ethno veterinary practices for sustainable livestock ... · farmers. there are no side effects of...

National Seminar on Indigenous Knowledge & Conservation of Threatened Medicinal Plants | 30th and 31st Aug 19

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ETHNO VETERINARY PRACTICES FOR SUSTAINABLE

LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT

Balaram Sahu

Odisha Biological Products Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

Email-Id: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Livestock are used for production of animal proteins. Livestock use bio-mass like grass, leaves,

twigs not suitable for human consumption. There is need of making livestock keeping healthy

and low input based using ethno veterinary practices for profit and income generation. Ethno

veterinary practices are present in our society since time immemorial. These are tested over

thousands of years in the hands of millions. The uniqueness of these practices is that, these use

local herbs present in neighborhood of farmers. Ethno veterinary practices need simple skills to

prepare and administer. (Jayveer Anjaria et .al-Nature Heals).These practices act as bed rock on

which the new and modern technology can bloom and a back ground on which modern

technology can act and react for better adoption. Ethno veterinary practices act as a base for

grass root innovations for better management of livestock and as an agent for organic production

of milk, meat, eggs etc. There will be substantial reduction in use of antibiotics, hormones and

chemical growth promoting factors which are not only costly but also not available nearby to the

farmers. There are no side effects of herbal medicines. These are mostly Low external input

(LEISA) or (NEISA)-No external input based animal healing technologies for sustainable animal

rearing (Anil Gupta etal; Honey Bee, 1989).When look to the practical aspect of herbal healings,

religious attachment with plants increases faith in healing process by women who mostly look

after livestock. These are low cost and affordable solutions to their problems. There is scope for

better natural resource like Jamin, Jal, and Jungle management and adoption to climate change.

Encourages Bio diversity products use and inculcates regards for plants and help biodiversity

conservation.In ethno-veterinary practices there is keen observation of the natural environment

leading to further innovations in healing system.Most of the ethno-veterinary practices remain as

a word of mouth sayings or ear keepings in rural areas. Many valuable ITK are lost with the old

generation and there is lack of interest in present generation .There is no proper documentation

of ITK. There is underestimation by educated persons although western world revives it very

fast. At present very less or no text material is available in local language to diffuse these ethno-

veterinary practices. Needs to popularize and practice.


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RED ANTS: A MEDICINAL FOOD OF TRIBAL ODISHA 1Reeta Pattnayak & 2Sanjeet Kumar

1. Department of Zoology, Rama Devi Women’s University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha

2. Biodiversity and Conservation Lab, Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Odisha


ABSTRACT

Tribal people are known for their unique culture, lifestyle and food habits. They eat red ants and

their egg believing they have medicinal benefits. Red ants are light brown in colour. They eat

Red ants found in leaves and nodes of branches of big trees inside the forest. These ants are

locally known as Kai and Tapang and build hives (kaipuda) on Tall trees to lay eggs. After

collecting the hive, they place the hives on Mild Flame to kill the female ants and separate the

eggs, while a soup is prepared from the ants, the eggs are fried. Apart from the Medicinal

Benefits, it is a staple diet for forest dwellers. The ants and eggs are also sold at weekly market.

They eat Red ants for better eyesight. Red ants still boast Relatively high protein levels, like

other insects. Red ants and their eggs contain formic acid. It has also many Anti-Bacterial

Properties that can help combat infections in our digestive system.

Keywords: Tribal communities, Medicinal values, Pharmacological values.

POLLINATORS & MEDICINAL PLANTS 1Swayam Prava Mansingh & 2Sanjeet Kumar

1. Dept. of Zoology, Ramadevi Women’s University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha

2. Biodiversity and Conservation Lab, Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Odisha

Email-Id- [email protected]

ABSTRACT

In order to form seeds a process called pollination must occur. Pollination is therefore the

transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the ovary. The pollinators are the one

which help in the process of pollination which can be either vertebrates, invertebrates, or any

abiotic components. With this knowledge it is important to throw light on the intricate interaction

of pollinators and the medicinal plants. The most common plants of the arid regions Azadirachta

indica commonly known as neem has natural pollination done by wind, insects and some birds

but was investigated to be possibly limited by insufficient amounts of pollination. Medicinal

plants belonging to the family Acanthaceae, Acoraceae, Anarcadiaceae have medicinal

properties curing ailments of liver, diabetes, blood pressure and often acts as tranquilizers. Out of

many biochemical compounds flavanoids play an important part in medicinal values in plant

mailto:[email protected]



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parts. Squirrel was the most common mammal pollinator. Native bees, syphid flies are the major

pollinators of tulsi (Oscimum sanctum). According to a survey the most efficient time for

pollination was during the morning session.

Keywords: pollination, medicinal values, tranquilization, efficiency

MEDICINAL PLANTS AND ASSOCIATED FAUNAL SPECIES 1Kanyaka Jena & 2Sanjeet Kumar

1. Dept. of Zoology, Rama Devi Women’s University, Odisha

2. Biodiversity and Conservation Lab., Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Odisha

E-mail id: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Plants are known to have nutritional, therapeutic and other values that are beneficial to the

organisms that are dependent on it directly or indirectly for various purposes. Since ages it has

been noticed that birds and animals consume certain parts of plants in different phases of their

life cycles for purposes such as to increase their fertility rate, for curing disorders or for boosting

immunity. For example, the scarlet and green-winged macaws eat clay to aid digestion and kill

bacteria, pregnant lemursof Madagascar nibble on tamarind and fig leaves to aid in milk

production, kill parasites and increase chances of successful birth, pregnant elephants in Kenya

eat the bark of Red Seringa tree to induce delivery. The consumption of plants for therapeutic

purposes can be termed as self-medication. The organisms of the wild have mastered this art

since several generations. By observing and studying their food habits and life cycle we can

understand their behaviour and can create awareness to conserve medicinal plants in wild.

Keywords: Biology, Animal diversity, Fertility, Therapeutic values

SAND DUNE FLORA OF ODISHA

Latika Sahu & Sanjeet Kumar

Biodiversity and Conservation Lab., Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Odisha

Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The coastline of Odisha situated at the base of Bay of Bengal expands up to 450 km in area. A

coastal sand dune is a hump formed due to eolian process. The hostile ecosystem of coastal sand

dune harbors wide range of unique flora and fauna, many of which have enormous nutraceutical

values for example, Clerodendrum inerme, Acanthus ilicifolius, Casuaria equisetifolia etc.

whereas Opuntia stricta, Alternanthera sessilis etc. are used as food supplements by the local




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community. Plants like Ipomea biloba, Spinifex littoreus etc. also act as buffer zone and lessen

the detrimental effects of high tides, cyclone and tsunami. The present work focuses on the

ethno-botanical aspects, nutraceutical values as well as sand binding capacity of such

psammophytic species of Odisha coast. Been long neglected by the scientific community they

form an integral part of the biodiversity and demand conservation due to anthropogenic

activities.

Keywords: coastal, ethno-botany, nutraceutical, sand-binders, floral diversity

MEDICINAL PLANTS VS FRUGIVOROUS BIRDS

Biswasini Priyadarshini

Department of Zoology, Rama Devi Women’s University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha.

Email ID: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Avian frugivores, feed exclusively or primarily on wild fruits. Medicinal plants that produce

fleshy fruits depend on birds for seed dispersal and frugivorous birds rely on their fruits for a

substantial proportion of their diet. This bird-plant interaction represents the complexity of

mutualistic networks forming the framework of the ecological and evolutionary relationship of

flora and fauna. Frugivorous, regarded as a key species of terrestrial biota, performing functions

like seed dispersal, affecting seed germination and also forest regeneration in temperate and

tropical forests. They play an eminent role in long-distance seed dispersal, hence having an

ecological and evolutionary standpoint as when they consume seeds and disperse them it helps

seeds escape predation, competition and fungal attack under the parent tree, thereby increasing

the chance of survival. Hornbill (Bucerotiformes) and pigeons (Columbiformes) are known to

contribute a key role in forest regeneration. Thus, bird-plant mutualistic networks are an

important part of earth’s diversity, contributing to pivotal ecological functions and ecological

services; which are the structural basis of mutualistic networks. The effect of human, other

agents or calamities impact on the bird–plant relation need to be studied and discussed. Also

devotion to propose beneficial avenues for future research on fruguivorous birds and medicinal

plants need to be implemented.

Keywords: frugivorous birds, medicinal plants, seed dispersal, mutualistic networks.



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MEDICINAL INSECTS OF ODISHA 1Sanjukta Kabiraj & 2Sanjeet Kumar

1. Dept. of Zoology, Rama Devi Women’s University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha

2. Biodiversity and Conservation Lab., Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Odisha

Email ID: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Insects are natural resources of many medicinal compounds. Medicinal insects refer to the

presence of medicinal values in them. Insects like spiders, worms and molluscs are having

potential as suppliers of bioactive components. Insects have been used as medicine from long

time ago. There have been evidences of effectiveness of medicinal insects from ancestral times.

Dung beetles were prescribed to treat constipation and tribals eat red ants for the improvement of

eye sight. In Baripada of Mayurbhanj district in Odisha, some tribal communities use red weaver

ant, pupa of tasar silk moth and macrotermes as medicines. Red ant is rich in many nutrients like

proteins and calories which can prevent the malnutrition. Certain species of insects are consumed

for therapeutic purposes and some as a component of folk medicine. Red weaver ant is use to

prevent diseases like common cold, jaundice, gas problem, vomiting and whooping cough. Pupa

of tasar moth used to prevent enteric problems in child. And termites are used as dietary

components.

Key words: Resources, Prescription, Therapeutic, Communities, Effectiveness

STUDY OF ETHNOMEDICINAL, BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS

AND EVALUATION OF ANTHELMINTIC VALUES OFANABAS

TESTUDINUS BLOCH

1Ipsita Jena 2Sakti K Rath* & 1Sanjeet Kumar

1. Biodiversity and Conservation Lab, Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Odisha, India

2. Department of Life Sciences, Rama Devi Women’s University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

E-mail Id: [email protected]

Biodiversity of the state Odisha provide not only livelihood but also food & medicines for our

sound health. From the vast sources of biodiversity, the faunal species also have great

importance to provide nutraceutical to human being. Among the faunal species there are number

of fish species are used as nutraceutical by the local people of Odisha. Among the available fish

species Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792) have therapeutic values which belongs to Anabantidae



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family. Local people consume it as food & used for medicinal purposes. Keeping this in view, an

attempt has been made to collect ethnomedicnal values from the local communities of Kendujhar

district of Odisha. Among the most common five local fish species of the study area, Kou fish is

selected for the experimental works. The fish is collected from Kendujhar and dried in oven for

qualitative analysis of secondary metabolites. The extracts were prepared by Soxhlet apparatus

and chromatographic studies were carried out followed by anthelmintic activities. Results

revealed that the experimental fish species was used to treat labour pain. It was observed that

extracts are rich with diverse bioactive compounds. The TLC (Thin layer chromatography)

revealed that, one visible spot was noted as AT 1. It was noted that extract showed sound

anthelmintic activity compared to allopathic drugs available in the medicine shops of

Bhubaneswar. Hence the present study highlights the importance of local fish species and their

medicinal importance. It also brings attention towards the conservation of indigenous fish

species of Odisha.

Keywords: Anabas testudinus Bloch, Indigenous fish, Medicinal values, Food values.

ECOLOGICAL MAPPING & PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY

OF UTRICULARIA AUREA LOUR.: A CARNIVOROUS PLANT

OF ODISHA

Sweta Mishra & Sanjeet Kumar*

Biodiversity and Conservation Lab, Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Odisha, India


ABSTRACT

Insectivorous plants are nature’s enigma. They show unique behavior and evolution process.

Usually they consume small insects as food to fulfil their nutritional requirement. There are

several insectivorous or carnivorous plant reported throughout the world. Among them

Utricularia is the largest genus one can find. In India there are about 38 Utricularia species are

documented, among them about 17 Utricularia are reported from Odisha. The bladder of

Utricularia are the most sophisticated carnivorous trapping mechanism to be found in plant

kingdom. They are both aquatic and terrestrial but majorly they are aquatic. The bioactive

compounds of Utricularia used as a mechanism of self-defence. These compounds possess a

broad spectrum of biological activity such as anti-parasitic, antibacterial, insecticidal, fungicidal,

anti-inflammatory activities etc. Keeping this in view, an attempt has been made to document the

distribution of Utricularia species in selected districts of Odisha (Cuttack, Puri, Khurdha) and

evaluation of its pharmacological values through qualitative analysis of bioactive compounds,


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chromatographic studies and anthelmintic activity. A survey was made during January 2019 to

April 2019 for mapping of the distribution of Utricularia aurea in selected areas of Odisha

through GPS and pH meter for characterization of water quality. Utricularia aurea is collected

from Salepur areas of Cuttack district and herbarium of the plant was submitted to the Herbarium

Deposition Unit, Biodiversity and Conservation Lab, Ambika Prasad Research Foundation,

Bhubaneswar. Collected plant sample was air dried and grinded for getting powder form. The

crude powder of Utricularia aurea (whole plant) was extracted using Soxhlet apparatus for

phytochemical, chromatographic and anthelmintic works. The ecological aspects of results

revealed that it was usually found in the water bodies having pH4.0 to 5.8 and most common

associate enumerated flora are Althernanthera philoxeroides, Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia

stratiotes and Salvinia cucullata. The phytochemical screening revealed that the whole plants are

rich with phenolic compounds and the fractions of column revealed that it was rich with –OH

group of secondary metabolites. The present study highlights the importance of Utricularia aurea

in general and Carnivorous plants in particular.

Keywords: Insectivorous plants, Utricularia, Ecological mapping, Medicinal values

DISTRIBUTION AND MEDICINAL VALUES OF DENDROPHTHOE

FALCATA (L.F.) ETTINGSH: A PARASITIC PLANT OF ODISHA

Ayswarya Mohanty & Sanjeet Kumar*



ABSTRACT

Dendrophthoe falcata, a parasitic plant has traditionally been considered as an important source

of medicine for various diseases. Hence an attempt has been taken to gather the reported

information and availability of the species in various places of Khurda and Cuttack Districts.

Survey was made during January 2019 to March 2019. Results revealed that plant species is used

to treat many disease and disorders. The phytochemical screening and anti-helmintic activity

show its pharmacological potential.

Keywords: Insectivorous plants, Utricularia, Ecological mapping, Medicinal values


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DIVERSITY AND EVALUATION OF MEDICINAL VALUES OF

SCYLLA SERRATA: A MANGROVE CRAB OF ODISHA

Barsa B Nayak, Arpita kumari & Sanjeet Kumar*



ABSTRACT

Mangrove is a unique ecological system having diverse faunal and floral species. Odisha consists

of 231 km2of mangrove and they are home of different types of faunal species particularly

Arthropods. Among the available Arthropods of mangroves of Odisha, crabs are very unique

having food and medicinal values. There is lack of documentation on their diversity & medicinal

values. Keeping this in mind, a survey was carried out to document the available crab’s species

specially the mostly edible crab species Scylla serrata found in mangroves of Odisha and gather

the medicinal information on them. This species is very delicious and the medicinal value would

be like cream on the cake. Results revealed that the Scylla serrata used to reduced inflammation.

The present study to prove that it reduces inflammation and other medicinal values present in

this by checking out the bioactive compounds present in it.

Keywords: Salt water, bio wealth, Scylla serrata, phytochemicals, anthelmintic.

ETHNO-MEDICO VALUES OF ORDER FABALES 1Ankita Pal, 2Nihar R Singh &1Sanjeet Kumar

Biodiversity & Conservation Lab, Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Odisha, India

Department of Botany, Revenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, India


ABSTRACT

The nature and bioavailability of phytochemical constituents have been determined by

morphological characters and phytochemicals analysis. Among the floral wealth, Fabales are

selected for medicinal evaluation. From the Fabales, Caesalpinia bonduc & Delbergia rubiginosa

were selected for experimental works.The collected plants parts were subjected for

phytochemical Screening and anti-helmintic activity. The results revealed that both selected

plants and rich with Bioactive Compound and here sound anti-helmintic activity.

Keywords: Medicinal values, Fabales, Odisha, Bioactive Compounds.


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EVALUATION OF MEDICINAL VALUES OF CLARIAS

BATRACHUS: AN INDIGENOUS FISH SPECIES OF ODISHA

Sulipta Sahoo, Yasaswinee Rout & Sanjeet Kumar*



ABSTRACT

Fisheries and aquaculture are gaining more emphasis due to our concern in sustainability,

greener solutions, conservation and food security. Detailed studies on physiology, genetics

general biology and their medicinal value in a fish species are therefore very much relevant in

order to put forward conservation protocols and to propose newer and improved culture

practices.The catfish, Clarias batrachus ordinarily known as ‘‘Asian catfish" (Magur), is an

endemic fish of India available in almost all its river systems, lakes and ponds. This fish serves

as one of the significant food sources in the country. It is eminent that C.batrachus population

have been as fully diminished during last two decades because of overfishing and habitat

diversifications Keeping this food value and conservation status in mind, an attempt has been

made to collect ethno medicinal values of the Fish C.batrachus from the rural communities of

Orissa. Among all the local species, Magur fish is selected for the experimental works. The fish

is collected from Nakhara, Cuttack and dried in oven for qualitative analysis. By soxhlet method

the extracts are prepared and chromatography test were carried out followed by anti helmintic

test. It reduces labour pain during pregnancy with other essential bioactive compound present

and having anti helmintic properties also.

Keywords: Local fish, Bioactive Compound, Catfish.

CORRELATION BETWEEN FOOD OF THE INDIAN SKIMMER

AND ITS BEHAVIOR 1Monalisa Rout, 1Rajkumari Supriya Devi, 2Sakti K Rath, 3Susanta Kumar Biswal &1S

Kumar*

1. Biodiversity and Conservation Division, Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Odisha, India


3. School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management,

Bhubaneswar, India


ABSTRACT



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Riverine avifauna plays a very important role in aquatic ecosystem. They maintain the ecological

balance. Presently, their number rapidly declining due to some abiotic and biotic factors and

human influences. The present investigation deals with making some conservation strategies for

a vulnerable species, Indian Skimmer Rynchops albicollis to save and increase their population

by studying their feeding behavior and establishing relationship between the foods they consume

and bioactive compounds. In this view the present study is designed for the establishment of

relationship between the foods and behavior of Indian Skimmer. Survey was done during

January 2019 to April 2019 at Mundali, Cuttack. Fish as a food and Indian Skimmer was

collected from market, dried and made in powder form for the screening of bioactive

compounds. Thin Layered Chromatography (TLC) was preformed and for knowing the

medicinal values antihelmintic activity was done against Earthworm. The result revealed that;

Indian Skimmer consume surface fish during mating. The Phytochemical Screening showed the

presence of Steroids in experimental fish extracts, which may be responsible to trigger the

hormones for mating.

Keywords: Bioactive Compounds, Fish, Indian Skimmer, Steroid.

WILD ORNAMENTAL PLANTS AND THEIR

ETHNOMEDICINAL VALUES OF ODISHA 1N Lalita, 2Navneet Kaur & 1S Kumar*

1. Biodiversity and Conservation Division, Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Odisha, India



ABSTRACT

Identification and exploration of wild ornamental species is one of the new areas of research and

accounts wide spectrum of uses in environmental management. The safe conservation and

sustainable uses of these wild resources is essential for future generation. Using field

investigation in combination with analysis of relevant literature and available data, Blepharis

maderaspatensis and Ipomoea pes-caprae is selected for the experimental works. The plants were

collected from Dhauli and CTC-Puri road respectively and dried at room temperature for

qualitative analysis of secondary metabolites. The extracts were prepared by Soxhlet apparatus

and phytochemical test were carried out followed by anthelmintic activities. It was observed that

extracts are rich with diverse bioactive compounds. It was noted that extract showed sound

anthelmintic activity compared to allopathic drugs available in the medicine shop of

Bhubaneswar.


