environmental product declaration · 2 environmental product declaration as ad as loori...

RASKIN INDUSTRIES 1141 Holland Drive, Unit 23

Boca Raton FL 33487

PRODUCT

Gorilla Floors Elevations and Elevations Loft

MODEL

Elevations - 5 mm thickness with 12 or 20 mil wear layer.

Loft – 4 mm thickness with 6 mil wear layer.

Custom Specifications available.

Luxury Vinyl Tile with Floating Tile and Plank Floor Technology

FUNCTIONAL UNIT 1 Square Meter of Flooring. The lifetime of the product is 30 years

under a moderate use scenario in commercial, residential and/or

industrial interiors. The time horizon of this assessment is 60 years.

EPD NUMBER AND PERIOD OF VALIDITY SCS-EPD-03535

February 12, 2015 - February 11, 2020

Rev 1.1

PRODUCT CATEGORY RULE Product Category Rule (PCR) for preparing an Environmental Product

Declaration (EPD) for Flooring: Carpet, Resilient, Laminate, Ceramic,

Wood. Version 2. NSF International. May 22, 2012.

PROGRAM OPERATOR:

2000 Powell Street, Ste. 600, Emeryville, CA 94608

+1.510.452.8000 | www.SCSglobalServices.com

ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION

2

Environmental Product Declaration ELEVATIONS and ELEVATIONS LOFT Flooring

Disclaimers: This Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) conforms to ISO 14025, 14040, ISO 14044, and ISO 21930.

Scope of Results Reported: The PCR requirements limit the scope of the LCA metrics such that the results exclude environmental and social performance benchmarks and thresholds, and exclude impacts from the depletion of natural resources, land use ecological impacts, ocean impacts related to greenhouse gas emissions, risks from hazardous wastes and impacts linked to hazardous chemical emissions.

Accuracy of Results: Due to PCR constraints, this EPD provides estimations of potential impacts that are inherently limited in terms of accuracy and may include error factors up to a million-fold.

Comparability: The PCR this EPD was based on was not written to support comparative assertions. EPDs based on different PCRs, or different calculation models, may not be comparable. When attempting to compare EPDs or life cycle impacts of products from different companies, the user should be aware of the uncertainty in the final results, due to and not limited to, the practitioner’s assumptions, the source of the data used in the study, and the specifics of the product modeled.

PCR review, was conducted by Jack Geibig, EcoForm

Approved February 12, 2015 - February 11, 2020

Independent verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO 14025:2006 and ISO 21930:2007. internal external

Third party verifierGerard Mansell

Table of ContentsProduct and Company Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cover

Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Product Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Material Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Production of Main Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Product Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Life Cycle Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Life Cycle Assessment Stages and Reported EPD Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Product Life Cycle Flow Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Life Cycle Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Life Cycle Impact Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

a

© 2015 SCSglobalServices.com 3


PRODUCT DESCRIPTION:ELEVATIONS and ELEVATIONS LOFT - a revolutionary design in

floating tile and plank floor technology. Both the ELEVATIONS and

ELEVATIONS LOFT lines of Gorilla Floors LVT products include a

strong durable ceramic, water resistant coating, non-skid backing

and a high-grade fiberglass sheet for stability on the floor. The

unique design of ELEVATIONS and ELEVATIONS LOFT allows the

planks and tiles to be installed over all types of subfloors including

natural wood, concrete, one layer of existing vinyl, ceramic and

uneven subfloors. The flooring is water resistant so that it can be

installed in moisture prone areas where wood flooring and laminate products would not be used. The manufacturing

process and physical construction of the ELEVATIONS and ELEVATIONS LOFT lines are identical. ELEVATIONS is a 5 mm

product with a 12 or 20 mil wear layer. ELEVATIONS LOFT is a 4 mm product with a 6 mil wear layer.

PRODUCT APPLICATIONS: Vinyl tile used in indoor commercial applications in a variety of industries, including retail, hospitality and healthcare.

