eupia - packaging inks for non-food contact surface of food packaging

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EuPIA European Printing Ink Association

a sector of CEPE aisbl INCOMPLETE PUBLIC INVENTORY LIST – 2008 VERSION 1

COMPRISING OF PACKAGING INK RAW MATERIALS APPLIED TO THE NON-FOOD CONTACT SURFACE

OF FOOD PACKAGING

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(2008-04-18)

EuPIA Incomplete Public Inventory List – Notes & Lists 1. Preliminary Statement Printing inks and varnishes for food packaging are intended to be applied to a variety of substrates using different printing techniques, such as:

• Rotogravure and flexographic printing on flexible films, Aluminium foil, paper and cardboard

• Offset printing on paper, cardboard, rigid plastics and metal • Screen printing on rigid plastics, films, foil and metal

• Roller coating on metal • Digital inks printed on paper, cardboard, flexible films and Aluminium foils • Jet inks printed on paper, flexible films, Aluminium foils and rigid plastics Depending on the field of application and their formulation, printing inks and varnishes have different drying mechanisms:

• Evaporation through hot air drying for water and solvent based systems • Penetration into substrate structures with or without oxidative polymerisation • Radical or cationic polymerisation induced by UV or EB irradiation. • High temperature drying by solvents evaporation and/or polymerisation using

baking ovens. In the light of these diversified application requirements the strong chemical distinctions between ink systems and their constituent parts must be stressed. It should also be noted that the composition of the dried applied ink in almost all cases is not identical to the delivered ‘wet’ form. Furthermore it should also be noted that end-user and/or customer requirements may prevent the use of some of the materials below in certain applications.

2. Constituent parts of the Inventory List

The Inventory List comprises of four raw material groups:

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2.1 Additives 2.2 Colourants, (i.e. pigments and dyes)

2.3 Polymeric Resins

2.4 Solvents and Energy Curing Monomers 3. Additives

Additives are substances used normally in small quantities, which essentially impart specific technical properties to the printing ink, primer or overprint varnish.

3.1 Additive groups EuPIA has defined 19 groups of additives, as shown below: (1) Acid catalyst (2) Adhesion promoter (3) Amine solubiliser (4) Antifoam agent (5) Antimist (6) Antistatic (7) Biocide (8) Chelating agent (9) Dispersing agent (10) Flow agent (11) Gellant (12) Ink stabiliser (13) Optical brightener (14) Photoinitiator (15) Slip agent (16) Suspension agent (17) Thickener (18) UV stabiliser (19) Wetting agent In the current version of the Inventory, the list of additives is subdivided into chemical categories of the substances and preparations used. Future versions will include more chemical details as they become available.

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3.2 List of Additives

1. Chemically Defined Substances

1.1 Alcohols

Fatty alcohols

Aminoalcohols

Polyglycols

Alkoxylated alcohols

Acetylenic alcohols and derivatives

Glycerol / Polyols

Oxoalcohols, other alcohols

1.2 Esters of Aliphatic alcohols

Polyglycol esters

Esters of alkoxylated alcohols

Glycerolesters

Trimethylolpropane esters

Sorbitan esters

Aminoalcohol Sulphonates

Fatty alcohol esters

1.2.1 Polyglycolether / Ether

1.3 Acids

Inorganic acids

Organic acids

1.4 Esters of Aromatic Acids

Phthalates

Benzoic acid esters and derivatives

Aminobenzoic acid esters

Benzenetricarboxylic acid esters

Mellitates

Trimellitic acid esters

1,4-Toluene Sulphonic acid esters / Benzene sulphonic acid ester

1.5 Esters of Aliphatic- and Inorganic Acids

Acetic acid esters

Acrylic acid esters

Adipic acid esters

Citric acid esters

Sebacic acid esters

Phosphoric acid esters

Phosphonic acid esters

Sulphonic acid esters and derivatives

Fatty Acids esters

Isobutyric acid esters

2-Methylpropanoic acid ester

Maleates

Carbamic acid esters

Formates

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1.6 Ketones

1-Hydroxycyclohexyl Phenylketone, other Alpha-Hydroxy Ketones, Ketosulphones

Benzophenone and Derivatives

4-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)-phenyl(2-hydroxy-2-propyl)-ketones

Other Aliphatic Ketones

Other Aromatic Ketones

1.7 Phenolic Derivatives

Alkylated Phenols

Isononylphenol Derivatives

Alkoxyphenols

Alkylphenolalkoxylates

Phenylphenols

1.8 Hydroquinone and Derivatives

Hydroquinone

Alkylated Hydroquinones and Derivatives

Quinines

1.9 Inorganic Alkaline, Alkaline earth-, Zirconium, Zinc and Aluminium salts

Carbonates

Borates / Perborates

Phosphates

Polyphosphates

Hydroxide gel, dried powder

Hydroxy Ammonium Carbonates

Hydroxides / Oxides

Citrates

1.10 Organic Alkaline, Alkaline earth-, Tin, Zinc, Zirconium, Barium and Aluminium salts

Stearates / Laurates

Nitro compounds / Phenylhydroxylamine complexes

Al-Alkoxylates / Chelates and preparations

Zr-Alkoxylates/Chelates

Citrates

1.11 Titanium Chelates

Titanium Alkoxylates

Titanium alkoxylated phosphates

Titanium alcoholates

1.12 Amides

Fatty Acid Amides

Fatty Acid Amide Derivatives

Sulphoneamides

1.13 Ammoniumsalts

Inorganic

Organic

1.14 Alkaline-, Ammonia Hydroxides, salts (undissolved and dissolved in water)

Sodium Hydroxide

Ammonium Hydroxide

Potassium Hydroxide

Potassium salts

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1.15 Benzoxazine and Benzoxazole / Triazole derivatives

