excerpt from the occult and the curative powers of precious stones by william t fernie

8/12/2019 Excerpt From the Occult and the Curative Powers of Precious Stones by William T Fernie

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Excerpt from The Occult and the Curative Powers of Precious Stones by William T Fernie M.D.

BLOODSTONE

SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION: Bloodstone is a member of the Chalcedony

family.It is a variety of quartz (silicon dioxide) often with some iron

and aluminum. The chemistry is SiO2. It is dark, bright green spotted

with red inclusions. The streak is white. This is considered a microcry-

stalline variety of quartz and is not found in crystal form.

ENVIRONMENT: Chalcedony is formed in several environments, generally

near the surface of the earth where temperatures and pressures are

relatively low. It commonly forms in the zone of alteration of lode and

massive hydrothermal replacement deposits and as bodies of chert in

chemical sedimentary rocks.

OCCURENCE: India, Germany.

NAME: This stone is also referred to as "heliotrope," which is derived

from two Greek words which signify "sun-turning". It was given this name

because of a notion that when immersed in water it would turn the sun

red. Chalcedony is derived from Chalcedon, an ancient Greek city of Asia

Minor.

LEGEND and LORE: This is one of the birthstones for March.


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"Who in this world of ours, her eyes

In March first opens, shall be wise.

In days of peril, firm and brave,

And wear a Bloodstone to her grave." (5)

Ancient warriors often carried an amulet of bloodstone which was

intended to stop bleeding when applied to a wound.

MAGICAL PROPERTIES: Because it is green, it can be used for "money

spells". It is also considered a "lucky" stone for atheletes because it

imparts courage and stamina.

HEALING: Heliotrope is used today in conjunction with anything having to

do with blood.

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE:I consider the ancient uses of bloodstone in line

with what I use it for today. In addition, I consider it a "cholesterol

buster", and wouldn't hesitate to apply it to any with this type of

problem. Generally I would use it at the Heart Chakra. I've also used it

successfully in situations where I needed "courage" to accomplish

something. I will just carry a piece of it in my pocket for this

purpose.

NOTE: Chrysoprase, carnelian, jasper and agate are all forms of

Chalcedony.


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-------bibliography-------

1. Scientific, Environment, Occurance and Name are from (or paraphrased

from) "The Audobon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and

Minerals".

2605

2. Legends and Lore, Magical Properties are from "Cunningham's En-

cyclopedia of Crystal, Gem & Metal Magic", by Scott Cunningham.

3. Some of the healing information may come from "Color and Crystals, A

Journey Through the Chakras" by Joy Gardner.

4. Personal Experience is from MY personal experience, journals and

notebooks, by Tandika Star.

5. Birthstone poem from "The Occult and Curative Powers of Precious

Stones" by William T. Fernie, M.D.

an interesting experiment (BLOODSTONE cont.)

.......................................................................-

This is more about bloodstone, but I didn't want to include it in the

main text. Read on, and you'll see why...


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A few years ago, I had a discussion with my daughter (who was about 13

at the time) about the "spiritual essence" of plants and stones. I

explained to her that different people "see" this spiritual essence in

various forms. Somehow, this led to a discussion of "devas", which she

interpreted as "people, but without a body that we can see with mundane

eyes."

A few days later, I was reading a novel, reposed on the sofa in my

livingroom. She was sitting on the floor by the coffee table, drawing

in her sketchbook with her pastels.

On the coffee table were several stones in a dish. One was an amethyst,

one a bloodstone, one was some yellow/green crystal that someone had

loaned to me because they wanted my "impressions" ...and there were some

others that I don't remember now.

I glanced over at my daughter, and she was holding one of the stones in

her hands, with her eyes closed. She apparently had achieved some form

of "altered state" because her little eyeballs were just wigglin' away

(REM).

A while later, I glanced over, and she was drawing a portrait. After she

seemed finished and satisfied with what she was doing, I questioned her

about it. She said she was drawing the "spirit/deva" of the stones in

the dish.


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The one for bloodstone was an elf-like, male person. He had dark/black

hair, green, slanted eyes, "Spock" eyebrows, and pointed ears. Because

of the expression on his face, I asked her what she thought of him. Her

comments were:

"He is very fierce. I'm kind of afraid of him, because it seems like he

is pretty strong and could get mad. He uses weapons...and can fight."

My daughter didn't know anything about the "lore" connected with the

stones. In addition, I found that "bloodstone" was very different from

any of the other "stone portraits" that she did...The rest were much

more "human"...

................................................................................

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BROWN (PICTURE) JASPER

SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION: Brown Jasper, sometimes called "picture" Jasper

because of the beautiful variations in coloring, is a type of Chal-

cedony. It is closely related to Quartz, with the chemistry of SiO2. The

color variations are from trace amounts of other minerals, usually iron

and aluminum. The hardness is 7.





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OCCURENCE: Montana, Utah and Wyoming are prolific locations for Brown

Jasper in the U.S. In addition, fine specimens have come from Brazil,

Uruguay and Egypt. Other colors and forms of Jasper are abundant in

California, Texas and Arkansas.

NAME: The name Chalcedony is from Chalcedon, an ancient Greek city of

Asia Minor.

LEGEND and LORE: Beautiful Jasper, with light and dark brown markings

was referred to as "Egyptian Marble". Various Native American tribes

used Jasper as a rubbing stone and some called it "the rain bringer".

MAGICAL PROPERTIES: Brown Jasper is balancing and grounding. This stone,

carved into an arrowhead, is worn to attract luck. It is a good stone to

use after completing a ritual to help you regain your center and become

grounded.

HEALING: Jasper is stabilizing. It will help to reduce insecurity, fear

and guilt.

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE: I use a piece of Montana Picture Jasper, which is

mostly brown and tan with a slight bit of sky or navy blue as a strong

grounding stone for those who have an excess of energy at the Splenic


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Chakra.I've also used the stone as a basis for a "journey"...The stone

looks like a scene of the Rocky Mountains. Finally, I've used Picture

Jasper as a psychological tool:I will ask someone who is "looking for an

answer" to gaze into the stone and describe all the symbols they see.

