ethics · 2020-06-25 · ethics (1) if you listen to the daily news, you may think that people are...

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Question 1 .

The following is the rough draft of a student essay. It may contain errors.

Ethics

(1) If you listen to the daily news, you may think that people are getting worse, that societyhas lost its moral compass. (2) Stories of robberies, scandals, murders, and other crimes. (3)The world seems like a scary place filled with ne’er-do-wells looking to take advantage ofanyone they can.

(4) About a month ago, my grandmother became the victim of elderly crime. (5) She likes togo shopping every day and frequents her city’s mall. (6) She was walking out of her localgrocery store. (7) A man ripped her purse and shopping bag out of her hands. (8) He ran offand jumped in a car that shot out of the parking lot.

(9) After talking to the police, Grandma went back home. (10) Two messages were blinkingon her answering machine. (11) The first one was from a man who found some papers, notes,and receipts scattered in the alley behind his apartment complex. (12) He gathered them upand called the number he found on an insurance card.

(13) The second message was from a woman who found a dirty purse in an alley a coupleof blocks away. (14) She found a phone number on a paper in the purse and calledimmediately.

(15) So, is society getting worse? (16) I like to think about it this way: One nefarious personstole my grandmother’s purse; two good Samaritans tried to help her in the aftermath.

Which sentence in the passage is nonessential and should be deleted?

A. sentence 16

B. sentence 5

C. sentence 3

D. sentence 11

Copyright © 2020 Edmentum - All rights reserved.


Question 2 .

Nobody’s Story (excerpt)by Charles Dickens

He lived on the bank of a mighty river, broad and deep, which was always silently rolling onto a vast undiscovered ocean. It had rolled on, ever since the world began. It had changed itscourse sometimes, and turned into new channels, leaving its old ways dry and barren; but ithad ever been upon the flow, and ever was to flow until Time should be no more. Against itsstrong, unfathomable stream, nothing made head. No living creature, no flower, no leaf, noparticle of animate or inanimate existence, ever strayed back from the undiscovered ocean.The tide of the river set resistlessly towards it; and the tide never stopped, any more than theearth stops in its circling round the sun. He lived in a busy place, and he worked very hard to live. He had no hope of ever beingrich enough to live a month without hard work, but he was quite content, God knows, to labourwith a cheerful will. He was one of an immense family, all of whose sons and daughters gainedtheir daily bread by daily work, prolonged from their rising up betimes until their lying down atnight. Beyond this destiny he had no prospect, and he sought none. There was over-much drumming, trumpeting, and speech-making, in the neighbourhoodwhere he dwelt; but he had nothing to do with that. Such clash and uproar came from theBigwig family, at the unaccountable proceedings of which race, he marvelled much. They setup the strangest statues, in iron, marble, bronze, and brass, before his door; and darkened hishouse with the legs and tails of uncouth images of horses. He wondered what it all meant,smiled in a rough good-humoured way he had, and kept at his hard work. The Bigwig family (composed of all the stateliest people thereabouts, and all the noisiest)had undertaken to save him the trouble of thinking for himself, and to manage him and hisaffairs. "Why truly," said he, "I have little time upon my hands; and if you will be so good as totake care of me, in return for the money I pay over"—for the Bigwig family were not above hismoney—"I shall be relieved and much obliged, considering that you know best." Hence thedrumming, trumpeting, and speech-making, and the ugly images of horses which he wasexpected to fall down and worship. "I don’t understand all this," said he, rubbing his furrowed brow confusedly. "But it HAS ameaning, maybe, if I could find it out." "It means," returned the Bigwig family, suspecting something of what he said, "honour andglory in the highest, to the highest merit." "Oh!" said he. And he was glad to hear that. But, when he looked among the images in iron, marble, bronze, and brass, he failed to finda rather meritorious countryman of his, once the son of a Warwickshire wool-dealer, or anysingle countryman whomsoever of that kind. He could find none of the men whose knowledgehad rescued him and his children from terrific and disfiguring disease, whose boldness hadraised his forefathers from the condition of serfs, whose wise fancy had opened a new andhigh existence to the humblest, whose skill had filled the working man's world withaccumulated wonders. Whereas, he did find others whom he knew no good of, and evenothers whom he knew much ill of. "Humph!" said he. "I don’t quite understand it." So, he went home, and sat down by his fireside to get it out of his mind.