Benzoxazines derivatives

Benzoxazol Thiophenediyl derivatives

Benzotriazoles and Derivatives

1.16 Cyclic Diazo Compounds

1.17 Phosphine Oxide Derivatives

1.18 Amines (optional preparations)

Alkoxysilylated Amines

Aminacrylates

Amines (optional preparations)

Fatty acid amines

Alkoxylated amines

1.19 Substituted Aromatic / Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

1.20 Oximes (Optional Preparations)

(optional: Butoxy-2-propanol, refined paraffinics, fatty acid esters)

1.21 Triazines / Stilbenes

1.22 Silanes

1.23 Phosphites

1.24 Aldehydes

2. Polymeric Additives

Polyaminoamides; optional salts dissolved in 2-Butoxyethanol

Polyalkylene

Polymers and Block Copolymers with pigment affinic groups

Acetophenone- / Alkylamino- / Phenolic- / Urea- Formaldehyde resins

Polyurethanes

Polysiloxanes / Polydimethylsiloxanes / Cyclosiloxanes

Polyether- / Aminosiloxanes

Epoxides / Cycloaliphatic Derivatives

Stabilisers

Polyethers / Polyols

Polyesters

Polyacrylates

Fluorinated acrylates

Rosin (Abietic acid) based

Fluoraliphatic Polymers

Natural Polymeric Products

Polymeric Aminobenzoates

Polymeric Benzophenones

Polymeric Thioxanthones

Melamin-Formaldehyde resins

3. Polymeric Additives Preparations

Polyurethane, water based

Polyurethane, solvent based

Acrylic Polymers and Copolymers, water based

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Polyethers- / Polyvinylethers and Derivatives, water based

Ethylene-Vinylacetate- / Polyvinyl based copolymers

Polyfunctional aziridines, water based

Acrylated Siloxanes / org. modified Siloxanes (water based included)

Polyglycols and Derivatives

Polyglycosides

Polyoxyalkylenes, other Polymers, water based

Imines

Polyamides

Hydrocarbons

Chlorinated Polyolefinic preparations

4. Silicone- and Wax Preparations

4.1 Silicone oil Emulsions, aqueous

(silicone compound/s, optional: solvent, binder, glycol ethers, biocide)

4.2 Silicone Preparation, non-aqueous

(silicone compound/s, optional: solvent, binder)

4.3 Organomodified Polysiloxanes, aqueous

(silicone compound/s, optional: solvent, binder, biocide, solid silica)

4.4 PE Wax Dispersions, aqueous

(PE wax/es, water, optional: emulsifier, Silica, detergent, biocide)

4.5 Oxidized PE wax/es, aqueous

(wax/es, water, optional: emulsifier, detergent, biocide)

4.6 Wax Preparations, non aqueous

(wax, solvent/binder, optional: surfactant/dispersent)

4.7 Blended Synthetic and Natural Waxes, aqueous

(waxes, water; optional: emulsifiers, detergents, biocides)

4.8 PP Wax Dispersions, aqueous

(PP wax/es, water, optional: emulsifier, detergent, biocide)

4.9 PTFE Wax Dispersions and Wax Blends, aqueous


4.10 Natural Waxes, aqueous


4.11 Fatty acid amides wax dispersions, aqueous


4.12 Fatty acid amides, non aqueous

(wax, solvent/binder, optional: surfactant/dispersent)

4.13 Paraffinic Wax Emulsion, aqueous

(wax, water, optional: surfactant, biocides, ethoxylated products)

4.14 PTFE Wax and non aqueous preparations

4.15 Other Polyolefin waxes preparations

4.16 Hydrocarbon and other Wax Preparations

4.17 Polyamide wax and Blends (water based)

5. Solid Waxes (also powderized / micronized)

Natural waxes

PE wax and blends

Oxidized PE wax and blends

PP wax and blends

PTFE wax and blends

Paraffin wax and blends

Fischer Tropsch Wax and Blends

Hydrocarbon- / Vaseline / Polymethylene wax and blends

Polyamide wax and Blends

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6. Metalcarboxylate Preparations

Cobalt bis(2-ethylhexanoate)

Cobalt Naphthenate

Cobalt Dilinoleate (other Fatty Acids)

Cobalt-neodecanoate

Manganese bis(2-ethylhexanoate)

Manganese Naphthenate

Manganese Dilinoleate (other Fatty Acids)

Manganese Borate (Mn-borate, water)

Cobalt/Zirconium bis(2-ethylhexanoates)

Cobalt/Manganese Naphthenate

Cobalt/Manganese (other Fatty Acids salts)/petroleum distillate

Calcium bis(2-ethylhexanoate)

Zirconium bis(2-ethylhexanoate)