Then I work with the client to form the "symbols" into some sort of

answer.

NOTES: Agate, Jasper, Flint, Sardonyx, and onyx are all forms of

Chalcedony. In addition, particular colors of Chalcedony have specific

names, such as Heliotrope, Bloodstone, Chrysophrase and Moss Agate.


1. Scientific, Environment, Occurence and Name are from (or paraphrased


Minerals".





................................................................................

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CARNELIAN


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SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION:Carnelian is the clear red to brownish red member

of the Chalcedony family. It is a microcrystalline variety of Quartz(Si-

licone Dioxide) and may contain small amounts of iron oxides. The

hardness is 7, and the streak is white.






OCCURENCE: Fine carnelian comes from India and South America.

GEMSTONE INFORMATION:Carnelian is used as an alternate birthstone for

the month of May.It is normally cut into cabochons, engraved, or made

into seal stones or rounded, polished, and pierced for necklaces and

other items of jewelry.

NAME: The name means "flesh-colored", from [caro], meaning "genitive"

and [carnis], meaning "flesh".

LEGEND and LORE: Carnelian has long been associated with courage and

cleansing of the blood. It was beleived that the stone would improve

one's outlook, making the individual cheerful and expelling fears.

MAGICAL PROPERTIES: Katrina Raphaell says that Carnelian can be used to


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"see into the past". The "Crystal Oracle" says that Carnelian referrs to

the Self, and Current Conditions. It is a grounding stone, and associ-

ated with the Earth. As such, it is considered practical, sensible and

balanced. Cunningham associates the stone with the element of Fire. He

suggests it as a talisman against Telepathic invasion.

HEALING: It is recommended for infertility or impotency. In addition it

is used for purification of the blood. It has also been suggested that

this stone will stop nosebleeding.

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE: I call this the "sexy" stone...since I beleive it

stimulates sexual appetites. I use it in the lower Chakras for infer-

tility and impotency for men(I use Coral as the feminine counterpart.)

I always get a good chuckle when I notice a man wearing a LARGE

Cornelian belt buckle. In addition, I would use this stone for relief of

pain from arthritis in men.




Minerals".

2. Precious and semi-precious gemstone information may come from

"Gemstones" by E. H. Rutland.


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3. Other Precious and semi-precious gemstone information may come from

"Gem Cutting", sec. ed., by John Sinkankas.

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4. Legends and Lore, Magical Properties are from "Cunningham's

Encyclopedia of Crystal, Gem & Metal Magic", by Scott Cunningham.



6. Some of the healing information may come from "A Journey Through the

Chakras" by Joy Gardner.

...................................................................

CORAL

SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION: CaCo3, or calcium carbonate in the form of

calcite, is the main constituent of calcareous corals; minor con-

stituents are MgCo3, or magnesium carbonate and proteinaceous organic

substances, which act as binding agents. At 2.5 to 4, the hardness is

slightly higher than that of calcite. The skeletons of corals vary in

color: from bright to dark red, slightly orange-red, pink and white.

ENVIRONMENT: In all cases, coral consists of the branching skeletons of


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animals which live in colonies planted on the seabed at depths varying

from tens to hundreds of meters. They are typical of warmish to very

warm seas.

OCCURENCE: The most famous of these organisms is Corallium rubrum, which

lives in the waters of the Mediterranean and, despite its name,provides

not only red, but orange, pink, and white coral. Similar to this are

Corallium elatius, C. japonicum, and C. secundum, which maily live off

the coasts of Japan, China, Indochina, the Philippines, and other

archipelagos of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Coral colonies occupy

large areas especially in the Pacific, but also near the coast of South

Africa, in the Red Sea, and to the east of Australia. These latter

colonies, however, consist of madrepore, which has little in common with

the corals used as ornaments.

GEMSTONE INFORMATION: Most of the coral used since antiquity as an

ornamental material comes from the calcareous skeletons of colonies of

marine organisms of the phylum Cnidaria, order Corgonacea, genus

Corallium. Corals take a good polish. They also have a certain degree of

elasticity and can be heated and bent into bangles. Thin brancehes were

and still are polished, pierced, and threaded, unaltered, into neck-

laces. Larger pieces are cut into spherical or faceted necklace beads,

pear shapes for pendant jewelry, or cabochons. It is also used for

carved pieces and small figurines, in both oriental and western

art styles. The most highly prized varities of coral are those that are

a uniform, strong bright red.


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NAME: The name is derived from the Latin [corallium,] related to the

Greek [korallion].

LEGEND and LORE: The oldest known findings of red coral date from the

Mesopotamian civilization, i.e. from about 3000 BC. For centuries, this

was the coral par excellence, and at the time of Pliny the Elder it was

apparently much appreciated in India, even more than in Europe.Red coral

has traditionally been used as a protection from the "evil eye" and as

a cure for sterility. One of the Greek names for Coral was Gorgeia,

from the tradition that blood dripped from the Head of Medea, which

Perseus had deposited on some branches near the sea-shore; which blood,

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becoming hard, was taken by the Sea Nymps, and planted in the sea. (8)

MAGICAL PROPERTIES: Coral is associated with Venus, Isis and Water. It

has been used as a form of protective magic for children for hundreds of

years. Cunningham recommends it as a luck-attractor for living

areas.Sailors use it as a protection from bad weather while at sea.

Red-orange coral is one of the four element gemstones of the Pueblo

Indians. It is one of the four colors used for the directions in the

Hopi/Zuni Road of Life. Coral is considered a representative of the warm

energy of the Sun, and the southern direction.

HEALING: Coral's healing properties are mostly associated with Women,


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young children and the elderly. For women it is said to increase

fertility and regulate menstration. For young children, it is recom-

mended to ease teething and to prevent epilepsy. For the elderly, it is

used as a cure for arthritis.