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EVALUATION OF MEDICINAL VALUES OF SELECTED

THREATENED MEDICINAL PLANTS AVAILABLE IN

BHUBANESWAR, ODISHA 1Jyoti Prava Jema, 1Latika Sahu, 1Sanjeet Kumar*, 2Sakti Kanta Rath & 2Chandi C Rath

1. Biodiversity and Conservation Lab., Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Odisha, India



ABSTRACT

Odisha is rich with floral diversity. Due to anthropogenic activity number of plants came into

different Categories of threatened Unit. Among them three plants are selected which are easily

available in the urban areas of Bhubaneswar. These are Saraca asoca , Celastrus paniculatus &

Scindapsus officinalis. The selected plants are collected from the urban areas and then kept for

drying in hot air oven. The extracts are prepared from the Soxhlet apparatus and

Chromatographic analysis was done. Result reveled various pharmacological values of the

plants. The plant Saraca asoca is used against the menstrual problem of female, Celastrus

paniculatus is used against mental disorder and any type of body pain, Scindapsus officinalis is

used against body pain. It was observed that the extract is rich in the secondary metabolites and

the extract shows better Anthelmintic activity than the allopathic drug. Hence the present study

highlights the importance of the pants and reason for its conservation.

Keywords: Threatened, Urban areas, Phytochemistry, Bioactive compounds

QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS

AND EVALUATION OF MEDICINAL VALUES OF

MACROBRACHIUM ROSENBERGII: A NUTRACEUTICAL

Rajnandini Nayak, Anindra Sahoo & Sanjeet Kumar*

Biodiversity and Conservation Lab, Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Bhubaneswar, India


ABSTRACT

Macrobrachium rosenbergii, the giant fresh water prawn and nutraceutic prawn species is rich in

proteins, vitamins, minerals and good calories is appreciated by human being for its nutritional

values. So, an attempt has been made to study on presence of bioactive compounds in it and its

medicinal values. The prawn is collected from the local market and dried in oven for quantitative

analysis of secondary metobolites. The results revealed that due to presence of different bioactive

compounds it is used to treat a number of aliment and it has high pharmacological importance.



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Keywords: Prawn, food values, medicinal values, biowealth.

SCIENTIFIC CORRELATION BETWEEN FEEDING

BEHAVIOR OF RYNCHOPS ALBICOLLIS AND PETHIA

TICTO: A CASE STUDY ON A VULNERABLE AVIAN SPECIES

OF ODISHA 1Suchismita Das, 2Nihar R Singh, 3Susanta Kumar Biswal & 1Sanjeet Kumar*


2. Department of Botany, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, India

3. School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management,

Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India


ABSTRACT

Birds play a very important role in sustaining the biological equilibrium. The process of

globalization and depleting environmental condition has a serious impact on avian diversity. One

such avifauna named Rynchops albicollis (Indian Skimmer) is getting declining worldwide due

to adverse environmental condition and anthropogenic action. Hence there is an urgent need to

study these threatened species to help sustain the biological balance of nature and makes some

conservation strategies to save the number of species in the interest of mankind. To save and

increase its numbers, an attempt has been made on studying its feeding behavior. As this species

major diet consist of 5 types of fish,one of the fish species was used for experimental analytical

work. The extracts were prepared and chromatographic studies were carried Results revealed that

the experimental fish species Pethia ticto (Kerandi) was may use to induce the breeding and egg

laying activity in Indian Skimmer. It was observed that the extract is rich with diverse bioactive

compounds. The present study highlights the importance of fish as diet to Indian Skimmer.

Keywords: Medicinal values, Fabales, Odisha, Bioactive Compounds.

DIVERSITY OF CLIMBERS OF ODISHA

Chinmayee Sahu & Sanjeet Kumar*



ABSTRACT


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Climbers are versatile plants that can often serve as same as other plants (shrubs) while using

less space. Like other plants climbers are also play major role in economic upgradation and food

sector, which are also utilized as therapeutic agents since time immemorial. Due to this important

feature of climbers, an attempt has been taken to gather the availability in Odisha. Survey was

made during the period of 2009 to 2019. Results revealed that about 178 species of climbers, are

available in Odisha State.

ORIGIN, DIVERSITY AND USES OF INVASIVE ALIEN PLANT

SPECIES IN UTKAL UNIVERSITY CAMPUS, BHUBANESWAR,

ODISHA

Sanjeeb Kumar Das1*, Asutosh Subudhi 2, Samerendranath Naik 3 Sourav Ranjan

Pradhan4, & Sidhanta Sekhar Bisoi 5

1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Department of Botany, Regional Institute of Education (NCERT), Sachivalaya Marg,

Bhubaneswar- 751022

E-Mail: [email protected]/ [email protected]

ABSTRACT

An exhaustive floristic survey was carried out during 2017-2018 in the Utkal University

Campus, Bhubaneswar, Odisha state to assess the diversity, nativity and uses of invasive alien

plants. From the study it was found that 60 species with 51 genera and under 34 different

families were invasive alien plants. Analysis of habit revealed that the herbs were dominant with

45 species (75%) followed by shrubs (07), trees (02) and climbers (06) and the dominant family

was Asteraceae with 10 (19.23%) species followed by Caesalpiniaceae (04), Convolvulaceae

(03), Fabaceae (03), Lamiaceae (03), Verbenaceae( 02), Amaranthaceae (02), Asclepiadaceae

(02), Malvaceae( 02) and Poaceae (02). These families included most invasive species, such as

Chromolaena odorata, Lantana camara, Hyptis suaveolens, Ageratum conyzoides, Parthenium

hysterophorus, Eichhornia crassipes, Alternanthera philoxeroides, and others. The dominance of

Asteraceae species among all IAPS found in this region was resulted due to higher potential for

adaptability and rapid growth. It was found from the literature that different native places of

IAPS of Utkal University Campus were Tropical America (30), Tropical Africa (10), Tropical

South America (6), , Brazil (3), West Indies (2), Mediterranean (1), Europe (1)Tropical Central

South America(1), Tropical Central America (1), Peru (1), and Tropical West Asia (1). From the

interaction with local residents and literature survey it was found that IAPS were used as

medicine (50), fuel (25), ornamental (6), rope making (2) and leafy vegetable (4).

Keywords: Utkal University diversity, exotic, Invasive Alien Plant Species (IAPS)

mailto:[email protected]/


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STRUCTURE, COMPOSITION AND BIODIVERSITY OF TREE

SPECIES IN THE CORE ZONE OF BHUBANESWAR CITY,

ODISHA

Sanjeeb Kumar Das1*, Mahendra Kumar Satapathy2, & Rama Chandra Mohanty3

1,2Department of Botany, Regional Institute of Education (NCERT), Sachivalaya Marg,

Bhubaneswar- 751022 3Emeritus Professor, Dept. of Botany, Utkal University, Vanivihar, Bhubaneswar

E-Mail: [email protected]/ [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Increasing population and changing lifestyle lead extensive commercial exploitation of the

natural biodiversity. Therefore, documentation of biodiversity is mandatory to develop the

strategies of conservation and management. In this context, structure, composition and

Biodiversity in the core zone of Bhubaneswar city was taken as study site. Quadrat wise analysis

of tree species was carried out and characters such as Relative Frequency (RF), Relative Density

(RD), Relative Dominance (RnD), and Important Value Index ( IVI) were calculated. A total of

42 tree species were observed inside. Of the 42 tree species, identified as Delonix regia,

Anacardium occidentale , Mangifera indica, Butea monosperma, Artocarpus heterophyllus

Acacia nilotica, Eucalyptus citriodora , Ziziphus mauritiana, Bombax ceiba, Delonix regia,

Azadirachta indica, Tectona grandis, ,Aegle marmelos, Saraca asoca, Diospyros melanoxylon,

Dalbergia sisso, Mangifera indica, Madhuca indica, Syzygium cumini, Cascabela thevetia,

Terminalia arjuna ,Ficus religiosa, Phyllanthus emblica, Cassia fistula, Ficus religosa etc. These

plant species belong to 14 different families. Among them Fabaceae was the most dominant

family followed by Myrtaceae. Delonix regia, Anacardium occidentale Acacia nilotica, Butea

monosperma, Azadirachta indica and Mangifera indica displayed higher frequency, density, and

Abundance in the study site. On the basis of IVI value, Acacia nilotica, Azadirachta indica,

Eucalyptus citriodora , Diospyros melanoxylon and Neolamarckia cadamba were documented as

Predominant plant communities.

Keywords: Frequency, Density, Abundance, Importance value index, Shannon-Weiner diversity.

A STUDY ON MEDICINAL VALUE OF CRUSTOSE LICHEN

(LECANORA SP.), AND ITS CONSERVATION

Neetu Rana & Sunanda Sahoo*

School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University


mailto:[email protected]/



Page | 15

ABSTRACT

A lichen community is a group of various species of lichens present at a site. The composition of

an epiphytic lichen community is one of the best biological indicators of nitrogen and sulfur-

based air pollution in forests. Their sensitivity results from their total reliance on atmospheric

sources of nutrition. Because lichens are so sensitive to these pollutants, they are useful as an

early indicator of improving or deteriorating air quality. Further, lichens are peculiar organisms

which produce unique secondary compounds mostly not known in other plant groups. Most of

the secondary compounds produced by lichens have antibiotic properties. The lichens may be a

good source of unique phytochemicals; however, not much work has been done so far for their

medicinal bioprospection and chemistry in Odisha, probably due to their disappearance as it is

highly sensitive to air pollutants and slow growth rate in nature. Nayak et al. (2016) reported

only one lichen species from Sambalpur district. With this backdrop the present study was

carried out to observe unique antimicrobial property of rock lichen on skin bacterial colony. The

Rock Crustose Lichen (Lecanora sp.) was collected from the area names as “Bhalu Dungri” of

Raja Khariar, Dist-Nuapada.(Situated at 20°19’44.8”N 82°46’01.8”E) as it was not found

anywhere in the nearby areas of Sambalpur district . The ethanol extract was done to study its

antibacterial properties against skin bacteria mainly Staphyllococcus species (as identified from

the morphological studies). The zone of inhibition of the lichen on skin bacteria

(Staphyllococcus species) was found to be 3.08 ± 0.1 mm. This short piece of work revealed the

disappearance of lichens in Sambalpur district of Odisha due to heavy air pollution and emphasis

must be given to document traditional knowledge on various uses of lichens and its conservation.

CONSERVATION OF THREATENED MEDICINAL PLANTS

Amit kumar Raut & Barsha rani Dash

College of pharmaceutical sciences, Mohuda, Berhampur, Ganjam, Odisha

Email : [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The special significance of medicinal plant in conservation stems from the major cultural,

livelyhood economical roles that they play in many people’s lives . The flora (the plant

life) of India is one of the richest diversity of the world due to the wide range of climate,

topology and environment in the country. Use of medicinal plant as a traditional medicine are

followed by around 80% people in the world. There are over 15000 species of flowering plants

in India which account for 6% of the total plants species in the world. According to

Encyclopedia of earth over 8000 plant species are officially threatened or endangered at every

hour. India is marked as mega biodiversity region over the world. Conservation and developing

agro-technologies on rare and endangered medicinal plants generate employment opportunity

and income to pharma. The presence study was carried out on 7 high value threatened Indian



Page | 16

medicinal plants species; that are Terminalia chebula, Terminalia arjuna, Saraca asoca,

Gmelina arborea, Santalum album, Oroxylum Indian, Semecrpum anacadium.

Keywords: Conservation, medicinal use, threatened species, habitat, cultivation, propagation

potential

MEDICINAL PLANTS VS POLLINATORS

Madhusmita Behera1٭& Sanjeet kumar2 1Utkal University, Vani vihar, Bhubaneswar

2Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Bhubaneswar

[email protected]٭

ABSTRACT

Ancient Indians believed that every plant has some medicinal properties. Now drug industry is

dependent on medicinal plants to a considerable extent. Phytotherapy was popular among the

early civilisations. India, having culturally rich, well developed civilisation and a healthy floral

diversity, introduced Ayurveda where the plant parts and extracts are used to cure. The efficacy

and accuracy of herbal medicines led to the vast use of medicinal plants for medical purposes.

Many medicinal plants are flowering plants. So, the reproduction can be helped by pollinators.

Pollinators are the animals that move pollen from male anther to female stigma of different

flowers, thus leading to fertilization. Some pollinators are bees, pollen wasps, ants, butterflies,

moths, birds and bats etc. The pollinators while feeding attach the pollens to their bodies and

help in pollination. In this pollination ecology, both medicinal plants and pollinators are

benefited. Cultivation of both will be of great economic value. This can help drug industries as

well as economic industries like honey.

Keywords: Phytotherapy, Medicinal plants, Pollinators

CONSERVATION OF RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT

SPECIES IN INDIA

Durga Parasad Panda & Joshnarani Bhuina

College of Pharmacutical Sciences, Berhampur, Ganjam, Odisha.

ABSTRACT

The special significance of medicinal plants in conservation stems from the major cultural,

livelihood or economical roles that they play in many people’ lives. Uses of medicinal plants as

a traditional medicine are followed by around 80% people in the world. This is nowhere more so

than in those remoter parts of the world where cultural and biological diversity tend to be most


Page | 17

concentrated, and where medicinal plants can assume high importance in cultures and for

livelihoods. India is marked as mega diversity region over the world. Based on the knowledge on

contemporary works, as collected from published literature and websites, This study presents

information on current activities in India. There are two important aspects of the field, namely

(1) Conservation of medicinal plants. (2) Management of data generated from such studies.

Conservation and developing agro technologies on rare and endangered medicinal plants

generate employment opportunity and income to farmers.

Keywords: Conservation, rare and endangered plants, medicinal

CONSERVATION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS- A MATTER OF

CONCERN FOR AYURVEDA SYSTEM OF MEDICINE

Kshirod Kumar Ratha* & Jayram Hazra

Central Ayurveda Research Institute for Heapatobiliary Disorders, Bharatpur, Bhubaneswar-

751029

E-mail- [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The use of plants as a source of medicine has been an ancient practice and is an important

component of the health care system in India. In rural India 70% of people depends on traditional

medicines for their primary health care needs. Medicinal plants remains as the back bone of

AYUSH system of medicine. An usual Ayurvedic formulation contains 90-95% raw drugs of

plant origin. Medicinal plants are used as drug or medicine in rural India where as urban people

consume them as nutraceutical and cosmetic purpose primarily.The main issue concerning

medicinal plants today is sustained supply, followed by quality assurance. For sustained supply

we need to adopt the best practice of collection and cultivation so as to ensure the sustainability

of the precious resource. For this there is an urgent need to look the supply chain of the

medicinal plants, understand the gaps and build capacity along the chain for plugging the gaps.

India accounts about 8000 medicinal plant species of which 2351 are only used in Ayurveda

system of medicine. Diversity in ecological zone and habitat makes India , a rich biodiversity

country in world. Apart from the recognize system of medicines in the country, existence of

various tribes, ethnic groups, their close association and indigenous knowledge on the usage of

plant in various illness implies the importance of plant in their daily life. However in recent

times these resources are depleting due to numerous reasons. Hence there is an urgent need to

conserve and manage them for sustainable utilization. Their diversity assessment,assessment of

threat category, development of ex-situ conservation, development of agro-technique and

propagation method, post harvest management, notification of medicinal plant conservation area



Page | 18

(MPCA), promotion of awareness and education on conservation and sustainableutilization of

medicinal plants, people’s participation are the key areas to address this issue.

Keywords: Conservation, medicinal , Cancer

BIODIVERSITY AND STRATEGIES FOR CONSERVATION OF

RARE, ENDANGERED AND THREATENED MEDICINAL

PLANTS

Pramush K Padhy & J R Bhuyan

College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mohuda, Berhampur, Ganjam

EMAIL [email protected]

ABSTRACT

India is one of the world’s top 12 mega diversity countries with 10 biogeographic region. The

climatic & altitudinal variations, coupled with varied ecological habitats of this country have

contributed to the development of immensely rich vegetation with a unique diversity in

medicinal plants which is important source of medicinal raw materials for traditional medicine

system. In India, activities in the field of medicinal plants, including conservation of germplasm

have been enhanced significantly during the past couple of decades & a huge volume of data is

being generated of these works. In accordance with the implementation of various plans &

programmes, some pioneer organizations started developing databases on medicine systems as

well as for pharmaceutical industries in the country & abroad. The World Health

Organization(WHO) has listed over 21000 plant species around the world for medicinal purpose.

In India, about 2500 plant species are being used in indigenous system of medicine. The Red

Data Book lists 427 Indian medicinal plants as endangered species, out of which 28 are

considered extinct,124 endangered,81 rare & 34 insufficiently known. The dedicated medicinal

plants are used by various tribals & local people to cure different ailments ranging from simple

injuries, wounds, cuts, fever, diarrhea, ulcers, toothache, asthma, cough & cold. Medicinal plants

occupy a vital sector of health care system in India & represent a major national resource. Hence,

there is an immense need for conservation of diversity of medicinal plant wealth for the present

& for coming generations by adapting the suitable strategy with most appropriate method of

conservation.

Keywords: biogeographic,vegetation,indigenous,endangered species,medicinal plants


Page | 19

DEPLETING MEDICINAL PLANT RESOURCES: A THREAT

FOR SURVIVAL OF AYURVEDA

Akash Patel & Shantiprava Sahoo

College of pharmaceutical sciences, Mohuda, Berhampur, Ganjam, Odisha- 760002

E-mail:[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Since the time immemorial, human beings have learned on plants,herbs,shrubs etc. For curative

treatment of diseases and to secure prevention and cure against manifestations of various

ailments. Medicinal plants have been the subject of man’s curiosity since the time he knew about

the therapeutic activities of the various drugs that occur naturally in the plants and since then

began its exploitation. According to studies about 80% of the people in the worlds developing

countries rely on the medicines that are derived from plant extracts ( vicira and

skorupa,1993). A total of 560 plant species of India have been included in the International

Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) Red List of Threatened

species, out of which 247 species are in the threatened category. This is due to the

overexploitation of these natural resources at an alarming rate. Therefore, the management of

traditional medicinal plant resources has become a matter of great urgency. An ever increasing

demand of uniform medicinal plants based medicines warrants their mass propagation through

plant tissue culture strategy. . Tissue culture protocols have been developed for a wide range of

medicinal plants, which includes endangered, rare and threatened plant species. Some of these

endangered medicinal plants are Saussaurea lappa, Picorrhiza kurroa, Ginkgo biloba, Swertia

chirata, Gymnema sylvestre, Tinospora cordifolia, Salaca oblonga, Holostemma, Celastrus

paniculata, Oroxylum indicum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Tylophora indica, Bacopa monnieri,

Rauwolfia serpentina. The main objective of the conservation work should be to conserve local

flora, fauna and natural habitats through offering conservation advice on developmental

proposals, planning strategies and environmental impact assessment; law enforcement; research

and implementing biodiversity conservation plans; and identifying sites of special scientific

interest. Thus, various measures like tissue culture technique, plant in vitro regeneration , ex situ

and in situ conservations techniques can help conserve the endangered plant species.

Keywords: Conservation, endangered medicinal plants, overexploitation.