Copper-Naphthenate

Zinc and other Metal Carboxylate Preparations

Cobalt/Manganese Octoates with Perborates

7. Inorganic Solids and Solid Preparations

Inorganic salts

Calcium Carbonate

Calcium Carbonate with surface treatment

Barium Sulphate

Silicon dioxide, amorphous, highly dispersed

Silicon dioxide, amorphous, highly dispersed / surface treated

Bentonite / Bentonite surface treated

Bentonite surface treated, optional quaternary ammonium salts

Hectorite/ Smectite / Zeolite

Clay and organo-modified Clay / Kaolin

Magnesium Silicate

Aluminium and other Silicates

Aluminium Oxide / Hydroxide

8. Liquid / Paste Silicon dioxides preparations (non aqueous)

9. Succinates, Sulphosuccinates

Sulphosuccinate-Sodium salt; solved optional: ethanol, water

10. Thioxanthones and Derivatives

Thioxanthone derivatives

Chlorothioxanthones

11. Isothiazolinones

Isothiazolinone aromatic derivatives

Isothiazolinone aliphatic derivatives

Methylchlorisothiazolinone

12. Arylsulphoniumhexafluoro phosphates / iodonium / antimonates, derivatives and preparations

13. Aryl sulphonium salts / sulphates / fluoro salts

14. Perfluoralkylthioalkylates

15. Cyano compounds / acrylates

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16. Imidazoles

17. Isocyanates

18. Urea and Derivatives

19. Thiocarboxamide- / oxamide compounds

20. Piperidinium Compounds

4. List of Colourants All colourants (pigments and dyes) used in the manufacture of packaging inks have to comply with the specifications given in the Council of Europe Resolution AP (89)1 on the use of colorants in plastic materials intended to come into contact with food. Please note, pigments are finely dispersed as solids in to the printing ink binders whilst dyes are dissolved, which is a significant distinction in terms of method of preparation and properties thereby imparted by either colorant type. It should also be noted that on a quantity basis dyes represent a minor proportion (< 1%) of the overall colorant volumes. It is planned in a subsequent version of the Inventory to provide a full list of pigment additives; these are additives introduced in to pigments by their manufacturers prior to dispatch to ink makers. The Ecological and Toxicological Association of Dyes and Pigments (ETAD) has been asked to update their inventory of additives. This will be included in a future version of this inventory.

4.1 Pigments

CAS No C.I. No C.I. Name

001333-86-4 77266 C.I. Pigment Black 7

012227-89-3 77499 C.I. Pigment Black 11

NA NA C.I. Pigment Black 31

NA NA C.I. Pigment Black 32

000482-89-3 63000 C.I. Vat Blue 1

002475-31-2 NA C.I. Vat Blue 5

001325-87-7 42595:2 C.I. Pigment Blue 1

000147-14-8 74160 C.I. Pigment Blue 15:1

000147-14-8 74160 C.I. PIgment Blue 15:2

000147-14-8 74160 C.I. Pigment Blue 15:3

000147-14-8 74160 C.I. Pigment Blue 15:4

000147-14-8 74160 C.I. Pigment Blue 15:6

000574-93-6 74100 C.I. Pigment Blue 16

014038-43-8 77510 C.I. Pigment Blue 27

025869-00-5 77510 C.I. Pigment Blue 27

057455-37-5 77007 C.I. Pigment Blue 29

006417-46-5 42800 C.I. Pigment Blue 56

000081-77-6 69800 C.I. Pigment Blue 60

001324-76-1 42765:1 C.I. Pigment Blue 61

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CAS No C.I. No C.I. Name 082338-76-9 42595:4 C.I. Pigment Blue 62

016521-38-3 73015:1 C.I. Pigment Blue 63

014154-42-8 741300 C.I. Pigment Blue 79

014302-13-7 74265 C.I. Pigment Green 36

001328-53-6 74260 C.I. Pigment Green 7

001330-37-6 74255 C.I. Pigment Green 37

068186-85-6 77377 C.I. Pigment Green 50

007429-90-5 77000 C.I. Pigment Metal 1

007440-50-8 77400 C.I. Pigment Metal 2

003520-72-7 21110 C.I. Pigment Orange 13











NA NA C.I. Pigment Orange 74

001309-37-1 77491 C.I. Pigment Red 101

006535-46-2 12370 C.I. Pigment Red 112

006410-32-8 12385 C.I. Pigment Red 12

016043-40-6 73915 C.I. Pigment Red 122

005280-78-4 20735 C.I. Pigment Red 144

005280-68-2 12485 C.I. Pigment Red 146

068227-78-1 12433 C.I. Pigment Red 147

003905-19-9 20730 C.I. Pigment Red 166

012237-63-7 45160:2 C.I. Pigment Red 169

006655-84-1 12390 C.I. Pigment Red 17

002786-76-7 12475 C.I. Pigment Red 170

012225-06-8 12515 C.I. Pigment Red 176

004051-63-2 65300 C.I. Pigment Red 177

003049-71-6 71155 C.I. Pigment Red 178

005521-31-3 71130 C.I. Pigment Red 179

099402-80-9 12487 C.I. Pigment Red 184

061951-98-2 12516 C.I. Pigment Red 185

059487-23-9 12486 C.I. Pigment Red 187

061847-48-1 12467 C.I. Pigment Red 188

006041-94-7 12310 C.I. Pigment Red 2

003089-17-6 73907 C.I. Pigment Red 202

031778-10-6 12514 C.I. Pigment Red 208

061932-63-6 12477 C.I. Pigment Red 210

060618-31-3 NA C.I. Pigment Red 214

006448-95-9 12315 C.I. Pigment Red 22

006471-49-4 12355 C.I. Pigment Red 23

052238-92-3 20067 C.I. Pigment Red 242

074336-60-0 12925 C.I. Pigment Red 251

084632-65-5 56110 C.I. Pigment Red 254

NA NA C.I. Pigment Red 255

088949-33-1 561300 C.I. Pigment Red 264

036968-27-1 12474 C.I. Pigment Red 266

016403-84-2 12316 C.I. Pigment Red 268

067990-05-0 12466 C.I. Pigment Red 269

NA 561150 C.I. Pigment Red 272

NA NA C.I. Pigment Red 282

002425-85-6 12120 C.I. Pigment Red 3

002814-77-9 12085 C.I. Pigment Red 4

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CAS No C.I. No C.I. Name 007585-41-3 15865:1 C.I. Pigment Red 48:1