What makes the main character decide to approach the Bigwig family?

A. He wants to understand the meaning of the Bigwigs' statues.

B. He wants to protect himself from a terrible future of poverty.

C. He wants to raise his family's status in the large community.

D. He wants to prove his way of life is better than the Bigwigs'.



Question 3 .

Tuning Out Television

Marcus has been reading about a national program that encourages people to turn off thetelevision for a full week. He was intrigued by the idea and wrote the following letter to hisschool newspaper.

Dear Editor,

I am writing to you as a concerned citizen of the student body, the nation, and—even morewidely—the world. There is an insidious enemy in our midst. It lurks right in our very homes. In fact, it lives inmultiple rooms in our households. Even worse, we've invited the enemy in. We've even paidmoney to bring it into our lives. The enemy is television. Sure, it's fun. It's entertaining. And it's hard to imagine our liveswithout it. But its very charm is part of the problem. We're entranced by it. There it sits, warmly lit andbeckoning with its moving images and inviting voices and music. The minute we succumb to its wiles, it attacks our motivation and our creativity. It gobblesand swallows up our time and energy in enormous gulps. Did you know that according to the A.C. Nielsen Co., the average time per year that eachAmerican spends watching television is more than 4 hours each day? That translates into 28hours per week, which is more than many part-time jobs. In larger terms, that means 2 monthsof nonstop TV-watching per year. In a 65-year life span, that is 9 years under the enemy'sspell. As a collective, the number of hours of television watched annually by Americans equals250 billion. Astounding, the effect the enemy has on us. We don't ever get that time back. Sure, television can certainly be educational and informative. However, there are so manyother options now for news—from the old-school, trusty newspapers (like this one), to thehigh-tech, instant access to the Internet. Besides, are those 4+ hours per day spent in front ofPBS and CNN? I don't think so. But we can fight the enemy—especially if we band together. I'm not proposing to abolishtelevision altogether. That's not really realistic. As an avid addict to all kinds of action-packed dramas like 24 and CSI, it would behypocritical of me to say it's acceptable for me to watch but not you or anyone else. So I propose to banish the enemy for just a week. As a student body, let's take a stand.Let's organize and commit to trying to fight the enemy with the rest of the nation by observing"Turn Off Television Week." Perhaps we could organize activities to help stoke people's imaginations with alternativesto television. Remember books—glorious books? Such a wealth of information at ourfingertips, ready to pick up and take with us anywhere. No electricity needed, no plugs orglazed-over eyes as a side effect. Maybe a book exchange, field trips to museums, or talkingto one another instead of flipping the channels. What if we tuned in to each other and ourcommunity instead of the enemy box? I hope you, as the newspaper editor, will help join the fight against the enemy that is TV—even if it's only for one week. That's a start.

Sincerely,

Marcus Bradshaw

What best describes an example of Marcus' bias?

A. He exaggerates the negative effects of television.

B. He refuses to show another side of his argument.

C. He only acknowledges his view that television is evil.

D. He describes only the positive aspects of television.



Question 4 .

Which sentence has correct punctuation?

A. On the survey, answer the question; What is your favorite song?

B. All students should read Hamlet; Julius Caesar; and Richard III.

C. I've always been interested in photography; I think I'll take a class.

D. My cousin moved to Oregon; but he has had trouble finding a job.

Question 5 .


Ethics






Which sentence in the passage is a sentence fragment?

