Meeting Reports (Continued from page 28 7)determination of viscosity by flow injection analysis.

The final lecture session of the conference was chaired byDr. Betteridge and started with a paper delivered by Dr. K.Brunt on the design of an amperometric flow detector basedon a rotating disc electrode. This was followed by a paperfrom Dr. M. Trojanowicz of the University of Warsaw whodescribed a system for the continuous determination ofsulphate using a differential flow system. The final paper, byDr. Alan Townshend from Birmingham, described anextremely novel system enabling chemiluminescent detectorsto be applied to flow injection.

Dr. Betteridge then gave some light-hearted suggestionsfor solving the problem of nomenclature, after which Dr. vander Linden presented flowers to Ms. Ellen Abeling andMrs. Tilly Sijpesteyn who had been responsible for runningthe conference office and who had provided much invaluablehelp.

Finally, the conference was formally closed and everyonecame away having learned a great deal about the state of theart of flow analysis, and having spent a very pleasant week inone of the most beautiful cities of Europe.

Proceedings of the conference will appear in a specialedition of Analytica Chemica Acta to be published shortly.

Tim Sly

eviewsLaboratory Engineering andManipulations" 3rd EditionEdited by E.S. Perry andA. l#einsberger.John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 1979,pp 531 / xi, 26.80ISBN 0471-032-751

In this, the third edition, the work hasbeen reorganised and most parts havebeen thoroughly revised and rewritten.The chapter on ’Operations with Gases’has been deleted as little progress hasbeen made in this technique since theprevious edition. The work is nowcomposed of eight chapters, each con-tributed by an expert or group of expertsand covering a fundamental aspect oflaboratory engineering, and each is sub-divided into subject sections.

As an example the first chapter’Selection of Materials for the Constr-uction of Equipment’ starts with a shortintroduction describing mechanical,electrical and thermal properties ofmaterials; continues with a fairly detailedaccount of the corrosion of metals andthe ways in which protection againstcorrosion may be achieved; briefly looksat non-metals, and concludes with asection dealing with the practicalevaluation of chemical resistance.Included are tables referring to thegeneral chemical resistance of commonmetals and general properties of anumber of non-metals.

Other chapters are titled ’LaboratoryHeat Transfer’, which covers the wholefield of temperature measurement andcontrol, heating, cooling and insulation;’Grinding, Blending, Screening andClassifying’, ’Pumps and Flow Measure-ment’; ’Glove Box Technique’; ’Mixing’;’Vacuum Technique’; and ’Solvent Re-

moval, Evaporation, and Drying’. Ineach of these major aspect chapters amathematical description is given whereit appears necessary, types of equipmentranging from simple laboratory scale tosmall industrial scale are described andillustrated, and an extensive list ofreferences on ’Solvent Removal’ dealswith the subject in a too mathematicalway with little information on availableequipment. The index of twenty-threepages would .appear to be perfectlyadequate.

The book is well produced withnumerous figures, tables and illustrationsof a consistent quality. It is doubtfulwhether it would find much use in thesmall analytical laboratory except asbackground reading, but in a largerorganisation its depth of detail on sucha wide range of subjects would make it awell used reference book.

T.G. Alliston

Product l’xlewsDesk-top computerHewlett-Packard have introduced thelatest addition to their range of modulardesk-top computers, the System 45B.System 45B features a standard memoryof 56266 bytes, which is expandable upto a maximum of 448,906 bytes. Theoperating system is held in its own roomso all this memory is available to theuser. It also has built-in mass storagewith two tape cartridge drives (oneoptional).

