ewec 2006, athens, greece, 27 february – 2 march 2006 development and test of a 5 kw wind turbine...
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EWEC 2006, Athens, Greece, 27 February – 2 March 2006Development and Test of a 5 kW Wind Turbine for Modular Autonomous Supply Systems
Development and Test of a 5 kW Wind Turbine for Modular Autonomous Supply Systems
1 March 2006
Berthold HahnPaul Kühn
Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik (ISET), Division Information and Energy Economy Kassel, Germany
2006-03-01
-2-EWEC 2006, Athens, Greece, 27 February – 2 March 2006Development and Test of a 5 kW Wind Turbine for Modular Autonomous Supply Systems
Development of a small wind turbine for the modular system technologySupported by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety
Project managementand development ofthe control unit
Micro-wind
Wind-test
UniStuttgart
SMA
ISET
UniKassel
aerodyn
Testing within an autonomous supply system
Development of the generator
Development and design of mechanical components
Airfoil analysis
Grid parallel pilot operation
Concept study andmarket analysis
2006-03-01
-3-EWEC 2006, Athens, Greece, 27 February – 2 March 2006Development and Test of a 5 kW Wind Turbine for Modular Autonomous Supply Systems
Modular system technology provides smart, customised decentralpower supply systems, but up to now no appropriate wind turbine.
new development neccessary
intense cost pressure
Background
Development of a small wind turbine that is compatible with modular electrical power systems and near to the price level of large wind turbines.
retail price < 2000 € / kW
Objective
2006-03-01
-4-EWEC 2006, Athens, Greece, 27 February – 2 March 2006Development and Test of a 5 kW Wind Turbine for Modular Autonomous Supply Systems
Integrated design concept, load-bearing casing, passive yaw control
State of the art control unit (grid connection, monitoring and remote control)
Simple electrical concept with specially designed generator
Rotor blades which are easy to manufacture
Approach
Fully enclosed nacelle protects all parts against corrosion and external media, weight and cost reduction, downwind turbine with free yaw
No additional features needed when operating in autonomos supply systems, cost reduction
Compatibility with modular power supply systems and conventional electrical grids, increased efficiency, cost reduction
Significant cost reduction with little loss in efficiency
Outcome
2006-03-01
-5-EWEC 2006, Athens, Greece, 27 February – 2 March 2006Development and Test of a 5 kW Wind Turbine for Modular Autonomous Supply Systems
Asynchronous Generator, 2-levels
Nominal Power: 5,0 kW
Wind Speed Cut in: Nominal: Max. Survival:
3,5 m/s13,5 m/s
65 m/s
Power Control: Passive-Stall
Yaw: Downwind with Free Yaw
Number of Blades: 3
Rotor Diameter: 5,1 m
Weight Nacelle with Rotor:
141 kg
Brake System:Electromagnetic Safety BrakeRedundant Mechanical Brake
Rotor blades:
Pultruded glass fibre reinforced plastic (GRP) High lift to drag ratioConstant airfoil section throughout the lengthNot twisted, fixed angle throughout the length
Technical data aeroSmart5
source: aerodyn
2006-03-01
-6-EWEC 2006, Athens, Greece, 27 February – 2 March 2006Development and Test of a 5 kW Wind Turbine for Modular Autonomous Supply Systems
aeroSmart5 withControl Unit
PV-Moduls with Inverters
Battery Inverters and Battery
Diesel Generator
LoadsAC-Bus
Setup of the system
Prototype of the aeroSmart5 at the ISET test facility „Alte Schanze“
Meteorological parameters at hub height
Electrical current, voltage and power of all system components
Yaw orientation, tower acceleration...
Measurements (1 Hz and 60 Hz):
2006-03-01
-7-EWEC 2006, Athens, Greece, 27 February – 2 March 2006Development and Test of a 5 kW Wind Turbine for Modular Autonomous Supply Systems
● Optimisation of the control system
- reactive power compensation
- hysteresis loop switching between generator stages
- stepping procedure between generator stages
- brake control
● Operation of different system configurations with special emphasis on analysis of interaction between wind turbine and battery inverters
● Reaction and stability of the yaw system under turbulent wind conditions
● Investigation of dynamic processes
- oscillations of nacelle and tower
- dynamic behaviour of electrical properties
- fluctuation of electrical power under influence of stall effect
Tests focus on...
2006-03-01
-8-EWEC 2006, Athens, Greece, 27 February – 2 March 2006Development and Test of a 5 kW Wind Turbine for Modular Autonomous Supply Systems...
Battery current
Set value for charging voltage
Charging voltage
Alte Schanze – system configuration with two dump loads (1 kW and 5 kW)
1-min-average, 2005-07-20
Battery charging effects
2006-03-01
-9-EWEC 2006, Athens, Greece, 27 February – 2 March 2006Development and Test of a 5 kW Wind Turbine for Modular Autonomous Supply Systems
aeroSmart5 measured power curve
Alte Schanze, 10-min-data: 2005-12-01 to 2006-01-26
2006-03-01
-10-EWEC 2006, Athens, Greece, 27 February – 2 March 2006Development and Test of a 5 kW Wind Turbine for Modular Autonomous Supply Systems
● Optimisation of interaction between wind turbine and hybrid power system improvement of battery charge process
● Test of single-phase model (60 Hz) for the US-American market
● Launch in 2007
● Development of a 10 kW model
Outlook