A. sentence 4

B. sentence 2

C. sentence 16

D. sentence 10

Question 6 .

People think Jeff Lewis is intolerable, but they would definately like him if he was more gracious andshowed some humility.

Which word in the sentence is misspelled?

A. humility

B. gracious

C. intolerable

D. definately



Question 7 .

Justice for All?

Saboteurs?

Prejudice against Asian immigrants had been longstanding on the West Coast. However, itincreased when World War II broke out following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Withina few weeks, the demand spread that Japanese Americans, both naturalized citizens andthose born in the United States, be removed from the West Coast. The belief was that theymight be "saboteurs" or "spies." It made no difference that there was no proof that even onewas a threat to the United States.

Relocation Orders

On February 19, 1942, President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066 authorizing theSecretary of War to designate parts of the country as "military areas." Any and all personscould be excluded, and travel restrictions might be imposed. A few weeks later, General JohnL. DeWitt, Western Defense Command leader, made the entire Pacific coast a military areabecause of its vulnerability to attack. Curfews were established, and Japanese Americans were at first prohibited from leavingthe area. And then they were prohibited from being in the area. The only way JapaneseAmericans could follow these contradictory orders was to "evacuate" to relocation centers. In the relocation program, 110,000 men, women, and children were sent to what were inessence prison camps. This program was the most serious invasion of individual rights by thefederal government in the nation's history. The entire operation operated on the racist beliefthat anyone of Japanese ancestry was a traitor.

Court Cases

In wartime, the old saying goes, law is silent. The Supreme Court, which had only recentlybegun to play a stronger role in protecting minority rights, did not want interfere with what theadministration considered necessary. Three cases testing the constitutionality of theevacuation orders were heard by the Court. In the first case, Hirabayashi v. United States(1943), the Court upheld the curfew, but avoided ruling on the wider implications of relocation. In the second case, Korematsu v. United States, the Court could no longer ignore whetherloyal citizens could be relocated to detention camps solely based on their race. A majority ofthe Court agreed with Justice Black's view that military necessity justified the relocation.However, three members of the Court, Frank Murphy, Owen J. Roberts, and Robert H.Jackson, dissented. On the same day, the Court unanimously authorized a writ of habeas corpus for MitsuyeEndo, a citizen whose loyalty had been clearly established. The Court's rulings in Hirabayashiand Korematsu were criticized by many civil libertarians and scholars from the start. There hasbeen a general condemnation of them ever since.

Justice in the 'Court of History'

After the war ended, the internment haunted the nation's conscience. In 1948, Congresstook the first step in making amends. It enacted the Japanese American Evacuation ClaimsAct to provide some compensation to those who had lost homes and businesses. In 1980,Congress again opened the internment issue. This time, witnesses testified, many of them forthe first time, of the hardships and trauma they had suffered. The resulting report, which wascalled Personal Justice Denied (1983), condemned the removal as unjustified. The report alsoconcluded that the Supreme Court decisions had been "overruled in the court of history."adapted from http://usinfo.state.gov/infousa/government/overview/65.html

What is the main idea of the passage?

A. World War II resulted in over 100,000 Japanese Americans being interned in the U.S.

B. Congress should support monetary compensation for Japanese Americans who wereinterned.

C. Two court cases resulted in reversing the relocation of over 100,000 JapaneseAmericans in the United States.

D. The Supreme Court can make decisions that reverse shameful decisions made in U.S.history.



Question 8 .

Some kids tease Keith because he likes to build model airplanes in his spare time, but he has wonseveral awards for his handiwork.

Which of these is a prepositional phrase from the sentence?

A. "because he likes"

B. "to build model airplanes"

C. "has won several awards"

D. :"for his handiwork":"in his spare time":



Question 9 .



Why did the author begin the story by describing the setting?

A. to show the river's ruthlessness

B. to describe the town's fear

C. to set the tone of the story

D. to slowly frighten the reader



Question 10 .