ELEVATIONS is warrantied for medium to heavy commercial applications. ELEVATIONS LOFT is warrantied for residential

and light commercial applications. Both ELEVATIONS and ELEVATIONS LOFT can be installed over all types of subfloors,

including natural wood, concrete, one layer of existing vinyl, ceramic and uneven subfloors. Flooring provides durability,

performance and aesthetic appeal to building interiors.

MATERIAL CONTENT Table 1. Material content table for Elevations and Elevations Loft.

Component Materials Mass %Availability

Origin of Raw Materials

Renewable Non-Renewable Recycled

PVC Recycled PVC Compound 37.0%

100% Recycled Content

Global

Filler Calcium Carbonate 34.8% Non-Renewable

Contains some recycled

contentGlobal

PVC Suspension PVC Polymer 19.5% Non-Renewable

Contains some recycled

contentGlobal

Plasticizer DOTP 6.7% Non-RenewableContains

some recycled content

Global

Stabilizer Proprietary Formulation 1.1% Non-Renewable Global

Others below 1%

Proprietary Formulation 0.8% Non-Renewable Global

No undisclosed materials are required to be listed based on the reporting criteria of section 4.1 of the PCR.

G88 ADVANCED COATING SYSTEM

EMBOSSED WEAR LAYER

HI DEFINITION PRINTED FILM

EXTRA SILENCING LAYER

FIBERGLASS SOLID LAYER

CORE LAYER (Recycled)

BALANCING SHEET

GRAVITY GRIP

™

4


PRODUCTION OF MAIN MATERIALS:Recycled PVC: Polyvinyl Chloride from recycled post and pre-consumer resources. Recycled stock is collected and then

separated through mechanical and chemical processes. Material is then extruded into PVC pellets to be used in the

product.

Virgin PVC: Thermoplastic polymer of vinyl chloride. The majority of production is derived from Ethylene, which is sourced

from the oil and gas industry.

Plasticizer: Dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP): Organic compound produced from terephthalic acid and ethylhexanol. Utilized

to increase the flexibility of PVC raw material.

Stabilizer: Common stabilizers used in the vinyl tile industry tend to be produced primarily from zinc, calcium and tin.

PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS:Table 2. Summary of Product Characteristics.

Characteristics Average Value Unit Maximum Value

Minimum Value

Product Thickness (ELEVATIONS)5

(.197)mm

(inch)5

(.197)2.5

(.098)

Product Thickness (ELEVATIONS LOFT)4

(.157)mm

(inch)4

(.157)2.5

(.098)

Wear Layer Thickness (ELEVATIONS).305 or .508 (.012” - .020”)

mm (inch)

.305 (.020”)

.508 (.012”)

Wear Layer Thickness (ELEVATIONS LOFT).1524 (.006”)

mm (inch)

.1524 (.006”)

.1524 (.006”)

Average Product Weight8,380 (27.46)

g/m2

(oz/ft2)

Product Form:

Planks

Width:179.832 (7.08”)

mm (inch)

Length:1.2

(3.94’)M

(feet)

Tiles Dimension:304.8 x 609.6

(12” x 24”)mm

(inch)

VOC Emissions Test Method CDPH/EHLB Standard Method v1.1 - 2010

Additional Characteristics According to NSF/ANSI 332 None

Sustainable Certifications Floorscore® IAQ Certification



LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT: The underlying LCA for this EPD includes the Sourcing/Extraction, Manufacturing, Delivery and Installation, Use, and End-

of-Life phases, as defined by the product category PCR. The LCA was confirmed to be in conformance to ISO14040/ISO

14044 through independent review by SCS.

Description of Functional Unit:

This report represents 1 meter square (1 M2) of finished Luxury Vinyl Tile (LVT). The lifetime of the product is assumed to

be 30 years, although the actual lifetime of the product may vary due to floor traffic, maintenance program and aesthetics.

As required by the Product Category Rules, the time horizon of this assessment is 60 years.

Cut-off criteria:

Material inputs greater than 1% (based on total mass of the final product) were included within the scope of analysis.