Other features include a 31 cm CRTwith a standard alphanumeric mode anda graphics option. In the alphanumericmode, the CRT can display up to 1920characters, and the graphics option canbe used to generate and display dataplots, two and three dimentionaldrawings, charts, etc. A copy of thedisplay can be made by the internal

printer/plotter. A range of standardperipherals can also be linked to thesystem. System 45B has a typewriter-style keyboard with alphanumericcontrol, editing keys, and 32 user-definable, special function keys, anduses enhanced ANSI BASIC language.In addition to the standard keyboard,optional keyboards with special charac-ters for German, French, Spanish andScandanavian languages are available.The Hewlett-Packard library of softwarepacks enables the system to be quicklytailored to application requirementssuch as engineering design, businessmanagement, statistical analysis, finan-cial planning and instrument control.Hewlett-Packard Ltd., King Street Lane,Winnersh, Wokingham, Berks RG115AR, UK.

Karl Fischer titratorThe Photovolt Aquatest Mk IV Auto-matic Karl Fischer Titrator is availablein the UK through Auriema. It providesa direct digital readout of the waterlevel in liquids and solids within the

range lO/ag to 10mg. A microprocessorcontrol provides a simple moisturedetermination. Water is titrated byelectrolytic generation of Karl Fischerreagent. The incIusion of microprocessorfacilities in the instrument eliminatesthe need for standardisation, the needto add or measure re.agents and correc-tion due to interfacing reactions. It alsoeliminates lengthy calculations.

Other features included are thefacility to provide a programmableextraction time, automatic correctionfor interfering reactions, and automaticblank correction when extracting.Analyses can be carried out in thepresence of anti-oxidants and compen-sation is made for small reactions dueto carbonyt compounds.Auriema Ltd., 442 Bath Road, SloughSL 1 6BB.

CO2 analyserVickers Medical have developed a CO2analyser for use in operating theatresand intensive care units. The CD-300analyser measures end-tidal CO2 concen-

Volume No. 5 October 1979 289

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trations, providing an analogue displayof percentage CO2, a digital display ofmin/max CO2 or respiration rate. Abuilt-in two speed capnogram recorderis incorporated.

The .analyser has a range of appli-cations, for example the adequacy ofventilation in anaesthesia increasingpatient safety or to detect changes incirculation, metabolism or respiration,providing early indication of danger.It can be used to check the effect ofrespiratory depressing drugs and anaes-thetic drugs to avoid overdosage, andenables the user to control anaestheticgas flow to optimise gas usage foreconomy and reduce room air contami-nation. In addition, it can be used totest the efficacy of blood transfusion, tocontrol pulmonary circulation duringcardiac by-pass, and to monitor weaningafter anaesthesia. Combined with otherinstrumentation, the CD-300 can beused in pulmonary physiology for longfunction tests, non-invasive measurementof dead space, and measurementof CO2 production rate. Similarly it canbe used in research for the analysis ofpulmonary mechanisms, for metabolicmonitoring during hypothermia orhyper-tension, and for the control of drugtherapy. The CO2 percentage readingcan be corrected for effects of N20 gasautomatically.Vickers Ltd. Engineering Group, SouthMarston, Swindon SN3 4RA.

Trace metal analyserTecator have introduced a trace metalanalyser which uses the principle ofpotentiometric stripping analysis. TheStriptec system is intended mainly forthe analysis of toxic metals (Pb, Cd) inaqueous samples. Metals can be analysedover a concentration of ppb to 10 ppmwithout preconcentration or dilution.The sample must be in an ionic solutionand then apart from acidification nopretreatment of the solution is required.Several metals can be detected and theirconcentrations measured in a singleanalysis. The procedure for analysis iscontrolled by a programming module,the 1069 Processing unit.Tecator AB, Box 70, S-263 O1 Hoganas,Sweden.

