016-17 Education Facilities in Govt. School 6.6 lakhs
2017-18 Education Facilities in Govt. School 7.5 lakhs
Water facility in village 2.75 lakhs
2018-19 Education Facilities in Govt. School 4.56 lakhs
2019-20
(Proposed &
Approved)
Sanitation Facilities for girls in Govt.
School, Kaoni, Bikaner
1.94 lakhs
Drinking water Facilities in Govt. School,
20 JMD, Bikaner
0.37 lakhs
Education infrastructure in Govt. School,
Basti, Bikaner
4.37 lakhs
Health care, PBM Hospital, Bikaner 4.97 lakhs
10.10 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
Already described in chapter 7 (item no 7.7).
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 131
10.11 COST OF EMP MEASURES
Followingprovisionsareproposedtobetakenforimproving,controllingandmonitoringof
environment protection measures. Managing Director will also be monitor the related concerns
and its implementation.
Table 10-3: Environmental Management Plan
S. No. Particular Capital Cost (in Lakhs) Recurring Cost in Lakhs
One time cost
1. Dust Suppression 0.0 1.50
2. Environmental Monitoring – Air,
Water, Noise and Soil
0.0 1.00
3. Haul road Maintenance 0.0 1.00
4. Waste water treatment and
solid waste treatment
0.50 0.20
7. Rainwater recharging 0.50 0.30
Total 1.00 4.00
5.00
10.12 DETAILS OF RAINWATER HARVESTING
Rainwater harvesting is the accumulation and deposition of rainwater for reuse on-site, rather
than all owing it to runoff. Rainwater can be collected from surface runoffs or roofs, and in many
places the water collected is redirected to a deep pit (well, shaft, or borehole), a reservoir with
percolation, or collected from dew or fog with nets or other tools. Depending upon the available
contours at detailed engineering stage, the number of drainage outfall and extent of open drains
etc. will be designed so as to discharge the water to the rainwater harvesting pond for reuse in
dust suppression & greenbelt development. The calculation of rainwater endowment is
presented here which shows the total rain water harvesting potential of the plant area.
Design of Rain water recharge structure
Three most important components, which need to be evaluated for designing a rainwater
harvesting structure, are
Hydrogeology of the area including nature and extent of aquifer, soil cover, topography,
depth to water table and quality of ground water.
Area contributing to runoff i.e., total area and land use pattern, whether industrial,
residential or green belts and general built up pattern of the area
Hydro-meteorological characters viz. rainfall duration, general pattern of intensity of
rainfall.
In order to design the recharge structure, hourly intensity of rainfall is considered to be 25
mm/hr has been taken into account and the details are tabulated below.
Based on the Runoff Coefficient the water harvesting potential of a site could be estimated using
the formula given below:
Water harvesting potential in m3/year = Annual Rainfall (m) x Area of catchment (m2) x
Runoff coefficient
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 132
Table 10-4: Data Assumed and/or Available for Rain water harvesting
S. No. Details Values
1. Roof top Area (Plant &Storage area + Administrative offices, canteen,
security) (m2)
-
2. Paved Area (Entrance+ Roads+ drainages) (m2) -
3. Open Land Area m2 2505300
4. Average Annual rainfall (mm) for Bikaner District & surrounding areas
(Source: Indian Metrological Dept.)
277
5. Hourly Rainfall intensity (mm) 0.031
6. Runoff coefficient for roof top 0.80-0.90 0.85
7. Runoff coefficient for yard & paved area 0.60-0.65 0.6
8. Runoff coefficient for open land 0.10-0.15 0.15
Table 10-5: Water Quantity of Runoff Water
S. No. Details Calculation(Annual Rainfall
(m)x Area(m2)x Run-off coefff.
Total Runoff (m3
per Annum)
1. Roof top Area - -
2. Paved Area - -
3. Open Land (m2) (0.277 x 2505300 x 0.15) 104095
Total Runoff water quantity/annum (m3/year) 104095
Table 10-6: Hourly runoff
S. No. Details Calculation(Hourly Rainfall (m)x Area(m2) x Run-off coefff.
Total Runoff (m3 per Annum)
1. Roof top Area - - 2. Paved Area - - 3. Open Land Area (m2) (0.000052 x 2505300 x 0.15) 19.54
Total Runoff water quantity/annum (m3/year) 19.54
Quantum of Rainwater recharge through individual recharge Structure:
1). Volume of water within free Board (Settlement Chamber)
=1m x 1 m x 2m =4 m3
2). Volume of water in Gypsum filled Part
i.e. Volume of water within the pore spaces of Gypsum filled part @35%.
= 2m x 2 m x 2m x 0.35 = 2.8m3
3).Recharge well:
Diameter of bore: 154 mm
Diameter of well: 100 mm
Depth of recharge well: It will depend upon the granular zone and depth of water table. Annular
space will be provided with artificial mineral pack.
Volume of water in Recharge Well through which recharge will be done
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 133
Intake capacity of recharge well= 36000 lph = 36 m3/hr.
Therefore, Total volume to be recharge through an individual structure will be
= (4+2.8+36)= 42.8 m3/hr
= 19.54/42.8= 0.45 rain water structures
Thus, the rainwater recharging pit can accommodate 42.8 m3/hr of the rain water.
Therefore, 1 rainwater harvesting structure require to accommodate the total quantum of
runoff.
10.13 CONSERVATION PLAN FOR SCHEDULED FAUNA IN THE STUDY AREA
10.13.1 Introduction
Special measures to conserve/protect the rare and endangered species must be taken in the
scenario of present progressive approach of development. It is also mandatory through EIA to
take special care for such faunal species which are found in the study area. Therefore, this
conservation plan has been developed to understand RET faunal species found the study area
better and to provide appropriate guidance to the project proponent to enhance their
protection.