Page | 20

FECUNDITY OF INBRED FRUITFLY DROSOPHILA

MELANOGASTER ON DIFFERENT SOLID CULTURE MEDIA:

AN ANALYSIS

Animesh Kumar Mohapatra & Priyamvada*

*E-mail: [email protected]

Department of Life Science, Regional institute of Education (NCERT),Bhubaneswar- 751022

(Odisha)

ABSTRACT

In the present study , wild-type Drosophila melanogaster collected from stock culture were sub-

cultured in three different types of solid culture media( corn, barley, and wheat) and control

medium for two weeks to produce F1 generation. The duration of larval and pupal development,

number of pupal cases and hatched flies were scored for first generation. The results were

analyzed by using one-way ANOVA, Bonferroni multiple comparison test and paired sample-

test. The control medium showed no pupal cases and hatched flies. Among all the three solid

culture media tested, corn meal, barley meal and wheat meal, the latter showed highly significant

results at p≤0.001than others. However this parameter was not affected by carbohydrates amount

in media. The present investigation is an attempt to evaluate the influence of different formulated

solid culture media on the life span and reproduction of fruit flies.

Keywords: ANOVA, Drosophila melanogaster, Fecundity , Pupa, Solid culture media.

METAMORPHOSIS OF TADPOLES OF POLYPADATES MACULATUS

IN RESPONSE TO RETINYL PALMITATE AND THYROXINE

EXPOSURE

Deepshikha*, Priyamvada & Animesh K. Mohapatra

Department of Life Science, Regional Institute of Education (NCERT), Bhubaneswar-751022,

Odisha

*Corresponding author:[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Life science is one of the major branch of natural science, which provides us an elaborate

understanding of fundamentals of life, how living organisms survive and change. Due to

exponentially increasing quantity of scientific information is this field is always subjected to new

discoveries which are helpful in improving the quality and standard of life and at the same time

having applications in health, agriculture, medicine and science industries. Several diligent and



Page | 21

hardworking minds have already put their meticulous efforts in order to reveal mysteries related

to life sciences and many more works are also going on. Under Life science the pattern of

growth, development and regeneration of mammalian embryo has been the most fascinated

research field so far.To study the complex process associated with metamorphosis, Anuran

metamorphosis has served as a role model due to its greater similarity with that of mammalian

embryo, also their life cycle being shorter (12 to 16 weeks) provides a lot of scope to study and

compare different stages. Several diligent and hardworking minds have already put their

meticulous efforts in order to reveal mysteries related to life sciences. Keeping that as sole

objective the present study was carried out to investigate and examine the effects of Thyroxine

and Vitamin-A on the growth, development and regenerative processes of amputed tails of

Polypadates maculatus.On exposure to three different dosages of vitamin-A, prolonged

metamorphosis, regeneration of amputed tail with visible malformations like bulbular mass or

tumour formation due to abnormal growth of tissues and ectopic limb development due to

homeotic transformations of tissues were observed. Tadpoles treated with sub-lethal dosages of

Thyroxine, showed triggered metamorphosis rate, along with disappearance of caudal fin,

reduction in growth and loss of pigmentation in tadpoles as compared to individuals of control

group. At the same time on simultaneous exposure of tadpoles to Thyroxine and Vitamin-A

induced intermediate abnormalities like delay in development of hind limbs, emergence of

forelimbs, and resorption of tails in comparison to tadpoles of control group. The rate of

mortality of tadpoles treated with both Thyroxine and Vitamin-A was less in comparison to

tadpoles treated with Thyroxine only but higher than tadpoles treated with Vitamin-A. This study

reveals that Thyroxine and Vitamin-A are antagonistic in nature and on simultaneous exposure to

both, metamorphosis gets arrested in a particular stage of their life cycle for a longer period of

time.

Keywords: Thyroxine, Vitamin-A, metamorphosis, regeneration, ectopic growth, homeotic

transformation, Polypadates maculatus

THREATENED MEDICINAL PLANT AND APPROACHES FOR

CONSERVATION

Binayak Chanda, Manibhusan Verma & Kumar Atish

Botany Section, Desm, Regional Institute of Education (Ncert), Bhubaneswar


ABSTRACT

India is one of the world’s megabiodiversity nations with 10 biogeography regions which are

known for their high endemism and genetic diversity. The climatic and altitudinal variations,



Page | 22

coupled with varied ecological habitats, has contributed to the development of immensely rich

vegetation with a unique diversity of medicinal plants which provides an important source of raw

materials for traditional medicine systems as well as for pharmaceutical industries in the country

and abroad. The rich therapeutic efficiencies of the medicinal plants have resulted in the

establishment and promotion of several indigenous systems of medicine such as Ayurveda. Over

the years, the use of herbal medicines has witnessed inflation as they are known to have either no

side effects or the negligent ones. According to World Health Organisation (WHO), the global

market for medicinal plants increases by 7% annually and generates approximately US $70

Billion in revenue. (Gera et.al, 2003). However with increasing demand and the growth of

human population have resulted unsustainable rates of exploitation of natural resources, which

has caused them to be labelled as ‘Threatened’. The Red Data Book, enlists 427 Indian

Medicinal Plants as endangered, some of which are: Himalayan yew (Taxus wallichiana),

Snakeroot (Rauvolfia serpentina), Elephant’s Foot (Dioscorea deltoidea) etc. To maintain the

continuity of the use of medicinal plants for the benevolence of mankind, there is need to

conservethem. The approaches of conservation can be in-situ, ex-situ, biotechnical or

community based approaches. The engagement with the local community is important because

of their local knowledge concerning wild varieties,natural resources, planting and management.

Only with these we shall be able to preserve our rich biological heritage.

Keywords: Megabiodiversity, Medicinal plants, Ayurveda, Exploitation, Threatened,

Conservation.

PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF CHARA ZEYLANICA L.

Astom Mondal, Karabi Biswas, Sushree Ghosh, Snigdha Majumder, Momezul Haque &

Sankar Narayan Sinha

Department of Botany, University of Kalyani

Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India

Corresponding author e mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

In recent years, the secondary metabolites (Phytochemicals) have been extensively investigated

as a source of medicinal agents. The sample for the study constitutes Chara zeylanica from from

the family Characeae. It was collected from the river Mahananda at Malda. Four different solvent

extracts of Chara zeylanica were subjected to qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis

of secondary metabolites both by preliminary phytochemical screening tests of ten different

chemical compounds (alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, phenols,

coumarins, quinones and glycosides). The result of phytochemical screening of Chara zeylanica

showed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, coumarins,

quinones and glycosides and the absence of saponins. Among the four different extracts, ethyl


Page | 23

acetate extract showed the presence of maximum number (9) of compounds. Next to that,

Methanol extracts showed seven compounds. Hexane extracts yielded six compounds and

acetone extracts only four compounds. The estimation of total phenolics, tannins and flavonoids

were observed in different extracts of Chara zeylanica. The quantitative analyses of

phytochemical showed that secondary metabolites such as phenolics (2.14 ± 0.15 mg GAE/g dry

wt) and flavonoids (1.72 ± 0.05 mg RUE/g dry wt) showed high amounts in methanol extract,

whereas tannins showed high amounts(2.12 ± 0.45 mg CAE /g dry wt) in ethyl acetate extract.

Key words – Chara zeylanica , Secondary metabolites, Phytochemical, solvents.

MEDICINAL PLANTS USED FOR CARDIOVASCULAR

DISEASES-A CASE STUDY IN RIE CAMPUS

Pragya Kirti *1, Kundan Majumdar 1 & Sanjeeb Kumar Das2

Regional Institute of Education (NCERT), Bhubaneswar 2Department of Botany, R.I.E (NCERT), Sachivalaya Marg, Bhubaneswar-751022

E-Mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Use of plants as medicine is an old and traditional practice in India as well as in world. Since

from prehistoric time knowledge of medicine for disease appeared in Rig Veda (4500-1600 B.C)

and Atharva Veda (1500 B.C).India having more than 40 million people irrespective of urban

and rural areas the use of plant based medicines seems to be playing a key role in rural areas of

India a significant fraction of population directly or indirectly rely on plant based products for

curing number of diseases. Cardiovascular diseases constitute one of the major causes of

disability and death all over the world. Increase mechanization and westernization of life style

and genetic factors; have contributed to its rise in the developing world as well. It is estimated

that by 2030, over 23 million people will die from cardiovascular diseases annually. The

Regional Institute of Education (RIE), Bhubaneswar is endowed with a large number of

medicinal plants spread over about 100 acres of land. The RIE campus has housed a good

number of plants having medicinal values. Some of the plants present in RIE campus are found

to be used for curing cardiovascular diseases. Here in, we have documented some medicinal

properties based on previous literature and current Research. The main objective of this

documentation is to draw attention of people towards the medicinal plant present in their vicinity

and their use in curing cardiovascular diseases. Some major wild medicinal plants present in RIE

campus are, Aegle marmelos(Linn.)Corr., Allium sativum, Antirrhinum majus, Terminalia

chebula, Terminalia alata , Strychnos nux-vomica(Linn.), Dioscerea alata (Linn.), Melia

azedarach (Linn), Ocimum sanctum (Linn.), Azadirachta indica, Digitalis purpurea, Rauwolfia

serpentina, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Curcuma longa (Linn.), Allium cepa (Linn.).Rigorous


Page | 24

training of patients to take precautions and drug interactions into account and to avoid the

arbitrary use of medicinal plants is very important.

Keywords: Medicinal Plants, Cardiovascular diseases, Ethnobotany, Conservation)

BIODIVERSITY AND STRATEGIES FOR CONSERVATION OF

RARE, ENDANGERED AND THREATENED MEDICINAL

PLANTS

Pramush K Padhy & Jochhana Rani Bhuyan

College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mahuda, Berhampur, Ganjam

EMAIL [email protected]

ABSTRACT

India is one of the world’s top 12 mega diversity countries with 10 biogeographic region. The

climatic & altitudinal variations, coupled with varied ecological habitats of this country have

contributed to the development of immensely rich vegetation with a unique diversity in

medicinal plants which is important source of medicinal raw materials for traditional medicine

system. In India, activities in the field of medicinal plants, including conservation of germplasm

have been enhanced significantly during the past couple of decades & a huge volume of data is

being generated of these works. In accordance with the implementation of various plans &

programmes, some pioneer organizations started developing databases on medicine systems as

well as for pharmaceutical industries in the country & abroad. The World Health

Organization(WHO) has listed over 21000 plant species around the world for medicinal purpose.

In India, about 2500 plant species are being used in indigenous system of medicine. The Red

Data Book lists 427 Indian medicinal plants as endangered species, out of which 28 are

considered extinct,124 endangered,81 rare & 34 insufficiently known. The dedicated medicinal

plants are used by various tribals & local people to cure different ailments ranging from simple

injuries, wounds, cuts, fever, diarrhea, ulcers, toothache, asthma, cough & cold. Medicinal plants

occupy a vital sector of health care system in India & represent a major national resource. Hence,

there is an immense need for conservation of diversity of medicinal plant wealth for the present

& for coming generations by adapting the suitable strategy with most appropriate method of

conservation.

Keywords: biogeographic,vegetation,indigenous,endangered species,medicinal plants


Page | 25

GREEN BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ZINC

OXIDE (ZnO) NANOWIRES USING FRESH WATER

CYANOBACTERIUM ANABAENA DOLIOLUM AQUEOUS

EXTRACT

Abhijeet Mahana *Laboratory of Algal Biology, Department of Botany, Mizoram University, Aizawl-796004,

India

Email: [email protected], Mob: +91-8763655710

ABSTRACT

Cyanobacteria are an ancient group of photosynthetic prokaryotes, which have significant role in

biogeochemical cycles in ecosystem. They are indigenous to almost every terrestrial and aquatic

habitat. In recent years the green synthesis of metallic nanostructure using various biological

organisms like plants, bacteria, algae and cyanobacteria increase their interest for its variety of

applications. Among various nanostructures, ZnO nanowires are used in a number of opto-

electronic devices such as UV lasers, light emitting diodes, solar cells, photocatalysts, etc. So, we

have synthesized ZnO nanowires from fresh water cyanobacterium Anabaena doliolum. The

synthesized ZnO nanowires were confirmed by different characterization techniques like UV-

VIS spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray

diffraction (XRD) studies. The optical characterization of ZnO nanostructure was done by UV-

VIS absorption spectra, which gave the absorbance peak at 368 nm with optical band gap 3.30

eV. XRD characterization technique verified the crystalline form of ZnO nanowire. The average

crystallite size of ZnO nanocrystal was measured by Debye-Scherrer formula and determined the

mean crystallite size as 27.71 nm. Morphological characterization of ZnO nanowire was

confirmed by SEM technique and suggested that the diameter of synthesized ZnO nanowire was

64.32 ± 16.78 nm. FT-IR characterization technique showed the transmittance peak of ZnO

nanowire at a wavenumber of 412 nm and resulted that the presence of functional groups like

primary amines, phenols and carboxylic acids in the cyanobacterial extract play an important role

in the synthesis and stabilization of ZnO nanowires. So, from the characterization results, it is

very clear that the aqueous extract of indigenous cyanobacteria like Anabaena doliolum has the

potential to synthesize ZnO nanowire and played a vital role in surface morphology, crystal

structure and optical properties of ZnO nanowires.



Page | 26

ROLE OF HONEYBEE IN HUMAN HEALTHCARE

Kalpana Naik & Sanjeet Kumar*

Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Bhubaneswar, Odisha

E-mail-Id: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Medicines help us live longer and healthier. They may be liquid, solid or semi-solid form.

Honeybees are found all over the world and are known for their art of manufacturing honey and

bee-wax. Honeybee is of greatest important to agriculture in the pollination of plants. Honey is a

natural antiseptic which prevents infection if applied to a wound. Over 4000 years ago, honey

was used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine. Bee-venom is used in the preparation of an anti-

venom to counteract snake bite. It is also used in treatment of some forms of arthritis. Honey has

antibacterial properties. It has been used to treat a wide array of illness, ailments and injuries.

Sometimes it touted as a cosmetic solution for cracked, dry, pimply skin. The larvae of honeybee

produce poisonous secretions, which are injected into the body of man and other animals either

through a bite or sting. Therefore, we should wear proper gloves and boots to be protect from

bees and aware of them before going for honey.

Keywords: Medicine, Bee-venom, Antibacterial, Antiseptic

AMORPHOPHALLUS PAEONIIFOLIUS: A NUTRACEUTICAL

FOR TRIBALS OF ODISHA 1Jugajyoti Swain, 1Padan K Jena*& 2Sanjeet Kumar

Department of Botany, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, India



ABSTRACT

Tuber crops play vital role in rural & tribal areas. They provide food and are used as medicinal

purposes too. There are diverse plant species of tubers found in wild and cultivated form. Among

them, Amorphophallus paeoniifolius is very common in wild and also is cultivated by local

communities throughout the world. Mostly it is distributed in African and Asian Countries.

Keeping the importance of the species, an attempt has been made to collect the ethnobotanical

data of this plant through field survey in selected areas of Odisha (Puri, Mayurbhanj, Cuttack,

Jagatsinghpur, Jajpur, Balasore districts). Qualitative analysis of bioactive compounds has been

carried out followed by TLC and column chromatography. Results revealed that tubers are used

as food throughout the state. Extracts of the plant parts are used to treat various diseases &




Page | 27

disorders. The qualitative analysis of bioactive compounds revealed that aqueous extract is rich

in diverse bioactive compounds. The experiment was further followed by acetone, chloroform

and n-hexane extracts of plant parts for qualitative and quantitative study of bioactive

compounds. The present study highlights the importance of a tuberous plant of the state like A.

paeoniifolius and its nutraceutical significance.

DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM THROUGH GREEN

NANOTECHNOLOGY

Simran Sahu

College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mohuda, Berhampur, Ganjam, Odisha-760002


ABSTRACT

In the era of modern science the green nanotechnology integrates the green chemistry and green

engineering which is widely used to produce ecofriendly and environmentally safe chemistry

termed as “GREEN NANOTECHNOLOGY”. Moreover, the predominant use of thistechnology

is to enhance environmental sustainability of process producing negative externalities that

include green products used in support of sustainability. The green nano products majorly

assembled by natural biomaterials (Plant extracts like neem, turmeric and microbes)are now

producing innovative materials revolutionizing the field. Nanomedicines and nano delivery

system is relatively new but rapidly developing science. Drug delivery refers to approaches

,formulations, technologiesand systems for transporting a pharmaceutical compound in the body

as needed to safely achieve the desired therapeutic effect. Most prominent nano drug delivery

systems are the oncology based on liposomal dissorder. The technology improves stability of

hydrophobic drugs, biodistribution and pharmacokinetics , reduces adverse effect and decrease

toxicity by using natural and biocompatible materials. This reduce the water pollution which may

occurs due to synthesis chemicals. Researches shown that such technologies are discovered to

minimize potential environmental human health risks. Most of the development with green

processes have led to materials have low toxicity and high biocompatibility and have been

designed by using plant extracts ,protein and lipid. As such green chemistry have helped to avoid

one of the biggest complications faced with today’s NP drug delivery systems: toxicity.

Keywords: Green chemistry, cancer, drug delivery, nanoparticles.



Page | 28

ROLE OF HONEYBEE IN HUMAN HEALTHCARE

Kalpana Naik & Sanjeet Kumar

Biodiversity and Conservation Lab., Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Bhubaneswar, Odisha

E-mail-Id: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Medicines help us live longer and healthier. They may be liquid, solid or semi-solid form.

Honeybees are found all over the world and are known for their art of manufacturing honey and

bee-wax. Honeybee is of greatest important to agriculture in the pollination of plants. Honey is a

natural antiseptic which prevents infection if applied to a wound. Over 4000 years ago, honey

was used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine. Bee-venom is used in the preparation of an anti-

venom to counteract snake bite. It is also used in treatment of some forms of arthritis. Honey has

antibacterial properties. It has been used to treat a wide array of illness, ailments and injuries.

Sometimes it touted as a cosmetic solution for cracked, dry, pimply skin. The larvae of honeybee

produce poisonous secretions, which are injected into the body of man and other animals either

through a bite or sting. Therefore, we should wear proper gloves and boots to be protect from

bees and aware of them before going for honey.

Keywords: Medicine, Bee-venom, Antibacterial, Antiseptic.

ETHENOMEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF THE GROWING IN

THE PLANT TRIBAL AREA OF SUKINDA CHROMITE

VALLEY (JAJPUR DIST.) ODISHA

R.K. Mishra & K.B. Satpathy

State Pollution Control Board, Odisha and Centurion University, Bhubaneswar

ABSTRACT

Tribal dominated chromite valley of Sukinda is exhibiting potential source of varities of

medicinal plant. In the present piece of investigation it has been observed that more than 30-40

important ethno-medicinal plant are available in the dense forest region of valley. The tribals of

this area mostly depends upon thesemedicinal plant for their diseases like Joint pain , Migraine,

Peptic Ulcer, Piles, Sinus problem, jaundice, blood dysentery, Stomach upsate, mouth disease,

throat infection, fever, uterus problems, bronchitis, bone fracture etc. The knowledge and use of

these herbs are transferred from one generation to other. The ecological factors mostly governs

the growth of these medicinal plants in the lap of nature for their use by the poor tribal like

:Kolha, Santal, Munda, Ho, Shabar ,etc. In the valley of Mahagiri, Gobaraghati, Jatadhi hill



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medicinal plants like Accacia sp. ,Aeglemarmelos, Annona squamosal, Alstoniascholaris,

Bahumia sp. , Azadiractaindica, Cassia fistula, Cocculushirsutus, Madhucaindica,

Delbergiasissoo, Meliaazadiracta, Phyllanthusimblica, Shorearobusta etc. The tribes mostly use

leaf, root, bark, stem of these medicinal plants far different diseases to cure them. Day-by-day

due to large scale mining activities, cutting down the forest cover in the valley region has

threatened these ethenomedicinal plants. The threat to human survival cannot be eliminated

without proper conservation practice, policy making for restoration of the these locally growing

medicinal plants. Proper action plan to be initiated by the Ayurvedic researchers,

ethenobotanists, forest deptt. With the participation of local tribe which should focus on

restoration of these plants to evacuate the efficacy of medicinal properties, biochemical and

alkaloid estimation of medicinal value with proper documentation.