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE: I use coral at the lower Chakras for "Women's

Healing." In particular, I will use it for disorders relating to female

reproductive organs. I also use it magically, to represent female

fertility.I have used it with some success for arthritis, but only for

women. This is one of the stones that I "reserve" for female/feminine

use. (I use Carnelian as the "male" counterpart.) I have not had an

opportunity to try it for a young child.



from) "Simon & Schuster's Guide to Gems and Precious Stones".








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8. Some occult lore is from "The Occult and Curative Powers of Precious


................................................................................

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EMERALD

SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION:Emerald is a type of Beryl, Beryllium aluminum

silicate, frequently with some sodium, lithium and cesium.It's chemistry

is Be3Al2Si6O18. Beryls range in color from Bright green (emerald),

blue, greenish blue (aquamarine), yellow (golden beryl), red, pink

(morganite) to white. The streak is colorless. It's hardness is 7-1/2 to

8. The crystals are Hexagonal and they are common. Fine emeralds have

velvety body appearance; their value lies in their even distribution of

color. Inclusions are common in emerald, but other stones of this group


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are usually most valuable when free of flaws.

ENVIRONMENT: Beryl develops in pegmatites and certain metamorphic rocks.

It occurs with quartz, microcline, and muscovite in pegmatites, and with

quartz, muscovite, and almandine in schist of regional metamorphic

rocks.

OCCURENCE: Best emerald comes from Colombia.(NOTE: it is not necessary

to spend thousands of dollars for a tiny chip of emerald to add to your

healing/ magical collection. If you look around in rock shops, you may

be able to come across some "less than perfect" stones that aren't

faceted. I've found 4 of them, slightly larger than my fingernail and

they were about $3.00 each.)

NAME: The name is from the Greek [beryllos] indicating any green

gemstone.

LEGEND and LORE: Emerald is considered a birthstone for the month of

May.

"Who first beholds the light of day,

In spring's sweet flowery month of May,

And wears an Emerald all her life,

Shall be a loved, and happy wife." (5)

MAGICAL PROPERTIES: "If you wish to bring a love into your life, buy an


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emerald and charge it with your magical need through your visualization,

perhaps while placing it near a green candle. After this ritual, wear or

carry the emerald somewhere near your heart. Do this in such a way that

it cannot be seen by others. When you meet a future love, you'll know it

wasn't the visible jewel that attracted him or her." (3) The Greeks

associated this stone with the Goddess Venus. It has come to represent,

for many people, the security of love. Emerald, like allmost all of the

green stones, is also advantageous for business/money ventures.

HEALING: Emerald is said to aid perception and inner clarity. Because of

this, they are also associated with healing diseases of the eye, and

problems affecting eyesight. It was believed that emeralds could

counteract poisons and cure disentary.

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE:I sometimes use Emeralds in a stone layout. I will

use them for their psychological/spiritual values of clarity and

perception. If I am using them for this purpose, I use them in the area

of the Heart Chakra, in conjunction with Rose Quartz, or Rhodochrosite

for balanced energy. I've also used them for prosperity consciousness.

................................................................................

2611





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Minerals".




Journey Through the Chakras" by Joy Gardner. Other sources may be "Stone

Power" by Dorothee L. Mella.





---

GARNET (PYROPE)

SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION: Pyrope Garnets are from a group of very closely

related aluminum silicates. The Chemistry for the Pyrope variety is

Mg3Al2Si3O12. These Garnets range in color from deep red to reddish

black and on rare occasions from purple and rose to pale purplish red

(sometimes called [rhodolite].) The hardness ranges between 6-1/2 and

7-1/2.


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ENVIRONMENT: Pyrope occurs with olivine and hypersthene in peridotite of

plutonic rocks.

OCCURENCE: Pyrope Garnets occur in peridotite in Kentucky, Arkansas,

Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah. In the latter half of the nineteenth

century, most Pyrope came from Bohemia, where it is still found today.

The main sources nowadays, however, are South Africa, Zimbabwe,

Tanzania, the United States, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, and Australia.

GEMSTONE INFORMATION: The garnet species with red or purple varieties,

including Pyrope are considered gemstones. Usually bright red, Pyrope

can be a much less attractive brick or dark red. It can be perfectly

transparent, but this feature is less visible in dark specimens. It is

either made into fairly convex cabochons, or faceted, with an oval or

round mixed cut or, more rarely, a step cut. The faceted gems have good

luster, rather less obvious in cabochons. The most valuable types are,

of course, the transparent ones with the brightest red color. Pyrope is

relatively common, although less so than almandine. Very large stones,

up to several hundred carats have been found; but these are rare and are

found in museums and famous collections.

NAME: The name comes from the Greek [pyropos,] meaning "fiery." The name

"Garnet" comes from the Latin [granatus,] meaning "seed-like".

LEGEND and LORE: Pyrope Garnet has long been associated with love,

passion, sensuality and sexuality. Some Asiatic tribes used red garnets


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as bullets for sling bows because they pierced their victims quickly,

and could not be seen well in the body when they mingled with the blood.

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Throughout the ages, Pyrope has been used as a curative for all types of

ailments dealing with blood.

MAGICAL PROPERTIES: Pyrope is directly linked with the Will. As such, it

is a strong stone for the Magician and Shaman. It is associated with

Fire and Mars, Strength and Protection. It will help the practitioner

tap into extra energy for ritualistic purposes.

HEALING: While all Garnets are associated with the Root Chakra, Pyrope

is particularly symbolic. It is used for healing when the subject

involved has "lost the will to live", since it is directly related to

the desire to live and achieve in this lifetime. This stone warms and

aids blood circulation, rouses sexuality and heals the reproductive

system and the heart.

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE: If you are already a strong willed individual or

have a fiery temper that you need to learn to control, I suggest that

you work with the Alamandine Garnets, rather than the Pyropes. This is

a good stone to use for treating depression. Very often, when I've

"worked" on an individual who has suffered a heart attack, I find that

the individual is rather severely depressed (which I think is a side

effect of the medication) and has lost the will to continue in this


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lifetime. I've found that fiery red Pyrope Garnets are a great help in

this situation.