10.13.2 Status of Biodiversity in the Study Area
A primary survey of the project site (in core area and within the 10 km radius of the project site)
was done during the month of Dec, 2018 to Feb, 2019.
During the primary survey, no Schedule-I species of fauna was observed in the study area,
however, discussion with forest officials, villagers indicated presence of 9 Schedule - I species in
the vicinity of the project site. Out of 15 mammals, species 5 species are listed in Sch-I category
i.e. Caracal caracal (Caracal), Felis silvestris (Desert cat), Gazella bennettii (Chinkara), Manis
crassicaudata (Indian pangolin), Mellivora capensis (Honey badger). Out of 5 reptile species 2
species are listed in Sch-I i.e. Varanus bengalensis (Monitor lizard), Varanus griseus (Desert
monitor). Out of 20 avian species 2 species are listed in Sch-I, i.e. Ardeotis nigriceps (Great Indian
bustard) Pavo cristatus (Indian peafowl).
Hereafter, a brief description on all these species has been provided and then conservation
measures are suggested.
10.13.3 Description of Schedule-I species
(A) Mammals
1. Local Name: Caracal
Scientific Name: Caracal caracal
Taxonomical Classification:
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Felidae
Genus: Caracal
Species: caracal
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 134
Distribution: It is widely distributed from Arabia to Central India. In South Africa, caracal is
found in Sahara but rare in North Africa. In India, it occurs in western India mainly in Thar
Desert and Kutch of Gujarat.
Habit and Habitat:
Caracal, a kind of wild cat (Caracal caracal), is a rare species in India. It is locally called as Jungle
Bilao or Wildcat, which has elongated black tufted ears. Caracals are slender, medium-sized cats
with long powerful legs and tufted ears. Caracals have consistent reddish and sandy colored
outer coat without any pattern. Indian Caracals can weigh between five and eighteen kilograms,
having a sleek mid-section and a short tail. Caracals have a gestation period of 10-11 weeks and
the average litter size is three kittens. The average life span of a caracal in the wild is around
twelve years to seventeen years.
The long tufts are the sensitive hair on the ears that help them detect vibrations. Caracals prefer
the more scrubby, arid habitats. In India Caracals are mostly found in the tropical dry deciduous
and tropical thorn and shrub forests of Central and Western India. These cats are expert in
catching birds by leaping high into the air and their prey varies from rodents, hares, birds,
reptiles to small antelopes such as Chinkara and Blackbuck.
Breeding Season: November to May
Threats: Primary reasons being the rapid loss of scrub and thorn habitat and unchecked human
activates in the caracals habitat. This species is already reported to be extinct in Madhya
Pradesh. These cats are seen occasionally in Rajasthan and Gujarat states.
Conservation Status: The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists and their
survival in India is also endangered. The conservation status of caracal populations is not
clear across most of the range, but the Asiatic population is threatened and listed in CITES
appendix. In India it is notified under the Sch-I of WPA, 1972.So far no special conservation
measures have been taken specific to this species. An overall restrictions and reservations of the
natural habitats under various schemes will also help this species to thrive in wild.
References:
Avenant, N.L.; Nel, J.A.J. (1998). "Home-range use, activity, and density of caracal in relation
to prey density". African Journal of Ecology. 36 (4): 347–59. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-
2028.1998.00152.x.
Mukherjee, S.; Goyal, S. P.; Johnsingh, A. J. T.; Pitman, M. R. P. L. (2004)."The importance of
rodents in the diet of jungle cat (Felis chaus), caracal (Caracal caracal) and golden jackal
(Canis aureus) in Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, India"(PDF).Journal of Zoology.262 (4):
405–411.
2. Local Name: Wild cat/Desert cat
Scientific Name: Felissil vestris
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Taxonomical Classification:
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Felidae
Subfamily: Felinae
Genus: Felis
Distribution: The European wildcat (Felissilvestris) is distributed The Wild Cat lives in forests
of Western, Central and Eastern Europe, as well as in Scotland and Turkey. The African Wild Cat
is found in deserts and savannas of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula over a wide geographical
area that ranges from West Europe to central India, including Africa.
Habit and Habitat: Wildcats are normally active at night, dusk or dawn, but can also be active
during the day, especially in areas where there are not many humans. Asiatic wildcats often
active during the day but sometimes in night too. They often travel far at night seeking prey.
They are mainly solitary, except during the mating period. Within its own territory, the wildcat
deposits scent marks at different sites, and they may also leave visual markers on trees by
scratching them as well as leaving scent through glands on its paws. They shelter in the hollows
of fallen or old trees, rock fissures, and nests or earths that have been abandoned by other
animals. Small rodents (mice, rats and voles) are the primary prey of the wildcat, followed by
birds (especially waterfowl such as ducks, galliformes, passerines and pigeons), dormice, hares
and insectivores.
Breeding Season: January to March
Threats: Habitat loss and persecution by humans caused the dramatic decline of this species
in Europe in the 18thto mid20thcenturies. Today, the main threats are hybridization, disease
transmission, and competition with feral domestic cats. These days Habitat loss including low
prey availability has become major survival threat for this species.
Conservation Status: Conservation of the European wildcat (Felis silvestris) in Mediterranean
environments: A reassessment of current threats. The wildcat (Felis silvestris) is considered as a
"strictly protected" species under current European legislation. In India it is notified under the
Sch- I of WPA, 1972.
References:
Nowell, K.; Jackson, P. (1996)."African Wildcat Felis silvestris, lybicagroup (Forster, 1770)".
Wild Cats: status survey and conservation action plan. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN/SSC Cat
Specialist Group. pp. 32−35.Archived from the original on 2016-03-03.Retrieved 2011-11-26.
