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Post on 21-Dec-2015
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Ergonomics
Applications for Ergonomics
Home & Leisure
Service Office
Manufacturing
Manufac-turing
Safety, Quality, & Efficiency
Principles of Ergonomics
Work in Neutral Postures
Principle 1
Maintain the “S-Curve” of the Spine
The Neck
Keep Elbows in and Shoulders Relaxed
Keep Wrists in Neutral
Summary — Neutral Postures
Neck straight
Shoulders relaxed
Elbows at sides
Wrists in neutral
Back with S-curve
Point:
• To work smarter, work in neutral postures
• Evaluate and modify:– work method– tools– workstation design
Reduce Excessive Force
Principle 2
Point:
• Think of what you do.
• Think of ways to reduce excessive force.
• Thousands of ways, only some examples here.
Keep Everything in Easy Reach
Principle 3
Reach Envelope
Work at Proper Heights
Principle 4
Height elbow drawing
Most work at elbow height
(sitting or standing)
Most work at elbow height
(sitting or standing)
Height elbow hi/lo drawing
Exceptions:Heavy = lowerPrecision = higher
Exceptions:Heavy = lowerPrecision = higher
Reduce Excessive Motions
Principle 5
AfterBefore
Minimize Fatigue and Static Load
Principle 6
Minimize Pressure Points
Principle 7
Provide Clearance
Principle 8
Move, Exercise, Stretch
Principle 9
Maintain a Comfortable Environment
Principle 10
Lighting and Glare
Vibration
Dampening Material
Summary
• Posture
• Force
• Reach
• Heights
• Motions
• Static load
• Pressure points
• Clearance
• Stretch & exercise
• Environment
Putting on Your Ergonomics Glasses
Making Improvements
Fix and Adjust What You Can Yourself
Think Before You Work
Make Ergonomics Part of Daily Worklife
Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTDs)
“Wear and tear” that accumulates thru time
Symptoms
• Soreness, pain, discomfort
• Numbness or burning
• “Pins and needles”
• Limited range of motion
• Weakness and clumsiness
Basic Message to Everyone:
If you think you may have a
problem
Get it checked out
Risk Factors for CTDs
• Awkward Postures
• Force
• Repetitive Motions
• Static Load
• Pressure Points
• Vibration
• Temperature Extremes
(Tasks)
Risk Factors for CTDs
• Physical Condition
• Diseases and Conditions
(Personal)
Prevention
• Apply what you learn here
What You Can Do
• Request help for any problems
• Be willing to try new methods
• Know what’s adjustable
• Get it checked out
• Exercise and keep in shape
• Think about off-the-job activities
• Learn more about ergonomics
Activities at This Site
• TeamErgo
• Surveys
• Plans
• etc