ADDITIONAL NOTES: The Latin name [carbunculus,] (small coal or ember),

is attributed to all red transparent stones. It is more often applied to

Pyropes when they are formed into cabochons than any other stone.



from) "The Audubon Society field Guide to North American Rocks and

Minerals".

2. Other scientific information may be from "Simon & Schuester's Guide

to Gems and Precious Stones".



4. Other precious and semi-precious gemstone information may come from


5. Basic Legends, Lore and Magical Properties are from "Cunningham's


6. Other Magical and Healing information may come from "ccrystal Wisdom,

Spiritual Properties of Crystals and Gemstones" by Dolfyn.

7. More legends and lore may come from "Stone Power" by Dorothee L.

Mella.

8. Healing information is from "The Women's Book of Healing", by Diane

Stein.

9. Additional healing information may be from "The Occult and Curative


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Powers of Precious Stones" by William T. Fernie, M.D.

---------------------------------------------------------------

GARNET (ALMANDINE)

SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION: Almandine Garnets are from a group of very

closely related aluminum silicates. The Chemistry for the Almandine

variety is Fe2/3+Al2Si3O12. These Garnets range in color from deep red

to brown and brownish black. The hardness ranges between 6-1/2 and

7-1/2.

2613

ENVIRONMENT: Almandine occurs in diorite of plutonic rocks, and with

andalusite, hornblende, and biotite in hornfels and schist of contact

and regional metamorphic rocks.

OCCURENCE: Well-formed crystals of Almandine have come from Wrangell, SE

Alaska; from Emerald Creek, Benewah Co., Idaho; and from Michigamme,

Michigan. Gemstone quality material is obtained in large quantities

from Sri Lanka and India, where it is also cut; other sources are Burma,

Brazil, Madagascar, Tanzania, and Australia.

GEMSTONE INFORMATION: Most red garnets come under the name Almandine,

even when their composition is midway between that of Pyrope and

Almandine and similar, in many cases, to that of Rhodolite. The reason

for this is the similarity in their color and absorption spectrum


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characteristics. Almandine has a brilliant luster, but its transparency

is frequently marred, even in very clear stones, by excessive depth of

color. The cabochon cut is widely used, often being given a strongly

convex shape and sometimes a concave base, in an effort to lighten

the color by reducing the thickness. Rose cuts have also been used,

particularly in the past. Nowdays, when the material is quite transpare-

nt, faceted cuts are used as well, and sometimes square or rectangular

step cuts. Gems of several carats are not uncommon. Faceted or even

barely rounded pieces of Almandine, pierced as necklace beads, were very

common in the recent past, but are now considered old-fashioned.

NAME: The name Almandine comes from [carbunculus alabandicus,] after the

city of Alabanda in Asia Minor, where gems were traded at the time of

Pliny theElder.

LEGEND and LORE: All red Garnet has long been associated with love,

passion, sensuality and sexuality. Garnet is considered a birthstone for

those born in January:

"By her in January born

No gem save Garnets should be worn;

They will ensure her constancy,

True friendship, and fidelity."

MAGICAL PROPERTIES: The darker Garnets are associated with the Will and

the Source of Life Incarnate. This is who and what we are in this


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lifetime. This stone is worn for protective purposes, and is thought to

drive off demons and phantoms.

HEALING: Almandine Garnets are used to heal skin conditions associated

with poor circulation. They improve vigor, strength and endurance.

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE: Almandine Garnets are particularly effective when

healing "traumas" that are carried over from a past life and deal with

sexuality and heart/love problems.




Minerals".





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Mella.


Stein.





GARNET (SPESSARTINE)

SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION: Spessartine Garnets are from a group of very

closely related aluminum silicates. The Chemistry for the Spessartine

variety is Mn3Al2Si3O12. These Garnets range in color from brownish red

to hyacinth-red. The hardness ranges between 6-1/2 and 7-1/2.

ENVIRONMENT: Spessartine occurs with albite and muscovite in granite

pegmatites and with quartz and riebeckite in blue schist or regional

metamorphic rocks..

OCCURENCE: Large corroded crystals of Spessartine have come from the

Rutherford No. 2 Mine, Amelia, Amelia Co., Virginia; crystals up to 1"

in diameter have been found in several pegmatites in the Ramona

District, San Diego Co., California; sharp, dark-red, well-formed

crystals occur in cavities in rhyolite near Ely, White Pine C., Nevada;

and brilliant crystals of Spessartine have been found with topaz at Ruby


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Mt., near Nathrop, Chaffee Co., Colorado. Gem material comes from the

gem gravels of Sri Lanka and Burma. It is also found in Brazil and

Madagascar.

GEMSTONE INFORMATION: The gem variety of Spessartine Garnet is uncommon.

It tends to be midway between spessartine and almandine in composition.

The "aurora red", orange-red or orange-pink color is typical. It has

good transparency and considerable luster. It is normally given a mixed,

round, or oval cut. The weight does not normally exceed a few carats.

Gems of about 10 carats are extremely rare and usually of an atypical,

rather dark, unattactive color.

NAME: Spessartine is named after an occurrence in the spessart district,

Bavaria, Germany.

LEGEND and LORE: In the 13th century garnets were thought to repel

insect stings. A magical treatise, "The Book of Wings", dating from the

thirteenth century says "The well-formed image of a lion, if engraved on

a garnet, will protect and preserve honors and health, cures the wearer

of all diseases, brings him honors, and guards him from all perils in

traveling."

MAGICAL PROPERTIES: Spessartine is normally considered to be red-orange

to orange-pink. Thus it links the "will" with the "desire". It is a good

stone to use when casting a spell for your "heart's desire", especially

if it is of the orange-pink" variety.


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2615

HEALING: The orange garnets are linked to the root and the belly chakra.

They are beneficial in instances of infertility, dealing with reproduc-

tive organs. Mentally, it inspires confidence in personal creativity and

self-worth.

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE: Spessartine is not as effective as Carnelian for

instances of infertility. But it DOES help the mental attitude of the

individual experiencing the difficulty. It is a warming stone, and works

well for increasing circulation in the lower part of the body.