Lozano, J.; Moleón, M.; Virgós, E. (2006)."Biogeographical patterns in the diet of the wildcat,
Felis silvestris, Schreber, in Eurasia: factors affecting the trophic diversity". Journal of
Biogeography.33 (6): 1076−1085. http://animalia.bio/wildcat#habits
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3. Local Name: Chinkara
Scientific Name: Gazella bennettii
Taxonomical Classification:
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Artiodactyla
Family: Bovidae
Subfamily: Antilopinae
Genus: Gazella
Species: Bennettii
Distribution: Chinkara is a deer species found in the South Asian countries and Western
Central India. In Afghanistan Chinkara were always rare whereas this species has reduced
drastically in Pakistan and Iran due to uncontrolled hunting. In India, the Chinkara is found in
the plains and low hills of Punjab, Rajasthan, Central India and the Deccan Plateau.
Habit and Habitat: The Indian Gazelle generally prefers to live in the grasslands, dry scrub
areas, desert, and semi – desert, sand dunes, open woodlands and dry areas. They are generally
found in areas with an annual rainfall of 150 to 750 mm.
Breeding Season: August to October
Threats: The Chinkara is threatened by extensive hunting for meat and trophies in Afghanistan,
Iran and Pakistan. In Indian context, the hunting is not now a major threat to this species but
habitat losses is a serious issue due to agricultural and industrial expansion.
Conservation Status: The Chinkara is maintained in over 80 protected areas in India. In
January 2016, the Karnataka government issued a notification to establish a sanctuary
especially for Chinkara in the Yadahalli village in the Bagalkot district of the state. This region
shelters a major population of Chinkara. Moreover, this species is also protected in five areas of
Pakistan and nine areas in Iran.
References:
Mallon, D. P. (2008)."Gazella bennettii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.Version 2017-
3.International Union for Conservation of Nature.
Chinkara, Chinkara Gazelle, Indian Gazelle, Ravine-Deer". Mammals' Planet.Retrieved 17
December 2016.
4. Local Name: Indian pangolin
Scientific Name: Manis crassicaudata
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Taxonomical Classification:
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Pholidota
Family: Manidae
Genus: Manis
Species: Crassicaudata
Distribution: There are several species of the pangolin distributed throughout the Asian and
African countries.In India, it is found in the Western Ghats, Nilgiri mountains and forest of
Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha and Chhattisgarh. Distribution of Indian Pangolin is recorded up to
1,540 m elevation Indian Pangolin is found in different kinds of habitats such as grasslands,
rainforest and arid zones as well. Rajasthan and Gujarat are two states where it is found in the
wild arid/semi-arid habitats.
Habit and Habitat: The species can survive in a wide variety of habitats like open land,
grasslands, degraded habitats or even arid zones where ant and termite are sufficiently
available. Pangolin has very long and narrow tongue that can come out and go back with a very
fast pace and using this it eats on the eggs, larvae and adults of anta and termites and other
small insects.
Breeding Season: January, March, July, November
Threats: There are several reasons behind the dwindling population and the foremost is its low
offspring producing rate as it produces only a single offspring per year that cannot replenish the
loss from poaching as a part of international trade. This species is harvested for local
consumption and medicinal purposes by trapping, netting and snaring. Habitat loss and
degradation due to expansion of agriculture, alteration of habitat due to plantations, non-timber
plantations, and increase in human settlements and construction of dams, forest fires and pest
control practices are other causes that do not allow this species to flourish well in wild.
Conservation Status: The Indian Pangolin is categorized as “Endangered” according to IUCN
Red List of Threatened Species and listed in Appendix-I of (The Convention on International
Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). The Indian Pangolin is also a scheduled-I
species in WPA, 1972 and completely prohibited for hunting by law and punishment.
References:
Mohapatra, R. K.; Panda, S. (2013). "Behavioural sampling techniques and activity pattern of
Indian Pangolin Manis crassicaudata (Mammalia: Manidae) in captivity". Journal of
Threatened Taxa.5 (17): 5247–5255.
Mohapatra, R. K.; Panda, S. (2), (2014) "Husbandry, behaviour and conservation breeding of
Indian pangolin," Folia Zoologica 63.
Latafat, K.; Sadhu, A. (2016). "First Photographic Evidence of Indian Pangolin (Manis
crassicaudata, E. Geoffroy, 1803) in Mukundara Hills Tiger Reserve (MHTR), Rajasthan, India".
Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society.113 (21–22).
https://www.wwfindia.org/about_wwf/priority_species/threatened_species/indian_pangolin
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5. Local Name: Honey badger
Scientific Name: Mellivora capensis
Taxonomical Classification:
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Mustelidae
Genus: Mellivora
Species: Capensis
Distribution: Honey badgers are native to areas of Africa and Asia, from southern Morocco to
Africa's southern tip, and western Asia's Caspian Sea, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Nepal, and
western India. This species is also had a good presence in India but now becoming rare.Honey
badgeris sighted in forests of Cauvery at Karnataka.
Habit and Habitat: They live mainly in dry areas but are also found in forests and grasslands of
the Indian states Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra.
Breeding Season: September to December
Threats: There seems no direct threat to this species other than intentional or unintentional
killing by farmers and apiculturists to protect their assets. Other indirect threat includes the
habitat loss due to various anthropological activities.
Conservation Status: The IUCN Red List identifies the species as "Least Concern" because,
although the population is declining however, in India it is recognized as schedule-I species
under WPA, 2972. In India there are several conservation/ reserve area which are also
providing protected habitat to the Honey badger e.g. Malai Mahadeshwara Wildlife Sanctuary,
Karnataka, Biligiriranganatha Swamy Temple Wildlife Sanctuary, and Karnataka.
Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu Sathyamangalam and Tadoba Andhari Tiger
Project, Maharashtra.
References:
Do Linh San, E., Begg, C., Begg, K. & Abramov, A.V. (2016). "Mellivora capensis". The IUCN Red
List of Threatened Species. IUCN: e.T41629A4521010.doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-
1.RLTS.T41629A45210107.en
Mohammed, A. H. S., Haider, S. K., & Salman, R. A. (2014).Morphological study of the lingual
papillae in Mellivora capensis tongue. Journal of US-China Medical Science, 11(1), 42-46.
(B) Reptiles
1. Local Name: Monitor lizard (Goh)
Scientific Name: Varanus bengalensis
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Taxonomical Classification: Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Reptilia Order: Squamata Family: Varanidae Genus: Varanus Subgenus: Empagusia Species: Bengalensis
Distribution:
Monitor lizards have different kind of subspecies which are distributed over the vast area of
globe from Africa, Indian Sub-continent, China, South-east Asia, Thailand, Brunei, Indonesia, the
Philippines, New Guinea, and Australia even in the islands of the Indian Ocean and South China
Sea.
Habit and Habitat:
Bengal Monitor lizards are diurnal and carnivorous with diverse feeding behaviors including
carnivorous predating nature sometimes. Diets of various species of monitor lizards include
fruit, invertebrates, mammals, birds, fish and carrion. Monitor lizards inhabit jungles, coastal
forests and areas close to the rivers. In some parts of the world, monitor lizards are kept as
house pets.
Breeding Season: June to September
Threats: Reptilian species are declining very fast rate over the entire globe but there is not an
evident and direct cause other than the climate change and habitat loss that directly affects the
various kind of prey species and in turn affects the reptiles severely.
Conservation Status: Most of the monitor lizard species are in Red List IUCN. In India it is
notified under the Sch-I of WPA, 1972
References:
Auffenberg, W. 1983 Courtship behaviour in Varanus bengalensis. In Advances in Herpetology
and Evolutionary Biology: Essays in Honor of Ernest E. Williams (Rhodin & Myata eds.): 535-
551.
Auffenberg, W. 1983.The burrows of Varanus bengalensis. Rec. Zool. Surv. India 80: 375-385.
2. Local Name: Desert Monitor
Scientific Name: Varanus griseus
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Taxonomical Classification:
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Family: Varanidae
Genus: Varanus
Subgenus: Psammosaurus
Species: Griseus
Distribution: The desert monitor, Varanus griseus, is widely dispersed through North Africa,
India, South West Asia, and Pakistan, as well as throughout Central Asia. The desert monitor’s
original range spanned Gujarat, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi and Haryana.
Habit and Habitat: The species is distributed mainly in the lower elevations, and is found both
in dry semiarid desert habitats to moist forest. The diet of the Caspian monitor is similar to that
of the nominate race. In many areas they feed on hatchling tortoises which emerge in the spring
and excavate and consume tortoise eggs which are laid in May. They also eat small mammals,
including the giant gerbil and young hares.
Breeding Season: May and June
Threats: The main causes of reduction of the quantity, reduction and fragmentation of habitat
of grey monitor lizard are anthropogenic transformation and destruction of its habitat, deaths
on the road by a car, the chase and extermination by human because of traditionally negative
attitude to it from the most of the local population.
Conservation Status: Indian desert monitor Varanus griseus is the least common of the
wild/desert lizards found in India and notified under the Sch–I of WPA, 1972. There is an urgent
need to understand habitat attributes and identification of conservation priorities areas of
this endangered species.
References:
Bennett, D. (1995). Desert Monitor, Grey Monitor, A Little Book of Monitor Lizards, Viper
Press.
Gale Group (2001). Desert Monitor’’Archived 2012-04-25 at the Way back Machine.
https: //www.rufford.org/files/19111-2%20Detailed%20Final%20Report.pdf
(C) Avian Species
1. Local Name: Great Indian Bustard
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Scientific Name: Ardeotis nigriceps
Taxonomical Classification:
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Otidiformes
Family: Otididae
Genus: Ardeotis
Species: Nigriceps
Distribution: This species was formerly well known to found in Indian subcontinent i.e. India
and Pakistan. In India, the bird was found in Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh,
Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Tamil
Nadu but unfortunately this bird has now reached near to extinct level.
Habit and Habitat: The Great Indian Bustard, one of the heaviest flying birds, can weigh up to
15 kg and grow up to one meter in height. It is considered the flagship grassland species,
representing the health of the grassland ecology. The habitat where it is most often found is arid
and semi-arid grasslands, open thorn scrub, tall grass interspersed with cultivation. It avoids
irrigated areas. The major areas where they are known to breed are in central and western
India and eastern Pakistan. The great Indian bustard is omnivorous feeding on seeds, crops,
berries and cereals. They also feed on large insects, rodents, small birds and reptiles
Breeding Season: March and September
Threats: There are several kinds of threats to Great Indian Bustard. Most recognized threats are
degradation and disturbance in existing grassland habitat due to overgrazing, hunting, lack of
awareness and support from local communities and hunting by feral dogs.
Conservation Status:
It is now in the Critically Endangered list of the IUCN and also listed in the CMS Convention, and
CITES Appendix I, to both of which India is a signatory. After suffering neglect for decades, the
Indian bustard species is now getting protection at several levels. Now, it has got the highest
protection status as it is listed in Schedule-I of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act. Great Indian
Bustard has been identified as one of the species for recovery programmed under the Integrated
Development of Wildlife Habitats (Centrally Sponsored Scheme) of the Ministry of Environment
and Forests, Government of India, 2009.Later, It is now found in six states of India, and all these
states have taken some kind of conservation measures by declaring protected areas such as
Karera Bustard Sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh, Rollapadu Wildlife Sanctuary in Andhra Pradesh
and Jawahar Lal Nehru Bustard Sanctuary (Nannaj) in Maharashtra.