OVEREXPLOITATION OF HORSESHOE CRABS BY

PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY

V. Ramya & Sanjeet Kumar*

Biodiversity & Conservation Lab., Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Bhubaneswar, India


ABSTRACT

Horseshoe crabs are a living fossil. They belong to the phylum-Arthropoda, order- Xiphosura

and family- Limulidae. They have six pair of appendages, a total of ten eyes, a mouth and a shell

on top. The presence of copper in hemocyanin, which is the oxygen carrier in their blood, makes

it appear blue.There are four species of horseshoe crabs. Limulus polyphemus is found in the

East coast of United States of America. The rest three species, Tachypleus gigas, Tachypleus

tridentatus and Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda are found in Southeast Asia. They live in shallow

waters with soft ocean floors. Amebocytes from the blood of these arthropods are used to make

limulus amebocyte lysate(LAL) and Tachypleus amebocyte lysate(TAL) which is used for the

detection of bacterial endotoxin in medical field. TAL is made in Asian countries and these

living fossils are bled to death, their body parts are sold for human consumption and their shell is

sold for chitin. Due to this, they are in the vulnerable category in the IUCN Red List. The

decrease in their population affects the migratory shore birds that rely on their eggs for food. So

in USA, Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission focuses on the sustainability of Limulus

polyphemus. An alternative, Recombinant Factor C(rFC) was suggested that eliminates the use

of the blood of these animals in endotoxin detection.

Keywords: Conservation, Bioresources, Odisha, Endotoxin



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PROSOPIS CINERARIA LINN: MIRACLE MEDICINAL

PLANT

Y.Chandrakala1, Lily Trivedi 1 & Sanjeet Kumar2*

1. Jayoti Vidyapeeth Women’s University, Jaipur, India

3. Biodiversity and Conservation Lab., Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Odisha, India


ABSTRACT

Since Ancient time, plants are being used in various diseases.Prosopis cineraria Linn., a well

known Jammi, Shami, Khejri, is a most common plant of the Indian desert of habitat of North

West India. The plant is very useful and famous especially in desert area due to its spread ability.

The plant is known as “Golden tree” or “wonder tree” of the desert. It is used traditionally in

treatment of various diseases like leukoderma, leprosy, asthma, dyspepsia etc. the

phytoconstituent like tannins, steroids, flavones derivatives, alkaloids etc are present in plant.

Pharmacological activities like anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, antifungal, anticancer,

antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, Antipyretic activities, antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, anti tumor,

Respiratory and gastrointestinal abortification, antioxidant, antimicrobial and wound healing

properties have been reported from different part of plant extracts. The plant has placed

important role in the Indian economy of Indian Desert and it’s dominates the vegetation. Plant

as a whole or plant parts (leaf, bark, root etc) are used for various purposes, hence need to

develop strategy for conservation.

Keywords: Prosopis cineraria, Khejri, Shami, phytoconstituent

CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE USE OF MEDICINAL

PLANTS: PROBLEMS, PROGRESS, AND PROSPECTS

Brajaraj Tripathy

College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mohuda, Berhampur-760002, Ganjam, Odisha, India

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

According to Hamilton, India has about 44% of flora, which is used medicinally. India with its

enormous natural flora is considered as the “herbarium of world” and is one of the 12-mega

biodiversity countries harboring two unique “biodiversity hot spot” out of 18 hot spots in the

world. These varied agro-climatic conditions are conducive for the growth of variety of

medicinal plants. Nearly 8000 species of medicinal plants are distributed in 386 families and

2200 genera of flowering plants which are the main source of raw drugs. Herbal potential in




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India facilitates for rapid growth of phytopharmaceuticals, perfumery and allied industry. A

number of surveys have been conducted at various places from time to time for estimating the

threat status. Using current international union for conservation of nature (IUCN) and natural

resources red list criteria plants are categorized as vulnerable, critically endangered, extinct,

endangered, low risk, extinct in wild, near threatened at regional and global levels. By using

IUCN criteria, about 121 species have been recorded in the red data book of Indian plants from

Himalayan Region, of these 17 are medicinal plants. Red listed important medicinal plants

species of India are 195 which contain certain drugs used in folk or traditional systems other than

Ayurveda. Both conservation strategies (e.g. in situ and ex situ conservation and cultivation

practices) and resource management (e.g. good agricultural practices and sustainable use

solutions) should be adequately taken into account for the sustainable use of medicinal plant

resources. Biotechnical approaches (e.g. tissue culture, micropropagation, synthetic seed

technology, and molecular marker-based approaches) should be applied to improve yield and

modify the potency of medicinal plants.

Keywords: Conservation, Medicinal, Rare and Endangered species, Red listedtissue culture,

micropropagation,

CENTRALIZED MONITORING OF HOSPITAL PATIENT BY

DEVELOPING COMMUNAL HEALTH CENTER- A REVIEW

Satyajit Prusty

Royal College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Berhampur, Odisha, India.

ABSTRACT

In the global information era, we have gathered the information regarding the various aspects of

health issues. This topic will help to public health literacy is a worldwide problem, it needs to be

addressed urgently in India. Lack of health literacy poses a great threat to our nation economic

stability as health care expenditures are on rise along with an expanding population. Developing

communal health center in various location in India have a great approaches to make one step

help to better health services or lower the medical management systems and have an examples

for nation which was centralized monitoring. Communal health center includes the health issues

like diabetic care, guideline for self-help for depression, drug addiction, and pregency and

antibodies resistance problems. It recruits more pharmacist, nurses and other department of

medical filed in a health center which manages by centrally. In pharmacist point view developing

communal health center will increase more industry to produce more generic drugs and have

future to pharmacy practice or clinical pharmacy and other field of medical students and have

better opportunities for resolve the health services problem in India.


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Keywords: communal health center, medical management, centralized monitoring, drug

addiction, pharmacy practice

PRELIMINARY FLORISTIC STUDIES OF KULDIHA

WILDLIFE SANCTUARY, ODISHA, INDIA

Manoranjan Pattanayak

Nandankanan Zoological Park, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

Email-Id:[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Kuldiha Wildlife Sanctuary is situated between 210 20’ and 210 30’ North latitude and 860 26’

and 860 45’ East longitude. It is one of the 19th notified Sanctuaries of Odisha covering an area

of 272.75 Sqkm. This Sanctuary is notified under section 18 of the Wild Life (Protection) Act

1972 by Govt. of Orissa, FFAH Department vide their notification No 243-FFAH dt 4.1.1984. It

is linked to Similipal Tiger Reserve via Sukhupada and Nato hills Range. The forest type here is

moist mixed deciduous type and Peninsular Sal. Shorea robusta is a dominant species in study

areas. In spite of diversity of floristic composition, it is less botanised by H.H. Haines (1925-27)

and he has reported about 29 angiospermic plants. Subsequently in 1950 Mooney has reported 4

plants in their respective treatise. The Defence activities at Chandipur is also posing a threat to

Forest .Due to human interference the plant taxa are becoming rare. Hence in order to keep an

authentic records of plants field trips to this Sanctuary has been conducted and through regular

field visit 86 species belonging to 72 genera a under 29 Angiospermic families have been

collected and identified.The bark of Oroxylum indicum is extensively used by local people for

medicinal purpose. So this plant is becoming rare in the Sanctuary. Besides the invasion of

exotic weeds like Lantana camara and Chromolaena odorata are a potential threat to the

Sanctuary. A relationship between different type pf floral elements and wild life in respect of

food chain will be highlighted which is very important for sustainable development of the

Sanctuary.

Keywords: Angiosperms, medicinal plants, over harvesting, threats

ETHNOMEDICINAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND

PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF ABUTILON

INDICUM (L.) SWEET

Gyanranjan Mahalik, and Kunja Bihari Satapathy

Department of Botany, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha,India


Page | 33

ABSTRACT

Abutilon indicum is one of the most important plant species belonging to family Malvaceae. The

whole plant or its specific parts (leaves, stem, roots, fruits and seeds) are known to have

medicinal properties and have a long history of use by tribal people in Dhenkanal district of

Odisha. The plant is used as demulcent, aphrodisiac, laxative, diuretic, pulmonary,

immunomodulatory, analgesic, antimicrobial and sedative. The leaves are used as astringent and

to cure piles. The phytochemical analysis revealed thepresence of alkaloid, amino acid, saponins,

flavonoids, glycosides and steroids. The anti bacterial activity of the extracts prepared from the

dried leaves using agar-well diffusion method against both gram positive and gram negative

microorganisms. Among all the extracts the ethanolic and methanolic extract of the leaves

showed significant antibacterial activity. This plant exhibits several potentialpharmacological

and antioxidative activities. The present work is therefore, an effort to give a detailed studies of

ethnomedicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Abutilon indicum.

STUDIES ON THE INDIGENOUS LEAFY VEGETABLES OF

BALASORE DISTRICT OF ODISHA AND THEIR CURATIVE

PROPERTIES

Niquehat Noor1 & Kunja Bihari Satapathy2

1K.K.S.Women’s College, Motiganj, Balasore, Odisha 2Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences,

Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Green leafy vegetables are vital for growth and good health as they contain all important

nutrients. These vegetables form a substantial proportion of the diets of most low- and middle-

class people in many developing countries. Although they can be raised at lower management

cost even on poor marginal farmer’s plots, they have remained underutilized due to lack of

awareness and popularization of technologies for utilization. It is rather unfortunate that there is

now a gradual neglect of some of the useful traditional leafy vegetables that have been used for

food and medicine over the years. Although nutritive value of indigenous leafy vegetables has

been studied extensively, revealing high content of macro- and micro-nutrients, while little work

has focused on the medicinal value of indigenous vegetables of Odisha. The present study was

undertaken to document traditional medicinal knowledge of indigenous leafy vegetables used by

vulnerable groups (pregnant mothers, children and people living with malnutrition) in Balasore

district of Odisha. Some of the widely used leafy vegetables of the area with curative properties




Page | 34

are Hygrophila schulli (effective blood purifier, anti-anaemic), Trigonella foenum-graecum (used

for constipation, diabetes, painful menstruation ), Centella asiatica (cooling effect in stomach) ,

Paederia foetida (used in bowel troubles), Enydra fluctuans (good blood purifier and appetizer),

Oxalis corniculata (effective against amoeboid dysentery), Polygonum plebeium (cure bowel

complaints), Mollugo pentaphylla (stomachic and aperient), Bacopa monnieri (brain tonic)

andAzadirachta indica (intestinal worm, gingivitis. Among the families of indigenous leafy

vegetables, Amaranthaceae was found to be dominant followed by Cucurbitaceae, Brassicaceae,

Fabaceae, Apiaceae and Caesalpiniaceae. Amaranthus is the dominant genera followed by

Brassica, Cucurbita, Ipomoea, Trigonella etc. Habit-wise distribution of indigenous leafy

vegetables shows, herbs are predominant followed by climber, shrub and tree. Present studies

reveal that many unexplored green leafy vegetables species with medicinal properties are present

which needs immediate documentation and conservation for welfare of the humankind. Research

in greater scale of green leafy vegetables can give surprising varieties which can be used to meet

the fast growing demand of the population in the whole country.

PTERIDOPHYTIC DIVERSITY OF DEOMALI HILL RANGE IN

KORAPUT DISTRICT OF ODISHA AND THEIR

ETHNOMEDICINAL USES

Smaranika Nayak, Pradeep Kumar Chand & Kunja Bihari Satapathy

P.G. Department of Botany, Utkal University, Vani Vihar

Bhubaneswar, 751004, Odisha


ABSTRACT

Pteridophytes are the first vascular plants which prefer to grow in moist and cool conditions.

This group of plant is ecologically and economically important for several aspects. Deomali hill

range (18° 40’ 32’’N -82°58’54’’E) of Koraput district in Odisha State is a prominent range

having Deomali peak, at an elevation about 1672 m. The present report is made on the basis of

field investigation in different sites of the hill range and their taxonomic identification. The study

reveals the presence of 75 species of ferns and fern allies, belong to 35 families from the area.

Some of the common ferns with folklore claims of the area are Adiantum capillus-veneris L.

(plant paste to treat cuts and wounds.), Adiantum incisum Forssk. (fresh plant extract is used

against skin diseases), Adiantum philippense L. (rhizome used to reduce glandular swellings),

Blechnum orientale L. (leaf juice to cure intestinal wounds; the paste made from the rhizome

used to cure urinary bladder), Ceratopteris thalicteroides (L.) Brongn (plant mixed with turmeric

to treat wounds and boils), Christella parasitica (L.) Lev. (leaf juice to treat body swellings),

Dicranopteris linearis (Burm.f.) Underwood (rhizome-paste to cure asthma), Diplazium


Page | 35

esculentum (Retz.) Sw. (leaf juice against cold and cough), Drynaria quercifolia (L.) J.Sm.

(rhizome paste along with water given to treat body pain and joint pain), Dryopteris cochleata

(D.Don) C.Chr. (leaf decoction against eczema), Hemionitis arifolia (Burm.) Moore (root paste

mixed with turmeric sap applied over the affected places to cure cuts & wounds), Lygodium

microphyllum (Cav.) R.Br. (leaf paste with turmeric used to heal wounds), Marsilea quadrifolia

L. (leaf paste mixed with turmeric to cure skin diseases and insomnia), Pteris biaurita L. (

rhizome paste applied in body pain), Pteris cretica L. (leaf paste applied over affected places to

heal wounds), Pteris vittata L. (leaf paste mixed with pepper to get rid of from cough and fever)

and Salvinia molesta D.Mitch. (plant paste applied in ringworm).

Keywords: Pteridophytes, Ethnomedicinal, Deomali, Koraput, Odisha

TRADITIONAL HERBAL CONTROL OF POST-HARVEST DECAY

OF COLOCASIA (Colocasia esculenta L.) TUBERS IN ODISHA

Akhtari Khatoon1, Ashirbad Mohapatra2 & Kunja Bihari Satapathy3

1P. G. Department of Botany, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar-751004, Odisha, India 2Sri Jayadev College of Education and Technology, Naharkanta, Bhubaneswar-752101, Odisha, India 3Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and

Management, Odisha, India

Email-Id : [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the in-vitro antifungal activity of

petroleum ether and methonolic leaf extracts from eight different plant species against Colocasia

esculenta L. post-harvest decay fungi including Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger,

Geotrichum candidum, Rhizopus oryzae and Penicillium sp. Prior to culture, these fungi were

isolated from the rotten Colocasia esculenta L. tubers collected from different market places of

some districts of Odisha. In-vitro antifungal efficacy of petroleum ether and methonolic leaf

extracts of Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet, Ageratum conyzoides L., Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br.,

Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam., Averrhoa carambola L., Cassia fistula L., Centella asiatica

Urban. and Dillenia indica L. were tested against five test fungi by poison food technique. The

efficacy of plant extracts was compared with four commercial fungicides such as Blitox-50,

Dhanustin, Indofil and Macozeb. The result revealed that the plant extracts were more effective

against the five pathogenic test fungi as compared to the four commercial fungicides. The results

on the efficacy of test botanicals to control the growth of test fungi indicated that the petroleum

ether extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus was most effective against Aspergillus flavus,

petroleum ether extract of Ageratum conyzoides against Aspergillus niger, petroleum ether

extract of Ageratum conyzoides against Geotrichum. candidum, methanolic extract of


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Artocarpus heterophyllus against Rhizopus oryzae, petroleum ether extract of Averrhoa

carambola against Penicillium sp.

Keywords: Post-harvest storage rots, fungi, plant extracts, antifungal activity, commercial

fungicides.

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL

ACTIVITY OF Averrhoa carambola L. LEAF EXTRACT

Basanti Majhi1, Kunja Bihari Satapathy2 & Sagar Kumar Mishra3

1, 2Post Graduate Department of Botany, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar 2University Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar


ABSTRACT

Growing drug resistance of microorganisms and adverse result of antibiotic usage have led to the

search for alternative medicines from nature. Many plants have been exploited to cure infectious

diseases from time immemorial. The current investigation deals with the evaluation of the

antimicrobial activity, preliminary phytochemical screening and Thin Layer Chromatography

(TLC) analysis of Averrhoa carambola L. leaf extracts. The antimicrobial activitywas done by

agar well diffusion method. Preliminary phytochemical screening was done by standard method.

Plant extracts were found active against all the bacteria. Aqueous extract of A. carambola leaves

showed higher antibacterial activity as compared with methanol and petroleum ether extract at

the concentration of 25 mg/ml. Highest antibacterial activity was exhibited by the aqueous

extract against Salmonella typhi (29.23±0.02 mm). The highest antifungal potential was

exhibited by the methanol extract against Candida krusei(21.09±0.08 mm). Plant extracts were

observed to be active against all the fungal pathogens except Aspergillus niger. Minimum

inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using serial dilution method. The preliminary

phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins and polyphenolic compounds,

flavonoids, phytosterol, proteins and amino acids, carbohydrates, glycosides etc. while saponins

was absent in both the extract. The petroleum ether and methanolic extracts were subjected to

TLC study and the Rf value of different spots was observed in various solvent systems. The

outcomes of the present study indicate that A. carambola leaf is endowed with potential

antimicrobial activity and hold promise for development of pharmaceuticals and antimicrobial

agents in future.

Keywords: Averrhoa carambola L., Phytochemicals, MIC, Antibacterial, Antifungal, TLC



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TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE ON MEDICINAL PLANTS

USED FOR THE TREATMENT OF ANIMAL DISEASES IN

DHENKANAL DISTRICT OF ODISHA 1Charan Sevak Satapathy, 2Mahendra Kumar Satapathy & 3Kunja Bihari Satapathy

1Department of Botany, Baba Bhairabananda Autonomous College,

Chandikhole, Odisha 2Department of Botany, Regional Institute of Education, Bhubaneswar

3Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and

Management, Odisha, Bhubaneswar


ABSTRACT

Domestic animals comprise the most important component of agricultural economics of Odisha.

Farmers and cattle growers in inaccessible countryside of this district still depend upon plants for

curing various animal ailments. Plants of ethno-veterinary importance have been recognized by

the folk through a process of experience over hundreds of years. An extensive study was carried

out during 2015-2018 for documentation of medicinal plants used for ethno-veterinary purposes

by the rural and tribal communities in Dhenkanal district of Odisha. The study was conducted

using methods consisting of semi-structured interviews, questionnaires and direct observation.

The present communication deals with 65 plant species belonging 36 families and 81

prescriptions for veterinary medicines in use among tribes and atribes of the study area. Plants

like Abutilon indicum, Bidens pilosa, Biophytum sensitivum, Cloroxylon swietenia, Hibiscus

cannabinus, and Pueraria tuberosa are used as galactogogue; Achyranthes aspera and

Geniosporum elongatum are used for easy delivery and against retained placenta. Allium

sativum, Cassia fistula, Justicia adhatoda are used against cold and cough; Kalanchoe pinnata,

Phyllanthus reticulatus are used for treatment of dyspepsia; Nyctanthes arbor-tristis is used for

bone fracture; Ricinus communis is used against constipation; Strychnos potatorum, Annona

squamosa, Cayratia auriculata and Madhuca indica are used for wound healing; Vitex negundo is

used for treatment of rheumatism. Unfortunately, due to overexploitation and other

anthropogenic activities the phytodiversity is declining in the study area. Hence, there is an

urgent need to conserve these valuable medicinal plant resources of the district for the use by the

future generation.

Keywords: Dhenkanal, Medicinal plants, Odisha, Traditional knowledge, Veterinary practices.



