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EV-DO Rev B and HSPA Release 7 Regulatory Information

John ForresterTCB Conference February 21, 2008

80-W1549-1 Rev. A

2

MAY CONTAIN U.S. EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION80-W1549-1 Rev. A

This technical data may be subject to U.S. and international export, re-export or transfer ("export") laws. Diversion contrary to U.S. and international law is strictly prohibited.

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Copyright © 2008 QUALCOMM Incorporated. All rights reserved.

3

Agenda

• Goals– Understanding of new functionality of EVDO Rev B and the deviations from

RevA– Understanding of HSPA+ and impacts to UE

• Agenda:– WWAN Technology Roadmap– EV-DO Evolution– EV-DO Rev A Review– EV-DO Rev B and similarities to Rev A– 3GPP2 RF Conformance Testing for Rev B– Introduction to HSPA+ and Uplink Enhancements

• New Regulatory Considerations for Devices– Types of devices– Procedures for SAR testing


4

Wireless Evolution Roadmap

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 +1999

Wide-Area Multicast Technologies

Local-Area Technologies

EV-DOPlatinum Multicast

EV-DOGOLD

WCDMAMBMS

FLO/DVB-H

CDMA CDMA/TDM OFDM OFDMA

MobileWANTechnologies

802.11 n (Full)802.11n802.11a/g802.11b

LTE

EV-DOREV B

EV-DOREV A

EV-DOREL 0

CDMA20001X

UMB1Rev 0FLASH-OFDM

Rev 1FLASH-OFDM (Pre- UMB)

HSPA +Rel-7 (Ph 1) Rel-8 (Ph 2)Rel-5 (HSDPA)

HSPA Rel-6 (HSUPA)Rel-99

WCDMA

1-UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), previously referred to as Rev C LBC


5

EV-DO Rel 0

• Efficient data delivery for CDMA2000 1X networks– New RF carrier to existing radio equipment– Designed for efficient delivery of best effort, asymmetric traffic

• Increased capacity– 870 kbps forward link sector capacity– 316 kbps reverse link sector capacity

• Higher data rates– 2.4 Mbps on forward link– 153 kbps on reverse link

• QoS – Enables different grades of services based on subscription

level

• Enhanced services and applications– Greatly improved end-user experience for applications such

email download, file transfers, VoD & MoD– DO Gold Multicast

• Backward compatibility– Re-use core network and radio infrastructure– Handoffs supported from DO to 1X


6

EV-DO Rev A

• Key Improvements– Designed for symmetric traffic– Reduced latency and optimized QoS

• Increased capacity– 1.2 times Rel 0 forward link sector capacity– 3.4 times Rel 0 reverse link sector capacity

• Higher data rates– 3.1 Mbps peak data rate on forward link– 1.8 Mbps peak data rate on reverse link

• QoS– User based and flow based prioritization– Enables different grades of services based on subscription level to expand the

addressable market

• Enhanced services and applications– Improves user experience UL intensive apps (sending files, picture/video messaging)– Target mass market for applications such as mobile social networking– DO Platinum Multicast

• Backward compatibility– Continued support for existing Rel 0 devices

Social Networking


7

EV-DO Rev B

• Key Improvements– Aggregates multiple carriers for higher performance

• Increased capacity– Bigger pipe to address more users & encourage longer usage

• Higher data rates– Proportional to number of carriers aggregated– Flexible frequency re-use configurations

• QoS– Reduced delays from with delivery from a bigger pipe

• Enhanced services and applications– Significantly enhanced user experience for existing applications

throughout cell coverage – Faster Download of Higher Quality, Longer Video and Music

• Backward compatibility– Software upgrade to existing DOrA channel cards– Continued support for existing Rev A devices

Higher Quality and Longer

VideosMAY CONTAIN U.S. EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION80-W1549-1 Rev. A

8

Acronyms

• AT: Access Terminal (mobile device)

• AN: Access Network

• BC0: Band Class 0, 850 MHz, Cell Band

• BC1: Band Class 1, 1900 MHz, PCS band

• DOrA: EV-DO RevA

• DOrB: EV-DO Rev B


9

EV-DO Standards References

• Rev B Minimum Performance Standards (MPE) have not been released yet– Air interface standards are released

Defines test applications used in RF conformance testing.Test Application Specification (TAS) for High Rate Packet Data Air Interface C.S0029-0

Test requirements for EV-DO Release BRecommended Minimum Performance Standards for cdma2000 High Rate Packet Data Access Network

C.S0033-B (not released yet)

Test requirements for EV-DO Release ARecommended Minimum Performance Standards for cdma2000 High Rate Packet Data Access NetworkC.S0033-A