Material inputs less than 1% were included if sufficient data was available to warrant inclusion and/or the material input

was thought to have significant environmental impact. Cumulative excluded material inputs and environmental impacts

are less than 5%, based on weight of the functional unit.

Allocation:

Where possible allocation was avoided. However, when allocation was used, it was calculated on a physical basis. For

example, primary energy was allocated based on physical units of production measured in square meters. Allocated raw

material inputs were checked against outputs of the manufacturing unit process using a mass balance calculation. Also of

relevance to the study is the method in which recycled materials were handled. Throughout the study recycled materials

were accounted for via the cut-off method. Under this method, impacts and benefits associated with the previous life of

a raw material from recycled stock are excluded from the system boundary. All upstream collection, transportation and

reprocessing of recycled materials to to be used in the product are included.

Background Data

Unit processes were developed with Gabi version 6.107, drawing upon data from multiple sources. Primary data were

provided by NOX Industries. The primary sources of secondary LCI data were: GaBi Databases.

Extraction of Raw Material

Processing of Raw Material

Use and Maintenance

Manufacture of Flooring Product

End of life (recycling,

landfill, incineration)

6


Table 3. Background data sources table.

Material Data Source Date Material Data Source Date

Suspension PVC Polymer

US: Polyvinylchloride granulate (Suspension, S-PVC) PE

2012, Valid until 2015 Landfill of waste US: Landfilling of plastic waste

PE <p-agg> 2012, Valid until 2015

DOTP Plasticiser DE: Di-isononyl phthalate (DINP) PE

2012, Valid until 2015

Fuel to ship waste to Landfill

CN: Diesel mix at filling station PE 2010, Valid until 2015

Filler (CaCO3) US: Limestone flour (5mm) PE 2012, Valid until 2015

Upstream Transportation from

factory to port

GLO: Truck-Trilor, diesel driven, Euro 3, cargo 2012, Valid until 2015

Stabiliser GLO: Special high grade zinc ELCD/IZA


Upstream ocean bound shipping

to USGLO: Container ship PE <u-so> 2012, Valid until 2015

Pigment Below cut-off level N/AShipping from port

to storage and installation site.

US: Truck - Trailer, basic enclosed / 45,000 lb payload -

8b PE <u-so>2012, Valid until 2015

Polyurethane Coating

US: Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU, TPE-U) adhesive PE


Fuel for Upstream Transportation from

factory to portCN:Diesel mix at filling station 2010, Valid until 2015

Glass Fibre US: Glass fibres PE 2012, Valid until 2015

Fuel for Ocean Bound shipping CN:Diesel mix at filling station 2010, Valid until 2015

Recycle PVC Compound

US: Plastic recycling (unspecified, high metal contamination) PE

<p-agg>


Fuel shipping from port to storage and

installation site.US: Diesel mix at refinery PE 2010, Valid until 2015

Closed Loop PVC Internal Closed Loop PVC <u-so> 2014 Polyurethane US: Thermoplastic polyurethane

(TPU, TPE-U) adhesive PE 2012, Valid until 2015

PalletsUS: Rough green lumber,

softwood, at sawmill, US PNW USLCI/PE

2009 EVAUS: Ethylene Vinylacetate Copolymer (E/VA) (72%

Ethylene, 28% Vinylacetate) PE2012, Valid until 2015

Cardboard Box

EU-27: Corrugated board incl. paper production, average

composition 2012 PE/FEFCO [p-agg]

