european digitisation activity

European Digitisation Activity: Issues for the creation of a digital Europe

Dr Paul Ayris Director of UCL Library Services and UCL Copyright OfficerPresident of LIBER (Association of European Research Libraries)

[email protected]

Contents

1. The European Information Landscape2. LIBER and Europeana Travel3. LIBER and Early European Books4. Copyright and IPR5. Digital Preservation6. European policy on Open Access

o EU Consultation on Access to, and Preservation of, Scientific Informationo LERU Roadmap Towards Open Access

7. Conclusions

VRE/VLE/ local web

Student/UCL Library systems

Social networking tools Google interface to Internet

Prescribed core readingsand textbooks

Localholdings

Paper and e-

External content subscribed and free

Research collaborations; Primary data; Group

project work; Learning interface

Pay fees; book residences;pay fines; see course andexam marks; see loans

information

Core textbooks (STM); Digital readings (AHSS)

Books/Journals/AV/Digital Collections

and Archives

YouTube, FaceBook, Flickr Global resources - free E-Journals, E-Books, mass digitisation

Digitised/born- digital materials

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7. Conclusions

Europeana Travel

See http://www.europeanatravel.eu/

LIBER project launched at Tallinn in May 2009

Completed in May 2011

See http://www.libereurope.eu/

and an article on Europeana Travel at http://liber.library.uu.nl/publish/issues/2009-2/index.html?000469

€1,000,000 project, funded by EU

Aim was to digitise over 1,000,000 units of content on the themes of Travel, Tourism and Exploration and to make these materials available via the Europeana portal at http://www.europeana.eu/

National Library of Latvia

http://www.europeanatravel.eu/

http://www.libereurope.eu/

http://liber.library.uu.nl/publish/issues/2009-2/index.html?000469

http://www.europeana.eu/

Partners

19 project partners Includes 10 National Libraries 6 University and Research Libraries

Göttingen State and University LibraryLund University LibraryMoravian Library in BrnoTrinity College DublinUCL (University College London)University Library of InnsbruckUniversity Library of Regensburg UCL SSEES

Content Output UnitsImages 33,300Pages 193,650Maps 5,857Books 15,879Documents 18,300Glass Plates 3,733Film Negatives 25,000Photographic Objects 11,600Journal Pages 155,000Shellacs 30Postcards 180,000Manuscripts / Graphic sheets 604

User Needs Involvement Country

General UserGeneral readingNative interface

Google mindedUses You Tube

All partners

School childrenHomeworkNative interface

Uses Web 2.0 All partners

Academic UserResearch matterTrusted sources

Specific materialAdvanced search

All partners

Expert Researcher

Pay for ValueAdded services?

Specific materialAdvanced search

All partners

Librarian / Archivist

Best practiceAdd information

Target for dissemination

Whole of Europe

Issues with this approach to digitisation

Fantastic content …but

Project was only 50% fundedby the Commission

European Research Libraries do not have digitisation as a budget heading in their operational budgets

Only material out of copyright could be included because rightsclearance would have been toocomplex

No centralised arrangements forthe digital preservation of content

National & University Library of Slovenia

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7. Conclusions

Early European Books

LIBER chairs the Early European Books Advisory Board

A commercial offering from ProQuest

Aim is to create high-quality digitised content for ALL Europe’s printed output between 1475 and 1700

Builds on the very successful EEBO service (Early English Books Online)

Typically, nation’s output is 50% in Latin and 50% in the vernacular

Business model is subscription based for at least 10 years, Open Access to the work thereafter

Open Access in the country of origin from day 1

Making digitised content relevant

Principal feature of the offering is the mass of content being made available – aim is for complete European coverage

Open Access is a feature of this commercial offering

Materials will be available to the world, free at point of use, after a minimum of 10 years

Partner is respected as a world leader in offering digital content to the research community

For list of packages currently available

See http://eeb.chadwyck.com/marketing/about.jsp

http://eeb.chadwyck.com/marketing/about.jsp

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7. Conclusions

Copyright and IPR (Intellectual Property Rights)

How can Openness be embedded in the European Information landscape?

World will not become Open Access overnight

Steps can be taken to change the current way the world works – for education and research to enjoy the results which more openness

brings

The EU should make changes to the current EU copyright framework

Hargreaves Report in UK urges a number of changes to the UK copyright framework and a closer linkage between UK and EU legislative positions

See http://www.ipo.gov.uk/ipreview-finalreport.pdf

http://www.ipo.gov.uk/ipreview-finalreport.pdf

Copyright and IPR (Intellectual Property Rights)

There should be a fair dealing exemption for text and data mining for non- commercial use

This would strengthen research across the EU

EU should identify ways for extended collective licensing to take place for out of commerce and orphan works

so that these materials can be digitised for the benefit of research and education

EU should ensure that contracts and licences cannot overturn Fair Dealing exemptions, as currently happens

Fair dealing exemptions should also cover format shifting to allow libraries and memory institutions to digitally preserve for the long term the digital content that European researchers use and need

Were this progress in the EU’s copyright/IPR frameworks to be made, Member States could follow suit

Greater openness would result if these changes were made.