UltracentrifugeBeckman have introduced the L8microprocessor controlled ultracentri-fuge series. Microprocessor control onthe L8 ultracentrifuge automates pro-cedures and duplication of run cond-itions. The operator selects rotor speed,run time and other parameters by fingerpressure on a touch control panel.During the run real-time data aredisplayed on a digital readout panel.Audible and visual signals show the

Ultracentrifuge from Beckman

status of operating conditions. The Multipurpose instrumentMemory-PacTM programmable module The Spectroplus-D is now available fromstores the set parameters and allows for MSE Scientific Instruments. This instru-duplicate runs of the LB. The LS’s ment is capable of measuring absorbance,Uttra-8TM drive is a frequency-con- fluorescence, pH, millivoltsand dissolvedtrolled induction motor that drives the oxygen concentration. The new modelrotor directly and is located inside the incorporates a digital display and offersvacuum seal. Other built-in features an expanded pH scale. A new robustinclude a dry-cycle that removes mois-ture from the chamber so that the nextrun can be started instantly, and pro-grams for slow starts with shallowgradients and for zonal rotor operations.Internal diagnostics simplify servicing.Beckham RHC Ltd., Turnpike Road,Cressex Industrial Estate, HighWycombe, Bucks. HP12 3NR.

electrode which covers the full pH rangefrom 0-14 pH units and which operatesbetween 10-70C is incorporated intothe instrument.MSE Scientific Instruments, ManorRoyal, Crawley, West Sussex RHI O2QQ, UK.

Digital titration systemCamlab are the UK distributors of adigital titration system developed byHach. The Digital Titrator, a precisiondispensing device, is used in conjunctionwith a range of pre-prepared high-strength titration solutions.

To run a titration, the relevantcartridge is first fitted into the body ofthe digital titrator. Titrant is thendispensed into the sample by turningthe control knob on the titrator, theresult in mg/1 displayed digitally.Titration can be performed with lessthan ml of reagent, without using aburette.

The .digital titrator is accurate to+-1% for repeat titrations. It is con-structed from precision moulded,heavy-duty acetal plastic, which ischemical and impact-resistant. A cart-ridge containing a 4000 NTU formazinesuspension, stable for over one year, canbe included which simplifies the prepar-ation of turbidmeter standards.Camlab Ltd., Nuf,field Road, CambridgeCB4 1TH, UK.

Atomic absorption spectrophoto-meterPerkin-Elmer have introduced the model4000 atomic absorption spectrophoto-meter. This offers all the performanceof the Model 5000 but without thesequential multielement facility.. Thecomplete system allows instrumentaloperating conditions to be stored inmemory and recalled on demand.A microprocessor controlled gasflowsystem is incorporated. A manuallyoperated six lamp turret is provided andbackground correction made for boththe UV and visible range. An auto-sampler opt,ion is also available topresent the standards and samples tothe instrument in the correct sequence.

Other features of this system includeautomatic wavelength setting, withor without peaking, automatic selectionof the lamp for background correctionand an automatic intensity control. Aflexible data processing package allowsa range of options including erroridentification and a statistics package.Perkin-Elmer Ltd., Post Office Lane,Beaconsfield, Bucks HP9 1QA, UK.

292 Journal of Automatic Chemistry

New ProductsIllIl

Electron microscope from Joel

Data logger replotted on different temperatureChristie Electronics have developed a 12 scales etc to simplify specific heat, heatchannel data logger (CD12)to extend capacity or glass transition measure-their range of instruments. The CD12 merits. Any three parameters can bewill accept analogue signals from therm- recalled or plotted against a fourth. Theocouples and sensors with variable ’recall’ facility also increases the reportsignal input sizes from 12V to 100MV. options open to the analysis.Widely differing voltage settings can be The 1090 System allows a wideaccommodated during any single sum range of analytical routines and is fullydue to a good degree of interchannel compatible with the current range ofcommon mode noise reception, their thermal analysis accessories.Recorded data can then be analysed by Du Pont (UK) Ltd., 64a Wilbury Way,computer systems with suitable ISO- Hitehin, Herts, UK.compatible input facilities. A specialoption allows data to be recorded ontapes compatible with Texas Silent Mass analysis’700’ dual cassette terminals. After loading samples onto sample

The data logger is housed in a light turrets (6 or 16 capacity) the new auto-weight environment proof casing and matic Micromass 54E for solids isotopicthe easy-to-operate controls minimise mass analyses operates completely auto-

Scanning electron microscope operator error. A three digit display matically. Accuracy of the instrumen-Joel have added the JSM-T200 to their provides a visual check on incoming tation and associated software pro-

data from each of the channels being grammes has been tested using the NBSrange of scanning electron microscopes.The specimen is displayed on the highresolution screen and can be focussedfully automatically. Other automaticfeatures such as evacuation and imagerecording are included, and all havemanual override control.