2013 Water US: Water deionized PE 2012, Valid until 2015

Plastics film and bands

US: Polyethylene film (LDPE/PE-LD) PE


Shipping installation materials to landfill



Down Stream Transportation

GLO: Truck-Trilor, diesel driven, Euro 3, cargo


Landfilling of installation materials

US: Landfilling of plastic waste PE <p-agg> 2012, Valid until 2015

Fuel of Transportation CN:Diesel mix at filling station 2010, Valid

until 2015Water for Cleaning

over lifetime US: Water deionized PE 2012, Valid until 2015

Natural Gas for production

CN: Thermal energy from natural gas PE


Electricity for Cleaning over

lifetime

US: Electricity grid mix (egrid) (production mix) 2010, Valid until 2015

Diesel for production CN: Diesel mix at filling station PE 2010, Valid

until 2015 Detergent

GLO: Detergent (fatty acid sulfonate derivate); technology

mix; production mix, at producer; PE


Electricity for production CN: Electricity grid mix PE 2010, Valid

until 2015

Municipal Waste water treatment

from cleaning and maintenance

US: Municipal waste water treatment (mix) PE 2012, Valid until 2015

Process Water for Production EU-27: Process water PE 2012, Valid

until 2015

Shipping from installation site to

landfill at EOL



Shipping Waste to Landfill

GLO: Truck-Trilor, diesel driven, Euro 3, cargo

2012, Valid until 2015 Landfilling US: Landfilling of plastic waste

PE <p-agg> 2012, Valid until 2015

7


Data quality and data quality assessment

Table 4. Data Quality of Life Cycle Inventory Table.

Data Quality Parameter Data Quality Discussion

Time-Related Coverage: Age of data and the minimum length of time over which data

should be collected

Overall time coverage of all datasets is excellent and meets the requirement of the PCR that no background data is older than 10 years.

Geographical Coverage: Geographical area from which data for unit processes should be

collected to satisfy the goal of the study

Manufacturing geographic coverage of background data is poor. This is due to the limited life cycle based data coming from South Korea. The Geographic coverage of non-manufacturing related datasets is good. Most downstream

processes are specific to the United States where better industry wide LCA data is available.

Technology Coverage: Specific technology or technology mix

Overall technological coverage is good and represents best available data for company specific value chain

LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT STAGES AND REPORTED EPD INFORMATION

Sourcing/extraction (raw material acquisition) stage

This stage includes the extraction of virgin materials from the earth and the initial processing of extracted material by raw

material suppliers. For materials from recycled feedstock, the collection, sorting and reprocessing of these materials is

included. Shipping of processed raw materials to the site of packaging is included, as are packaging materials required for

shipping.

Manufacturing stage

This stage of the life cycle begins when the raw materials are received at the manufacturing facility. Production is

completed when the final product is packaged for shipping to the customer. Energy sources utilized in production include

both electrical and thermal energy. Water is also utilized in the process. The use of packaging materials necessary to ship

the product to the customer is accounted for in this stage of the LCA.

Production waste

Production waste is minimized through reclamation and reuse of PVC waste generated in the manufacturing process.

Other materials are recycled through local recycling operations.

Delivery and installation stage

Delivery

The delivery stage includes truck shipping of the finished product from Korean Manufacturing facility to nearest Korean

seaport (100 km), container vessel shipping from Korean port to US port (16000 km) and truck shipping to warehouse and

installation site (500 km).

Installation

Flooring is installed with a pressure sensitive adhesive. The recommended Pressure Sensitive Adhesive to accomplish this

is R88 Gravity Grip Spray Locking Adhesive. Recommended installation instructions can be found at http://www.raskinind.

com/installation-warranty/

8


Waste

Waste created during the installation process can be recycled or disposed of through local waste handling options.

Packaging

Table 3. Packaging Material Table.

Material Category

Cardboard Box Paper Product, recyclable in most municipal markets.

Polyester Straps Plastic product, recyclable in most municipal markets.

Polythene Wrap Plastic product, recyclable in most municipal markets.

Wood Wood product, likely recyclable.

Use stage

Use of the flooring covering: The reference service life (RSL) of the product is 30 years under a moderate use scenario

in commercial, residential and/or industrial interiors.

Cleaning and maintenance: Manufacturer recommended cleaning procedures can be found at http://www.raskinind.

com/installation-warranty/. For the purposes of this EPD, a use scenario based on industry average was used. Cleaning

inputs include a mild detergent, electricity and water.

Table 4. Cleaning and Maintenance Table.

Level of use Cleaning process Cleaning frequency Consumption of energy and resources

Commercial Dust Mop Daily None

Commercial Damp mop WeeklyHot WaterElectricity

Neutral Detergent

End-of-Life stage

Recycling, reuse, or repurpose

For the purposes of the LCA, all flooring waste is assumed to be sent to landfill.