References:
Dutta, S; AR Rahmani; YV Jhala (2010). "Running out of time? The great Indian bustard
Ardeotis nigriceps—status, viability, and conservation strategies". European Journal of
Wildlife Research.57 (3): 615. doi: 10.1007/s10344-010-0472-z
Kumar Sambhav Shrivastava (6 June 2013). "Rajasthan announces Project Great Indian
Bustard". Down To Earth.
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2. Local Name: Indian Peafowl
Scientific Name: Pavo cristatus
Taxonomical Classification:
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Galliformes
Family: Phasianidae
Genus: Pavo
Species: Cristatus
Distribution: The Indian peafowl is commonly found in Indian subcontinent and mainly in the
Central India as well as Sri Lanka.
Habit and Habitat: It is found in moist and dry-deciduous forests, but can adapt to live in
cultivated regions and around human habitations also. Peafowl is omnivorous, feeds on grain,
green crops, insects, small reptiles and small mammals also.
Breeding Season: Mostly breed in rainy season from April to August
Threats: The Indian peafowl population is facing threat of several kinds. Some direct threats
are demand for feathers and wild meat, conflict with farmers during cropping season, increased
use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, habitat degradation mainly due habitat fragmentation
due to agriculture and industrial growth. Other possible causes are poisoning to counter crop
damage, consumption of eggs and fat extracts for alleged medicinal values, killing for wild meat,
death by eating chemically treated agricultural crop seeds.
Conservation Status: Peafowl is the National Bird of India. In India it is notified under the Sch-I
of WPA, 1972 which protects these birds from killing and illegal trade. Now this bird is
considered flourishing well.
References:
Bird Life International (2012)."Pavo cristatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
Version 2013.
International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
Petrie M, Krupa A, Burke T (1999). "Peacocks lek with relatives even in the absence of
social and environmental cues". Nature. 401 (6749): 155–157. Bibcode:
1999Natur.401.155P.doi: 10.1038/43651.
Conservation Plan/Measures
A total of 9 Schedule-I species are reported from the study area. As per the description and
status of these species there are some common threats to these species which are; habitat loss,
illegal hunting and less awareness towards the conservation and importance of the endangered
species. However, there is no high degree disturbance to the biodiversity is supposed due to the
proposed mining activity as this site is located in dessert where very scanty vegetation is found,
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still, few recommendations of the preventive nature are recommended to protect the nature
while enhancing its attributes, as follows:
1. Development of green belt along the boundary as well as along the road sides of the project
area. This will minimize the impact of noise and dust if any being produced. A list of the
suitable plant species has been provided in the Table 10-2.
2. The project area shall be strictly used for only the activities permitted. The boundary of the
leased area will be marked prior to start of work at the site. The workers must be instructed
to not to enter in the adjoining forest. Project Proponent must instruct all the workers not to
harm or kill any animal, and also they must not cut trees for their various needs.
3. Few measures to support the survival of the recognized RET species also expedite in the
surroundings of the projects site i.e.
Identification of green pockets with the presence of Pangolin, Honey badger and other
RET species must be exercised. Such patches must be demarked and protected from
any kind of disturbance. Moreover, the greenery in these patches must be enhanced by
plantation of the native wild trees and shrubs. This will provide the enhance shelter
and prey availability to the concerned species.
Development of tree groves in surrounding villages along with barren lands or
degraded forest patches will be expedited in the buffer zone. Local species of trees and
shrubs are recommended for this purpose. These small green patches provide shelter
and habitat for all kind of wild birds, reptiles, amphibians, butterflies and mammals.
Tree groves near villages must be improved with plantation and then maintained.
Habitat improvement work with plantation of trees and shrubs must be carried out.
Increase the tree cover in the buffer area will provide required shelter and roosting of
peacocks and other birds. The selection of plant species will be based on requirements
of species. Tree species such as Amaltash, Neem, Sirsi and Peepal trees etc.are
recommended for peafowl whereas shrubs/bushes like Crotalaria burhia, Ziziphus
nummularia, Maytenus emarginata and Prosopis cineraria etc. are good for the great
Indian bustard.
Some small water pits should be dug and kept filled by tankers and also with rain water
harvesting. This will provide the water for drinking to the all kinds of birds and
animals. Moreover, the ponds in the study area must be cleaned, repaired and filled.
1. Awareness program among the local people should be organized to make them understand
the importance of wildlife and not to perform any poaching or killing of animals. People
must be educated to protect plants and animals. Villagers must be aware of the endangered
species.
2. Celebration of ‘Wildlife Week’, ‘Van Mahotsav’ and ‘Environment Day’ etc. must be
popularized and organized with various public participation activities.
3. People must be educated and aware that speed of the vehicles must be in limit to avoid
accidents/ killing while passing such roads where wild animals usually cross sides.
4. The people living in the surrounding area and employee of the company would be motivated
towards the protection of the animal.
5. The concerned authorities must be informed immediately if any illegal poaching, illegal
trade or human- wild life conflict in the area is noticed.
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6. Project activity must not be carried out in night time as animals are sensitive to noise and
they also disturbed by lights. Measures for the dust and noise suppression should also be
practiced to avoid any disturbance to the wild life.
10.13.4 Budget for Conservation Plan
Table10-7: Budget for Conservation Plan S. No. Activities Cost in Lakh
1. Introduction of Agro forestry tree species in agriculture fields. 2.0
2. Plantation on barren lands or degraded forests or tree groves with maintenance cost
2.0
3. Creation of water pits, renovation of water bodies/ponds in the core area
5.0
4. Awareness program in village to protect & conserve the wildlife 1.0 Total 10.0
10.14 SUMMARY
As per Above discussion there is no major impact on the environment due to mining except
fugitive emission in the form of dust generated during handling of mineral. The adequate
preventive measures will be adopted to contain the various pollutants within permissible limits.