Minerals".








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Mella.


Stein.





---

GARNET (GROSSULAR)

SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION: Grossular Garnets are from a group of very

closely related calcium silicates. The Chemistry for the Grossular

variety is Ca3Al2Si3O12. These Garnets range in color from yellow, pink

and brown through white and colorless. The hardness ranges between 6-1/2


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and 7-1/2.

ENVIRONMENT: Grossular occurs with wollastonite, calcite, and vesuviani-

te in hornfels of contact metamorphic rocks.

OCCURENCE: Being the commonest of all garnets, it is found in a variety

of locations. Fine colorless crystals up to 1/2" across occur in

Gatineau and Magantic Cos., Quebec, fine lusterous pale brown crystals

2616

up to 3" across were found near Minot, Androscoggin Co., Main, and

beautiful white and pick crystals up to 4" across have been found near

Xalostoc, Morelos, Mexico.

GEMSTONE INFORMATION: Grossular also has the typical crystal form of

garnets, occuring in isolated crystals which are often complete, in the

shape of a rhombic dodecahedron, sometimes combined with a trapezo-

hedron. They vary from transparent to semiopaque. The typical color is

light (gooseberry) yellowish green; but they can be a strong to bluish

green, honey yellow or pinkish yellow, or even colorless. When transpar-

ent, the crystals have good luster. Like other garnets, they have no

cleavage. The greenish to yellowish varieties are used as gems.

Grossular is not a rare mineral. The types used as gems mainly come from

the gem gravels of Sri Lanka (honey yellow variety); the the United

States, Canada, Mexico, Madagascar, Kenya. The green variety of

grossular garnet, discovered a few decades ago and found mainly in


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Kenya, near the Tsavo National Park, is also known as Tsavorite (or

Tsavolite) It is a light, verdant, or dark green, similar to the color

of the better green tourmalines and sometimes, it is said, even

comparable to African emerald. It has good luster. These gems, which are

usually given a round or pear-shaped mixed cut, or occasionally a

brilliant cut, are generally small, rarely exceeding one carat and never

more than a few carats.

NAME: Grossular is from the New Latin [grosssularia,] "gooseberry,"

because some Grossular crystals are pale green like the fruit.

LEGEND and LORE: I do not find anything referring specifically to yellow

or green garnets in my sources.

MAGICAL PROPERTIES: While deep red garnets focus on "Will" and orange--

red garnets focus on "Desire", yellow garnets are focused on Personal

Power and Personality. In addition they are (because of their color)

associated with athletic prowess and Oriental philosophies.

HEALING: Being linked to the Solar Plexus Chakra, yellow garnets are

energizing. They can be used for the digestive organs, the diaphram (and

the breath) and eyesight. Green garnets center their healing on the

Heart Chakra.

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE: It is difficult to find a green stone that works

well for the lower chakras and the lower half of the body. When I do


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total layouts for individuals with Aids, I use all green stones,

whenever possible. The Green garnets work well for this. Since Garnet is

the stone of the Root Chakra, the Will, and green is the color of the

Heart Chakra, love, circulation, general healing, this stone works

exceptionally well. I find that the yellow garnets work better for

magical purposes than healing. For healing, there are several

yellow stones that seem to work better for me.

NOTES: Garnets are used in industry as an abrasive.




Minerals".

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Mella.


Stein.


Powers

of Precious Stones" by William T. Fernie, M.D.


notebooks,

by Tandika Star.

-----------------------------------------------------

LAZURITE (LAPIS LAZULI)

SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION: Lazurite is a silicate of sodium calcium and

aluminum, with some sulfur. It is a member of the sodalite group. It's


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chemistry is (Na, Ca)8(Al,Si)12O24(S,SO)4. The color ranges in shades of

blue from violet blue and azure blue thru greenish-blue. Lazurite is

distinguished from sodalite by its deeper color and fine grain. It is

also softer and lighter in weight than lazulite. It is dull to greasy

and the streak is pale blue. The hardness ranges between 5 and 5-1/2.

ENVIRONMENT: Crystals are rare. It is usually granular, compact,

massive. It forms in association with pyrite, calcite, and diopside in

hornfels of contact metamorphic rocks. The opaque, vivid blue, light

blue, greenish-blue, or violet-blue stone, consisting largely of

lazurite but with appreciable amounts of calcite, diopside, and pyrite,

is a rock called [lapis lazuli.] The stone is usually veined or spotted.

Its value depends largely upon excellence and uniformity of color and

absence of pyrite, although some purchasers prefer lapis with pyrite.

OCCURRENCE: Lazurite is a rare mineral in North America, but it does

occur on Italian Mt. in the Sawatch Mts. of Colorado; on Ontario Peak in

the San Gabriel Mts., Los Angeles Co., and in Cascade Canyon in the San

Bernardino Mts., San Bernardino Co., California. The finest lapis lazuli

has come from Badakshan in Afghanistan, and less valuable material has

come from Russia and Chile.

NAME: The name is from the Arabic [lazaward], "heaven," which was also

applied to sky-blue lapis lazuli.

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LEGEND and LORE: Lapis Lazuli was a favorite stone of the ancient

Egyptians. In the past Lazurite has been burned and ground to form the

pigment "ultramarine." It was consider an aid to childbirth, and has

long been associated with altered states of consciousness and trance

work. Lapis is sometimes designated as a birthstone for December,

although turquoise is most common.

MAGICAL PROPERTIES: To quote Cunningham: "This stone is used in rituals

designed to attract spiritual love. Take an untumbled piece of lapis

with a sharp edge. Empower the stone and a pink candle with your need

for love. Then, using the lapis lazuli, carve a heart onto the candle.

Place the stone near the candleholder and burn the candle while

visualizing a love coming into your life." Actually, the most important

magical aspect of lapis is it's ability to strengthen psychic awareness.

Cunningham says "Despite its somewhat high price, lapis lazuli is one

stone every stone magician should own and utilize."(2)

HEALING: This stone is used at the Ajina, the Brow Chakra. It's related

gland is the pituitary. The pituitary gland is also referred to as the

"master gland" because it regulates all of the others. This location is

also the center for the eyes, ears, nose and brain.