Test requirements for EV-DO Release 0Recommended Minimum Performance Standards for cdma2000 High Rate Packet Data Access NetworkC.S0033-0

EV-DO Revision Bcdma2000 High Rate Packet Data Air Interface SpecificationC.S0024-B

EV-DO Revision Acdma2000 High Rate Packet Data Air Interface SpecificationC.S0024-A

EV-DO Release 0cdma2000 High Rate Packet Data Air Interface SpecificationC.S0024-0

Notes3GPP Standard Reference3GPP2 Standard Number


10

EV-DO Signal Creation

• Physical Channels are multiplexed and unconverted to create CDMA signal– Reverse link uses BPSK for Release 0– Rev A introduced QPSK and 16QAM modulation on the reverse link


11

DO Physical Channels

• Access channels are used for registration session initiation and not important for regulatory testing

• Traffic channels are utilized during regulatory testing– Auxiliary Pilot and Data Source Control Channels added in RevA


12

EV-DO Physical Channel descriptions

• Pilot – Used for reverse link power control

• Auxiliary Pilot – Helps decoding of larger packet formats

• Medium Access Control– Reverse Rate Indicator: Indicates reverse link data rate to the AN– Data Rate Control: Indicates supported Forward Traffic Channel Data rate to

network– Data Source Control: Indicates the selected serving cell on the Forward link

to network

• ACK: Notifies network when forward link physical layer packed has been successfully received

• DATA: User data


13

EV-DO Information for RF Conformance Testing

• 3GPP2 Standards define Access Channel Subtypes– Subtypes determine the packet formats supported– No new packet formats in RevB. Subtype 3 indicates multi-carrier

functionality

• Power Control– EV-DO devices incorporate power control capabilities– For RF conformance testing, AT is commanded to transmit at max power by

sending “all up bits”• AT increases transmit power level until it achieves it’s maximum calibrated level

EVDO Rev BSubtype 3

EVDO Rev ASubtype 2

EVDO Release 0 physical layer with additional packet sizesSubtype 1

EVDO Release 0 (original)Subtype 0

Description3GPP2 Physical Layer Reference


14

EV-DO Standardized Test Applications

• 3GPP2 Standard defines “Test Applications” used for RF conformance testing– Test Applications define physical configurations for EVDO forward and

reverse links– TAP applications defines packet format and data rates– Test Application are Defined in C.S0029

• TAP settings are defined in C.S0033Rev B

Forward Multiple Test Application Protocol FMCTAP

Rev AForward Test Application Protocol FTAP

Standardized Forward link (base station TX) physical

channel configuration used for conformance testing. Data rate

can be configured.

Release 0Forward Enhanced Test Application Protocol FETAP

Rev BReverse Multi-Carrier Test Application Protocol RMCTAP

Rev AReverse Enhanced Test Application ProtocolRETAP

Standardized Reverse link (mobile TX) physical channel

configuration used for conformance testing. Data rate

can be configured.

Release 0Reverse Test Application Protocol RTAP

DescriptionEVDO ApplicabilityNameTest Application


15

EV-DO Data Rates

• Packet format defines data rate.– RTAP and RETAP configure packets for effective data rate

Rel 0 Modulation Parameters and Data Rates

Rev A Modulation and Data Rates

B4=BPSK, Q2,Q4=QPSK, E2E4=8-PSK


16

EV-DO RF Conformance Testing Review

• 3GPP2 Defines EV-DO test requirements and procedures in C.S0033– C.S0033-0 – EV-DO Release 0– C.S0033-A – EV-DO Rev A (also includes Release 0 information)– C.S0033-B – Does not exist yet

• C.P0033-B is draft standard• Will include RevB information in addition to information in C.S0033-A

• Important EV-DO Test Parameters to be considered– EV-DO Access Channel Subtypes– Properly configure FTAP/FETAP/FMCTAP and RTAP/RETAP/RMCTAP

• Set reverse data rate• Set forward data using 2-slot version

– EV-DO Standardized Test Applications– Properly set power control

• Per 3GPP2 “continuously “0” power bits– Set proper protocol release (Rel 0 vs Rev A)


17

EV-DO Rev B Reverse Link Summary

• Rev B aggregates Rev A RF channels for higher performance– RevB is Multi-carrier Rev A

• Rev B vs Rev A– Standard allows up to 17 Rev A carriers

– No change to physical channel structure of Rev A carriers• Each Rev B carrier is a single Rev A carrier

– Occupied BW of individual carrier is unchanged from Rev A

– Multi Carrier Maximum Transmit Power is equal to the maximum power of a single Rev A carrier

