GREEN CANVASTEAM MEGALION

EUTROPHICATION

“Eutrophication” as global threatThe other side of the story•59% of world Irrigation water contributed by “surface fresh water”•87% surface fresh water is from lakes & river.

surface water59%

others41%

irrigation water use(million gallons per day)The International Lake Environment Committee (ILEC), in

cooperation with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), undertook a project entitled “Survey of the State of the World Lakes” on 217 lakes world wide.

All 217 lakes included in the ILEC survey showed an increase in the level of eutrophication over the past 50 year

DAL LAKE SCENARIO

FACTS • Dal Lake has shrunk from 26sq.kms (1900) To11.5sq.Kms(2004)•Scientific estimated life of Dal Lake is 154 +/-12years with no conservation efforts

•Dal Lake is estimated to be about 70,000 comprising 6000 families

•A huge population explosion lead to large amount of deforestation as need for land for housing and irrigation. This results in high siltation in lakes

•Increased agricultural activity near lake causes more surface run-off with high nitrogen and phosphorus content, mainly from eastern and northern coastline

Dal lake hamlets 25-30 MLD of sewage finds its way into the lake annually

•LOW a figures show that 5.5 tons of phosphorous and 88.9 tons of nitrogen drain into the Dal each year from human settlements, hotels and farms

•Phosphorous content in the Gagribal basin of the lake rose from 70-506 mg/l in 1977 to 136-5,060 mg/l in 1996 & Bud Dal basin, where phosphorous levels rose from 65-620 mg/1 to 136-8,106 mg/l

•In the Brari-Numbal area, hit hard by the construction of the Marpalan road, the dissolvedoxygen level has been found to be less than 5 milligrams per liter

•40000-50000 tons of dead and allochthonous material are added every year

Restoration of Dal lakeTeilbal Nallah catchment. Agriculture always plays an important

role in nutrient flows-construction of green bufferRealignment of house boat for better waste managementProper water treatment with efficient treatment plant. As there is already energy crisis in Kashmir previous FAB based technology was proved to be ineffective. Root Zone Base water treatment would be effectiveConnecting all sewage pipe at periphery to one main sewage lineRestoration of a natural outflow channel (“NallaMar”) that will suck and drain extra pollutants from Dal LakeInstallation Boat Sewage Treatment System or Sewage holding tankBiodiversity conservation whereby achieving self sustaining native and endemic fish population through targeted restocking and enhancing diversityreduce the prolific growth of endemic and exotic aquatic plants species like lemna, Salvinia and Azolla.

Idol Immersion & Eutrophication on Local Ponds

•Both ponds above are used for same human purposes eg. Bathing , washing cloths and utensils. •One pond is subject to 200(approx) idol immersions every year.

•High turbidity•Obnoxious smell•High amount of green algae

•Less turbidity•No such smell•Less amount of algae

Facts Supporting The Direct Relation Between Idol Immersion and Eutrophic Characteristics :-

I)Several parts of idols consist of •Cloths• jute (hair) • certain dyes.•Interior framework made of straw These act as extra nutrient source

II) Idol immersion process include dumping of •flowers, •leaves,• different parts of banana plant that areused in worshiping. These wastes build suitable condition for algal growth.

DAL LAKE SCENARIO

Preventive Measures taken during cultivation

Controlling sources of nutrients:• Use of green fertizer (ex: bio char)• Bio filter: native plant buffer• Reducing nitrogen content by nitrogen

fixing bacteria• Manage leaf litter

“Preventions in other cases Controlling the use of chemical detergent

(introduce soap nuts) Trying to promote sustainable and financially

profitable sanitation services Restricting boat traffic in lakes Introducing meandering in rivers Controlling cattle grazing

Restoration Sediment dredging Biomanipulation Multilayered local soil Phoslock Other methods are addition of calcium

nitrate, buffered alum, dyes and barley straw

Biomanipulation

Modified local soil

Principles

Functions

Phoslock

Role of Government•Indian Government should adopt some policy to provide green payment to farmers who reduce fertilizer use.same policy adopted by EU common agricultural policy(CAP)•Improving “Nirmal Bharat” scheme by adopting Green toilet technology available •phosphate free detergents and product which are available are costly. Government should take step to make it accessible• Ask for collaboration with International Institution like

UNESCO,CEE,WWF• Proper monitoring at definite interval of time.• Government should make special efforts making easy Data

sharing and a forum for it.

THANK YOU