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE: I don't often use Lapis for physical healing,

unless I feel that there is a "link" between what is manifested as

disease, and some conflict of the "higher self". I have used it for

brain disorders (tumors, inflammation, etc.) More often, I use it in


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layouts where the client is trying to achieve an altered state of

consciousness.


1. Scientific, Environment, Occurrence and Name are from (or paraphrased


Minerals".







--------------------------------------------------

LEPIDOLITE

SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION: Lepidolite a potassium, lithium, aluminum

fluorsilicate mica. Its chemistry is complex: K(Li,Al)3(Si,Al)4O10-

(F,OH)2. It is pink, lilac, yellowish, grayish white or a combination of

all of these. The streak is colorless. It is one of the softer stones,


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with a hardness of 2-1/2 to 3.

ENVIRONMENT: Lepidolite is confined to granite pegmatites, where it

occurs either as fine-granular masses near the core of the pegmatite or

as stubby or tabular crystals in cavities. It is commonly associated

with microcline, quartz, and tourmaline.

2619

OCCURENCE: Large fine masses of lepidolite have been mined at the

Stewart Pegmatite at Pala, and superb sharp crystals have been obtained

from the Little Three Pegmatite near Ramona, both in San Diego Co.,

California. It has also been mined in substantial amounts in several New

England states and in the Black Hills of South Dakota.

NAME: The name comes from the Greek [lepidos], meaning 'scale', in

allusion to the scaly aggregates in which the mineral commonly occurs.

................................................................................

2620

LEGEND and LORE: Lepidolite is a stone that could certainly be con-

sidered "new age" in the sense that it is just now coming into recogni-

tion by healers and magicians. There is no "past lore" on this stone, to

the best of my knowledge. Part of this may be due to the fact, that it

is native to the United States.


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MAGICAL PROPERTIES: "This stone soothes anger, hatred or any other

negative emotion. To quiet the entire house, place lepidolite stones in

a circle around a pink candle." (2)

HEALING: Lepidolite is also know as the "Dream Stone". It will protect

the individual from nightmares, especially those caused by stress or an

upset in personal relationships. It can be used in the same types of

circumstances as Kunzite, namely for manic depression or schizophrenia.

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE: This is one of the most soothing and relaxing

stones I've ever held. It is a beauty to look at, and calms the mind

enabling it to concentrate on the TRUE source of a problem...instead of

running around in frantic circles accomplishing nothing. The more

rubellite in the stone, the better it will help the heart and mind work

together.

NOTES: Lepidolite has been used as a source of lithium. The above

description of the appearance of this stone may be deceiving, as I found

Cunningham's to be, also. All of the specimens of this stone that I have

seen so far have been grey to a pale lavendar grey with "sparkles" of

the lithium mica embedded in it. The heart-shaped cabuchon that I have

also has very distinctive crystals of rubellite (pink tourmaline) and

veins of white running through it. I was originally looking for a MUCH

brighter lavendar stone. It is unusual, also, to find specimens that are

cut and polished. Usually the stone is too "crumbly" to take a good

polish. However, it is equally handsome in rough form.


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Minerals".





------------------------------------------------------

MALACHITE

SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION: Malachite is a basic copper carbonate. It's

chemistry is Cu2CO3(OH)2. It ranges in color from emerald green thru

grass green to shades of silky pale green. The streak is light green.

It's hardness is 3-1/2 to 4. Crystals are rare. Most gem specimens

display distinctive concentric colorbanding; (alternating dark green and

light green bands.)

ENVIRONMENT: Malachite is a secondary copper mineral and develops in the

zone of alteration in massive, lode, and disseminated hydrothermal

replacement deposits. Associated minerals are azurite, limonite, and


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2621

chalcopyrite.

OCCURENCE: The copper mines at Bisbee, Chochise Co., Arizona, are famous

for their fine specimens of massive malachite and pseudomorphs of

malachite after azurite. Mines at Morenci in Greenlee Co., and at Globe

in Gila Co., Arizona, have yielded beautiful malachite specimens, of

which some consist of alternating layers of green malachite and blue

azurite. Fine malachite has also come from copper mines in California,

Nevada, Utah, Pennsylvania, and Tennessee.

NAME: The name is from the Greek [moloche], "mallow," an illusion to the

mineral's leaf-green color. Malachite is used as an ore of copper and as

a gemstone.

LEGEND and LORE: It is said that if malachite is worn, it will break

into pieces to warn the wearer of danger.

MAGICAL PROPERTIES: Used to direct power towards magical goals.

Protective, especially towards children. According to Cunningham, "Small

pieces of malachite placed in each corner of a business building or a

small piece placed in the cash register draws customers. Worn during

business meetings or trade shows, it increases your ability to obtain

good deals and sales. It is the salesperson's stone." (2)


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HEALING: If the malachite is of the blue-green variety, it can be

associated with the Sacral Center, or Splenic Chakra (Svadisthana).

Here, it's energy branches to the left, to the spleen. (It is intended

in this position for those who are celebate.) In addition, if it is

grass-green, it can be used at the Lumbar/Solar Plexis Center. "When the

malachite is placed at the solar plexus and a piece of green jade is

placed at the heart center and a double-terminated quartz crystal is

placed between them, people may remember events that have been blocked

for years. They may cry or scream. As these buried emotions are brought

to the surface and released, a great weight is lifted and they soon feel

renewed." (3)

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE: I am very careful about using Malachite. It has

been my experience that the emotions that it releases can be very

powerful, to the point of overwhelming some people. On the other hand,

if the individual is ready to deal with them (in a "growth" period) it

may work out just fine. You could "balance" the emotional content with

a pink stone (such as rose quartz) to cut down some on the intensity.