Plantation development will be carried out in the mine premises, along the approach roads,
around Govt. buildings, schools. The conservation plan suggested here is for scheduled
fauna(Animal and Bird) which will be implemented by the mining lease holder and the
budgetary provision is discussed and given in detail for the implementation of the same in the
area. It will prove an effective pollution mitigate technique, and help avoid soil erosion during
monsoon season. Employment opportunities will be provided to the locals only as providing
extraction of minerals from the mine site is the only prevailing occupation for them for their
livelihood.
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CHAPTER-11 : SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
11.1 GENERAL
The chapter discusses about the summary of whole EIA/EMP report along with
recommendation and conclusion. The proposed mining lease area falls in the Survey of India
Toposheet (OSM) No 44 H/4, 44H/3, 44D/15, 44D/14. The lease area is located Village-Kaoni,
Tehsil –Kolayat, District-Bikaner (Raj.) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and minerals India Ltd.
11.2 DETAILS OF THE PROJECT
S. No. Particulars Details A. Nature and Size of the
Project Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02,) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191cum/year OB by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd.
B. Location Name of Unit Khasra Number Area of Block in ha Kaoni Gypsum Mine 74,75,161/1,161/13,162,165/1,165
/2,166/1,131/5,131/6,131/7,131/8,131/12 to 131/16, 131/20 to 131/24
250.53
Total 250.53 Village Kaoni,
Tehsil Kolayat,
District Bikaner
State Rajasthan
Toposheet (OSM) No. 44 H/4, 44H/3, 44D/15, 44D/14 C. Lease Area Details Lease Area 250.53ha
Topography Flat terrain Site Elevation Range 170 mRL to 178 mRL Source: Mining Plan
D. Cost Details Cost of the project Rs. 42.74 Lakhs/-
Cost for EMP Rs. 5.00 Lakhs/Yr Cost for CER Rs. 0.42 Lakhs/Yr
OH&S Rs. 2.00 Lakhs/Yr
Cost For Biodiversity Conservation
Rs.10.00 Lakhs/-
E. Environmental Settings of the area Ecological Sensitive
Areas (National Park, Wild Life Sanctuary, Biosphere Reserve, Reserve/ Protected Forest etc.) within 10 Km radius
No such area is located within 10km radius of the mine lease area.
Seismic Zone Zone III
Water Body Indira Gandhi Canal approx 2.34 Km in E
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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11.3 INTRODUCTION
As per MoEF&CC notification S. O. 1530(E) dated 6.4.2018, our project falls under clause b
which is re-pronounced as-“fresh EC required for all project which were granted environmental
clearance under the EIA Notification, 1994, but not obtained environmental clearance for
expansion / modernization / amendment under the EIA Notification, 2006”.
11.4 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd. has been Applied for Environmental clearance
of Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha)
with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village–Kaoni,
Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan). The total gross geological reserves, have been
estimated as 8,52,227 MT. The total waste generated in next five year is 682589 m3. The mining
methodology adopted is open-cast mining. The ultimate depth of mining is 4.55m which will not
affect the ground water table which is 40-45m. The total water requirement for the project is
43.55 KLD. The total manpower requirement for the project is 31.
11.5 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Environmental data have been collected in relation to proposed mining for Air, Noise, Water,
Soil, Ecology and Biodiversity. The generation of primary data, as well as collection of secondary
data and information from the site and surroundings was carried out during winter Season, i.e.
December 2018 to February 2019. The EIA study is being done for the Mine Lease (core zone)
and area within 10 Km distance from the mine lease boundary (buffer zone), both of which
together comprise the study area.
Table 11-1: Baseline Environment Status
Parameter Baseline Status
Ambient Air Quality PM10–52.0 to 82.0µg/m3
PM2.5–30.0 to 48.0µg/m3
SO2–5.0 to 14.0µg/m3
NOx –17.6 to 30.0µg/m3
Noise Level Noise Level During Day Time –44.6 to 52.4 dB Noise Level During
Night Time -36.2 to 42.4 dB
Water Quality Surface Water: All the Parameters Like TDS (714 to 865 mg/L), pH
(7.48 to 7.53), Total Hardness (302 to 412 mg/L) etc. are found
within the permissible limits.
Soil Quality pH - 7.51 to 8.46, Texture –Sandy Loam, Organic Matter –1.08 to
1.42%
Ecology And
Biodiversity
There is no wildlife sanctuary/biosphere reserve/national park
present within 10 Km radius of the study area. Nine schedule-I
specie was observed during study. Subsequently, a budget of
Rs.10.00Lakhs has been earmarked for conservation of wildlife.
Socio Economic The existing project will provide positive impact to the nearby area.
The project will provide direct employment, which will be hired
through the nearby villages.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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Traffic The proposed project will not cause major impacts due to increase
in the PCU/hr which is 18 PCU/hr. The LOS study shows that the
existing traffic scenario is "Very good" and the free flow of vehicles
is observed during the study period. Due to the mine project the
traffic density will increase as the entire mineral will be transported
through the SH-03 under study and the value of LOS would remain
same i.e. Very good.