007023-61-2 15865:2 C.I. Pigment Red 48:2

015782-05-5 15865:3 C.I. Pigment Red 48:3

005280-66-0 15865:4 C.I. Pigment Red 48:4

001103-38-4 15630:1 C.I. Pigment Red 49:1

001103-39-5 15630:2 C.I. Pigment Red 49:2

017852-99-2 15860:1 C.I. Pigment Red 52:1

002092-56-0 15585 C.I. Pigment Red 53

005160-02-1 15585:1 C.I. Pigment Red 53:1

005281-04-9 15850:1 C.I. Pigment Red 57:1

006417-83-0 15880:1 C.I. Pigment Red 63:1

012224-98-5 45160:1 C.I. Pigment Red 81

080083-40-5 45160:3 C.I. Pigment Red 81:1

075627-12-2 45161:1 C.I. Pigment Red 81:2

063022-06-0 45161:2 C.I. Pigment Red 81:3

063022-06-0 45160:4 C.I. Pigment Red 81:5

006410-38-4 NA C.I. Pigment Red 9

039379-50-5 45170:2 C.I. Pigment Violet 1

010101-66-3 77742 C.I. Pigment Violet 16





NA NA C.I. Pigment Violet 29






000471-34-1 77220 C.I. Pigment White 18

001318-74-7 77005 C.I. Pigment White 19

012001-26-2 77019 C.I. Pigment White 20

007727-43-7 77120 C.I. Pigment White 21

007727-43-7 77120 C.I. Pigment White 22

001332-73-6 77002 C.I. Pigment White 24

010101-41-4 77231 C.I. Pigment White 25

014807-96-6 77718 C.I. Pigment White 26

007631-86-9 77811 C.I. Pigment White 27

001314-13-2 77947 C.I. Pigment White 4

001345-05-7 77115 C.I. Pigment White 5

013463-67-7 77891 C.I. Pigment White 6

001314-98-3 77975 C.I. Pigment White 7

002512-29-0 11680 C.I. Pigment Yellow 1

053026-63-4 19140:1 C.I. Pigment Yellow 100




008004-92-0 47005:1 C.I. Pigment Yellow 115












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CAS No C.I. No C.I. Name 068516-73-4 20031 C.I. Pigment Yellow 155























NA: Not Available

4.2 Dyes

C.I. Name C.I. N° CAS N°

Solvent Dyes

Yellow Y 21 005601-29-6

Y 29 21230 006706-82-7

Y 32 48045 061931-84-8

Y 56 11021 002481-94-9

Y 62 061901-95-9

Y 79 012237-31-9

Y 81 012227-56-4

Y 82 012227-67-7

Y 83 012239-75-7

Y 83:1 061116-27-6

Y 88 061931-55-3

Y 89 061969-51-5

Y 135 068427-35-0

Y 146 109945-04-2

Y 162 104244-10-2

Orange 061725-76-6

O 11

094279-65-9

O 41 061901-91-5

O 54 012237-30-8

O 56 012227-68-8

18745:1 013463-42-8

O 62 12714 052256-37-8

Red R 49 000509-34-2

R 89 061725-81-3

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R 91 061901-92-6

R 92 061901-93-7

R 119 012237-27-3

R 122 012227-55-3

R 124 012239-74-6

R 125 012271-00-0

061969-48-0

R 127

077496-01-6

061725-84-6

R 130

071839-77-5

R 160 069899-68-9

R 229 065138-66-1

Violet V 2 16055 + 45170:2

061725-86-8

V 8 42535:1 052080-58-7

V 9 42555:1 000467-63-0

V 13 60725 000081-48-1

Blue B 4 44045:1 006786-83-0

B 25 74350 001328-54-7

B 44 072428-99-0

B 45 037229-23-5

B 64 061703-12-6

B 67 012226-78-7

081457-65-0

B 70 012237-24-0

069898-57-3

B 136

Brown Br 43 061116-28-7

Br 52 091673-26-6

Black Bk 3 26150 004197-25-5

Bk 27 012237-22-8

Bk 28 012237-23-9

Bk 29 061901-87-9

Bk 35 12195 + 12197

061931-53-1

Bk 45 094765-62-5

Bk 48 083929-92-4

Acid Dyes

Y 3 47005 008004-92-0

Y 9 002706-28-7

Y 17 06359-98-4

Yellow Y 23 19140 001934-21-0

Y 49 001329-15-5

Y 250 093859-32-6

Orange O 7 000633-96-5

Red R 6 006245-59-6

R 14 84238-07-3

R 51 45430 016423-68-0

R 51:1 45430:1 012227-78-0

R 52 003520-42-1

R 52 131013-82-6

R 87 45380 017372-87-1

Blue B 2 129495-29-0

B 3 42051 003536-49-0

B 9 42090 003844-45-9

B104 42735

Violet V 66 012220-53-0

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Green G 1 019381-50-1

Black Bk 152 005610-64-0

Bk 2 008005-03-6

Basic Dyes

Yellow Y 37 41001 006358-36-7

Blue B 1 42025 003521-06-0

B 5 42140 003943-82-6

B 26 002580-56-5

B 81 073309-46-3

Red R 1 45160 000989-38-8

Violet V 10 45170 000081-88-9

Food Dyes

Yellow Y 3 15985 002783-94-0

Y 4 19140 001934-21-0

Y 13 47005 008004-92-0

Red R 3 14720 003567-69-9

R 3:1 14720:1 084238-07-3

R 7 16255 002611-82-7

R 9 16185 000915-67-3

R 14 45430 016423-68-0

R 14:1 45430:1 012227-78-0

R 17 lake 16035 068583-95-9

B 1 42090 003844-45-9

B 1:1 73015:1 016521-38-3

Blue B 2 Na-salt 42090

003844-45-9

B 2:1 42090:2 068921-42-6

B 5 42051 003536-49-0

Brown Br 3 20285 004553-89-3

Black Bk 1 28440 002519-30-4

Bk 2 27755 002118-39-0

Direct Dyes

Yellow Y 86 050925-42-3

Y 86 131013-83-7

Y 132 061968-26-1

Y 170

Red R 23 29160 003441-14-3

Blue B 199 74190 012222-04-7

090295-11-7

Bk 19 35255 006428-31-5

Black Bk 168 085631-88-5

Disperse Dyes

Yellow Y 82 551200 027425-55-4

Y 54 47020 007576-65-0

Y 232 55165 035773-43-4

Red R 60 60756 017418-58-5

R 71 60756 017418-58-5

R 83 60756 017418-58-5

R 364 73300 000522-75-8

Blue B 59 062570-50-7

B 60 61104 012217-80-0

B 72 60725 000081-48-1

B 99 61104 012217-80-0

B 359 213328-78-0

Reactive Dyes

Red R 24 18208 070210-20-7

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072829-25-5

Natural

Red R 4 75470 001260-17-9

Miscellaneous Dyes

Black 400 089331-94-2

Colour Former Red 3

026628-47-7

Blue 63 069898-40-4

Green DCF 034372-72-0

5. Polymeric Resins

The polymeric resins are represented by their generic groups. They act as binders in the inks and coatings used on packaging. Binders are the film-forming components of inks and coatings in which the colorants may be finally dispersed or dissolved. Binders are also important for the transfer of the ink from the press to the substrate. After the drying of the print, binders serve to adhere the ink film to the printed surface and contribute to functional properties.