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7. Conclusions

Digital Preservation

US-UK Blue Ribbon Task Force on Economically-Sustainable Digital Preservation laid out the conditions that should prevail in order for the scholarly outputs of researchers to be digitally preserved for the long term

See http://www.jisc.ac.uk/brtf

A number of scenarios looked at the level of preparation of various communities to undertake digital preservation

Academic libraries were amongst the best prepared

US Film Industry, by contrast, was not.

Jon Landau, the producer of Avatar, was honest in saying that no arrangements had been made for the digital preservation of his film

It was not clear whose responsibility to undertake that work it was

http://www.jisc.ac.uk/brtf


European research needs sustainable infrastructures for long-term access to digital materials

Key QuestionsRoles and ResponsibilitiesDoes everyone need to undertake digital preservation, or can it be

left to a chosen few?What infrastructure is needed to deliver long-term access?Who will pay?How much will it cost? Does copyright legislation at the EU and Member State level need to

change?

Digital Preservation – LIBER and APARSEN

LIBER is a partner in the APARSEN Best Practice network on Digital Preservation

Economically-sustainable digital preservation requires:

Recognition of the benefits of digital preservation on the part of key decision-makers

Incentives for the decision-makers to act in the public interest

A process for selecting digital materials for long-term preservation

Mechanisms to secure an ongoing, efficient allocation of resources to digital preservation activities

Appropriate governance of digital preservation activities

LIBER and APARSEN

LIBER will look at the level of preparation in Europe to adopt the Blue Ribbon Task Force’s recommendations

Led by Austrian National Library and the University of Patras

LIBER will survey key stakeholders with an interest in digital preservation 4 stakeholder categories

Research Data

Scholarly Discourse

Collectively-created Content

Commercially-owned Cultural Content

The National and International agencies category of stakeholders identified by the Blue Ribbon report will also be contacted

Result will be a comprehensive Report on the situation in Europe

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7. Conclusions

EU Consultation

EU Consultation on Access to, and Preservation of, Scientific Information took place in Luxembourg on 31 May 2011

LIBER’s Statement is available at http://www.libereurope.eu/news/llber- statement-at-the-public-hearing-on-access-to-and-preservation-of- scientific-information-l

Statement covers:

Open Access

Copyright reform


EU will be consulting further with a view to issuing an EU Directive

http://www.libereurope.eu/news/llber-statement-at-the-public-hearing-on-access-to-and-preservation-of-scientific-information-l



LERU Roadmap Towards Open Access

A consortium of 22 research-intensive universities in Europe

See http://www.leru.org/index.php/public/home/.

LERU is committed to

Education through an awareness of the frontiers of human understanding

Creation of new knowledge through basic research, which is the ultimate source of innovation in society

Promotion of research across a broad front, which creates a unique capacity to re-configure activities in response to new opportunities and problems

The purpose of the League is to advocate these values, to influence policy in Europe and to develop best practice through mutual exchange of experience

http://www.leru.org/index.php/public/home/

LERU

LERU wanted to know what position, if any, it should take on the Open Access debate

General meeting of LERU Chief Information Officers/University Librarians in December 2009 Appointed a Working Group to draw up a LERU Roadmap

towards Open Access Road Map was considered by LERU Vice-Chancellors at their

meetings in London (2009) and Paris (2010) Being launched in Brussels on 17 June 2011

LERU

Purpose of the Roadmap is to offer guidance on how to position your University in the European Open Access landscape

Builds on the Open Access Statement of the European Universities Association See http://www.eua.be/eua-work-and-policy-area/research-and-

innovation/Open-Access.aspx A Roadmap for all European Universities, not just LERU

members

http://www.eua.be/eua-work-and-policy-area/research-and-innovation/Open-Access.aspx

http://www.eua.be/eua-work-and-policy-area/research-and-innovation/Open-Access.aspx

LERU Roadmap addresses …

Open Access in a wider context: Open Scholarship and Open Knowledge

Advocacy Statement on behalf of LERU Universities

The LERU Roadmap – an Exposition

The Green route for Open Access – Steps to Take

LERU and the Gold route for Open Access

Models of Best Practice to support the Roadmap

Benefits for researchers, Universities and Society

LERU is considering European E-Press developments

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7. Conclusions

Conclusions

For the European digital landscape to work: Universities will undertake large-scale digitisation using a variety

of Business Models Copyright and IPR frameworks are in need of reform Digital Preservation needs to be embedded at institutional and

project level to guarantee long-term access Leading European research Universities have a Roadmap for

Open Access and are investigating Open Access dissemination routes seriously

If you have been…

Thanks for listening Further discussion to follow

in Panel discussion