11.6 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
The proposed mining operations are not anticipated to raise the concentration of the
pollutants beyond prescribed limits. However, the mitigate measures are suggested to
control harmful impacts of pollutants, like the plantation of trees along haul roads,
especially near settlements, to help to reduce the impact of dust on the nearby villages;
regular water sprinkling on unpaved roads to avoid dust generation during transportation
etc. Some of impacts may be due to increase in the PCU/hr which is 18 PCU/hr. There are 9
species of Schedule I observed during the study period hence, for the same conservation
plan was prepared. Subsequently, a budget of Rs. 10 Lakhs has allotted for the conservation
of wildlife species. The mining of Gypsum is likely to increase the per capita income of local
people by which the socioeconomic status of the people will be improved. The local people
have been provided with either direct employments or indirect employment such as
business, contract works and development work like roads, etc. and other welfare amenities
such as medical facilities, conveyance, free education, drinking water supply etc. Except dust
generation, there is no source which can show a probability for health related diseases.
Regular water sprinkling will be done with sprinkles mounted tankers and dust masks will
be provided to the workers. All workers will be subjected to a medical examination as per
Mines Rule 1955 both at the time of appointment and at least once in a year. Medical camps
will be organized for this activity. Insurance for all employees as per the rules will also be
carried out.
11.7 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
We have analyzed all the option for alternatives of the Gypsum Mining Project. Since it is an
existing and mineral specific project therefore, analysis of alternative site is not applicable.
11.8 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
In order to maintain the environmental quality within the stipulated standards, regular
monitoring of various environmental components is necessary which will comply as per
conditions. For this the lessee M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd. has taken
the decision to formulate an Environment Policy of the mine and constitute an Environmental
Management Cell and committed to operate the proposed mine with the objectives mentioned
in approved Environment Policy. Monitoring may include socioeconomic interaction, through
local liaison activities or even assessment of complaints. Regular Monitoring of all the
environmental parameters viz., air, water, noise, SE,EB and soil, as per the formulated
program based on CPCB and MoEF&CC guidelines will be carried out every year. The location
of the monitoring stations was selected on the basis of prevailing micro meteorological
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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conditions of the area like; wind direction and wind speed, relative humidity, temperature. A
budget for monitoring of Air, water, Noise SE,EB and Soil will be Rs. 1.0 Lakhs per annum
which is to be incurred by the project proponent for undertaking pollution prevention
measures during the mining activity.
11.9 ADDITOINAL STUDIES
Public Hearing was held on 20.11.2019 at 11:00 am at venue Rajiv Gandhi Seva Kendra, Kaoni
under the chairmanship of Mr. A.H. Gauri, Additional District Collector, Bikaner, Rajasthan.
Risk assessments will help mine operators to identify high, medium and low risk levels. Risk
assessments will help to prioritize the risks and provide information on the need to safely
control the risks. In this way, mine owners and operators will be able to implement safety
improvements. Mining and allied activities are associated with several potential hazards to
both the employees and the public at large. A worker in a mine will be able to work under
conditions, which are adequately safe and healthy. At the same time, the environmental
conditions also will not impair his working efficiency. This is possible only when there is
adequate safety in mines. Hence, mine safety is one of the most essential aspects of any
working mine.
11.10 PROJECT BENEFIT
The management will recruit the semi-skilled and unskilled workers from the nearby villages.
The project activity and the management will definitely support the local Panchayat and
provide another form of assistance for the development of public amenities in this region. The
company management will contribute to the local schools, dispensaries for the welfare of the
villagers. It is proposed to plant 5000no's per annum in 6 ha area. The project proponent has
allocated Rs. 0.42 Lakhs per annum for CER Activities. The officers of the Rajasthan State
pollution control Board will strictly monitor the compliance of the lease holder in this regard.
11.11 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
As per above discussion there is no major impact on the environment due to mining of Gypsum
except fugitive emission in the form of dust generated during mining of its allied activity. The
adequate preventive measure will be adopted to contain various pollutants within permissible
limits. Plantation development will be carried out in the mine premises, along the approach
roads, around Govt. buildings, Schools. It will prove an effective pollution mitigation. Continuous
water sprinkling will be done to control fugitive dust emission.
11.12 Conclusion
From the baseline study and various above discussions on the probable impacts of all the
operational activity. It has been concluded that this project will cause more positive impacts and
will generate the revenue and employment in the area. On the above facts the baseline study,
this project is recommended for the commencement with proper mitigation measure as
suggested.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
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CHAPTER-12 : DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED 12.1 INTRODUCTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mantec Consultants Pvt. Ltd., established in 1979, is a multi-disciplinary consulting firm offering
infrastructural, environmental, management, technical and IT services.
Our team consists of technical and management experts coming from the top echelons of
various professional services. The in-house capabilities are augmented and strengthened by our
panel of associates who are well known experts in their respective fields.
We provide a complete range of environmental and social impact assessment services with an
expert In-house team of professionals and associates. Mantec is an ISO 9001:2015 & OHSAS
certified company, having a full-fledged Environmental Laboratory duly recognized by the
Ministry of Environment Forest & Climate Change (MoEF&CC) and accredited by NABL
(National Accreditation Board for Testing Calibration Laboratory). We are accredited by
NABET/QCI for conducting the EIA studies.
Commitment to excellence has been the company’s credo since the day of its inception and
forms the central emphasis in all our operations.
12.2 SERVICES OFFERED
We Mantec is providing various environmental services in more than 15 industries/sectors
including infrastructure, mining, irrigation, river valley projects, power plants, refineries, ports,
airports, highways, residential colonies, hazardous waste sites, forestry and rural development
projects etc.