The specimen chamber is large and Thermal analysis systemcontains two separate stages a eucen- Du Pont have introduced the 1090tric one for 20 mm working distance thermal analysis system for academicand one to accommodate large speci- and industrial research. This micro-

recorded, uranium standard and a value of 20Christie Electronics L td., Charlton Kingg 0.09% typically obtained.Industrial Estate, Cireneester Road, New procedures can be tested byCheltenham, Glos, UK. skilled operators prior to incorporation

into standard software ratings using themanual override facilities provided.VG Mieromass, VG Isotopes Ltd.,Ion Path, Road Three, Winsford,Cheshire, CW7 3BX, UK.

mens up to 5" diameter at 48 mm processor controlled instrument allowsworking distance. A wide throat data storage and playback in addition to Chromatographydiffusion pump is situateddirectlybelow data collection and analysis. It also MSE have introduced the ISCO modelthe specimen chamber to provide incorporates significant improvements 1840 monitor for column and liquidimproved vacuum conditions. Available in acquisition, handling and reporting of chromatography, which allows contin-options include x-ray energy dispersive thermo analytical data. The system is uously selectable UV wavelengths downanab is, an integral sputter coater, based around a versatile programmer] to 190 nm. Standard buffers and pro-other signal detectors and alternative recorder with an alphanumeric key- cedures that are unsuited for fixedcameras. The instrument is suitable for board, a printer[plotter and a visual short wavelength detectors operating

at 206 or 214 nm can therefore be used.clean room operation, display unit for operator dialogue.Joel (UK) Ltd., Joel House, Grove Park, As presently configured, up to 12 MSE Scientific Instruments, ManorLondon NW9 0JN, UK. linkable program methods can be stored. Royal, Crawley, Sussex RH10 2QQ, UK.

Heating and cooling rates can be selectedin 0.1C increments to a maximum of

Continuous CO2 monitor 100c per minute. An expanded memory Liquid chromatographThe Beckman LB-3 continuously-moni- capability allows any combination of The LC-75, a variable wavelengthtoring CO2 analyser has been designed nine ramp and three step programs to detector from Perkin-Elmer, has anfor application in intensive care, neonto- be stored. Purge gas can be automati- accessory auto control unit whichlogy, anaesthesia and neurosurgery. The cally selected, saving operator time and combines electronic logic and positiveself-cleaning sampling system monitors attention. The 1090 continuously moni- linkages to lead the user step-by-stepthe patient circuit for 41/2 minutes. Any tots sample temperature in contrast to through chromatographic peak analy-accumulated moisture in the sample heater termperature which it displays sis.system is removed by reversing the linearly in 0.2C increments over the The LC-75 Autocontrol Modulegas flow for 30 seconds, operational range of -190 to 1600C. offers rapid and easy absorbance ratio-