5.1 Generic Resin Groups

Resins Generic Groups

Rosin resins, modified

Phenolic modified Rosin Resins

Maleic/fumaric modified Rosin Resins

Rosin Esters

Hydrocarbon Resins

Dicyclopentadiene Resins

Coumarone-Indene Resins

Polyalphaolefins

Terpene resins

Rosin/Hydrocarbon hybrid resins

Polyester and Alkyd Resins

Polyester epoxy modified

Polyester alkyl-vinyltoluene modified

Polyamide modified Alkyd

Chlorinated polyesters

Polyamide modified alkyds

Polyurethane modified alkyds

Cellulosics

Nitrocellulose

Hydroxyethylcellulose, Ethylcellulose

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Cellulose Ester Resins, Cellulose Acetobutyrate/-propionate,…

other Cellulosics

Polymeric Acrylic Resins

(solid resins, or water-based dispersions)

Polymeric Acrylates

Water based Acrylic Dispersion

Polymeric Methacrylates

Water based Methacrylic Dispersion

Polystyrene Resins and Copolymers

(solid resins, or water-based dispersions)

Polystyrene/acrylic resins

Water based Polystyrene/acrylic dispersion

Polystyrene Maleic Resins

Polystyrene/butadiene resins

Poly(alpha-methylstyrene) resins

Vinyl Polymers and Copolymers

Polyvinyl butyral

Polyvinyl acetate and propionate

Polyvinyl chloride

Polyvinylidene chloride

Polyvinyl ether

Polyvinyl alcohol

Chlorinated Polyethylene- / Polyolefines

Polyisoprene derivatives

Cyclized rubber

Chlorinated rubber

Ketonic and aldehydic resins

Polyurethane Resins

Polyisocyanates

Polyamide Resins

Epoxy Resins

Epoxy novolacs

Epoxy resins

Phenolic resins

Novolacs

Resoles

Polyether

(Polyalkylene glycols)

Polysiloxanes

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Amino Functional Resins

Urea-Formaldehyde Resins

Triazin (Melamine) -Formaldehyde Resins

Polyamidoamine Resins

Oligomeric UV curing synergists

Polyalkyleneimines

Benzoguanamine Resins

Natural Resins

(other than rosin)

Shellac, Dammar, Kopal, Casein, ...

Natural rubber latex

Fatty Oils and Derivatives

Polymerised vegetable oils

5.2 Resin Monomers And Resin Additives The characterisation of resins is further defined by breaking down all generic resin groups in to their precursor monomer-units. These monomers are classified by their level of formal classification, thus they are either fully evaluated, not completely evaluated or unevaluated. The collation of relevant monomer detail and associated toxicological data is currently under examination. Thus, an extended list of monomers will be placed below in due course. Additives used in resins (e.g. stabilizers) are intended to be incorporate at a later stage. This listing will not include polymerisation production aids.

6. Solvents and Energy Curing Monomers

6.1 Solvents

Except for some specific offset ink systems, solvents volatilise or evaporate directly after the ink or varnish is applied to the packaging substrate. It is common practice to use solvent combinations in order to control the speed of the drying process. In addition the concentration of residual solvents in the ink or coating being applied is managed to ensure that it is kept to a minimum in the final printed article.

Solvent Chemical name CAS N°

Water 007732-18-5

Oxygenated Solvents: Alcohols

2-Ethylhexanol 000104-76-7

2-Octanol Octan-2-ol 000123-96-6

Alcohols (C12-C16) branched 090604-38-9

18


Alcohols (C12-C18) 067762-25-8

Alcohols (C13-C15) 090604-31-2

Alcohols (C16-C20) branched 070963-04-8

Benzylalcohol Benzenemethanol 000100-51-6

Butanol 1-Butanol 000071-36-3

Cyclohexanol 000108-93-0

Ethanol 000064-17-5

Fatty alcohols (C8-C18) 068551-07-5

Glycerol 1,2,3-Propanetriol 000056-81-5

Hexanol Hexan-1-ol 000111-27-3

Isobutanol 2-Methylpropanol-1 000078-83-1

Iso-Octadecan-1-ol 027458-93-1

Isopropanol 2-Propanol 000067-63-0

Iso-Stearyl alcohol 2-Octyldecan-1-ol 045235-48-1

Iso-Tridecanol Isotridecylalcohol 068526-86-3

Methyl iso-butyl carbinol 4-Methylpentan-2-ol 000108-11-2

n-Propanol 1-Propanol 000071-23-8

Octanol 000111-87-5

Sec-Butanol Butan-2-ol 000078-92-2

Tert-Butanol 2-Methylpropan-2-ol 000075-65-0

Tridecanol 000112-70-9

Trimethyl hexanol 3,5,5-Trimethyl-1-hexanol 003452-97-9

Oleyl alcohol 9-Octadecen-1-ol 000143-28-2

Oxygenated Solvents: Glycols/Ethers

1,2-Propylene glycol monoethyl ether (Ethoxypropanol)

1-Ethoxy-2-propanol 001569-02-4

1,3-Propylene glycol 000504-63-2

1,4-Butylene glycol 1,4-Butanediol 000110-63-4

2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-Propanediol 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-Propanediol 000115-77-5