Ethics






Which of these sentences would make the best supporting detail for the fourth paragraph (sentences13-14)?

A. The woman cleaned up the purse and drove to Grandma's house to return it.

B. That alley was more than 100 yards long with driveways to houses along both sides.

C. My grandmother's purse was ivory leather with three compartments and a zipper top.

D. The police took my grandmother's statement, but they were skeptical they would findthe culprit.



Question 11 .



Dear Editor,


Sincerely,

Marcus Bradshaw

How does the author engage the reader at the beginning of the essay?

A. by giving surprising statistics as support

B. by describing the issue with an example

C. by personifying the issue as an enemy

D. by appealing to only a specific audience



Question 12 .

Carol pulled into the driveway and placed a grocery sack on the counter. She began unloading thegroceries when she noticed a slimy mess in the sack. "Oh no! The eggs broke while I was in the car," she said. With a frustrated grunt, Carol grabbed awad of paper towels to clean the mess.

Which of these is an example of an interjection from the passage?

A. "Oh no"

B. "she said"

C. "slimy"

D. "grunt"



Question 13 .



Dear Editor,


Sincerely,

Marcus Bradshaw

What best describes the way the author ends the essay?

A. by threatening the editor

B. with a call to action

C. by telling a short story

D. with a personal attack



Question 14 .



What best describes the theme of this excerpt?

A. It is better to think for yourself.

B. Humility and modesty are overvalued.

C. Wealth buys wisdom and happiness.

D. Poverty brings only disappointment.



Question 15 .


Ethics






What is the best way to combine sentence 6 and 7?

A. She was walking out of her local grocery store; but a man ripped her purse andshopping bag out of her hands.

B. As she was walking out of her local grocery store, a man ripped her purse andshopping bag out of her hands.

C. Walking out of her local grocery store, a man ripped her purse and shopping bag out ofher hands.

D. She was walking out of her local grocery store, a man ripped her purse and shoppingbag out of her hands.



Question 16 .



Dear Editor,


Sincerely,

Marcus Bradshaw

What does the word hypocritical mean in this sentence from the passage?

As an avid addict to all kinds of action-packed dramas like 24 and CSI, it would be hypocritical of me tosay it's acceptable for me to watch, but not you or anyone else.

A. harsh

B. straightforward

C. insincere

D. sincere



Question 17 .

Justice for All?

Saboteurs?


Relocation Orders


Court Cases




What is the word root of prejudice?

A. before

B. judge

C. pre

D. dice



Question 18 .

This year, the prom will be held in a ballroom at the hotel.

Which is the most vivid word to add before "ballroom" to strengthen the description?

A. pretty

B. good

C. lavish

D. nice



Question 19 .

Mending Wallby Robert Frost

Something there is that doesn't love a wall,That sends the frozen-ground-swell under it,And spills the upper boulders in the sun,And makes gaps even two can pass abreast.The work of hunters is another thing:I have come after them and made repairWhere they have left not one stone on a stone,But they would have the rabbit out of hiding,To please the yelping dogs. The gaps I mean,No one has seen them made or heard them made,But at spring mending-time we find them there.I let my neighbor know beyond the hill;And on a day we meet to walk the lineAnd set the wall between us once again.We keep the wall between us as we go.To each the boulders that have fallen to each.And some are loaves and some so nearly ballsWe have to use a spell to make them balance: "Stay where you are until our backs are turned!"We wear our fingers rough with handling them.Oh, just another kind of out-door game,One on a side. It comes to little more:There where it is we do not need the wall:He is all pine and I am apple orchard.My apple trees will never get acrossAnd eat the cones under his pines, I tell him.He only says, "Good fences make good neighbors."Spring is the mischief in me, and I wonderIf I could put a notion in his head:"Why do they make good neighbors? Isn't itWhere there are cows?But here there are no cows.Before I built a wall I'd ask to knowWhat I was walling in or walling out,And to whom I was like to give offence.Something there is that doesn't love a wall,That wants it down." I could say "Elves" to him,But it's not elves exactly, and I'd ratherHe said it for himself. I see him thereBringing a stone grasped firmly by the topIn each hand, like an old-stone savage armed.He moves in darkness as it seems to me,Not of woods only and the shade of trees.He will not go behind his father's saying,And he likes having thought of it so wellHe says again, "Good fences make good neighbors."

