EUROMED SOLAR WORKSHOP on EU-MENA COOPERATION on Solar Power

Side event to the extraordinary session of EMPA Dead Sea/Jordan 2008

Gerhard KniesDESERTEC Project Promotor for The Club of Rome and

co-ordinator of TREC

www.desertec.org , Gerhard.Knies@.desertec.org

Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 1

DESERTEC

Clean Power from Deserts

The global challenge of energy, water and climate security

Our Earth 2050 a World with 10 Billion People

Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 2

Our Region EUMENAa community of 1.4 Billion People,

rich in solar energy

Our Neighbourhoodwith conflicts for land and water

Our Earth 2050

Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 3

Our Region

Our Neighbourhood

has a problem:

mankind

How can 10 Billion People live together on Earth ?

5 Essentials for our Earth with 10 Billion People in 2050

1. Lasting and sufficient water, food + energy2. Stable economy 3. Stable climate4. Limit to further population growth5. Peace Enough energy for “civilization”:

Enough water: by desalination and re-useEnough food: by irrigationEnough and stable economyEnough wealth to stop population growthEnough energy precondition for enough water, food and wealth to avoid

large scale migration and to avoid conflicts for resources.

Clean energy for stable climateNew SECURITY paradigm: enough + clean energy

4Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008

1. Power per person per year: 5 (+/- 1) MWh 2006: world 3.1, OECD =8.6, USA=12.2, India=0.9, Germany=6.4, Egypt=1.2MWh

2. World pop. 2050: 10 (+/- 0.5) billion people

50,000 TWh/y, (+/- 20%) world in 2050

18,000 TWh/y in 2007

Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 5

How much power is “enough” ?

Is there a way to provide enough + clean energy?

There are several, a very powerful one is

DESERTEC

Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008

More than 90% of world pop could be servedby clean power from deserts !

DESERTEC = Clean Power from Deserts for the World

6

world electricity demand

(18,000 TWh/y)

can be produced from

300 x 300 km²

=0.23% of all deserts

distributed over “10 000”

sites

3000 km

50,000 TWh/y => 10,000 solar GW

Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 7

Global 10 billion people 2050 5 MWh/person/year

Total global power demand

EUMENA = 1/7 world population

50,000 TWh/y

7,000 TWh/y (14%)

50% as solar power from deserts 25,000 solar TWh/y

CSP Collector capacity (2,500 solar h/y)„collector GW“

10,000 GW1,400 GW

CSP Plant capacity (7500 op. h/y)plant capacity = 2-3 x collector capacity

3,300 GW

Collector deploymentover 30 years

world-wide EUMENA

1 GW/day1 GW/week

Our Region - EUMENA

Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 8

deserts + technology for energy, water and climate

security

9Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008

Club of Rome White Paper 2007 (www.desertec.org)

EUMENA StudyBy DLRMED-CSPTRANS-CSP

Our Neighbourhood 1: Nile Deltafood shortage

Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 10

Global

warming:

+ 7 meter- under water !

Egypts food source

Our Neighbourhood 2: GAZAWater shortage

Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 11

Strong over-pumping of aquifer underneath Gaza

Ground Water Level (m) below Mediterranean Sea LevelPollution of Wells by Salt Water threat to young children

.L/57

-1.50

-1.00

-0.50

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

P/61

-8.00

-7.00

-6.00

-5.00

-4.00

-3.00

-2.00

-1.00

0.00

1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

B/4

-1.00

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

A/107

-3.00

-2.00

-1.00

0.00

1.00

2.00

1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Salt intrusion !Sea level 12Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008

Basic parameters for Solar Water &Power Source

Population in 2005

Expected in 2015

In 2025 In 2035

1.4 Mio 2.0 2.6 3.3From Palestinian Central Bureau of

StatisticsAssuming 3.0%

ann. GrowthAssuming 2.0%

ann. Growth

Demand Per person and year for 3 Million inhabitants

Power 5 MWh 15 TWh electricity/yWater 350 m³ > 1 billion m³ water/y

Required solar collector size (5 km² for 1 TWh/year):

75 km² for collectors = 20% of Gaza area

13Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008

Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 14

Cle

an p

ower

Cle

an p

ower

Des

alin

ated

wat

er

Des

alin

ated

wat

er

Solar Power&Water Plants in Egypt and/or Israel+ Pipe and Power Lines into Gaza

Summary• The whole world is vulnerable to climate change and energy scarcity.

• A bold emergency plan is needed. DESERTEC offers a global defense line against climate change and energy scarcity!

• North Africa and Middle East are extremely vulnerable to climate change: Mediterranean Solar Plan community for energy and climate security. (like community for coal and steel 60 years ago).

• Co-operation of desert and technology belts (DESERTEC, Union for the Mediterranean, Mediterranean Solar Plan ) holds the promise – to stop climate change, – to achieve wealth and just development,– to resolve water and energy conflicts in the region

Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 15

Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 16

10:30 – 10:40 Opening of the EUROMED SOLAR WORKSHOPProf. Hans-Gert Poettering, President of the European Parliament, President of the Euro-Mediterranean Parliamentary Assembly (EMPA), Honorary Member of the Brussels-EU Chapter of the Club of Rome10:40 – 10:55 Chairman’s opening remarksDr. Gerhard Knies, DESERTEC Project Director, German Association CLUB OF ROME; Coordinator, Trans-Mediterranean Renewable Energy Cooperation (TREC)

10:55 – 11:15 Survey on solar technologies; Projects in Spain and North Africa Dr. Nikolaus Benz, Vice President, European Solar Thermal Electricity Association11:15 – 11:20 Questions11:20 – 11:35 Combined heat, power, desalination and district cooling with CSP;

Potentials in the EU-MENA countries: the MED-CSD projectJürgen Kern, Managing Director, kernenergien | the solar power company 11:35 – 11:40 Questions11:40 – 12:00 Survey on solar energy potentials; Expected demand for power and

water in MENA; and power export to EuropeProf. Dr. Dr.-Ing. Hans Müller-Steinhagen, Head of the Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, German Aerospace Center (DLR)12:00 – 12:05 Questions12:05 – 12:20 The Mediterranean Solar Plan as part of the Barcelona Process:

Union for the Mediterranean (UfM) Antoine-Tristan Mocilnikar, Mission Union pour la Méditerranee, Presidence de la République Française12:20 – 12:25 Questions12:25 – 12:40 Bottlenecks and options for market introduction and EU-MENA

cooperation Dr. Peer Günzel, Head of Renewables – Solar Energy Europe, HSH Nordbank AG12:40 – 13:10 What can the EMPA(s) do? Open discussion