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USE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS BY ‘SAVARA’ TRIBE IN

JAJPUR DISTRICT OF ODISHA, INDIA 1Daitari Sahoo, 2Charan Sebak Satpathy & 3Kunja Bihari Satapathy

1Post Graduate Department of Anthropology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar-751004, Odisha 2Department of Botany, B.B. Mahavidyalaya, Chandikhole, Jajpur, Odisha

3Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and

Management, Odisha


ABSTRACT

Many plants used in systems of “Primitive medicine” are now recognized to have specific

beneficial pharmacological effects. Indeed much of the basic armamentarium of pharmacology

today has been built up by investigating the properties of traditional herbal remedies. The history

of evolution of medicine is a long story stretching from prehistoric to modern times. The

elements of primitive medicine are still practiced in many societies, both in less developed and

advanced regions, in one form or the other. The term ‘ethnomedicine’ is used to refer to those

beliefs and practices relating to disease which are the products of indigenous cultural

development and are not explicitly derived from the conceptual framework of modern medicine.

All the tribal communities have a rich knowledge of ethnomedicine and depend upon it for their

healthcare, which is found in the neighbouring forests around their habitat. The present study is

based on the ‘Savara’ tribe of Jajpur district of Odisha with reference to the use of plants in

common human ailments and primary healthcare practices. These tribal people totally depend

upon the forest resources and possess a good amount of knowledge about medicinal use of the

plants. They have faith in indigenous herbs found in the forest around their habitat. They have

their own methods and techniques of health practices. This practice is guided by the experience

and the knowledge of these medicines is handed down from generation to generation. The

‘Savara’ of Jajpur district used various types of plants, applying different methods for their

treatment. They used different parts of the plant to prepare medicine for different diseases. The

present paper attempts to present the ethos of herbal medicines among the ‘Savara’ tribe. Forty-

four native medicinal plant species were identified, which are being used by the ‘Savara’ tribe of

Jajpur district for the prevention of common diseases. Various types of plants and their parts

used along with the mode of application will be discussed during the seminar.



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PHARMACOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF SOME SELECTED

MEDICINAL PLANTS FROM NORTH-EAST INDIA

Yengkhom Disco Singh1, Mayanglambam Chandra Kumar Singh2 & Kunja Biharai

Satapathy3

1Department of Post Harvest Technology, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central

Agricultural University, Pasighat-791102, Arunachal Pradesh 2Department of Basic Science and Humanities, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central

Agricultural University, Pasighat-791102, Arunachal Pradesh 3Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and

Management, Odisha


ABSTRACT

Northeast India is one of the richest biodiversity hotspot of India. The region harbours more than

40% of India’s endemic species and contributed 50% of India’s total plant diversity. The region

has many flora and fauna with unique characters and adaptability. Many medicinal plants species

have been remained unexplored in the region. Some of the important medicinal plants which can

be highly important are Aconitum ferox (Indian Aconite), Aconitum heterophyllum (Indian

Atees), Swertia chiryata (Chirayita), Coptis teeta (Mishmi teeta/Gold thread), Podophyllum

hexandrum (May Apple), Illicium griffithii (Star Anise), Berginia ciliata (Winter Begonia), Paris

polyphylla (Himalayan Paris), Homalomena aromatica (Scented Arum), Garcinia spp. (Sap tree),

Oroxylum indicum (Broken bones), Smilax glabra (Sarsa Parilla) etc. Plant derived products or

drugs are now gaining recognition and vast varieties of medicinal plants have been given in

traditional healthcare system. In medicinal plants, usually, presence of secondary metabolites

(pigments, alkaloids, terpenoids, essential oils, toxins, lectins etc.) plays an important role in

treating different types of diseases. These secondary metabolites are synthesized through the

pentose phosphate, shikimic and phenylpropanoid pathways. These compounds isolated from

medicinal plants play a significant defensive role against the bacteria, virus, fungi and other

microorganism.



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FEMALE GONADAL ANTICANCER ACTIVITIES OF NEEM:

AN OVERVIEW 1Subhadeep Ganguly & 2Kunja Bihari Satapathy

Department of Physiology, Vidyasagar College, 39 Sankar Ghosh Lane, Kolkata-700006

Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and

Management, Odisha, Bhubaneswar– 752050, India


ABSTRACT

This study is focused on the role of some as anticancer agents isolated from Neem in the field of

female gonadal cancers (such as cervical, ovarian, and breast neoplasia) which are the major

causes of mortality in the female population. Cervical neoplasia is very common among women

aged between 30 and 40 years and is considered the second leading cause of death for women

worldwide. Epidemiological studies revealed that it is strongly associated with human papilloma

virus (HPV) infection. Among other cancers, ovarian cancer represents about 4% of all women’s

cancers and breast neoplasia registers 52.8 new cases per 100,000 women annually. Neem is an

Indian medicinal plant, with more of 140 isolated compounds and at least 35 biologically active

principles that have shown anticancer activities. These compounds present in bark, leaves,

flowers, and seed oil have been shown to possess properties such as chemo-preventive capacity,

apoptotic activities, immunomodulatory effects, and induction of p53-independent apoptosis.

The present study is concerned with the review based on the anti-carcinogenic potential of neem

compounds in female gonadal cancers.

Keywords: Neem, female gonadal cancers, neoplasia, medicinal, anti-carcinogenic

LESS KNOWN PLANTS USED BY THE TRIBES OF

KEONJHAR DISTRICT OF ODISHA TO INDUCE LACTATION

IN NURSING MOTHER

Geeta Rath & Kunja Bihari Satapathy

Post Graduate Department of Botany, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar -751004,

Odisha

ABSTRACT


Page | 41

Medicinal plants are the local heritage with global importance. World is endowed with a rich

wealth of medicinal plants which have always been the principal form of medicine and presently

they are becoming popular throughout the developed world, as people strive to stay healthy in

the face of chronic stress and pollution. Tribes of Keonjhar district of Odisha depend basically on

different herbs for a wide range of ailments including mother and child health care. An

ethnobotanical survey was conducted to collect information about medicinal plants used as

galactogogue by the tribals of the district. This includes the indigenous knowledge of local

traditional healers and native plants used by the tribes for inducing lactation among nursing

mothers through questionnaire and personal interviews. A total of 55 informants within the age

group of 50 to 68 were interviewed, among them fifteen were tribal practitioners. The

investigation revealed that, the traditional healers and the inhabitants of the district use 46

species of plants distributed in 43 genera belonging to 28 families to induce lactation in nursing

mother. The study also revealed that fresh plant materials were invariably preferred for the

disease management. Breast feeding is a major source of nourishment for the tribal infants and it

is carried for a prolonged period. Lactation inducing remedies are commonly used by the nursing

mothers in order to meet the nutritional requirement of their children. Some of the lactation

inducing (galactogogue) plant species are found growing in their natural habitat while others are

domesticated. The present paper dealt with the ethnobotanical exploration, identification and

documentation of potential galactogogue plants used by the ethnic groups of Keonjhar district of

Odisha. It is pertinent that some of the frequently used potential plants (Alstonia scholaris,

Alternanthera sessilis, Asparagus racemosus, Carica papaya, Cryptolepis buchanannii, Curculigo

orchioides, Desmodium gangeticum, Euphorbia hirta, Ficus racemosa, Ipomoea digitata, Pueraria

tuberosa and Solena amplexicaulis) with galactogogue properties in the study area require further

investigation for chemical analysis and identification of bioactive molecules.

Keywords: Galactogogue plants, Lactation, Nursing mother, Traditional medicine, Keonjhar

tribes, Odisha

DISAPPEARING MEDICINAL PLANT DIVERSITY IN

MEDIUM AND LOWLAND RICE FIELDS OF COASTAL

ODISHA

Gouri Sankar JP Jena2 & Kunja Bihari Satapathy1 1Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and

Management, Odisha 2Department of Botany, S. G. College, Kanikapara, Jajpur, Odisha

ABSTRACT


Page | 42

Over the past few years, there has been a depletion of the lowland rice fields of Odisha at an

alarming rate because of fast urbanization, expansion of highways, industrialization coupled with

meteorological changes. Besides, some of the rice fields are being converted to upland for

cultivation of cash crops such as groundnut, vegetable or oil-yielding plants. This has caused a

tremendous pressure on the biodiversity of several marshy and aquatic plant species growing

before, during and after rice cultivation including those with potential pharmaceutical relevance.

An exhaustive survey of coastal Odisha over the past fifteen years has indicated a disappearing

trend among some medicinal plant flora concomitant with the gradual transformation of lowland

rice fields to medium or upland crop fields, residential plots / housing schemes, or industrial

complexes. This communication places on record an account of the key medicinal plant diversity

in lowland rice fields during different seasons and the degree of their dwindling frequency.

Medicinal plant population most affected (70-90 %) since 2005 include species such as Acorus

calamus (Fam: Araceae; epilepsy, anorexia, hoarseness of voice), Aeschynomene indica (Fam:

Fabaceae; swelling, leprosy), Bacopa monnieri (Fam: Scrophulariceae; epilepsy, polyuria),

Canscora decussata (Fam: Gentianaceae; forgetfulness, insanity), Centella asiatica (Fam:

Apiaceae; epilepsy, psychosis), Limnophila aromatica (Fam: Scrophulariaceae; antiseptic,

galactagogue ), Scirpus articulatus (Fam: Poaceae; vomiting), Scirpus grossus (Fam: Poaceae;

diarrhoea, boils), Trapa natan (Fam: Trapaceae; tonic, menorrhagia) and Vallisneria natans (Fam:

Hydrocharitaceae; stomachic, leucorrhoea). Those moderately affected (50-60 %) are :

Alternanthera sessilis (Fam: Amaranthaceae; fever, night blindness), Ammannia baccifera (Fam:

Lythraceae; ringworm and other parasitic skin infections), Heliotropium indicum (Fam:

Boraginaceae; boils, ulcers), Centipeda minima (Fam: Asteraceae; dysentery), Coldenia

procumbens (Fam: Boraginaceae; rheumatic swellings), Corchorus aestuans (Fam: Tiliaceae;

stomach disorders), Echinochloa frumentacea (Fam: Poaceae; diabetes, obesity ), Eclipta

prostrata (Fam: Asteraceae; hair falling), Euphorbia hirta (Fam: Euphorbiaceae; conjuctivitis,

warts), Hydrolea zeylanica (Fam: Hydrophyllaceae; antiseptic ), Hygrophylla auriculata (Fam:

Acanthaceae; urinary-calculi), Ludwigia perennis (Fam: Onagraceae; dropsy, swelling), Marsilea

minuta (Fam: Marsiliaceae; fever, insomnia), Polygonum plebeium (Fam: Polygonaceae; urinary

disorders), Sphaeranthus indicus (Fam: Asteraceae; jaundice, piles) and Utricularia stellaris

(Fam: Lentibulariaceae; cough). The essence of this study is to develop an awareness among the

rice growers of Odisha against conversion of their lowland rice fields, instead in favour of a

sustainable agronomic management of the selected medicinal plant species in order that these

will not only be well-protected in their own habitat but could also be co-cultivated as a source of

pharmaceutical products.


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EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME

SELECTED WOODY AND FLESHY MUSHROOMS

COLLECTED FROM KHURDA DISTRICT OF ODISHA, INDIA

Jibanjyoti Panda & Kunja Bihari Satapathy


Management, Odisha


ABSTRACT

An experiment of plate culture and agar cup well diffusion method was conducted for evaluating

the bioactive potential of 20 different types of naturally growing mushrooms collected from

different locations of Khurda district of Odisha, India. A plate culture and agar cup well

diffusion method was undertaken to evaluate the bioactive potential of 20 different types of

naturally growing mushrooms collected from natural habitats. These mushroom samples belong

to genus Clavaria, Coltricia, Coniophora, Daldinia, Fomitopsis, Geastrum, Grifola,

Langermannia, Lentinus, Lycoperdon, Microporous, Peniophora, Pisolithus, Polyporus,

Schizophyllum, Suillus, Trametes and Tricholoma. Solvent extracts were prepared by using

distilled water, methanol, ethyl alcohol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, acetone and chloroform. The

concentrated extracts were used and placed on the media plates by agar well method, inoculated

with bacteria and fungus separately and incubated for 24hr and 4 days, respectively. The

observation data recorded for formation of inhibition zone around the well confirmed the

antibacterial properties of Coniophora puteana, Grifola frondosa, Peniophora incarnata,

Schizophyllum commune and Trametes versicolor against all the gram negative test bacterial

strains whereas most of the fleshy mushrooms exhibited antimicrobial properties except

Lycoperdon pyriformi and Pisolithus arrhizus. Among tested mushroom species, no one found

with antifungal properties. From the experimental results of the efficacy of the selected

mushroom samples against B2 (gram -ve) bacteria it can be concluded that mushroom samples

used in the present investigation might have certain bioactive compounds. It is also evident that

the solvent system used in this process have the capability to extract antimicrobial compound in

it.



Page | 44

EXPLORATION, DISTRIBUTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF

MUSHROOM SPECIES IN KHURDA DISTRICT OF ODISHA,

INDIA

Jibanjyoti Panda & Kunja Bihari Satapathy


Management, Odisha


ABSTRACT

The objective of the present investigation was to study the mushroom diversity in Khurda district

of Odisha, India with special reference to their distribution and economic value. Field survey was

conducted at regular intervals in Khurda district of Odisha, India, from the month of June to

October, 2018 and mushroom samples were collected from 12 different sites of varied ecological

habitat. Plant materials collected were taxonomically studied for proper identification with the

help of available literature. A total number of 108 mushroom samples were collected during the

present investigation, of which 92 were morphologically identified and 16 specimens remained

as unidentified. All the mushroom specimens were categorised under 34 families belonging to 60

genera. Among the families Agaricaceae and Polyporaceae were found dominant represented by

14 species by each. Clavaria vermicularis, Marasmius haematocephalus, Phellinus gilvus were

reported with frequent occurrence and with widely distributed. As regards to the economic use of

the collected mushroom samples 32 were found edible, 56 non-edible species and 20 species

reported having medicinal properties. Among various sites surveyed during the study Chandaka

forest area and RPRC campus were the two places which recorded high species richness which

may be due to more green vegetation in the site. Mushroom diversity seems to be higher in moist

forest as compared to other and it affected significantly by environmental factor like light,

temperature, humidity etc. It can be concluded that the warm and humid climate during the most

part of the year favours the distribution of mushrooms which should be exploited further for their

nutraceuticals and medicinal properties.



Page | 45

PLANT RESOURCES USED IN HEALTHCARE OF TRIBAL

WOMEN AND CHILDREN OF SUNDERGARH DISTRICT IN

ODISHA, INDIA

Kunja Bihari Satapathy & Pradeep Kumar Chand

Post-Graduate Department of Botany, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar-751004,

Odisha


ABSTRACT

The district Sundergarh extending over an area of 9812.47 sq. km. is located in the northwest

part of Odisha, between 21° 35' – 22° 42' N latitudes and 83° 31' – 85° 22' E longitudes. It is

bounded on the north by Ranchi district of Jharkhand, on the west and northwest by Raigarh

district of Chhatisgarh, on the south and southeast by Sambalpur and Dhenkanal district of

Odisha respectively and on the east by Singbhum district of Jharkhand and Keonjhar district of

Odisha. Geographically, the district is an undulating tableland of different elevations broken up

by rugged hill ranges and cut off by torrential hill streams and the rivers Ib and Brahmani. As

regards the tribal population, Sundergarh district ranks second in the state preceded by

Mayurbhanj district. Of the notified 62 tribes in Odisha, as many as 40 tribes are found in the

district alone. Ethnobotanical studies in Sundergarh district of Odisha resulted in the recording of

many curative uses of plants. The present communication deals with ethnobotanical noting on 55

plant species used in traditional medicines by the tribes inhabiting Bisra, Bonai, Kuaramunda,

Lathikata, Rajgangpur, Rourkela, Sundargarh and Tangarapali blocks in Sundargarh district of

Odisha. Special attention was given to plants used in the well-being of tribal women and children

in the remote areas of the district. Though more than 400 ethnobotanical notings were made in

the field, only 55 interesting ones distributed over 36 Angiosperm families are considered here

because of their unique therapeutic uses related to diseases of women and children.

Keywords: Medicinal plants, Tribal women, Tribal children, Sundargarh, Odisha.



Page | 46

THREATENED MEDICINAL PLANT DIVERSITY IN SUKINDA

VALLEY OF JAJPUR DISTRICT OF ODISHA (INDIA):

UTILIZATION AND CONSERVATION

Kunja Bihari Satapathy


Management, Odisha


ABSTRACT

Jajpur, an interior district of Odisha, lies between 2035-2110 N latitudes and 8540-8640 E

longitudes. It is surrounded on the north by Balasore and Keonjhar districts, on the south by

Cuttack and Kendrapara districts, on the west by Dhenkanal district and on the east by

Kendrapara district. Jajpur consists of two distinct tracts – a hilly region on the west and a fertile

plain on the east. The present paper resulted from field studies carried out by the author in Jajpur

district of Odisha for past 20 years (1990-2010). Out of over 1000 species of flowering plants

and ferns recorded from the district about 530 species are of medicinal value. Twenty species of

commonly important medicinal plants have a good potential for commercial exploitation. An

account of forty medicinal plant species, which are fast depleting in the area have been

presented, which draws immediate attention for their conservation and protection. Some of the

medicinal plants besides many others, facing threat are Asparagus racemosus, Bacopa monnieri,

Celastrus paniculatus, Centella asiatica, Cissampelos pareira, Crataeva magna, Cycas circinalis,

Denrophthoe falcata, Desmodium gangeticum, Eclipta prostrata, Embelia ribes, Gardenia

gummifera, Gloriosa superba, Hedychium coronarium, Hemidesmus indicus, Litsea glutinosa,

Operculina turpethum, Oroxylum indicum, Sphaeranthus indicus, Paederia foetida, Piper

longum, Pterocarpus marsupium, Pueraria tuberosa, Plumbago indica, Rauvolfia serpentina,

Saraca asoca, Scindapsus officinalis, Strychnos nux-vomica, Strychnos potatorum, Uraria picta,

Vanda tesselata, Woodfordia fruticosa etc, which are widely used in the Ayurvedic system of

medicine as well as folklores. This paper also examines possible causes of threat to these species

and offer suggestions for their proper utilization and conservation.



Page | 47

MEDICO-BOTANY OF PLANTS USED IN RITUALS OF

JAJPUR DISTRICT OF ODISHA

Prasanna Kumar Mishra1, Kunja Bihari Satapathy1 & Gouri Sankar JP Jena2 1Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and

Management, Odisha 2Department of Botany, S. G. College, Kanikapara, Jajpur, Odisha


ABSTRACT

Plants have been associated with the life and culture of mankind since the beginning of the

human civilization. India is exceptionally rich in rituals owing to its great diversity in religious

cultures and traditions. Plants are considered as important components of these traditional rituals

which are used for some definite purposes. A survey was conducted on some Hindu temples of

Jajpur district of Odisha to explore the plants used in daily and festive rituals. The observations

indicate that the present-day residents of Jajpur district of Odisha have been maintaining the age-

old practice of offering of plants to the deities in form of fruits, flowers and leaves as well as

specific floral objects during festivals and family rituals. The present communication attempts to

document and enumerate the medico-botanical relevance of plants used in present-day religious

rites by the people of Jajpur district of Odisha. During the survey 88 angiospermic species

belonging to 74 genera and 43 families have been collected, critically studied and identified.

Ailments covered in this paper include anorexia, bronchitis, cold, colic pain, conjunctivitis,

constipation, diabetes, diarrhoea, dysentery, dysuria, epilepsy, foot and mouth disease,

galactorrhoea, menstrual disorder, piles, pyorrhoea, scabies, small pox, throat infection etc.

The worship of plants, offering of fruits, flowers, leaves etc. to the house-hold & temple deities,

routine use of certain floristic objects at festivals and rituals show how close the religious people

have been to the protection of plants.Interestingly, majority of these plants naturally possess

curative properties. Thus, indexing such plants with correct botanical names, important

synonyms, local names and their local uses in an inventory is imperative. Besides, in order to

save these selected medico-important plants against wanton destruction due to over-exploitation,

domestication via propagation and maintenance at the premises of the temples as well as in and

around the courtyard of the private dwelling places, village schools and youth clubs aimed at

conserving them as a renewable resource in a sustainable manner.