3-Ethyloxetane-3-methanol 003047-32-3

3-Methoxybutanol 3-Methoxy-1-butanol 002517-43-3

Alcohols (C12-C14) ethoxylated 068439-50-9




Alcohols ethoxylated 251553-55-6

Alcohols ethoxylated propoxylated 068603-25-8

Butoxyl 3-Methoxybutyl acetate 004435-53-4

Butyl diglycol acetate 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate 000124-17-4

Butyldiglycol 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 000112-34-5

Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)-ethanol 000111-90-0

Diethylene glycol Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ether 000111-46-6

Dipropylene glycol 025265-71-8

Dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether (DPDM) Oxybis(methoxy)propane 111109-77-4

Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether (DPGME) 1-(2-methoxy-2-methylethoxy)-2-propanol 020324-32-7

Dipropylene glycol methyl ether (mixture of 4 isomers)

1-(2-methoxy isopropoxy)-2-propanol etc. 034590-94-8

Dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether 1-(2-Butoxy-1-methylethoxy)-2-propanol 029911-28-2

Dipropylene glycol-n-propylether (DPnP) 1-(2-propoxy-1-methylethoxy)-2-propanol 029911-27-1

Propylene glycol-n-propyl ether 001569-01-3

2-Ethylhexyl oxyethanol Ethylene glycol mono(ethylhexyl)ether 001559-35-9

Ethoxypropanol (Ethyleneglycol monoethyl ether)

3-Ethoxy-1-propanol 000111-35-3

Ethyl diglycol acetate 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate 000112-15-2

Ethylene glycol butyl ether acetate 2-Butoxyethyl acetate 000112-07-2

Ethylene glycol diethyl ether 3,6-Dioxaoctane 000629-14-1

Ethylene glycol mono isopropyl ether 2-Isopropoxyethanol 000109-59-1

Ethylene glycol monoacetate 2-Hydroxyethyl acetate 000542-59-6

Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (Butylglycol) Butoxy-2-ethanol 000111-76-2

19


Ethylene glycol monopropyl ether 2-Propoxyethanol 002807-30-9

Ethylene glycoldimethylether 1,2-Dimethoxyethane 000110-71-4

Ethylene glycol 1,2-Ethanediol 000107-21-1

Hexanediol Hexamethylene Glycol 000629-11-8

Hexylene glycol 2-Methyl-2,4-pentanediol 000107-41-5

Isopropoxy ethyl acetate 2-(1-methylethoxy)ethyl acetate 019234-20-9

Methyldiglycol (Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether)

2-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-ethanol 000111-77-3

N-Ethylmorpholine 000100-74-3

N-Ethylpyrrolidone 1-Ethylpyrrolidine-2-one 002687-91-4

Polyethylene glycol 025322-68-3

Polypropylene glycol 025322-69-4

Propylene glycol methyl ether acetate 2-Methoxy-1-methylethyl acetate 000108-65-6

Propylene glycol 1,2-Dihydroxypropane 000057-55-6

Propylene glycol monobutyl ether (PnB) 1-Butoxy-2-propanol 005131-66-8

Propylene glycol monomethyl ether 1-Methoxy-2-propanol 000107-98-2

Tert. Butylmethyl ether (TBME) 2-Methoxy-2-methylpropane 001634-04-4

Texanol 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol 000144-19-4

Triethylene glycol 1,2-Bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethane 000676-18-6

Triethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TRIGLYME) 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane 000112-49-2

Triethylene glycol monobutyl ether 2-(2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethanol 000143-22-6

Trimethyl hexanediol 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,6-hexanediol 003089-24-5

Tripropylene glycol 024800-44-0

Tripropylene glycol methyl ether 3-(3-(3-methoxypropoxy)propoxy)-propanol 025498-49-1

Tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether (TPM) 1-(2-(2-methoxy-1-methylethoxy)-1-methylethoxy)-2-propanol

020324-33-8

Tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether (TPM) 2-(2-Methoxymethylethoxy)methylethoxy]propanol

025498-49-1

Tripropyleneglycol n-butyl ether (TPnB) 1-(2-butoxy-1-methylethoxy)-1-methylethoxy)-2-propanol

055934-93-5

1-Phenoxy 2-propanol 000770-35-4

Oxygenated Solvents: Esters

Butanedioic acid dimethylester Butanedioic acid dimethyl ester 000106-65-0

Butylacetate 1-Butyl ethanoate 000123-86-4

Cyclohexylacetate Cyclohexyl ethanoate 000622-45-7

Ethylacetate Ethyl ethanoate 000141-78-6

Hexanoic acid dibutyl ester Hexanedioic acid bis(2-methylpropyl) ester 000141-04-8

Hexanoic acid dimethyl ester (Adipic acid dimethyl ester)

Hexanedioic acid dimethyl ester 000627-93-0

Isobutyl isobutyrate (IBIB) Isobytyl isobutyrate 000097-85-8

Isopropylacetate 2-Propyl ethanoate 000108-21-4

Pentanedioic acid dimethylester Pentanedioic acid dimethylester 001119-40-0

Propylacetate 1-Propyl ethanoate 000109-60-4

Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (Methoxypropyl acetate)

1-Methoxy-2-acetoxy propane 000108-65-6

Texanol isobutyrate (TXIB) 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate 006846-50-0