1. Environmental Impact Assessment Studies
2. Environment Management Plans
3. Social Impact Assessment Studies
4. Rehabilitation and Resettlement Studies and Resettlement Action Plans
5. Safety Audits & Environmental Audits
6. Risk Analysis and Disaster Management Plans
7. Environmental Monitoring of Air, Water, Noise, Soil, Solid and Wastes
8. Environmental Monitoring of Industrial emissions, industrial effluents, ambient air etc.
9. Waste Water Management Both domestic (sewage) and industrial
10. Ground & Surface Water Treatment and Supply
11. Design and implementation of Wastewater Treatment Plants as well as Common Effluent
Treatment Plants
12. Studies on River, Lake and Forest ecosystems
13. Watershed and Waste land management
14. Solid Waste Management including Hazardous and Biomedical Waste Management
15. Oil Spill Response
16. Rehabilitation of Mines
17. Remote sensing and GIS survey
18.
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 150
12.3 LABORATORY FACILITY & EQUIPMENTS
Mantec Environmental Laboratory (Recognized by MoEF&CC and Accredited by NABL)
Monitoring & Analytical Capabilities for;
Ambient Air
Stack Gas emissions
Process and work zone
Indoor Air
Volatile organic compounds (VOC’s)
PAH’s in Ambient Air
Hydrocarbon in Ambient Air and Stack
Heavy metals in Ambient Air, water, Soil
Ultimate and proximate analysis. (C.H.N.S.O)
Air Modeling
Drinking Water, Raw Water and Process
Water Analysis
ETP and STP Water Analysis
Soil, Sludge and Hazardous Waste Analysis
Lab Equipments
Dust Samplers and PM2.5 Sampler
Stack Monitoring Kit
Organic Vapor Sampler
Non Dispersive Infrared
Spectrophotometer (NDIR)
Atomic Absorption
Spectrophotometer
Gas Chromatograph
UV Spectrophotometer
Flame Photometer
Mercury Analyser
COD Digester
Micro meteorological Station
ICP OES
ORSAT
CO Analyzer
Bacteriological Chamber
Digital Ultrasonic
Multigas Analyzer
12.4 ADDRESS & CONTACTS
Head Office
805 Vishal Bhawan, 95 Nehru Place, New Delhi, 110019.
Phone: 91-11-26429293/4/5 Fax: 91-11-26842531
E-Mail: [email protected]
Environment Division, D-36, Sector-VI, Noida- 210 301
Email: [email protected], Ph: 0120 – 4215804, 4215000 Fax: 0120 – 4215809
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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12.5 ESTEEMED CLIENTELE
1. BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS LIMITED
2. BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED 3. FCI ARAVALI GYPSUM AND
MINERALS INDIA LIMITED 4. HINDUSTAN PETROLEUM
CORPORATION LIMITED 5. INDIAN OIL CORPORATION
LIMITED 6. NTPC LIMITED 7. NATIONAL HYDROELECTRIC
POWER CORPORATION 8. INDIAN COUNCIL OF FORESTRY
RESEARCH AND EDUCATION 9. ISHIKA FERTILIZER LIMITED 10. JAI PRAKASH ASSOCIATES 11. JUBILANT AGRI AND CONSUMERS
PVT. LTD. 12. TATA CHEMICALS LIMITED 13. NATIONAL HIGHWAY AUTHORITY
OF INDIA 14. NATIONAL FERTILIZERS LIMITED 15. PUNJAB ALKALIES AND CHEMICALS
LTD. 16. RAJASTHAN STATE MINES AND
MINERALS INDIA LIMITED 17. MYSORE MINERALS LIMITED 18. KANDLA PORT TRUST 19. KARNATAKA POWER
CORPORATION LIMITED 20. KUMAON MANDAL VIKAS NIGAM
LIMITED 21. SAURASHTRA CHEMICALS
LIMITED, GUJARAT 22. UTTARAKHAND FOREST
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION 23. SUMAN ENTERPRISES 24. JAI YAMUNA JI DEVELOPERS 25. MARKANDESHWAR
CONSTRUCTION COMPANY 26. M.P. STATE MINING CORPORATION
LTD. 27. JINDAL MECTEC PVT. LTD. 28. HARYANA MINING CO. 29. ELDECO INFRASTRUCTURE 30. ANSAL PROPERTY &
INFRASTRUCTURE 31. DELHI STATE INDUSTRIAL AND
INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION (DSIIDC)
32. EXOTICA HOUSING LTD.
33. LOUIS BERGER GROUP 34. AMBUJA CEMENT 35. WAPCOS LTD.
36. INDIAN COUNCIL OF FORESTRY
RESEARCH AND EDUCATION 37. IL&FS TRANSPORTATION
NETWORK LTD. 38. THDC INDIA LTD. 39. MADHYA PRADESH ROAD
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION 40. VEDANTA RESOURCES 41. RAVI TAWI IRRIGATION COMPLEX,
GOVT. OF J&K 42. INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL
TECHNOLOGY 43. JHARKHAND ISPAT PVT LTD 44. KARNATAKA VETERINARY ANIMAL
AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY
45. ESSAR STEEL INDIA LTD. 46. WELCOME FOOTWEAR 47. COIM INDIA PVT. LTD. 48. HARYANA STATE ROADS AND
BRIDGES DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION LIMITED
49. ULTRATECH CEMENT LTD. 50. AXISCADES ENGINEERING
TECHNOLOGIES LTD. 51. INVESTIGATION DESIGN &
RESEARCH BOARD (IDRB), KERALA 52. WATER RESOURCE DEPARTMENT,
RAJASTHAN 53. BHARAT PETROLEUM
CORPORATION LIMITED 54. ADOR FONTECH LTD. 55. PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
DELHI 56. THE INDIAN EXPRESS 57. WATER RESOURCES DEPARTMENT,
GOVT. OF JHARKHAND 58. SUN PETRO CHEMICALS PVT.LTD. 59. TANCEM 60. FCI ARAVALI 61. SATLUJ JAL VIDYUT NIGAM (SJVN)
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
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12.6 OUR CREDENTIALS
Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd
Final EIA/EMP Report
Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 153