Keywords: Ritual-plants, Worship-plants, Plant motifs in temples, Jajpur.



Page | 48

ETHNOBOTANICALLY IMPORTANT LICHENS OF

KALAHANDI DISTRICT ODISHA, INDIA

Ramakanta Mishra, Pradeep Kumar Chand & Kunja Bihari Satapathy

Post Graduate Department of Botany, Utkal University, Vani Vihar

Bhubaneswar -751004, Odisha

E.mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Lichens, the nonvascular cryptogams and an excellent example of symbiotic association, have a

composite thallus comprising of two components, mycobiont and phycobiont. This symbiotic

association in lichens is not just a random mixture of any fungal and algal species, but it is the

manifestation of an extremely selective process that has evolved through ages and has developed

in many directions. These along with mosses form dominant organism in ecosystem covering

over 10 % of the earth's terrestrial habitat. Ethnobotanical aspect of cryptogamic group such as

algae, fungi, lichen, and bryophyte has not yet received adequate attention throughout the world.

The lichens are utilized for different purposes depending on their nutritive, medicinal,

decorative, dyeing, cosmetic and perfumery properties. Kalahandi, a tribal rich district of Odisha,

occupying a geographical area of 7920 sq. km. lies in between 19˚ 175 ״ 489 ׳ North latitude and

East longitude. The present study revealed the occurrence of 126 species of lichens״ 767 ׳ 617 ˚82

from 5 different localities; out of which 25 species are recorded for the first time from the state.

Among the different growth forms, the crustose lichens exhibited the maximum diversity with

103 species followed by 12 species of foliose, 7 squamulose and 4 species of leprose form.

Several tribal people were interacted to record the use of lichen in household item. It was found

that 6 lichen species belongs to 2 genera and 2 families (Physciaceae and Parmeliaceae) have

potential medicinal as well as commercial value. Some ethnobotanically important lichen species

of the area under study are Heterodermia diademata (Taylor) D.D. Awasthi (thalli applied on

cuts for protecting from infection), Parmotrema tinctorum (Despr. ex Nyl.) Hale (as spice and

flavouring agent for meat and vegetables), Parmotrema reticulatum (Taylor) M.Choisy (use as

spice), Parmotrema praesorediosum (Nyl.) Hale (use for wound healing), Parmotrema

austrosinense (Zahlbr.) Hale (as spice) and Parmotrema hababianum (Gyeln.) Hale (as flavouring

agent).

Keywords: Cryptogams, Ethnobotany, Kalahandi, Lichen, Odisha.


https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/241634







Page | 49

SOME TRADITIONAL FOOD AND FOOD-DRINK PLANTS

AMONG TRIBES OF KANDHAMAL DISTRICT OF ODISHA 1Rebati Kanta Mishra & 2Kunja Bihari Satapathy

1State Pollution Control Board, Odisha, Bhubaneswar (India) 2School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology & Management,

Bhubaneswar, Odisha (India)


ABSTRACT

Kandhamal is one of the tribal populated districts of Odisha in eastern India occupying an area of

8021 sq. km, lying between 19 34- 20 34 N latitudes and between 83 30- 84 35 E

longitudes. The district has a large tribal population, constituting above 40% of total population

of the district. Of the 62 notified tribes of Odisha, as many as 29 tribes live in this area. Kandha

and Kutia-kandha are the main tribes of this area, in addition to other tribes and atribal

population. Ethnobotanical studies carried out on Kandha and Kutia-Kandha tribes of

Kandhamal district of Odisha are presented in this paper. These tribes face shortage of food

materials due to very limited area under ‘Podu cultivation’ or ‘Shifting cultivation’ and extreme

environmental conditions prevailing in the district. The survey has resulted in bringing out a

document on folk uses of eleven wild food plant species as life-supporting ones during scarcity

of food. Besides, the traditional and popular health-drinks prepared from flowers of ‘Mahula’

(Madhuca longifolia), stem juice of ‘Salapa’ (Caryota urens) and rhizomes of ‘Chhota Khajuri’

(Phoenix acaulis) are consumed regularly as a part of their diet. The role of certain plants in

providing nutrition is also described. The present study records 52 wild growing plants which are

eaten whole or in part by the tribes of Kandhamal. The nutrient composition of two important

plants namely Bauhinia purpurea and Cassia tora with respect to carbohydrate, protein, fat,

vitamins, amino acids and minerals indicates their role in providing nourishment to the tribal

community at the time of food shortage. The produce of 8 species, viz. Cordia dichotoma,

Phyllanthus emblica, Morchella esculenta, Shorea robusta, Madhuca indica, Curcuma

angustifolia, Dioscorea pentaphylla and Pueraria tuberosa are marketed commercially. The study

of wild edible plants is important not only to identify the potential sources which could be

utilized as alternative food or in times of scarcity but also to select promising types for

domestication. The study indicated that as many as fifty-two wild edible plants species in the

district are used by the Kandha and Kutia-kandha tribal community of this region, of which

about eleven are identified to hold a considerable promise to be exploited as life-supporting food

and food-drink during scarcity.

Keywords : Emergency food, Health-drink, Kandha, Kandhamal, Kutia-kandha, Odisha.



Page | 50

LICHENS OF ODISHA AND THEIR MEDICINAL USES

Sandeep Kumar Nayak1, Kunja Bihari Satapathy3& Dalip Kumar Upreti2 1Post Graduate Department of Botany, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

2Lichenology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India. 3Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology &

Management, Odisha, India.


ABSTRACT

India is one of the mega-diversity countries in the world and represents 2303 species of lichen.

Odisha, an underexplored state in terms of lichen flora reported to harbour 252 species. Lichens

have been used in traditional medicine since the time of the first Chinese and Egyptian

civilizations and in India, the use of lichens in medicine can be traced back to ancient times. A

number of Sanskrit synonyms of lichens namely ‘Shailaya’ and ‘Shilapushp’ have been

described in Sushruta Samhita (1000 BC), Charaka Samhita (300-200 BC) and several Nighantu

(1100-1800 AD). A study was conducted on medicinal lichens of Odisha and the outcome

revealed that 10 species such as Dermatocarpon miniatum (L.) Mann. (anti‐oxidant and

antimicrobial), Graphis nakanishiana Patw. & Kaul. (superoxide scavenging capacity), Graphis

scripta (L.) Ach. (antiviral), Heterodermia diademata (Taylor) D.D. Awasthi (cuts and wound

healing potency), Parmotrema austrosinense (Zahlbr.) Hale (beta-glucosidase inhibitor activity),

Parmotrema praesorediosum (Nyl.) Hale (antibacterial and antifungal), Parmotrema reticulata

(Taylor) M. Choisy (kidney disorder and venereal diseases), Parmotrema tinctorum (Nyl.) Hale

(anticancer and antioxidant), Phaeographina caesiopruinosa (Fée) Müll. Arg. (antioxidant),

Roccella montagnei Bel. em. D.D. Awasthi (anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal),

were found to have medicinal properties and were used in herbal drug preparations.

Keywords: Lichen, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Odisha

PLANTS FOUND IN BHUBANESWAR AND ITS ADJOINING

AREA USED IN HOMOEOPATHIC SYSTEM MEDICINE

Sanghati Panda & Kunja Bihari Satapathy


Management, Odisha, Bhubaneswar


ABSTRACT

Hahnemann proposed the homeopathic system of medicine in reaction to the traditional western

medicine at that time, which often was brutal and more harmful than helpful. He thought that by



Page | 51

using drugs to induce symptoms, the artificial symptoms would stimulate the vital force, causing

it to neutralise and expel the original disease. An intensive floristic study on the Homoeopathic

drug plants of Bhubaneswar and its adjoining area revealed that a total of 61 species belonging to

58 genera under 38 families are present in the area. The habit-wise groupings of the plant species

shows 46 % are herbs, 20 % shrubs, 19 % trees and only 10% are climber. Among the families of

plant species present, Apocynaceae and Solanaceae each with 6 species and are the dominant

families followed by Asclepiadaceae (5), Asteraceae (5), Oleaceae (5), Acanthaceae (3),

Cucurbitaceae (3), Euphorbiaceae (3), Liliaceae (3), Lamiaceae (3) and Poaceae (3). The

investigation also revealed that Acalypha indica, Aegle marmelos, Azadirachta indica etc. widely

used in Homeopathy are available abundantly in the study area while Rauvolfia serpentina and

Saraca asoca are found threatened in their natural habitat. Andrographis paniculata, Nerium

oleander, Acorus calamus etc. are in a threat due to their wide use. Hence, care should be taken

for their preservation and propagation.

Keywords: Bhubaneswar, Homeopathy, Medicinal plants

MEDICO-BOTANY OF PLANTS USED IN RITUALS

IN COASTAL DISTRICTS OF ODISHA

Sarat Kumar Sahu1, Pradeep Kumar Chand2 & Kunja Bihari Satapath2 1Department of Botany, S. G. College, Kanikapada, Jajpur - 755037, Odisha

2Post-Graduate Department of Botany, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar - 751004


ABSTRACT

The plant-religion nexus has its origin in the pre-historic times. The intimate association of

people with plants over the years through rituals has been a very effective means of plant

protection and conservation. The tree-worship in India is one of the earliest forms of religious

cult. Many communities worship trees as symbols of deities. Traditional rituals are being

performed by offering appropriate plant materials to the deities right from the ceremony of birth

till mourning for death. This custom has been observed in tribal communities too. A survey was

conducted on Hindu communities of coastal district of Odisha to explore the plants used in

family rituals. Local knowledgeable people, ‘Vedic Brahmins’ and temple priests were

interviewed to collect information concerning the plants or plant parts used in rituals carried out

in house-hold or in temples on daily basis or during festive seasons. The observations indicate

that the present-day residents of coastal Odisha have been maintaining the age-old practice of

offering of plants to the deities in form of fruits, flowers, leaves etc., as well as specific floral

objects during family rituals. The rituals observed in the state of Odisha could be broadly



Page | 52

categorized in relation to (i) divine deities (Gods and Goddesses) and family deities (forefathers).

Out of a large number of plants or plant parts used in performing various rituals, some are

required for religious rites (marriage ceremony, sacred thread ceremony, birth ceremony etc.)

while others being associated with festive and funeral rituals. It is fascinating to note that several

or all of these offerings possess therapeutic value. From the present survey of the plant materials

used in the various religious rites of the coastal Odisha, it is explicit that the inhabitants of these

districts have been meaningfully utilizing plant resources in their day-to-day life.

Keywords: Coastal Odisha, family rituals, medico-botany

INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE AND CONSERVATION OF

PLANT RESOURCES BY TRIBAL COMMUNITIES OF

KORAPUT DISTRICT, ODISHA (INDIA)

Sidhanta Sekhar Bisoi*, M.K. Satapathy & Sanjeeb Kumar Das

Department of Botany, Regional Institute of Education (NCERT), Sachivalaya Marg,

Bhubaneswar-754022


ABSTRACT

Tribes occupy a significant position in Indian population. Their regular association with the

biophysical environment has made them to have a wide knowledge and understanding of the

intricacies of natural resources. So, they are considered as the store houses of hidden knowledge.

They depend on agricultural forest resources for their livelihood and they sustain with their rich

and varied traditional ecological knowledge, known as Indigenous knowledge, that have always

been the principle(s) behind sustainable development and conservation of natural resources.

Ethnic and indigenous people’s conservation of plants serve as a source of wild food in the form

of roots, tubers, rhizomes, seeds, fruits as well as medicinal plants. Besides these, plants are also

conserved in sacred groves as in situ conservation of biodiversity as well as for ecological

restoration.

The present study deals with the systematic and scientific analysis of indigenous

knowledge and conservation of plants resources among tribal communities of Koraput district. A

total of 76 plant species distributed in 65 genera belonging to 52 different families has been

recorded.Some of the major ethno-medicinal plants areArgemone mexicana, Achyranthes aspera,

Leucas aspera,Martynia annua, Pongamia pinnata etc. Plant species numbering 54 has been

recorded as food resources by the tribal people of the area studied. The plant species studied

include 25 trees, 20 herbs, 3 shrubs, 6 climbers/creepers. Leaf, fruit, tuber and shoots are

commonly used as sources of food. Bauhinia purpurea, Emilia sonchifolia, Hibiscus sabdariffa,


Page | 53

Dioscorea sp., Coccinia grandis, Ficus hispida etc. are usually consumed by the tribals with their

traditional preparations. The plants associated with the socio-cultural life of tribals, such as with

their Deity, for making fire, preparation of drinks, prediction of rainfall, furenal purpose,

different cultural functions etc. were also studied. Further, the present study also documented six

sacred groves of Koraput district and revealed that 138 plant species are being conserved and

those are distributed in 108 genera belonging to 83 different families. The indigenous

knowledge/belief associated with the groves and benefits reaped from the groves have also been

studied. The study in the long run shall be useful for plant biodiversity conservation and

Indigenous knowledge that are getting eroded over time. Interestingly this traditional knowledge

may complement/supplement the scientific basis of conservation in coming future.

Keywords: Indigenous Knowledge, Tribal communities, Plant Resources, Sacred Groves,

Conservation

MEDICINAL PLANTS USED AGAINST DIABETES BY THE

TRIBES OF GAJAPATI DISTRICT OF ODISHA

Somani Jethi1, Sagar Kumar Mishra2 & Kunja Bihari Satapathy1 1Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and

Management, Odisha 2 UDPS, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha

E mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The importance of the use of herbal medicines has drawn the attention of the scientists all over

the world. The ancient medical knowledge of various tribes and folklore systems of medicine

sometimes referred as ‘ethno-therapeutics’ has therefore provided a powerful and more effective

strategy for the discovery of clinically useful compounds. In recent years several scientific

symposia are being held around the globe emphasizing the role of folk-medicines in the primary

healthcare program for the treatment of human diseases especially diabetes, asthma, stomach

disorder and rheumatism prevalent among the rural mass. The present paper reports the herbal

practices employed by the tribal and atribal in Gajapati district of Odisha as a prophylactic and

preventive measure for the treatment of ‘Diabetes’ in particular. The study reveals sixty one

potential plant species belonging to fifty eight genera and thirty six families, used as folk-

remedies against diabetes in the area under study. Information on the plants and their uses

described here are collected by the authors during the course of ethnobotanical investigations in

different places of Gajapati district. Some of the widely used but lesser known potential anti-

diabetic drug plants of the area under study are: Abroma augusta, Andrographis

paniculata,Azadirachta indica,Catharanthus roseus, Caesalpinia bonduc, Clerodendrum



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philippinum,Gymnema sylvestre, Hybanthus enneaspermus, Macro tyloma uniflorum,

Murraya koenigii, Paspalum scrobiculatum, Phyllanthus fraternus, Pterocarpus

marsupium,Scirpus grossus, Sphaeranthus indicus, Triumfetta rhomboidea, Woodfordia

frut icosa etc.

Keywords: Diabetes, folk-remedies, Odisha

PENTYLCURCUMENE: A NEW CLASS OF

CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR FROM GEOPHILA REPENS

TOWARDS THE TREATMENT OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

Umesh Chandra Dasha, SatishKanhara, Sandeep Kumar Swaina, Jagnehswar Dandapatb &

Atish Kumar Sahooa* aPhytotherapy Research Lab., Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Regional Plant Resource

Centre, Forest & Environment Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar-751015,

India. bDepartment of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar-751004, India

E-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Geophilarepens (L.) I.M. Johnst (Rubiaceae) is a medicinal plant commonly found in China,

south and Southeast Asia. It is used for its ethnobotanical claim as memory enhancer in

traditional medicine.The study aims to the isolation, identification and quantification of

Pentylcurcumene in G. repens for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is the first

report in G.repens.The isolated compound Pentylcurcumene (PC) in G. repens towards AChE

and BChE inhibitory activities were evaluated with the Ellman's method. The isolated terpene

PC was identified by means of spectroscopic data and quantified by high performance thin layer

chromatography (HPTLC). Additionally, cellular antioxidant (CAP-e and ORAC) and in silico

approach were carried out to fortify our investigations. The chemical structure was elucidated by

spectroscopic methods as “Pentylcurcumene” and quantified by HPTLC. Pentylcurcumene

demonstrated anticholinesterase activities by the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and

butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) with IC50 72.12 ± 0.66 and 99.65 ± 0.96 μg/ml, respectively; where

galanthamine was considered as reference drug. In cellular antioxidant studies i.e. oxygen-

radical-absorbance-capacity (ORAC) and cell-based-antioxidant-protection-in-erythrocytes

(CAP-e) assays, Pentylcurcumene showed remarkable degree of antioxidant activities in a dose

dependent manner. To better understand enzyme kinetics (mode of inhibition) of

Pentylcurcumene was performed and found that Pentylcurcumene showed the highest affinity

with competitive inhibition (reversible) towards both AChE (Vmax 0.8) and BChE (Vmax 0.6). The



Page | 55

molecular docking approach was carried out to get insight into the binding interactions of the

ligands (Pentylcurcumene) and enzymes (protein). The docking scores exhibited the ligand

binding at active sites of AChE (human/rat) and BChE (human/homology) effectively.The

significant results of cholinesterase inhibition and molecular docking approach suggest that

Pentylcurcumene in G. repens may have the possibility of being used as a therapeutic agent in

AD and it may represent new structural templates for the design of other effective lead

compounds against AD.

Keywords: Pentylcurcumene; Geophila repens; HPTLC; ORAC; CAP-e; Alzheimer’s disease

FECUNDITY OF INBRED FRUITFLY DROSOPHILA

MELANOGASTER ON DIFFERENT SOLID CULTURE MEDIA:

AN ANALYSIS

Priyamvada

Corresponding: E-mail: [email protected]

PGT Biology, DM School Bhubaneswar, Regional institute of Education (NCERT),

Bhubaneswar- 751022 (Odisha)

ABSTRACT

In the present study , wild-type Drosophila melanogaster collected from stock culture were sub-

cultured in three different types of solid culture media( corn, barley, and wheat) and control

medium for two weeks to produce F1 generation. The duration of larval and pupal development,

number of pupal cases and hatched flies were scored for first generation. The results were

analyzed by using one-way ANOVA, Bonferroni multiple comparison test and paired sample-

test. The control medium showed no pupal cases and hatched flies. Among all the three solid

culture media tested, corn meal, barley meal and wheat meal, the latter showed highly significant

results at p≤0.001than others. However this parameter was not affected by carbohydrates amount

in media. The present investigation is an attempt to evaluate the influence of different formulated

solid culture media on the life span and reproduction of fruit flies.

Keywords: ANOVA, Drosophila melanogaster, Fecundity, Pupa, Solid culture media


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VEGETATION OF PHOOMDI IN RELATION TO THE

ENDANGERED BROW ANTLERED DEER, SANGAI,

MANIPUR, INDIA 1Rajkumari Supriya Devi, 2K. B. Satapathy & 1Sanjeet Kumar


2. Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology

and Management, Odisha, India


ABSTRACT

Phoomdi, a floating mass of vegetation, forming a floating island, is found in Loktak Lake,

Manipur, India. This island is formed by the decomposition of the vegetation in different levels

over the lake. It is also a habitat for the endemic and endangered brow antlered deer, Sangai

(Rucervus eldii eldii). The vegetation of phoomdi plays a significant role for the survival of

Sangai apart from its importance in terms of food, fodder, medicine, fuel, fishing, building

houses, etc. To understand the ecology of Sangai, a case study has been done to enumerate the

plant species that are particularly used by Sangai, and examine the phytochemicals present.