– Each Rev. link carrier as individual power control• Same Power control procedures for Rev A

– No change to frequency channelization of carriers


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Rev B: Enhanced Experience for Broadband Apps

50% of Rev B (5MHz) Users Have Greater than 1.5 Mbps on the RL

2.5 MHz 5 MHz1.25 MHzFL Peak Data Rate 3.1 Mbps 6.2 Mbps 9.3 Mbps

FL Avg Data Rate 1.25 Mbps 2.5 Mbps 3.75 Mbps

FL Cell Edge Data Rate 0.5 Mbps 1.0 Mbps 1.5 Mbps

Web Page Response Time Baseline 38% reduction 50% reduction

DOrA 2X DOrB 3X DOrB

••Rev B Aggregates Multiple Rev B Aggregates Multiple DOrADOrA Carriers for Higher PerformanceCarriers for Higher Performance


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Likely Initial Rev B HW Launch configuration

• Initial devices will likely be limited to a maximum of 3 Reverse link RF carriers

• RF Carriers will be contained with a 7 MHz Bandwidth– Carriers do not have to be adjacent channels– Devices will likely use a single Power Amplifier

• Symmetric number of forward/reverse carriers is not required by Air Interface Standards

• Initial Deployment– Maximum of 3 reverse link carriers– Carriers are within a 10 MHz bandwidth

• HW Design– Single PA– Single transmitter antenna– Devices typically have a receive only diversity antenna– Expectation is that initial devices are data only (PC cards)


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Example Channel Deployments

• Actual deployment configurations are dependent on carrier deployment

• Figure shows three possible channel configurations


25 50 75

100

125

150

175

200

225

250

275

450

475

500

525

550

575

300

325

350

375

400

425

600

625

RevB

_1

RevB_2

RevB_3

RevB

_1

RevB_2

RevB_3

RevB

_1

RevB_2

RevB_3

575

600

625

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Rev B Regulatory Considerations

• Max Power– Measurement required for 1 carrier and multi carrier– Power Backoff associated with multi carrier configurations

• Emissions– New considerations for a multi-carrier system (MC)– 3GPP2 C.S0033 is being modified for multi-carrier test considerations– Intermodulation (IM) products

• Frequency Stability: No change to 3GPP2 measurement

• Occupied Bandwidth: No change to 3GPP2 measurement

• RF Safety– No changes


22

3GPP2 Defined RF Conformance Test Cases

• Table summarizes the FCC related 3GPP2 RF conformance tests– New additions for Rev B are noted

Single Carrier requirement only<1.48 MHz4.4.3Occupied BW

Single Carrier requirements unchangedAdds max # of adjacent channel carrier test caseAdds two carrier maximum separation test case

4.4.1.3-1 to 4.4.1.3-104.4.1Conducted Emissions

Additional "Test 2" for RevB carriers. 3.3dB power backoff allowance.4.3.4.3-14.3.4Maximum Output Power

No changesN/A4.1.2Frequency Accuracy

Rev B NotesLimit TableStandard SectionTest


23

Max Power Considerations

• Maximum Transmit power of multi-carrier is equal to single carrier maximum output power– Power/carrier reduces as carriers are added

• Multi-carrier operation allows power reduction to help AT to meeting emissions requirements– Proposed C.S0033 maximum power minimum standard allows up to 3.3 dB

of power backoff– Rev A does not allow power backoff

16.712.22512415

50.217.0251245

62.818.0251244

83.719.2251243

125.621.0251242

251.224.0251241

(mW)(dBm)(mW)(dBm)# Rev. B Carriers

Power per CarrierTotal Power

RevB

_1

RevB

_2

RevB

_3

Single C

arrier


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3GPP2 New Max Power Measurement Procedure

• RevB revisions adds additional max power test to section C.S00334.3.4– Current requirement is for Subtype 0/1 and 2 (“Test 1”)– “Test 2” is for Subtype 3 (Rev B)

• Subtype 3 (RevB) maximum power procedure specifies to configure the AT to transmit on N carriers with the closest frequency separation (Adjacent carriers)– RMCTAP/FMCTAP used for Subtype 3

• Proposed 3GPP C.S0033 configuration information

Configure N carriers for adjacent channel operation at max powerFMCTAP= 2-slot 307.2kbpsRMCTAP= 4096 bitsSubtype 3

FETAP= 2-slot 307.2kbpsRETAP= 4096 bitsSubtype 2Single Channel at max power

FTAP= 2-slot 307.2kbpsRTAP= 153kbpsSubtype 0/1

3GPP2 ConfigurationForward LinkReverse LinkMode


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3GPP2 Emissions Requirements