The analyser has audible and visual The 1091 disk memory of eight ing, pushbutton spectral scanning, back-alarms to indicate high and low CO2 million bits retains all experimental ground correction of mobile phaselevels. Variable sample rate of 50-400 data at maximum sensitivity, regardless absorbance effects during gradient opera-ml/min makes the LB-3 suitable for of recorder settings, tion, and selection of optimum wave-both neonatal and adult monitoring. All experimental data are recorded length for each portion of the chroma-Other features include a built-in three- in memory at maximum sensitivity togram. Other features include a push-speed strip-chart recorder, automatic regardless of recorder setting. This button autozero, injection marking,calibration and readout in mmHg. coupled to a recall facility allows direct LED readout of absorbance,The LB-3 can also be coupled to a data to be replotted at lower or higher stored wavelengths and time, andsuitable oxygen analyser such as the sensitivities, and other smaller or larger retention of specific wavelength/OM15 analyser, coordinates without rerunning the absorbance values in absorbance ratioBeckham RIIC Ltd., Turnpike Road, sample. ’Recall’ also allows the expan- mode.Cressex IndustrialEstate, High Wyeombe, sion of minor transitions. Specific Perkin-Elmer Ltd., Post Office Lane,Bucks. HP12 3NR, UK. portions of the thermogram can be Beaconsfield, Bucks HP9 1QA.

Volume No. 5 October 1979 293

New loductsII

Temperature controller and alarmunitsEurotherm have announced two add-itions to their range of solid-statetemperature control equipment. Type211 is a programmer/temperature con-troller which permits any process pro-gramme to be preset in up to eightdifferent levels and seven time segmentsbetween levels. The set programmewhich is permanently displayed on.thefront-panel can only be altered using asecurity key. The programme can bereset or frozen at any stage. A fast runoption allows sequence checking priorto operation.

The instrument can be specified withan integral high-stability controller, orcan provide a set-point for an externalcontroller. The memory is protectedagainst power supply failure.

Type 145 is an indicator whichprovides remote temperature readouton a 31A digit LED display, and alsohas two alarm channels that can be setat any level above or below 300C. The145 can accept inputs from a widerange of thermocouples and thermo-meters, and a wide choice of displayranges is available.Eurotherm Ltd., Broadwater TradingEstate, Worthing, Sussex, UK.

Automatic analyserGreiner Electronics have introduced theG-300 analyser. It is claimed that thenew automatic instrument will handleup to 90% of all routine and emergencyanalyses required in clinical and chemicallaboratories. The analyser has a selectivemode of operation, carrying out onlythose tests which are actually needed,saving reagents, patient serum volumesand manpower. Up to 30 parameterscan be selected from a catalogue of 75different methods, including tests forelectrolytes, metabolites, enzymes,lipids, immunochemistry and enzymeimmunoassays. It is possible to tailortests to specific analysis configurationsin individual laboratories, such as inchildren’s clinics or research laboratories.Greiner Electronics A G, Gaswerkstrasse33, CH-4900 Langenthal, Switzerland.

SpectrophotometerThe model 380 double-beam micro-computer controlled atomic absorptionspectrophotometer, available fromPerkin-Elmer, has the same high energyoptical system including a dual blazedgrating. The microcomputer electronicsfeature a full 4-digit display, built inscale expansion up to 50x, automaticzero calibration and automatic concen-tration curve fitting. Peak height andpeak area readings may be taken contin-uously with variable integration times

Eurotherm’s type 211 programmer/temp controller

from 0.5 to 20 seconds, or integrated and the 2432A also has a ’burst’results may be held until the read measurement facility where short signalbutton is pressed. Separate recorder pulses can be measured and stored forcontrols permit the operator to record display.results using the same calibration and Marconi Instruments Ltd., Longacres,readout modes used on the digits; or St Albans, Hefts AL40JN.to record continuously in absorbance.Three different time constants areavailable for continuous recordertracings. Automatic gain control and anoptional double-beam deuterium arcbackground corrector with automaticintensity control are included. Optionalmicrocomputer gas controls with push-button selection of two oxidants andone fuel are also available.Perkin-Elmer Ltd., Post Office Lane,Beaconsfield, Bucks, UK.