What does "the wall between us" mean?

A. The wall represents a barrier in understanding.

B. The wall protects the neighbors from the elements.

C. The neighbors dread repairing the broken wall every year.

D. The neighbors enjoy how the wall brings them together.



Question 20 .



Dear Editor,


Sincerely,

Marcus Bradshaw

After reading this essay, what can the reader conclude?

A. Americans use the television for entertainment.

B. Books and newspapers are better than television.

C. Teachers and students will be eager to join Marcus.

D. Students are confused by too many choices on TV.


3/28/2020


Question 21 .

At the library, Jake asked the librarian for an atlas. What information could Jake find in a general atlas?

A. the names of all U.S. presidents

B. the definition of an unknown word

C. pictures of important events

D. maps of different countries



Question 22 .



Why does the speaker repeat the following two lines?

Something there is that doesn't love a wall,

"Good fences make good neighbors."

A. to remind the reader of similar perspectives

B. to refocus the poem on the neighbor's conflict

C. to create a clear, consistent rhythm

D. to highlight different perspectives



Question 23 .

Justice for All?

Saboteurs?


Relocation Orders


Court Cases




What is the main idea of the second paragraph of this passage?

A. General John L. DeWitt selected a portion of the Pacific coast for military defense.

B. Roosevelt's signing of Executive Order 9066 interned 110,000 Japanese Americans.

C. Japanese Americans had no choice but to follow the demands of Executive Order9066.

D. Executive Order 9066 created "military areas" that did not allow travel or settlements.



Question 24 .



Why does the speaker most likely say the following line from the poem?

Spring is the mischief in me

A. to describe how calm he is

B. to show his favorite season

C. to demonstrate his anxiety

D. to illustrate his playfulness



Question 25 .



What is the author's purpose for writing the story?

A. to entertain the reader

B. to give hints to the reader

C. to persuade the reader

D. to threaten the reader



Question 26 .

What change needs to be made to the sentence below?

Tapeworms are flatworms that live as a parasite in the intestines of animals.

A. Change "tapeworms" to "tapeworm."

B. Change "live" to "lives."

C. Change "a parasite" to "parasites."

D. Change "are" to "is."



Question 27 .

Justice for All?

Saboteurs?


Relocation Orders


Court Cases




What do the italics in the fifth and sixth paragraphs indicate?

A. locations of internment camps

B. proper names of defendants

C. official court case names

D. unfamiliar Japanese names



Question 28 .



What does the poet mean in the following line from the poem?

He is all pine and I am apple orchard.

A. He wants to contrast two different views.

B. He wants to emphasize two similar views.

C. He wants to tell the reader that he is right.

D. He wants to show how people are like trees.



Question 29 .

Justice for All?

Saboteurs?


Relocation Orders


Court Cases




What effect does the author create by beginning the passage with the section "Saboteurs"?

A. to define what "saboteurs" meant after World War II

B. to immediately set the stage for how cases could be resolved

C. to explain the number of people affected by a single decision

D. to open the passage by clearly stating the conflict



Question 30 .



How do the Bigwigs answer the main character's question about the statues?

A. They support his desire to learn and understand new ideas.

B. They answer arrogantly about "honour" and "glory."

C. They refuse to accept his money and give him what he desires.

D. They encourage the main character to find his own truth.


ethics · 2020-06-25 · ethics (1) if you listen to the daily news, you may think that people are...

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