Results revealed that Polygonum and Phragmites species are the major components of Phoomdi

and associate species of food of Sangai. This could correlate and enhance the survival and

conservation strategies of the said species.

VALIDATION OF TRIBAL CLAIMS ON MEDICINAL

PROPERTIES OF ORCHIDS IN NORTH-EAST INDIA 1Rajkumari Supriya Devi, 2K. B. Satapathy & 1Sanjeet Kumar


2. Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology

and Management, Odisha, India


ABSTRACT

Orchids apart from its beauty and fragrance commonly used as ornamentals. Also they have been

used as local medicine for various ailments. Orchids as medicine are less known to common

man. In India, they are distributed in North Eastern region, Eastern Himalayas, Western

Himalayas and Western Ghats. The density and distribution in North Eastern region is very high

many are still yet to be discovered. Considering the richness & diversity. A survey has made to

document their distribution and tribal claims on them from 2018 to till date. Phytochemical test




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of some selected orchids was done to validate their tribal claims on its medicinal values. The

results revealed that they have various secondary metabolites like saponin & phenolic

compounds. This study would help to aware people of its medicinal values, conserve in the wild.

CONSERVATION OF THREATENED MEDICINAL PLANTS

UNDER CLIMATIC CHANGE USING SPECIES DISTRIBUTION

MODEL: CASE OF SARACA ASOCA (ROXB.) WILD.

Sudam C. Sahu

Department of Botany, North Orissa University, Baripada, Odisha


ABSTRACT

In this Anthropocene era, understanding the impacts of climate change on the distribution of

various species-habitat associations is becoming increasingly important. Species distribution

models (SDM’s) have been widely used over the last decade to study such relations. In this

study, we illustrate the impact of climate change on distribution of Saraca asoca, an important

and a threatened medicinal plant. Rapid urbanization and unsustainable harvesting over the last

few decades has resulted in sparse distribution. In this study, we modeled past, present and future

distribution of S. asoca with MaxEnt to understand the impact of climate change on the

distribution, range dynamics and identified distributional climatic shifts. The results showed that

a significant habitat loss of S. asoca when compared between past to present from 2, 98,308.98

km2 (Last Interglacial). However, there is a significant gain in suitable habitat between present

and future ranging from 1, 67,382.32 Km2 (RCP 2.6) to 2, 75,803.69 Km2 (RCP 8.5). In future,

the suitable habitat range has expanded from 2, 73,240.27 Km2 to 3, 69,373.12 Km2, where

cultivation of S.asoca could be taken up thus enabling effectively management of the natural

habitat and population of S. asoca. Our niche dynamics studies indicate that S. asoca showed a

shift in distribution of suitable habitat to higher elevation to colder climatic conditions that would

become significant for cultivation of the species.

Keywords: Maximum Entropy;Saraca asoca, Ecological Niche Models; Distributional changes;

Niche Overlap; Conservation; Cultivation.



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ETHNOMEDICINAL SURVEY AND ANTIMICROBIAL

ACTIVITY OF THREE SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANTS IN

NORTHERN MAYURBHANJ, ODISHA

*Manas R. Mohanta1, Dhiren Bhoi1, K. Tayung2 & Sudam C. Sahu1

1. Department of Botany, North Orissa University, Baripada, Odisha

2. Department of Botany,Gouhati University, Assam

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

In the present investigation, we had done extensive survey on ethnomedicinal practices of tribal

from northern part of Mayurbhanj district of Odisha and also evaluated antimicrobial activity of

three selected plant species. The complete survey was based on collecting information from 20

different traditional healers of different locality through preselected questionnaires. In the

process eight plant species were reported in all cases of data collection (100 % frequency).

Among these, three plant species were selected based on their availability of leaf biomass for the

evaluation of their antimicrobial potential. The selected plants were Justiciaadhatoda,

Ricinuscuminis and Jatropagossypifolia. These three plants are extensively used for treatment of

fever, stomach pain, eye infection, snake bite etc. The test pathogens used for the study were two

bacterial pathogens (Klebsiellapneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus) and two fungal pathogens

(Candida albicans, Candidatropicalis). Methanol and ethanol extract of J. adhatoda showed

activity against all the test pathogens but activity was limited to K. Pnemoniae in case of Hexane

extract. J. gossypifolia performed activity against all pathogens except C. tropicalis in Methanol

and Ethanol extract. Again hexane extract of J. gossypifolia showed activity only against K.

Pnemoniae. The activity of R. cumminis against test pathogens was poor compared to other.

Methanol extract R. cummminis was active against K. Pnemoniae and C. albicans only, Hexane

extract was active against C. albicans and C. tropicalis and the Ethanol extract was active only

against K. Pnemoniae. This study may help future research and development of suitable

alternative for present day antibiotics.

Keywords: Ethnomedicinal plants, Traditional healers, Antimicrobial activity, Northern

Mayurbhanj

mailto:*Corresponding%20author:%[email protected]


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CINNAMOMUM TAMALA NEES: A HIGH MEDICINAL

VALUED PLANT SPICES

Y.Chandrakala1, DK Sethi2 & Sanjeet Kumar2

1. Jayoti Vidyapeeth Women’s University, Jaipur, India

2. Biodiversity & Conservation Lab., Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Bhubaneswar,

Odisha, India


ABSTRACT

Cinnamomum tamala known as tejpat or bay leaves, is a gifted medicinal plant species , found

in sub tropical evergreen forests of the Himalayan region, leaves are commonly used as spice all

over the world since ancient time and used in ayurvedic formulation. Leaves and bark have

aromatic stimulant and carminative qualities and used in rheumatism, colic, diarrhea, nausea and

vomiting. The essential oil from leaves called tejpata oil is used as medicinal used in

carminative, anti-flatulent, diuretic, and in cardic disorder, used in pharmaceutical preparation

because of hyperglycemic, stimulant and carminative properties, due to high medicinal value and

an important spices the demand of C.tamala is increasing day by day. Therefore need of the

conservation of C. tamala in natural habitat.

Keywords: Cinnamomum tamala, pharmaceutical, essential oil

MEDICINAL FISH SPECIES OF ODISHA, INDIA

Arpita Kumari

Department of Zoology, Rama Devi Women’s University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India


ABSTRACT

Odisha is one of the most important maritime state in India where water resources are blessed

with diverse fish fauna. Fish are often an important ingredient in the diet of local people. Fish is

important source of vital nutrients like proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals. Fish play a major

role in preventing and curing disease too like asthma, mental illness, eye disease, low birth

weight nutrient deficiencies etc. It is important to include fish in our daily diet to maintain a

healthy life. Fish is considered a cheap source of protein and can be consumed to combat the

protein-calorie malnutrition. There are fish species with established therapeutic value like

Channastriatus which is commonly used for wound healing as well as reduce postoperative pain,

anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antinociceptive, and anticancer properties. The fishes like

Clarias batrachus, Anabas tesdineus, Heteropneustes fossils also has anti inflammentory and

antimicrobial properties.




Page | 60

Keywords: Local fish species, medicinal values, disorder.

POLLINATORS OF SOME COMMON MEDICINAL PLANTS

Swechha Gyanvarsha & Sanjeet Kumar

Biodiversity & Conservation Lab., Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Odisha, India

Corresponding Author’s Email-Id: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Medicinal plantshave been discovered and used in traditional medicine practices since

prehistoric times. Plants synthesise hundreds of chemical compounds for functions including

defence against insects, fungi, diseases and herbivorous mammals. Numerous phytochemicals

with potential or established biological activity have been identified. Medicinal plants may

provide health benefits to the people who consume them as medicines; financial benefits to

people who harvest, process and distribute them for sale; and society-wide benefits such as job

opportunities, taxation income, and a healthier labour force. Today, medicinal plants face both

general threats, such as climate change and habitat destruction, and the specific threat of over-

collection to meet market demands. In order to design a conservation strategy, an understanding

of plant pollinators is significant. Insects are the most common biotic agents of pollination,

honey bees performing more than 80 percent of all pollination. Most of the spice plants like

cumin, fennel, ajwain, turmeric etc. are visited by bees during the process of pollen collection. In

neem, natural pollination occurs by both wind and insects represented by Hymenoptera and

Lepidoptera. The possible pollinators of Alo evera could be humming birds and other nectar

drinking birds, rarely pollinated by bees. Honeybees are the most significant pollinator of

mustard among the insects belonging to order Hymenoptera, Diptera and Lepidoptera. Marigold

is pollinated by butterflies as they mostly prefer attractive and large sized flowers. Tulsi is

pollinated by predominantly 6 Apis species, out of which Apis dorsata was found to be the

fastest forager. Papilio demoleus is ranked as the best pollinator of Rauwolfia, hence showing

psychophilous mode of pollination. The chief pollinators frequently visiting sandal flowers are

flies, bees and ants; occasional visitors include beetles and wasps. Majority of medicinal plants

use a range of animals as pollinating agents. Hence, understanding of plant pollinators is a useful

tool in biodiversity conservation for threatened medicinal plants.

Keywords: medicinal plants, pollination, faunal species



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SPIDER: A SOURCE OF MEDICINE

Anindra Sahoo & Sanjeet Kumar



ABSTRACT

Spiders are the eight legged arthropods belong to the class Arachnid and order Araneae.

Although spiders cause so many troubles to human beings, they are also helpful in some ways.

Their venom is reported to cause cure of several disease. Venom of crab spider (Heriaeus

melloteei) can cure hypokalemia periodic paralysis, venom of Chile rose tarantula (Granmostola

spatulata) can prevent atrial fibrillation, venom of funnel-web spider(Holena curta) can prevent

brain damage, also cure dravet syndrome. Spider venom is also used in pesticides and is

environment friendly. The venom is very effective as it target certain ion channels without

causing any side effect like other drugs. Spider venom is a delicate combination of enzymatic

and non-enzymatic toxins. It also contains polyamine neurotoxins, ATP, AMP, ADP, guanosine,

2,4,6-trihydroxy purine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, taurine, histamine, serotonin, tyramine,

octomine, non adrenaline and inorganic salts. Several enzymes such as hyaluronidase, protease,

phospholipase D, sphingomyelinase and neurotoxic peptides have been characterized from spider

venom. Biting of spider is an accidental event,it can cause inflammation, redness, which remain

up to several days and in serious cases it may affect nervous system. Spider venom provides

hugepotential in the field of biotechnology and medicine. So there is a high need of research on

spider venoms for advancement of drugs which will be very helpful towards mankind.

Keywords: Spider, Medicinal Values, Pharmacological values

CARNIVOROUS PLANTS

Sweta Mishra & Sanjeet Kumar



ABSTRACT

Carnivorous plants, the mysterious science in nature have the ability to attract, capture and kill

the microorganisms, flies or insects etc. There are about 700 species from 20 genera of 12

families belongs to carnivorous plants world-wide. From which in India we found only 44

species belongs to 4 genera that are Drocera, Nepenthes,Pinguicula and Utricularia and in Odisha

there are 17 species are found belongs to family Lentibulariaceae and Droceracese that is

Utricularia species and Drocera species respectively. These plants are brightly colouredand also

sweet smelling for this property insects get easily attracted by these plants. The trapping




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mechanisms varies from genera to genera but mainly are of 2 types i.e. Active (use rapid

movement) and Passive (having sticky hairs or long tubes with hairs). For digestion they contain

different types of digestive enzymes like amylase, protease, chitinase etc. but some species also

depend on bacteria and some species rely on both enzymes and bacteria.

Keywords: Carnivorous plants, diversity, enzymes

HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITIES OF HOMALIUM

NEPALENSE BENTH.: AN INDIGENOUS MEDICINAL PLANT

Satish Kanhar,*, Umesh Chandra Dash, Sandeep Kumar Swain & Atish Kumar Sahoo aPhytotherapy Research Lab., Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Regional Plant Resource

Centre, Forest & Environment Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli,

Bhubaneswar, 751015, India

Corresponding author’s: E-mail:[email protected]

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to evaluate ameliorative effects of Homalium nepalense Benth.

(Flacourtiaceae) on CCl4-induced hepatocellular injury in rats. Oxygen-radical absorbance-

capacity (ORAC) and cell-based-antioxidant-protection-in-erythrocytes (CAP-e) were performed

and found that the ethyl acetate fractions of bark (HNEB) and leaf (HNEL) showed a remarkable

degree of antioxidant activities in a dose dependent manner. Antioxidant potential HNEB was

higher than HNEL and was comparable with trolox. HNEB and HNEL at 300 and 400 mg/kg

showed significant hepatoprotective activities against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity as evidenced

by restoration of SGOT, SGPT, ALP, TB and TP level. The level of TBARS, SOD, CAT and

GSH were significantly improved and restored towards normal value. Both fractions at 400

mg/kg showed remarkable improvements in marker levels as comparable to silymarin.

Histopathological observations of liver tissues revealed the reduction of necrosis with

appearance of sinusoidal space, central vein, and bile duct both in case of HNEB and HNEL.

GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS confirmed occurrence of a total 53 no. of phytocompounds in

HNEB and HNEL. Based on their retention times-(RT) and mass-to-charge-ratios-(m/z), some of

the major bioactive compounds were catechol (5.89%), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5.87%),

salicylic acid (4.89%), eugenol (1.60%), doconexent (0.31%), β-sitosterol (1.59%), 2,3-dihydro-

3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (1.15%), coniferyl alcohol (2.99%), hexadecanoic acid

methyl ester (1.05%), and betulin (1.20%). H. nepalense possesses significant hepatoprotection

effect because of its antioxidant constituents.

Keywords: Homalium nepalense, Histopathological, Bioactive compounds


Page | 63

CONSERVATION OF URBAN AVIAN DIVERSITY THROUGH

PLANTATION OF FICUS BENGHALENSIS

Shrabani Pattnaik*, Aiswarya Majhi, A.R Divya Jyoti, Subhashree Behera, Suchitra Naik,

Seema Suman Mishra & Auro Rashmi

Department of Biotechnology, Rama Devi Women’s University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha

*Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Conservation of biodiversity is the prime concern in the 21st century. The Urban biodiversity is

prone to natural calamities as well as rapid human inference to the nature i.e urbanization,

resulting in decline of flora and fauna. Observation showed that many conserved species of

Frugiverous birds, both local and migratory are affected by deforestation. The tree species, Ficus

benghalensis is the source of nutrition as well as shelter to these birds who forage on the its

fruits. It is to be also noted that these fruits of F. benghalensis also have nutraceutical values and

is a potential source for harbouring compounds which could be used to cure human ailments.

Observation and background research indicated the shifting pattern in migration of these

migratory birds and dwindling of their population. Many of the observed avian species belong to

the conservation group and are threatened due to the loss of habitat. The preferred fruits of these

birds contained phenol and anthocyanin, hence, these fruits have antioxidant and free radial

scavenging activity. The birds actively selected food containing anthocyanin over food without

it. Moreover, requirement for protein and calcium increases during breeding season of F.

benghalensis which brings the case of avian biodiversity conservation to more edge as for some

species, this is the only source of food. Therefore, it is suggested that conservation of existing

trees and plantation of Ficus benghalensis in the urban areas is helpful in conserving the avian

diversity.

Keywords: Urban ecology, avian diversity, Ficus



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RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN SEARCH OF ANTI-GLYCATION

PROPERTY FROMPLANTS: POTENTIALREMEDIAL ROLE

TOWARDS DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS

Nabanita Patnaik & Nihar Ranjan Singh*

School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India

*Email-Id: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Out of many factors known, protein glycation is one of the major contributing factor in the

development and progression of diabetic complications in human beings. Diabetes mellitus is

characterised by high level of sugars in the body and their long term associated complications

afflicting eyes, skin, kidneys, nerves and heart. With increasing changing in life style, more than

30% of urban population are affected from diabetes and associated disorders. During the process

of glycation, the non-enzymatic reaction between bio-molecules and sugar component in cells

and tissue leads to the formation of series of chemical compounds called advanced glycation end

products. Formation of glycation products accompanied with the formation of reactive oxygen

species and free radicals further aggravate the pathological conditions by damaging proteins,

lipids and nucleic acid. A long term presence of such damaging biomolecules can further

accelerate the pathogenesis. To prevent the effect of glycation, traditional and complementary

medicine like plant based formulations are gaining importance compared to synthetic medicines

due to lesser side effects. It is believed that natural compounds present in plants may have

therapeutic potential towards diseases and therefore the same can be applied in neutralizing the

effect of glycation in the cells and tissues. Many edible plants, fruits and leafy vegetables

possesses natural compounds like polyphenols and flavonoids that are known to have anti-

oxidant potential and may be key compounds in regulating the advanced glycation end products.

In recent years, beneficial role of bioactive compounds derived from plants have been identified

and evaluated for having anti-glycation effects. Historically, the rich diversity of Indian flora is

used from long time in treating diseases like diabetes. Hence, a promising approach in the

treatment and prevention of glycation and glycation associated complications is to search for

medicinal plants and plant products that can acceptable to the people and can act as an alternative

to synthetic medications. It is high time to employ scientific methods and investigation

approaches to validate the role of medicinal plants and natural compounds in preventing the

negative effects of glycation and their associated complications.

Keywords: glycation, medicinal plants, diabetic



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EUPHORBIA HIRTA LINN. LEAVES EXTRACT: A

MEDICINAL PLANT WITH PROMISING ANTI-OXIDANT AND

ANTI-GLYCATION POTENTIAL

Nabanita Patnaik & Nihar Ranjan Singh*

School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India


ABSTRACT

Phytochemicals present in medicinal plants can be considered beneficial for human health and

nutrition. In the present study, the methanolic extracts of Euphorbia hirta Linn. leaves were

analyzed for anti-oxidation and anti-glycation properties. Along with this, the phenol content of

the leaves were also determined as such phytochemicals were known to have free radical

scavenging activities. It was found that Euphorbia hirta Linn. leaves methanolic extract have a

high amount of phenolic content. The antioxidant activity was tested by DPPH (1,1’-dipheny l-2-

picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging assay, hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, superoxide

scavenging assay, ferrous reducing assay and metal chelating assay. Anti-glycation activity was

determined by measuring fluorescence intensity using bovine serum albumin-glucose as a model.

The total phenolic content was 295 ± 2.02 mg GAE/gm of the extract. The leaves extract

exhibited a maximum DPPH scavenging activity of 76.85% as compared with standard BHT

(butylated hydroxy toluene) of 94.39%. The IC50 value of DPPH for leaves and standard were

36 µg/ml and 17.29 µg/ml. The reducing power of leaves extract was comparable with that of

BHT and found to be dose-dependent. The superoxide scavenging assay shows maximum

reduction percentage of 82.41% in leaves extract and for ascorbic acid, it was 97.52%. The

IC50 value of superoxide scavenging assay of leaves extract was 48.97 µg/ml and for ascorbic

acid, it was 6.51 µg/ml. Hydroxyl scavenging assay exhibited 80.83% when compared with

standard BHT which shows 85.26% scavenging whereas IC50 of leaves extract was 23.98 µg/ml

and BHT 11 µg/ml. The metal chelating property exhibited for leaves was 72.13% compared to

standard EDTA of 85.35%. The IC50 for leaves and EDTA were 38.01 µg/ml and 18.62 µg/ml.

The anti-glycation activity shows an IC50 value of 48.97 µg/ml for leaves extracts in BSA-

glucose model which is no less compared to the standard glycation inhibitor aminoguanidine.

From the result, it is concluded that E. hirta extract has a very strong percentage of inhibition for

oxidative stress and glycation. The results further indicate that there was a direct correlation

between total phenol content, antioxidant and antiglycation activity.