A few years ago, I broke my arm. To do so, I damaged the muscles and

nerves in my wrist. I was in a lot of pain, and was searching for what

I could do to help the situation. During a journey, I saw malachite, so

I found a malachite heart which I held in the palm of the broken arm

while meditating. I got a lot of relief from it. Now, if the wrist acts

up, I use the heart, taped over the wrist area when I go to bed at

night. It seems to help quite a bit. I now recommend malachite for


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nerve/muscle damage with some success. (4)




Minerals".

2622







--------------------------------------------------

MOONSTONE

SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION: Moonstone is one variation of Orthoclase. It

owes its beautiful silvery to bluish sheen ('adularescence' or 'schil-

ler') to its composition of extremely thin plates of orthoclase and

albite. The thinner these plates are, the bluer is the sheen. There are


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also moonstones consisting mainly of albite. These are less translucent,

but they can occur in a variety of colours: grey, blue, green, brown,

yellow and white. There are also moonstone cat's-eyes. The chemical

composition is KAlSi3O8 and the hardness is 7. The streak is white.

ENVIRONMENT: The potash feldspars are important rock-forming minerals in

plutonic, volcanic, and metamorphic rocks. Adularia and sanidine are

found usually in volcanic rocks.

OCCURENCE: The main countries of origin are Ceylon, southern India (the

district near Kangayam), Tanzia and Malagasy which, together with Burma,

produces some of the finest stones with a deep blue schiller. White

adularia crystals up to 2.5 cm (1") across have been found in gold-bear-

ing quartz veins at Bodie, Mono Co., California, and in the silver mines

of the Silver City district, Owhyee Co., Idaho.

GEMSTONE INFORMATION: Moonstone is always cut into cabochons, to display

the cat's-eye, or schiller.

NAME: Adularia (another name for Moonstone) comes from the locality in

Switzerland, the Adula Mts.

LEGEND and LORE: This stone has always been revered because of its lunar

attraction. It was believed that the shiller in the stone would follow

the cycles of the moon. (Becoming greatest when the moon was full.) In

addition, it has always been considered a "feminine, or Goddess" stone.


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MAGICAL PROPERTIES: Meditation with moonstone calls into consciousness

the three-form moon phase goddesses, Diana/Selene/Hecate, the waxing,

Full and waning Moon. These are woman as goddess in her ages and

contradictions, Maiden/Mother/Crone. Cunningham favors this stone for

spells involving love. In addition he has a longish essay on using it

for a "diet" stone.

HEALING: Because of it's feminine nature, Moonstone has long been

considered a "womans healing stone". It is used traditionally for

healing/balancing of female organs and hormones.

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE: I use Moonstone at the Transpersonal Point, for

connection to the Goddess and Universal Feminine Energy. This is the

connection to dreams and dreaming, feminine "intuition", and "cycles".

There are cycles of time, seasons, the moon, stars, etc. I also use/give

2623

this stone for those clients who are having difficulty being in tune

with the feminine side of their nature. (Everyone has a masculine and

a feminine side.)

NOTES: In the past, this stone has also been called "Cylon Opal".



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Minerals".















-----------------------------------------------


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OBSIDIAN

SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION: Obsidian occurs as volcanic lava flows that are

thick and of limited area. Its black, glassy, lustrous, and often

flow-banded appearance makes it rather easy to distinguish from the

other volcanic rocks with which it is commonly associated. This mineral

forms when a silica-rich magma of granitic composition flows onto the

earth's surface, where it solidifies before minerals can develop and

crystallize. It is, therefore, an amorphous solid or glass rather than

an aggregate of minerals. The hardness of Obsidian is between 6 and 7;

it will scratch window glass. Although generally black, it is more or

less smoky along translucent to transparent edges; other colors are

gray, reddish brown, mahogany and dark green. When it has small white

"flower" designs in it, it is called Snowflake Obsidian. It is also

possible to find pieces with a sheen, or chatoyance. This is often

called Rainbow Obsidian.

ENVIRONMENT: Obsidian is an environment for very few minerals. Lithophy-

sae and spherulites may contain small but beautiful crystals of

feldspar, tridymite, and cristobalite.

OCCURENCE: Some locations of Obsidian bodies are California (Inyo,

Imperial, and Modoc Cos.), Oregon (Crater Lake), Wyoming (Yellowstone

Park), and Mexico (near Pachuca.)

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NAME: The name is dervied from the latin name for the mineral, [obsio.]

LEGEND and LORE: Polished pieces of black Obsidian have been used for

Scrying. Primitive peoples once valued obsidian highly, chipping and

flaking it into knives, spearheads, and many other implements with

razor-sharp edges resulting from the intersecting conchoidal fractures.

MAGICAL PROPERTIES: Obsidian is a very protective stone. It is also

associated with the inner mysteries of the Goddess, symbolizing entrance

to the labyrinth, the womb or the subconscious self.

HEALING: Because of its protective qualities, Obsidian is a good stone

for those who are soft-hearted and gentle. It will help to guard them

against abuse. This stone cleanses toxins from the liver, so it is also

good for people who are exposed to environmental pollutants.

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE: This is the "balance" stone for Clear Quartz

Crystals. We jokingly refer to it around here as a "dark sucker"...mean-

ing it will absorb all sorts of negative things. It is also a grounding

stone, and I use it at the Base Chakra (below the feet) at the beginning

of a layout to keep my client "grounded". In India, the women wear

obsidian toe rings for the same purpose. I use Black Obsidian in

conjunction with Quartz. If I'm not using Clear Quartz, I use Snowflake

Obsidian. I also have a piece of Rainbow Obsidian, but it is relatively

new and I haven't finished "conversing" with it, so I have no advice

as to how to use it...at the moment.


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Minerals".







----------------------------------------------

OPAL

SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION: Opal is hydrous silica, often with some iron and

aluminum. Its chemistry is SiO2.nH2O; amount of water varies up to 10

percent. It ranges in color from White, yellow, red, pink, brown to

gray, blue and even colorless. It is most easily recognized by its rich

internal play of colors (opalescence). Its hardness ranges from 5-1/2 to

6-1/2. It is vitreous and pearly. The streak is white. It is not found

in crystal form, rather is is usually massive, botryoidal, reniform,


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stalactitic, and/or earthy.