Hexyl acetate 000149-92-7

Ethyl lactate Ethyl (L)-2-hydroxypropionate 000097-64-3

Ethyl lactate Ethyl (S)-2-hydroxypropionate 000687-47-8

n-Propyl lactate 000616-09-1

Butyl lactate Butyl 2-hydroxypropionate 000138-22-7

Butyrolactone 000096-48-0

Ethylene di(acetate) 000111-55-7

Ethylethoxypropionate 3-Ethoxypropionic acid, ethyl ester 000763-69-9

Propylene glycol diacetate Propane-1,2-diyl diacetate 000623-84-7

iso-Butyl acetate 000110-19-0

Triacetine 000102-76-1

2-Ethylhexyl acetate 000103-09-3

Amyl propanoate Pentyl propionate 000624-54-4

20


Esters (C4-C13) of mono and di carboxylic acids 068989-56-0

2-Ethoxy-1-methylethylacetate 2-Ethoxy-1-methylethylacetate 054839-24-6

Hydroxyacetic acid butylester 007397-62-8

Bis- Diglyceryl-Polyacyladipate-2 130905-60-1

TOTM (Trioctyltrimetillitate) Trimellitic acid, tris(2-ethylhexyl)ester 003319-31-1

Ethyl hexanoate 000123-66-0

Oxygenated Solvents: Ketones

Cyclohexanone Cyclohexanone 000108-94-1

Diacetone alcohol 4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone 000123-42-2

Ethylacetoacetate Ethyl-3-oxobutanoate 000141-97-9

Diethylketone (Pentanone) 3-Pentanone 000096-22-0

Diisobutylketone 2,6-Dimethylheptane-4-one 000108-83-8

Methylethylketone (MEK) 2-Butanone 000078-93-3

Methylisobutylketone (MIBK) 4-Methyl-2-oxo-pentane 000108-10-1

Propylene carbonate 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane 000108-32-7

N-Methylpyrrolidone 1-Methylpyrrolidine-2-one 000872-50-4

N-Ethylpyrrolidone 1-Ethylpyrrolidine-2-one 002687-91-4

Acetone 000067-64-1

2-Pyrrolidone 000616-45-5

Pentane-2-one 000107-87-9

Hydrocarbon Solvents

Toluene Methyl benzene 000108-88-3

Xylene Dimethylbenzene (mixture) 001330-20-7

Petroleum distillate, solvent refined, middle 064741-91-9

Petroleum distillate, hydrogenated, middle 064742-46-7

Petroleum distillate, hydrogenated, de-sulphurized, middle

064742-80-9

Aliphatic Petroleum solvent (Naphtha) 064742-88-7

Petroleum distillate, heavy alkylated 064741-65-7

Solvent naphtha (Petroleum), light aromatic 064742-95-6

Solvent naphtha, hydrogenated, heavy 064742-48-9

Mineral oil, highly refined (white oil) 008042-47-5

Ink oil (240-270°C), aromatic content 20 % w/w 064741-91-9






Petroleum distillate acid treated middle 064742-13-8

Light white mineral oil 092062-35-6

Paraffin oil 008012-95-1

Heptane 000142-82-5

Cyclohexane Hexahydro-Benzene 000110-82-7

Methylcyclohexane 000108-87-2

Dodecylbenzene 000123-01-3

Limonene 000138-86-3 065996-98-7

Octane 000111-65-9

Tetradecane 000629-59-4

Trimethylbenzene 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 000095-63-6

Alkanes C11-C15 iso 090622-58-5

Alkanes C9-C12 iso 090622-57-4

Petroleum distillate straight-run middle 064741-44-2

Petroleum distillate hydrodesulphurised 064742-81-0

Petroleum distillate hydrotreated light 064742-47-8

Petroleum distillate hydrotreated heavy 064742-48-9

Petroleum distillate hydrotreated light 064742-49-0

21


Petroleum distillate hydrotreated heavy naphthenic

064742-52-5

Petroleum distillate hydrotreated light naphthenic

064742-53-6

Petroleum distillate solvent-dewaxed light paraffinic

064742-56-9

Petroleum distillate hydrodesulphurised heavy 064742-82-1

Petroleum distillate solvent refined heavy paraffinic

064741-88-4

Petroleum distillate solvent refined light paraffinic

064741-89-5

Petroleum distillate highly refined middle 090640-93-0

Petroleum distillate hydrotreated light naphthenic

092062-15-2

Petroleum distillate hydrodesulphurised light dearomatised

092045-53-9

Paraffins normal C5-C20 064771-72-8

Alkylbenzenes Benzene C4-C16 alkyl derivatives 068648-86-2

Mesitylene 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene 000108-67-8

iso-Propylbenzene 1-Methylethylbenzene 000098-82-8

Solvent Naphthas (low naphtha content) Solvent naphtha (petroleum) 064742-94-5

Aromatic petroleum distillate Aromatic hydrocarbons 063231-51-6

Alkylbenzene Tetrapropylenebenzene 025265-78-5

Petrolatum (vaseline) 008009-03-8

Fatty Acid Esters and Vegetable Oils Isopropyl palmitate 000142-91-6

Pentaerythritol-tetraoctoate 003008-50-2

Pentaerythritol-tetracaprate 068411-68-9

Isopropyl laurate 010233-13-3

Tallow fatty acid ester 067762-56-5

Synthetic fatty acid ester 256, 100% Synthetic fatty acid ester = 2-ethylhexyl-2-ethyl-hexanoate

007425-14-1

Methylester-CE-16/18 Fatty acids, C16-18/C18 unsaturated, Methyl Esters = Methyl Palmitate/Methyl Stearate/Methyl Oleate Mixture

067762-38-3

Methyl linoleate 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (9Z,12Z)-, methyl ester

000112-63-0

Methyl stearate Octadecanoic acid, methyl ester 000112-61-8

Tung oil 008001-20-5

Alkali Refined Linseed Oil Linseed oil 008001-26-1

Safflower oil Safflower oil 008001-23-8

Soyabean oil Soybean oil 008001-22-7

Linseed stand oil 60 P Linseed oil 008001-26-1

Castor Oil Castor oil 008001-79-4

Rapeseed oil 008002-13-9

RME (Rapeseed-methyl-ester) Methyl Oleate 000112-62-9

Tall oil fatty acid butyl ester, 100% Butyl ester of select tall oil fatty acids Not available

Soy bean fatty acid 2-ethylhexyl ester (SJEH) Fatty acid-2-ethylhexylester several

Octyl Palmitate Octyl Palmitate 016958-85-3

2-Ethylhexyl laurate 2-Ethylhexyl laurate 020292-08-4

Lanoline 008006-54-0

Imp = not used directly but present in other materials as a significant component/impurity

* Note can be present as processing solvents for some raw materials, and therefore could end up in food despite not being intentionally

used within printing inks

22

6.2 Energy curing monomers The drying mechanism used in the application of conventional drying inks and coatings and those designed and formulated for use in energy curing systems is completely different. In conventional inks and coatings the binders are macromolecules, manufactured separately through the polymerisation of monomers and starting substances; in the case of energy curing systems, the monomers and oligomers are components of the applied wet ink formulation. In the energy curing system the polymerisation process takes place via irradiated energy during the printing process at the printers’ premises.