Keywords: Phytochemicals, Anti-oxidative property, Anti-glycation,



Page | 66

STUDIES ON MEDICINAL PLANT RESOURCES IN KARANJIA

TOWN AND ITS ADJOINING AREAS OF MAYURBHANJ

DISTRICT OF ODISHA

Jamuna Tudu1* & Kunja Bihari Satapathy2

1. Post Gratuate Department of Life Sciences, Rama Devi Women’s University, Odisha,

India

2. Department of Botany, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha,

India


ABSTRACT

In this century there has been a revival of interest in natural plant products as they are

biologically more compatible with human system and comparatively less toxic compared to

synthetics. The objective of the present investigation was to collect and identify medicinal plant

resources of the area and documentation of the medicinal plants traded and used by the

pharmaceutical companies for drug preparations. A field survey was carried out to catalogue

indigenous knowledge of local medicinal plant in various tribal rich forest pockets of Karanjia

and its adjoining area in Mayurbhanj district of Odisha. During the survey 103 species belonging

to 97 genera and 50 families were collected and identified. Among those, majority of the plants

belong to Fabaceae, Caeselpiniaceae, Rutaceae, Apocynaceae and Euphorbiacea taxonomic

families. The list of plants having medicinal properties found in this area include Abutilon

indicum, Achyranthes aspera, Aerva lanata, Alstonia scholaris, Bacopa monnieri, Barleria

cristata, Canscora decussata, Centella asiatica, Datura metel, Desmodium gangeticum,

Desmostachya bipinnata, Euphorbia hirta, Holarrhena pubescens, Ichnocarpus frutescens,

Jatropha gossypifolia, Kalanchoe pinnata, Oxalis corniculata, Pergularia daemia, Phyla nodiflora,

Phyllanthus emblica, Piper longum, Rauvolfia serpentine, Scoparia dulcis, Sida cordifolia,

Tinospora cordifolia, Toddalia asiatica, Vanda tessellata, Vernonia cinerea, Vitex negundo,

Woodfordia fruticosa, Ziziphus oenoplia. In dealing with plants and animals especially for

medicinal uses, it is of foremost importance that the plant must be correctly determined.

Inaccuracy in determination might sometimes lead to death of patient due to undesirable or

poisonous effect. To overcome this difficulty to some extent, simple and easy workable keys

need to be devised for identifying plants used for medicinal purposes. Further studies need to be

conducted to determine the exact chemical composition and bio-active compounds present in any

given medicinal plant and how they correlate with their claimed healing properties.

Keywords: Mayurbhanj, medicinal plants, tribal communities


Page | 67

PIPER BETLE L.: A CHEWING ANTIOXIDANT OF ODISHA

Manoj Kumar Kar1, Sanjeet Kumar2 & Padan Kumar Jena1*

Department of Botany, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, India



ABSTRACT

Piper betle L. belongs to the family Piperaceae a perennial creeper grows in shady and cool

places with a support like sticks. Plant is dioecious and propagates with stem cutting from nodal

region. Female plant has the catkin type of inflorescence. In Odisha it grows in coastal districts

with semiarid climate near seashore including Balasore, Bhadrak, Kendrapara, Jagatsinghpur,

Puri and Ganjam. The Plant has economically much importance for its leaves as chewable

beverage along with some ingredients of tobacco, lime, betelnut etc., sold in market called betel

quid which is carcinogenic. Other than its economic importance, it also has a lot of good

medicinal values such as anti malarial, anti fungal, anti carcinogenic etc. due to the presence of

many phytochemicals like hydroxychavicol, chavibetol etc. due to their antioxidant properties. A

lot of different varieties of betel plants are cultivated throughout the India and aboard. In Odisha

only five different cultivars of P. betle L. were collected from different coastal districts

(Vishnupur- Nirgundi of Bhadrak, Deswari-Niali of Cuttack, Ghajipur-Hinjali of Ganjam,

Desipan- Kujanga of Jagatsinghpur, Jaleswari- Jaleswar of Balasore) and were examined for

their antioxidant properties including DPPH, Metal Chelating, SAS ABTS, Hydroxyl Radical

Scavenging Activity etc. from dried powder of the leaves with different solvents including

methanol, ethanol, acetone, aqueous using soxhlet. It was observed that out of all the above

cultivars, desipan variety shows the highest antioxidant properties with the above criteria

including DPPH, Metal Chelating, SAS ABTS, Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Activity in

Ethanol which might be beneficial for cure of many different human diseases like Cancer,

Malaria and ulcer etc. Further researches also can be made for cure of many other diseases with

other cultivars of P. betle L using other solvents.

Keywords: Piper, medicinal values, Odisha



Page | 68

PHARMACOLOGICAL VALUES OF FICUS BENGHALENSIS

Akanksha Mohanty, Bigyani Samal, R.Divya, Arpita Rana, Richa Panda, Pritilima Mishra

and Anjum Akhtar

Department of Biotechnology, Rama Devi Women’s University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha


ABSTRACT

Ficus benghalensis, a member of Moraceae family, which is commonly known as Banyan Tree,

is a plant found abundantly in India. There are over 800 species of genus Ficus. The various parts

of Ficus benghalensis have medicinal and pharmacological values but our part of interest is the

fruit commonly known as “banyan fig”. The fruits are sessile in axillary pairs with fleshy

pericarp and dark red in colour when ripe. The fruit excises a soothing effect on skin and mucous

membrane, alleviates swelling and pain and serves as a mild purgative. It also has nutritional

values. It is useful for stopping vommiting and treatment of leucorrhoea. It is traditionally used

as a folk medicine for certain respiratory disorders, dysentery and rheumatic inflammations. The

fruits have been known to contain several bioactive compounds like Terpenoids, Phenolics,

Flavonoids, Alkaloids,Phlobatannins,Chlorides and Vitamin C. Some amounts of steroids, amino

acids and polysaccharides have also been found in the fruit extracts. A galactose specific lectin

has been isolated from the seeds of the fruits and designated as Ficus benghalensis agglutinin

(FBA). The fruits of Ficus benghalensis have been known to posess cytotoxic activity and thus

anti-tumour activity. Present work is an effort to give detailed survey about the medicinal and

pharmacological value of Ficus benghalensis.

Keywords: Ficus, medicinal values, pharmacological values

AWARENESS OF BREAST CANCER IN PUBLIC OF ODISHA

Itishree Sahoo1* & Anindra Sahoo2

1. Department of Zoology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha

2. Biodiversity & Conservation Lab., Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Odisha


ABSTRACT

Globally, breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, and the most likely cause of

female cancer deaths. High-income countries (HICs) have made the most progress in improving

breast cancer outcomes. By contrast, breast cancer is an increasingly urgent problem in low- and

middle-income countries (LMICs), where historically low incidence rates have been rising by up

to 5% per year. The strides seen in HICs have not been mirrored in LMICs where optimal

management strategies from wealthy countries cannot be fully implemented due to significant




Page | 69

resource constraints related to limited personal resources, underdeveloped health care

infrastructure, lack of pharmaceuticals and cultural barriers.Breast cancer poses a serious public

health problem, and it is hoped that identification of genetic and environmental factors that

contribute to the development of breast cancer will enhance prevention efforts. Two breast

cancer susceptibility genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) have been identified, and germline mutations

in these genes are thought to account for between 5% and 10% of all breast cancer cases. Current

findings suggest that mutations in other highly penetrant genes may play an important role in

breast cancer susceptibility, and studies aimed at the isolation of these genes are under way. In

addition, common variants in a number of gene classes are thought to act as low-penetrance

susceptibility alleles, and efforts to identify and characterize these variants are under way. In this

study, 20 patients of Hemalata hospital and 20 local people were interviewed with a

questionnaire to collect information on awareness of breast cancer among them. The study has

highlighted that people still had a general lack of awareness regarding the disease. The aim of the

project was to estimate as well as create awareness on breast cancer.

Keywords: Cancer, medicinal values, HICs

PRESENT STATUS OF ARTIFICIALLY

IMPLANTED MANGROVE VEGETATION OF CHILIKA

LAGOON

Debasish Mahapatro

Wetland Research and Training Centre, Barkul, Khordha, Odisha


ABSTRACT

Mangrove live in the junction of land - sea interface provides immense socioeconomic benefit

to the mankind. It also provides immense ecological services by providing a wall against severe

tropical cyclones and prevents beach erosion. Therefore diminishing the impact of sea level rise.

Mangrove plants are the excellent source of bioactive compounds such as alkaloid, steroid,

phenols , terpenoids etc. Traditionally , various parts of mangrove plant is used as insecticide and

pesticides which is still in the practice. In order to protect the shoreline and coastal and marine

biodiversity artificially implantation of mangrove are made e.g. outer channel area of Chilika

Lagoon. However , the recent study showed the instances of pest infection to the mangrove

leaves , due to which most of the young plants showed mild growth. This was more pronounced

after the occurrence of tropical cyclones namely Titli and Fani occurred during October 2018

and May 2019 respectively. Since very less research work are carried out on the medicinal values


Page | 70

socioeconomic and ecological significance of artificially implanted mangrove vegetation of

Chilika. The present study will act as first baseline information on this aspect.

Keywords: Mangrove, medicinal plants, Chilka

AEGLE MARMELOS: A CULTURAL MEDICINAL PLANTS

Sauranjeeta Majhi & Sanjeet Kumar

Biodiversity and Conservation Lab., Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Bhubaneswar,

Odisha


ABSTRACT

Aegle marmelos belongs to the family Rutaceae, indigenous to Indian subcontinent and southeast

Asia, commonly called as bael (or bela or bili) in India. It is considered as a scared tree by the

Hindus ,the leaves are offered to lord Siva in temples, it is widely spread mostly in the dry forest

on hills and plains in Odisha. From literature it is found that it is also used traditionally for its

medicinal properties in Ayurveda. Fruits, leaves twigs and root of the bael tree are used in many

food preparation. Fruit can be eaten raw or can be made into many delicacies like the (Bela pana)

in Odisha. Bael leaves help in weight loss but cause abortion and sterility in women. The bark is

used as fish poison.

Keywords: Aegle marmelos, therapeutic values, socio-cultural values

TAXONOMIC STUDIES ON THE FAMILY FABACEAE OF THE

ROURKELA STEEL CITY, SUNDERGARH, ODISHA, INDIA

*Samarendra Narayan Mallick1,Prabhat Kumar Das2 & Baman Chandra Acharya3 1Department of Botany, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack-753 003, Odisha, India

2Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 3Department of Botany, Khalikote (Autonomous ) College, Khalikote, Ganjam, Odisha

ABSTRACT

Extensive field survey was taken for taxonomic investigation of the family Fabaceae growing

throughout the Rourkela Steel City, Sundergarh, Odisha. A total of 33 species under 22 genera of

the family Fabaceae grown in the wild and cultivated were collected and identified with the help

of local floras. About the total number of the species mot are having medicinal properties.Abrus



Page | 71

precatorious,Butea monosperma ,Clitoria ternatea, Desmodium triflorum,Pterocarpus

marsupiumMucuna pruriens,Pongamia pinnata,Pterocarpus santalinus,Sesbania

grandiflora,Tephrosia purpurea are most populated medicinal plant grown in Rourkela steel

city.Atylosia spp and Pterocarpus santalinus the RET plant species are also grown in the area.

Dalbergia spp. and Pterocarpus spp are mostly planted for wood purposes. Since the flora of

Sundergarh districts has not been beneficially explored, this study will help in completion of

flora of Sundergarh district and Rourkela in particular. Further studies will reveal the allelopathic

effects as well as the different ethnobotanical values.

Keywords: Fabaceae, Medicinal plants, Taxonomy

PHYTOCONSTITUENTS OF WEDELIA CHINENSIS (OSBECK)

MERR. LEAVES IN DIFFERENT EXTRACTS

Abhijit Pratihari

College of Forestry, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha


ABSTRACT

In order to study screening of various Phytochemicals, leaves of Wedelia chinensis of the

matured plants were collected, oven dried, powdered and various solvent extracts were obtained

which were then subjected to various tests to confirm the presence of secondary metabolites

groups.The solvent system used were Ethanol, Water, Ethyl acetate, Chloroform, Hydro alcohol

(50:50) and Petroleum ether. In the present study, the ethanolic crude extract of leaves of

Wedelia chinensis possessed alkaloids and phenolic compounds, however, in case of water

extract confirmed presence of alkaloid, carbohydrates, glycosides , proteins, tannins and phenols

. In case of hydro alcohol extract, tests indicated presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates and

glycosides, tannins and phenolic compounds . Ethyl acetate extract found to have carbohydrates ,

glycosides, tannin and phenolic compounds . In case of Chloroform extract alkaloids, glycosides,

proteins and tannins were found . In Petroleum ether extract oils and fats, tannins and phenololic

compounds presence were confirmed.

Keywords: Medicinal plants, therapeutic values, Bioactive compounds


Page | 72

FERROPTOSIS IN HUMAN SPERMATOZOA:

AMELIORATION OF CELL VIABILITY BY GRACILARIA

VERRUCOSAEXTRACT

Deeptimayee Guru, Jasmine Nayak, Soumya Ranjan Jena & Luna Samanta

Redox Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw

University, Cuttack-753003


ABSTRACT

Oxidative stress is implicated in many pathologies, including that of male infertility.A novel cell

death modality called ferroptosis, linked to oxidative stress is gaining importance in recent years

owing to the large number of publications linking oxidative stress to cell death in recent

years.Nonetheless, the induction of this iron-regulated, caspase independent cell death pathway

has never been explored outside of the soma. Ferroptosis is initiated through the inactivation of

the lipid repair enzyme glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and is aggravated by the activity of

arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15), alipoxygenase enzyme that facilitates lipid

degradation. Here, we demonstrated the incidence of ferroptosis in the immature spermatozoa

isolated by density gradient centrifugation which declined gradually with maturation as

evidences by absence of arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15) in the mature,

morphologically intact spermatozoa in fertile donors from the LC-Ms/MS analysis while

substantial amount of the enzyme was detected in the same fraction isolated from infertile

patients. Along with ALOX15 other enzymes involved in glutathione metabolism are also

differentially expressed in both the groups. Subsequently, spermatozoa from normozoospermic

men were subjected to ferroptotic induction by incubation with FeSO4-Ascorbic acid in absence

and presence of ethanolic extract of red seaweed Gracilari averrucosa (0, 250, 500, 750 & 1000

µg/ml). The extract was able to ameliorate ROS generation (DCFHDA fluorescence), lipid

peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances), DNA damage (acrydine orange staining),

motility and viability of spermatozoa.

Keywords: Ferroptotic, seaweed, pharmacological values



Page | 73

FLORA OF KHANDAGIRI AND UDAYAGIRI

Mohini Kanti Das & Sanjeet Kumar

Biodiversity and Conservation Lab., Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Bhubaneswar, Odisha


ABSTRACT

The Khandagiri and Udayagiri hills are located at the centre of Bhubaneswar in Khordha district

of Odisha which are mainly surrounded with human habitation and many types of floral diversity

including herbs, shrubs, climbers and trees. It is a small forest vegetation consisting of numerous

ever green and semi ever green tress which is being condensing due to increase in human

activities. The study revealed that this area has a wide biodiversity with 411 species of

angiosperms from 100 different families. This area is also comprised of medicinal plants, wild

edible fruit trees and several interesting specieswhich are economically and medicinally

important. Passiflora foetida, Acacia auriculiformis, Dendrophthoe falcate, Hugonia mystax,

Drosera burmanii, Diplocyclos palmatus, Alphonsea maderaspatna, Desmodium alysicarpoides,

Syzygium cerassoides are some plants that are mostly found in this hilly area. The present work

emphasize on the conservation and preservation of local biodiversity for the future.

Keywords: Medicinal plants, Urban areas, Floral wealth

TAXONOMIC STUDIES ON THE FAMILY FABACEAE OF THE

ROURKELA STEEL CITY, SUNDERGARH, ODISHA, INDIA

*Samarendra Narayan Mallick1,Prabhat Kumar Das2& Baman Chandra Acharya3 1Department of Botany, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack-753 003, Odisha, India

2Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 3Department of Botany, Khalikote (Autonomous ) College, Khalikote, Ganjam, Odisha


ABSTRACT

Extensive field survey was taken for taxonomic investigation of the family Fabaceae growing

throughout the Rourkela Steel City, Sundergarh, Odisha. A total of 33 species under 22 genera of

the family Fabaceae grown in the wild and cultivated were collected and identified with the help

of local floras. About the total number of the species most are having medicinal properties.

Abrus precatorious,Butea monosperma ,Clitoria ternatea, Desmodium triflorum,Pterocarpus

marsupiumMucuna pruriens, Pongamia pinnata,Pterocarpus santalinus,Sesbania



Page | 74

grandiflora,Tephrosia purpurea are most populated medicinal plant grown in Rourkela steel city.

Atylosia spp and Pterocarpus santalinus the RET plant species are also grown in the area.

Dalbergia spp. and Pterocarpus spp are mostly planted for wood purposes. Since the flora of

Sundergarh districts has not been beneficially explored, this study will help in completion of

flora of Sundergarh district and Rourkela in particular. Further studies will reveal the allelopathic

effects as well as the different ethnobotanical values.

Keywords: Fabaceae, Sundergarh, Urban areas

MUSHROOM DIVERSITY OF ODISHA: A NUTRACEUTICAL

Yasaswinee Rout* & Sanjeet Kumar


*Corresponding author’s E-mail ID- [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Mushrooms are fleshy fruiting body produced by the fungal mycelium under favourable

condition. They are part of fungal biota rising up from lingo cellulosic wastes, mostly belonging

to class Basidiomycetes. There are about 14,000 known species of mushrooms of which about

2,000 are safe for human consumption. About 650 of these possess medicinal properties.

Approximately 850 species of mushrooms have been recorded from India. Many of them have

been used in food and folk medicine for years. Although the Yogic and Ayurvedic texts of India

contain a little information on its medicinal properties as classified under ‘tamasic elements’ but

several studies on pharmacological and therapeutic values on mushroom extracts has recorded a

number of medicinal functions like antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,

antidiabetic, hepatoprotective activity. Odisha is highly significant in terms of its mushroom

diversity due to having diverse landscapes. Hence, there is need of an extensive survey for the

documentation of the diversity of medicinal mushrooms in Odisha state and Eastern Ghats of the

country.

Keywords: Mushrooms, Odisha, Therapeutic value, Tamasic Elements, Diversity



Page | 75

ANALYZING POTENTIAL OF PHYLLOPLANE MICROFLORA

AS BIOCONTROL AGENTS AGAINST LEAF SPOT OF Centella

asiatica (MANDOOKPURI)

Shikha Thakur

Uttaranchal College of Biomedical Sciences and Hospital, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248001


ABSTRACT

Biological control of pathogens by phyllosphere microorganisms involves interactions between

the host plant, the potential pathogen, pathogen’s competitors, and other members of the

microbial community which are present on or in the leaf. Phylloplane fungi presented on the leaf

surface were screened and selected for the assessment of their potential against Colletotrichum

gloeosporioides causing leaf spot disease of Centella asiatica (Mandookpuri). In vitro studies

conducted to evaluate the efficacy of phylloplane fungi which showed that Trichoderma

harzianum ISO-1, T.harzianumISO-2 and T.piluliferum caused maximum inhibition of test

pathogen followed by Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sublateritium whereas P.tardum and

Cladosporium cladosporioides showed minimum antagonistic efficacy. In per cent inhibition of

radial growth of C.gloeosporioides the antagonist T.piluliferum exhibit the highest percent radial

growth inhibition followed by T.harzianum ISO-1 and T.harzianum ISO-2 and the minimum

suppression was shown by P.herquei. During the interaction between (antagonists and conditions

(With cell and Cell free) the antagonistic fungi viz., A.niger, P.sublateritium, P.citreo-viride,

P.frequentans, P.herquei, P.tardum, C.cladosporioides and T.harzianum exhibited more

inhibition under ‘with cell’ as compared to the ‘cell free’ condition.

Keywords: Phylloplane, biocontrol, Antagonistic efficacy, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,

Centella asiatica

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