Eveof

Exploration

I. Ottoman Empire forced

European traders to look

for all water routes to

India and China.1. Portugal and Spain take

the lead

II. Spain: ruled by King Ferdinand of Aragon and Queen Isabella of Castile (1469)

1. Isabella and Ferdinand financed Christopher Columbus’s legendary journey to the America’s.

Dear Christopher Columbus,

I think your idea is very good.  The voyage may be tricky, but you'll probably be able to sail to the Indies and back in a shorter time than the rest of the paths. Although, it might not work.   I hope you have fun.

                                                                   Sincerely,                                    Queen Isabella

2. Reconquista—campaign began by Christians to recapture Spain from the Moors (Spanish Muslims)

3. Inquisition—Isabella and

Ferdinand organized court to

seek out heresy.

A. Results:

a. Muslims and Jews were questioned and tortured into

admitting heresy

b.Those who refused to

convert to Christianity

were tortured, burned at

the stake, or exiled

(about 150,000 people)

III. Impact of Technology on Exploration:

1. Printing Press—made books on the world and geography more available

2. gunpowder—brought to Europe by Arab traders in 1200’s A. European trading ships were now equipped with cannons

3. Naval Technology: A. cartographers—mapmakers

made more accurate maps

B. compass—Europeans learned to use to tell direction at sea

C. astrolabe—developed by Arabs to help figure out latitude at sea

Make a trading card for each of the following explorers:♦Bartolomeu Dias (Pages 464-465)♦Vasco da Gama (Page 466)♦Christopher Columbus (Page 483-484 and 489)♦Hernando Cortez (Pages 485-486)♦Francisco Pizarro (Page 486-487)

For each explorer, include the following information of the lined side of your index cards:

♦The years they sailed♦The country they sailed for♦Their goal ♦Their discovery/achievement ♦Their treatment towards the natives (Columbus, Cortez,

Pizarro ONLY!)

On the blank side of the index card, draw a picture depicting the explorer’s

discovery and achievement. DO NOT write the explorer’s name on the picture side!

Using a different color for each explorer, plot

the voyages of each of the following explorers on the blank map:

♦Bartolomeu Dias (Pgs 467)♦Vasco da Gama (Pg 467)♦Christopher Columbus in 1492

(Pg 484)♦Hernando Cortez (Pgs 484)♦Francisco Pizarro (Pg 484)

On the back side of your map, list each

explorer and describe:

♦Their discovery/achievement