Abbreviated Name Chemical Name CAS No.

Monofunctional Acrylates

ACMO Acryloyl Morpholine 005117-12-4

Aliphatic Urethane Acrylate 2-acrylic acid, 2-(((butylamino)carbonyl)oxy)-ethylester

063225-53-6

IBOA Isobornylacrylate 005888-33-5

ODA Octyl- and Decylacrylate 002499-59-4/ 002156-96-9

CTFA = TMPFA Cyclic Trimethylolpropan-formal-acrylate 066492-51-1

LA Laurylacrylate 002156-97-0

TDA Tridecylacrylate 003076-04-8

IDA Isodecylacrylate 001330-61-6

VC Vinylcaprolactam 002235-00-9

POA or PEA 2-Phenoxyethylacrylate 048145-04-6

Monoacrylate of glycidylester of a branched-chain alkyl carboxylate with 10 C-atoms

094624-09-6

Difunctional Acrylates

HDDA Hexanediol diacrylate 013048-33-4

HD (EO)DA Ethoxylated 1,6-Hexanediol diacrylate 084170-27-4

NPG(PO) DA Propoxylated Neopentylglycol diacrylate 084170-74-1

NPG(EO) DA Ethoxylated Neopentylglycol diacrylate no CAS No. assigned

TPGDA Tripropylenglycol diacrylate 042978-66-5

DPGDA Dipropyleneglycol diacrylate 057472-68-1

BPA(E0)4DA (DDA) Ethoxylated Bisphenol-A- diacrylate 064401-02-1

TTEGDA Tetraethylene glycol diacrylate 017831-71-9

PEG200DA PEG (200) Diacrylate / PEG(400)Diacrylate 026570-48-9

BADGE-DA Di-Acrylated Bisphenol-A-Diglycidylether 055818-57-0

BDDA Butandioldiacrylate 001070-70-8

MPDDA 3-Methyl-1,5-Pentan-Diyl-Diacrylate 064194-22-5

PODIA propoxylated Diacrylate 123813-18-3

Difunctional aliphatic polyester urethane acrylate oligomer

Difunctional urethane acrylate

Tri- and higher functional Acrylates

TMPTA Trimethylolpropane triacrylate 015625-89-5

TMP(EO)TA Ethoxylated Trimethylolpropane triacrylate 028961-43-5

GPTA / GPPOTA Highly propoxylated glyceryl triacrylate 052408-84-1

PETA Pentaerythritol tetraacrylate 004986-89-4

TMP(PO)3TA Propoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate 053879-54-2

PPT(T)A Ethoxylated Pentaerythriol-Tetraacrylate 051728-26-8

mod. PPT(T)A Ethoxylated/propoxylated Pentaerythritol Tetraacrylate

no CAS No. assigned

23

Abbreviated Name Chemical Name CAS No.

Di-TMPTA Di-Trimethylol propane-tetraacrylate 094108-97-1

PETIA Pentaerythritol triacrylate 003524-68-3

PET(PO)TA Propoxylated pentyerythritol-tetraacrylate 053879-55-3

DPHA Dipentaerythritol-Hexaacrylate 029570-58-9

Di-PEPA Dipentaerythritol-Pentaacrylate 060506-81-2

PETIA + PET(T)A Pentaerythritol triacrylate / Pentaerythritol tetracrylate no CAS No. assigned

Polyolacrylate no CAS No. assigned

Tetrafunctional polyether acrylate based on TMP(EO)TA

Not available

Amine-modified oligoether acrylate based on TMP(EO)TA

Not available

Epoxides for cationic systems

Cycloaliphatic Epoxide 7-Oxabicyclo(4,1,0)heptane-3-carboxylic acid, 7-oxabicyclo(4,1,0)hept-3-ylmethylester

002386-87-0

Cycloaliphatic Epoxide 3,4-Epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexylcarboxylate

Alkyl(C12-C14)glycidyl ether Oxiran, mono(C12-C14)alkyloxy methyl)derivative 068609-97-2

Oxetanes for cationic systems

Trimethylolpropane oxetane 3-Ethyl-(hydroxymethyl)oxetane 003047-32-3

Others

Reactive Diluent (Tetraethylene glycol divinylether)

3,6,9,12-Tetraoxa tetradeca-1,13-diene 000765-12-8

Oligo[2-Hydroxy-2-methyl-1-[4(1-methyl-vinyl)phenyl]propanone]

163702-01-0

HBVE 4-Hydroxybutyl vinyl ether 017832-28-9

7. Context of the Inventory: This list has been generated through contributions from over 95% of ink suppliers in Europe. These suppliers sell in to the many types of printed food packaging applications, e.g. flexible, can coated, folding carton etc., as such it should be noted that there are chemicals listed that would not be suited, nor permitted for use in all such applications. At this point in time, the Inventory list is comprised of chemicals deliberately added by the ink manufacturers prior to printing.

Contact Details:

If you have any questions or enquiries with respect to this “Incomplete Inventory”, please send a formal e-mail enquiry to the following address: [email protected]. These enquiries will be processed by the relevant experts within the EuPIA organisation and replies sent accordingly.

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