• C.S0033 will be amended to address to RevB configurations– Adjacent channel test cases– Non-adjacent channel configurations

• Intermodulation Concern– Input of multiple DO carriers to PA generates IM products – Typically 3rd order IM products are the worst

• C.S003 Non-adjacent channel test configuration addresses Rev B intermodulation concerns– Adjacent and non-adjacent carrier test configurations defined– Power/carrier is reduced as carriers are added, so fewer carriers can result in lower

emissions since the amplitude of each carrier is lower as carriers are added

• Three test configurations are defined– Test 1 = Subtype 0 or 1 and Subtype 2– Test 2 = Subtype 3 with 2 carriers spaced with the maximum possible carrier frequency

separation– Test 3 = Subtype 3 Max N adjacent channels

• 3GPP2 Emissions Mask is the same as FCC limit– Takes into account FCC band edge measurement – Out-of-band emissions limit is -13dBm


26

3GPP2 Emissions Summary

• Table summarizes 3GPP2 Emissions tests cases

Maximum adjacent RevBcarriers4.4.1.3-94.4.1

FMCTAP= 2-slot 307.2kbpsRMCTAP= 4096 bitsSubtype 3

Conducted Emissions Test 3 - Adjacent carriers, N=3 BC0,14

4.4.1.3-84.4.1FMCTAP= 2-slot 307.2kbpsRMCTAP= 4096 bitsSubtype 3

Conducted Emissions Test 2 -BC13

RevBcarrier at maximum frequency separation

4.4.1.3-74.4.1FMCTAP= 2-slot 307.2kbpsRMCTAP= 4096 bitsSubtype 3

Conducted Emissions Test 2 - BC03

No change4.4.1.3-14.4.1FETAP= 2-slot 307.2kbpsRETAP= 4096 bitsSubtype 2

Conducted Emissions: Single Carrier BC12

No change4.4.1.3-24.4.1FETAP= 2-slot 307.2kbpsRETAP= 4096 bitsSubtype 2


No change4.4.1.3-14.4.1FTAP= 2-slot 307.2kbpsRTAP= 153kbpsSubtype 0/1


No change4.4.1.3-24.4.1FTAP= 2-slot 307.2kbpsRTAP= 153kbpsSubtype 0/1


Rev B Notes

C.S0033 Limit TableC.S0033 SectionForward LinkReverse LinkModeTestTest #


27

RF Safety

• RevB has no impact to RF safety

• Single carrier SAR representative of worst case given it has highest max power– No power backoff permitted

• Multicarrier– Scenario #1: Max power is equal to single carrier– Scenario #2: Max power as up to 3dB power reduction– Max power results are validated through max power testing

• Future testing will validate single carrier vs. multi-carrier test results


28

A Well Established Mobile Broadband Evolution Path

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 +1999

1 – 14.4 Mbps supported in standard, incremental product release expected

2 – Upper range for DL peak rates includes 64-QAM and 2x2 MIMO (Rel 8)

3 – 20 MHz, FDD, 64-QAM, 4x4 MIMO in DL and 64-QAM, 1 TX in UL.

4 – 1.25 MHz option also expected to be in the standard

DL: 1.8-14.4 Mbps peak1

UL: 384 kbps peak

– All-IP Services– Broadband

downloads

DL: 1.8-14.4 Mbps peak1

UL: 5.72 Mbps peak

– Broadband uploads– Reduced end to end delay– Real-time services (VoIP,

packet VT, PTT)– Multicast (MBMS)

DL: 14-42 Mbps peak2

UL: 11 Mbps peak

– Enhanced capacity for real-time services (ie VoIP…)

– MIMO– Backward compatibility

– OFDMA in DL– SC-FDMA in UL– Flexible carrier bandwidths up

to 20MHz4

– Common FDD & TDD modes– Higher order MIMO/SDMA

LTE

DL: up to 278 Mbps peak3

UL: up to 85 Mbps peak3

DL: 384 kbps peakUL: 384 kbps peak

CDMA CDMA/TDM OFDMA

HSPA Evolved (HSPA+)Rel-7 (Ph 1) Rel-8 (Ph 2)

HSPA Rel-6 (HSUPA)Rel-99

WCDMARel-5 (HSDPA)


29

Rel 99 - WCDMA

• 3G evolution path for GSM/GPRS/EDGE– New radio network– Utilizing 5 MHz of bandwidth

• Increased capacity– Significant increases in voice capacity, DL and UL sector throughput

• Higher data rates– Packet data - DL/UL - 384 kbps (2 Mbps per standard)– Circuit switched – 64 kbps