Counter timers and frequencymetersA range of universal counter timers andfrequency meters is available .fromMarconi Instruments. There are sixinstruments in the range; four frequencymeters and two universal counter timers,

Versatile automatic sample injectorAn automatic sample injector for usewith a wide range of instruments,particularly HPLC and gas chromato-graphy, is available from Frost Instru-ments. The instrument incorporates anumber of new features. Samples-the instrument can accommodate up to120 are held within the injector inan inert atmosphere at 4C and in lightproof conditions. Good washoutcharacteristics limit intersample con-taminations. Injections can be carriedout even at high inlet pressures and canbe varied between 10 and 300Ltl. Amanual override facility is availableon the instrument which has a weight of18.6 kg and measures 420 x 415 x300 mm.

allof which have colour coded controls. Frost Instruments Ltd., Fishponds RoadCounter timers 2437 and 2438 cover

DC-100 MHz and DC-520 MHz respec-tively, and feature a delay facility,common or separate inputs and simpletriggering.

The frequency meters, designated2430A, 2431A, 2432A and 2435 cover10Hz 80 MHz 200 MHz, 10Hz-560 MHz and 10 Hz- 2 GHz respectively.They feature automatic gain control onall inputs, a low-pass filter to overcomethe problems of low frequency signalswith superimposed h.f. noise, and inputprotection to safeguard against acci-dental overload. Meters 2432A .and2435 have a low frequency multiplier togive 0.01 Hz resolution in one second

Wokingham, Berks. RGll 2QD, UK.

X-ray spectrometerAn energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometerhas been developed by Philips to inter-face with their PV 9100 multi-channelanalyser. Designated the PV 9500, thenew system automatically identifies allelements from sodium to uranium insolids, powders and liquids. The systemhas a compact two-cabinet constructionso that the spectrometer and analyserconsoles can be independently sited.

The capacity of the sample chamberenables samples measuring up to 10 cm

Volume No. 5 October 1979 295

New Products

high by 10 cm diameter to be accommo-dated. The Si (Li) detector assembly iscooled with liquid nitrogen which needsreplacing every 12 days. The 4000-channel analyser with dual interlockingbus structure optimises the data collec-tion and processing efficiency. Thesingle keyboard input is provided witha series of dynamic function keys thatgive step-by-step guidance through theanalytical procedures. Results andanalytical parameters are presented on acolour video monitor, with a choice ofpresentation modes.

The modular design of the systemenables the PV 9500 to be suppliedas a basic qualitative version, or withfull quantitative capability.N. V. Philip’ Gloeilampenfabrieken,Science & Industry, TQ 111-2, Eindhoven,The Netherlands.

Vacuum emission spectrometerPhilips have introduced a new version oftheir PV 8350 vacuum emission spectro-meter, with a wider range of excitationoptions that includes inductively coupledplasma (ICP) and glow discharge. ICPpermits analysis of any sample that canbe presented in aqueous or organicsolution, measuring the elements presentover wide concentration ranges anddown to ultratrace levels. Glow dis-charge is a more recently developedexcitation method that shows greatpromise for analysis of alloys and studyof element concentration gradients as afunction of depth within a sample.

The compact new model incorporatesstable, fully insulated optics with asimultaneous measurement capacity forup to 40 elements. Operation of thespectrometer is fully automatic, underpre-programmable electronic control.

In the basic instrument results arepresented as spectral line intensities,recorded on a digital printer. Optionalcomputer packages provide direct read-out of element concentrations and auto-matic recalibration. This softwareincludes a range of calculation routinesand a choice of analytical procedures.

For dedicated process or qualitycontrol applications, the spectrometercan be supplied with a single sourceunit such as the Philips 500 Hz mono-alternace system. Where analytical needsare more varied, the PV 8350 can beequipped wi.th more than one modularsource unit, while a specially developedsystem allows different types of measure-ment to be interchanged in less than aminute.N. V. Philips’ Gloeilampenfabrieken,Science & Industry, TQ 111-2, Eindhoven,The Netherlands.

