equations for predicting height for elderly mexican americans are not applicable for elderly...

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Equations for Predicting Height for Elderly Mexican Americans Are Not Applicable for Elderly Mexicans VICTOR MANUEL MENDOZA-NÚN ¨ EZ, 1 * MARTHA A SÁNCHEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, 1 ARMANDO CERVANTES-SANDOVAL, 1 ELSA CORREA-MUN ~ OZ, 1 AND LUIS ALBERTO VARGAS-GUADARRAMA 2 1 Unidad de Investigación en Gerontología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores ÔÔZaragoza,ÕÕ Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mxico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico 2 Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico ABSTRACT Common indices for the assessment of nutritional status take height into account. Elderly individuals are frequently unable to assume the position needed for this measurement. Therefore, equations have been developed for predicting height in elderly American Whites, Ameri- can Blacks, and Mexican Americans using knee height as a predictor. These equations may not be applicable for the elderly in other populations. A sample of 736 individuals was studied (186 males, 550 females) with a mean age of 74.7 8 years. Height and knee height (without shoes) were measured in millimeters. Multiple regression and cross-validation was performed. The correlation between knee height and standing height was similar in women (r = 0.86; P < 0.0001) and men (r = 0.83; P < 0.0001). The equations obtained were as follows: men (height in cm) = 52.6 + (2.17 ´ knee height in cm) and women (height in cm) = 73.7 + (1.99 ´ knee height in cm) ) (0.23 ´ age in years). Cross-validation showed that the pure error was less than the root mean square error (RMSE) in both sexes. Mean heights, based on the equations of Chumlea et al. (1998) for Mexican Americans sig- nificantly differ from the reference values for females and males. Therefore, the equations developed by Chumlea et al. (1998) for elderly Mexican Americans do not appear to be applicable for elderly Mexicans. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 14:351±355, 2002. Ó 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. An accurate measurement of standing height is needed for the determination of indices assessing nutritional status, such as weight-for-height, the body mass index and the creatinine-height index, and for the determination of basal energy expenditures (Haboubi et al., 1990; Van Itallie et al., 1990; Barlett et al., 1991; Van-Hoeyweghen et al., 1992; Lasey et al., 1993; Baumgartner et al., 1996). Weight and height are also used to normalize creatinine clearance to body surface area, which can influence doses of renally excreted medication (Ku- bena et al., 1991; Van-Hoeyweghen et al., 1992). Loss of height with age is correlated with osteoporosis. However, measurement of height of the elderly is not always possi- ble, due to deformities of the spinal column such as kyphosis and scoliosis, severe ar- thritis, paralysis, chronic illnesses with fragility, and equilibrium problems. As a result, knee height and arm span have been proposed as predictor variables for height in the elderly (Mitchell and Lipschitz, 1982; Chumlea et al., 1985; Chumlea and Baumgartner, 1989). Knee height is preferred because it is less affected by changes with age and can be measured easily with excellent reliability (Muncie et al., 1987; Sullivan et al., 1989; Cockram and Baumgartner, 1990; Robenoff and Wil- son, 1993; Hans and Lean, 1996). Height prediction equations for the eld- erly using knee height have been developed from samples of non-Hispanic Whites, non- Hispanic Blacks, Mexican Americans, and Japanese Americans (Chumlea and Guo, 1992; Prothro and Rosenbloom, 1993; Chumlea et al., 1994, 1998; Myers et al., 1994; Hurley et al., 1997). However, such equations should be not used without showing their validity for other populations. Therefore, the aim of this study was evalu- ate the applicability of equations developed for elderly Mexican Americans to elderly Mexicans. Contract grant sponsors: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Me  xico (UNAM), CONACYT; Contract grant number: 135580M. * Correspondence to: V.M. Mendoza-Nu  n ¨ez. Batalla 5 de Mayo s/n, esq. Fuerte de Loreto, Col. Eje  rcito de Oriente CP. 09230, Mexico City, Mexico. E-mail: [email protected] Received 30 April 2001; Revision received 23 October 2001; Accepted 1 November 2001 Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.10029 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY 14:351±355 (2002) ã 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Page 1: Equations for predicting height for elderly Mexican Americans are not applicable for elderly Mexicans

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