• Enhanced services and applications– Significant improvement in end-user experience for existing

applications – Circuit switched video telephony– Simultaneous voice and data applications become practical

• Backward compatibility– Reuse of GPRS core network nodes– Support for inter-system (WCDMA-GSM) handovers


30

Rel 5 - HSDPA

• HSDPA Key improvements on downlink – Shared channel transmission – time, codes and power– Higher order modulation – 16 QAM– Adaptive modulation and coding with Node B scheduling – Hybrid ARQ with faster retransmissions

• Increased capacity– 300% gain in DL sector capacity

• Higher data rates– DL peak data rates up to 7.2 Mbps (14.4 Mbps per standard)

• QoS – Enables different grades of services based on subscription level to expand

the addressable market

• Enhanced services and applications– Improves end-user experience for existing applications (web browsing, VoD &

MoD..)– Target mass market for applications such as high quality video downloads

• Backward compatibility– Continued support for Rel 99 handsets

Video On-Demand


31

Rel 6 - HSUPA

• HSUPA Extends benefits of HSDPA to Uplink– Fast Uplink Scheduling– Fast & efficient re-transmission (HARQ) on UL– Shorter TTI on uplink

• Increased capacity– 80% gain in UL sector capacity

• Higher data rates – Provides UL peak data rates of up to 5.76 Mbps

• QoS – Enables different grades of services based on subscription level to expand the

addressable

• Enhanced services and applications– Improves user experience UL intensive apps (sending files, picture/video messaging)– Support for delay sensitive services (VoIP, VT) and low latency networked gaming– Target mass market for applications such as mobile social networking– Enables efficient multicast transmission (MBMS)

• Backward compatibility– Continued support for Rel 99 and HSDPA handsets

Social Networking


32

Release 7 HSPA

• Rel 7 HSPA enhances R6 HSPA to significantly increase performance in a 5MHz carrier bandwidth

• Increased capacity – 2X gain in DL capacity*– 4X gain in UL capacity*

• Higher data rates – Increased peak rate in high SNR scenarios - MIMO– DL: 14-21 Mbps peak (no MIMO)– DL: 28 Mbps peak (2x2 MIMO)– UL: 11 Mbps peak (16-QAM)

• Enhanced services and applications – Enhances system capacity for VoIP and other low-throughput delay

sensitive applications– Reduced set-up times, enhanced support for real time services (Packet VT,

VoIP and enriched V+D applications)

• Backward compatible– Continued support for Rel. 99 and HSPA terminals

* Numbers based on advanced receivers at node B and UEMAY CONTAIN U.S. EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION80-W1549-1 Rev. A

33

Rel 7 HSPA More Than Doubles Peak Data Rates

• MIMO doubles peak rates and increases cell capacity– Provides significant throughput gains to users in high SNR regimes– Increases average cell throughput by 15 to 55%– MIMO UEs coexist with legacy and non MIMO UEs in the same carrier– D-TxAA: Dual Transmit Adaptive Array scheme chosen for 3GPP (2x2 DL

MIMO)

• Higher Order Modulation further increases peak rates and cell capacity– DL: 64-QAM provides higher data rates to users with better C/I– UL: 16-QAM provides higher data rates to users with power headroom

11 Mbps (16-QAM)

28 Mbps (16-QAM)

MIMO (2x2 DL MIMO)

11 Mbps (16-QAM)

14 Mbps (16-QAM)

21 Mbps (64-QAM)

Non-MIMO

DL

UL

Peak Data Rate

HSPA+


34

Release 7 Regulatory Aspects

• New HSUPA UE Category 7– 3GPP TS 25.306 includes Cat 7 in V8.1.0

• Only change to the UE uplink is added modulations– R99 and R5 (HSDPA) channels continue to use BPSK– E-DPCH channel(s) can also use QPSK or 16QAM to achieve higher UL data

rates– No new physical channel types

• UL RF Conformance changes to 3GPP 34.121 – No change to 34.121 max power measurements– No change to 34.121 emissions requirements

• MIMO for HSPA+ adds TX antennas to Node B only.– No change to UE transmitter– UE supports DL MIMO signaling through existing HS-DPCCH channel


35

. Future FCC WWAN Bands/Technologies

• AWS Band– 1710-1755 paired with 2110-2155– Auctioned in Fall 06– HSPA Deployments beginning– Rules found in FCC Part 27

• 700 Band– Auction began Jan 08– TBD technologies– Rules found in FCC Part 27

• Next Generation WWAN Technologies based on OFDMA– WIMAX, UMB, LTE– Variable BW 1.25MHz to 20 MHz– TDD and FDD– MIMO– ….more to come


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