CalendarEditor’s Note:Organisers of conferences, seminars etc.should send details for inclusion in thiscalandar as soon as the relevant informa-tion is available and not later than threemonths before the event.1979Plasma emission spectroscopyNovember 13 14, Harrowgate, YorksD.J. Willis, L.R.LC., Rank Hilger, West-wood Industrial Estate, Ramsgate Rd.,Margate, Kent.

Computers in the clinical laboratoryNovember 19 20, DusseldorfBarbara Soltys, Avenue Marnix, 19A,1050 Brussels, Belgium.

Moisture measurement in solids andgases: available techniques and appli-cationsNovember 27 28, ChislehurstMrs. R. G. Keiller, Sira Institute Ltd.,South Hill, Chislehurst, Kent BR 7 5EH.

Hydrodynamic chromatographyDecember 5, LondonJ.E.C. Harris, Materials Quality Assur-ance Directorate, MoD, Puritan, Bridg-water, Somerset.

Chemistry in the EECDecember 11 12, LondonDr. Peter Baker, 6 Poplar Road, MertonPark, London, SW19.

1980Developments in atomic plasma spectro-chemical analysisJanuary 6 11, San Juan, Puerto RicoICP Information Newsletter, ChemistryGRC Tower I, University of Massa-chusetts, Amherst, 01003, USA.

Recent advances in organic mass spec-trometry in analytical chemistryFebruary 6, LondonThe Secretary, Analytical Division,Chemical Society, Burlington House,London W1 V OBN.

Sophistication in instrumentationhas it gone too far?February 13, LondonD.J. Willis, L.R.L C., Rank Hilger,Westwood Industrial Estate, RamsgateRoad, Margate, Kent.

Advances in applied high-performanceliquid chromatographyFebruary 20, EdinburghDiana Simpson, Analysis For Industry,Factories 2/3, Bosworth House, HighStreet, Thorpe-le-Soken, Essex CO16OEA.

The Pittsburgh ConferenceMarch 10 14, Atlantic City NJDr. R.S. Danchik, 25 Thorncrest Drive,Pittsburgh, PA 15235, USA.

International Chromatography Confer-enceMarch 20 21, FloridaAlena Enterprises of Canada, PO Box1779, Cornwall, Ontario, Canada K6H5V7.

Seventh Annual Report on analyticalatomic spectroscopy symposiumMarch 27, SheffieldD.J. Willis, L.R.L C., Rank Hilger,Westwood Industrial Estate, RamsgateR d, Margate, Kent.

Annual Chemistry CongressApril 9 1, DurhamDr. J.F. Gibson, The Chemical Society,Burlington House, London W1V OBN.

2nd International Congress on Phos-phorous CompoundsApril 21 25, BostonIMPHOS, 8 rue de Pentievre, 75008,Paris, France.

Labware 80April 22 24, LondonLabware Promotions, 28 Worple Road,London SW19 4EE.

Analytica 80April 29 May 2, MunichECL (Exhibition Agencies) Ltd., 11Manchester Square, London W1.

Analytical chemistry of pollutantsMay 28- 30, Dortmund, FRGDr. J. Wendenburg, Gesellschaft Deuts-cher Chemiker, PO Box 900440, D-6000Frankfurtam, Main 90, FRG.

High speed automatic analysisMay 30, GlasgowD.G. Porter, Laboratory of the. Govern-ment Che,tist, Cornwall House, Stam-ford Street, London SE1 9NQ.

Automation at SAC 80July 20- 26, Lancaster, UK.The Secretary, Analytical Division, TheChemical Society, Burlington House,London W1Y OBN.

Laboratory 80September 9 11, LondonCurtis Steadman, 34 36 High Street,Saffron Waldon, Essex.

1981Euroanalysis IVAugust 23 28, Helsinki, Finland,Association of Finnish Chemical Societ-ies. Executive Secretary, PohL Hesper-iankatu 3B10, SF-00260 Helsinki 26,Finland.

Volume 1 No. 5 October 1979 297