ENVIRONMENT: Opal is a low-temperature mineral and usually develops in

a wide variety of rocks as cavity and fracture fillings. It requently

develops as amygdules in basalt and rhyolite of volcanic rock and

replaces the cells in wood and the shells of clams.

2625

OCCURENCE: Common opal is widespread and can be readily obtained at many

places, but localities for precious opal are rare and seem to localized

in W United States and Mexico. Magnificent examples of opalized wood can

be found in Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, and Washington, and lively

green fluorescing opal (hyalite) occurs in seams in pegmatites in New

England and North Carolina and in cavities in basalt near Klamath Falls,

Oregon. Beautiful precious opal, as a replacement in wood, has been

obtained in Virgin Valley, Humboldt Co., Nevada. Excellent fire and

precious opal occur in laval flows in N Mexico. Nevada, Australia, and

Honduras are sources for black opal; Australia and Czechoslovakia

for white opal; Mexico and SW United States for fire opal.

GEMSTONE INFORMATION: Black, dark blue, dark green opal with dark gray

body color and fine play of colors is called [black opal;] opal with

white or light body color and fine play of color is called [white opal;]

and transparent to translucent opal with body color ranging from

orange-yellow to red and a play of colors is called [fire opal.] Play of

colors depends upon interference of light and is not dependent upon body


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color. Black opal is the most highly prized, and fire opal is the most

valued of the orange and red varieties. Most opal is fashioned into

cabochons, but some fire opals are faceted.

NAME: The word is from the Sanskrit [upala,] meaning "precious stone."

LEGEND and LORE: Opal is a birthstone for October.

"October's child is born for woe,

And life's vicissitudes must know;

But lay an Opal on her breast,

And hope will lull those foes to rest." (5)

Opals have traditionally been considered "lucky" stones...but only for

those born in the month of October. It has been considered bad luck to

wear them if you were born in any other month.

MAGICAL PROPERTIES: Opal is considered to be able to confer the gift of

invisibility on its wearer. To accomplish this, Cunningham says "The gem

was wrapped in a fresh bay leaf and carried for this purpose." He also

says, "Opals are also worn to bring out inner beauty. A beauty spell:

Place a round mirror on the altar or behind it so that you can see your

face within it while kneeling. Place two green candles on eithe side of

the mirror. Light the candles. Empower an opal with your need for beauty

-- while holding the stone, gaze into your reflection. With the scalpel

of your visualization, mold and form your face (and your body) to the


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form you desire. Then, carry or wear the opal and dedicate

yourself to improving your appearance." (2)

HEALING: Opals contain all the colors of the other stones, thus, it

could be used in place of any of them. (They are akin to quartz

crystals, in this aspect.) Generally speaking, Opal is used more

frequently for healing the spirit, rather than the physical body.

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE: Opals are probably my favorite stone. This may be

partially due to the fact that they are my birthstone, and I have been

surrounded by them all of my life. For me, they are protective and

invigorating. I normally use them during Journeying, and when doing

"readings" for other...anything where I am using altered states of

consciousness. I find that they help me to understand the symbols of my

2626

visions in a way that makes them meaningful for others.




Minerals".




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5. Birthday poem from "The Occult and Curative Powers of Precious


-----------------------------------------------------

VESUVIANITE (IDOCRASE)

SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION: Vesuvianite is composed of calcium, magnesium

and aluminum silicate, often with some beryllium and fluorine. The

chemistry is Ca10Mg2Al4(SiO4)5(Si2)7)2(OH)4. Specimens range from brown

and green to a rare yellow or blue. The hardness is 6-1/2.

ENVIRONMENT: Vesuvianite forms by igneous and metamorphic processes. It

commonly is metamorphic and occurs with grossular, wollastonite, and

calcite in hornfels of contact metamorphic rocks; with chromite and

magnetite in serpentinite of hydrothermal metamorphic rocks; and with

wollastonite, andradite, and diopside in carbonatites.

OCCURENCE: Gem-quality Vesuvianite has been obtained from a pegmatite in

marble near Sixteen Island Lake, Laurel, Argenteuil Co., Quebec, and


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beautiful micromount cyrstals of purplish-pink color occur in massive

Vesuvianite at the Montral chrome pit at Black Lake, Megantic Co.,

Quebec. The blue variety called [cyprine] has been obtained at Franklin,

Sussex Co., New Jersey. Fine crystals up to 1-1/2 inches across occur in

pale-blue calcite at Scratch Gravel, near Helena, Lewis and Clark Co.,

Montana, and spectacular material of similar nature occurs at quarries

near Riverside, California. Beautiful pale-green massive Vesuvianite

([californite]) occurs in California at Pulga, Butte Co.,

and near Happy Camp, Siskiyou Co., and crude yellow prismatic crystals

occur with grossular at Xalostoc, Morelos, and Lake Jaco, Chihuahua,

Mexico.

GEMSTONE INFORMATION: Translucent gray to green or nearly colorless

Vesuvianite with green streaks is called [californite], and is often

sold as "California Jade." Californite is fashioned into cabochons.

Principal sources are the USSR, Italy, Canada and California.

NAME: The name "Vesuvianite" is from the original locality at Mt.

Vesuvius, Italy. The alternate name, "idocrase," comes from the Greek

[eidos,] "form", and [krasis,] "mixture," because Vesuvianite may appear

to combine the crystal forms of several other minerals.

2627

LEGEND and LORE: None found.


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MAGICAL PROPERTIES: Dolfyn associates this stone with Passion, enthus-

iasm, warmth and devotion.

HEALING: No specific information found, other than what Dolfyn states.

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE: None. I do not have a specimen of Vesuvianite.



from)"The Audubon Society field Guide to North American Rocks and

Minerals".









6. Some magical and healing information from "Crystal Wisdom, Spiritual

Properties of Crystals and Gemstones" by Dolfyn.


Mella.


Stein.



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2628

excerpt from the occult and the curative powers of precious stones by william t fernie

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