Disposal

Product can be disposed of in municipal landfills subject to local regulations. For the purposes of this EPD, it is assumed

that all products are sent to the landfill at the end of their useful life.



PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE FLOW DIAGRAM:

Sourcing andExtraction

Transportation Energy

Manufacturing

End-of-Life

Delivery and Installation

Note: Some reclamation or recycling optionsmay exist at the end of the life of the product. However, for the purposes of the LCA, we have conservatively assumed all material is sent to a landfill.

Manufacturing

Use of Product

DOPT Extraction and processing

Others below 1% Extraction

and Processing

Stabilizer Extraction

and Processing

Packaging materials

Calcium Carbonate Extraction

and Processing

PVC Extractionand Processing

Installation

Use and Maintenance

Landfill

Water Waste Outputs

Manufacturing andSupply of Pressure Sensitive Adhesive

Neutral Detergent

10


LIFE CYCLE INVENTORY The following flows are to be disclosed per the requirements of ISO21930. Results are for 1-m2 of flooring for 1 year.

Elevations

Aggregated Flow Value Unit

Depletion of non-renewable energy resources 7.1 kg

Depletion of non-renewable material resources 22 kg

Use of renewable material resources 4,800 kg

Use of primary energy 280 MJ

Consumption of freshwater 71 kg

Radioactive Waste 4.5x10-3 kg

Hazardous Waste 0 kg

Non-Hazardous Waste 24 kg

Elevations Loft

Aggregated Flow Value Unit

Depletion of non-renewable energy resources 5.9 kg

Depletion of non-renewable material resources 18 kg

Use of renewable material resources 4,200 kg

Use of primary energy 230 MJ

Consumption of freshwater 62 kg

Radioactive Waste 3.7x10-3 kg

Hazardous Waste 0 kg

Non-Hazardous Waste 20 kg



LIFE CYCLE IMPACT ASSESSMENTAll results presented below have been calculated using the CML 2001 Nov 2013 characterization method.

Impact declaration and use stage normalization

Table A. Cradle to Install and End of life for 1 m2 of flooring for 1 year. Elevations and Elevations Loft.

Elevations

Impact Category Units Sourcing and

Extraction Manufacturing Delivery & Installation End of life Total

Photochemical Ozone Creation

Potentialkg C2H4 eq 5.3x10-3 1.5x10-3 3.3x10-3 3.3x10-3 1.4x10-2

Potential for Global Warming, 100 year

time horizonkg CO2 eq 9.9 2.8 2.2 0.49 15

Stratospheric Ozone Depletion

Potentialkg CFC-11 eq 3.6x10-8 2.5x10-12 7.3x10-12 8.6x10-12 3.6x10-8

Eutrophication Potential kg PO4 eq 2.5x10-3 2.4x10-3 6.1x10-3 3.2x10-3 1.4x10-2

Acidification Potential kg SO2 eq 2.3x10-2 1.9x10-2 5.8x10-2 7.0x10-3 0.11

Abiotic Depletion Potential, Elements kg Sb eq 1.6x10-4 1.2x10-7 3.0x10-7 1.6x10-7 1.6x10-4

Abiotic Depletion Potential, Fossil MJ 200 280 290 7.3 260

Primary energy – non-renewable MJ 210 29 30 7.5 270

Primary energy – renewable MJ 5.6 2.6 9.9x10-2 0.29 8.6

12


Elevations Loft


Extraction Manufacturing Delivery & Installation End of life Total


Potentialkg C2H4 eq 4.3x10-3 1.5x10-3 2.5x10-3 2.5x10-3 1.1x10-2


time horizonkg CO2 eq 7.9 2.8 1.7 0.37 13


Potentialkg CFC-11 eq 2.9x10-8 2.5x10-12 7.1x10-12 6.5x10-12 2.9x10-8

Eutrophication Potential kg PO4 eq 2.1x10-3 2.4x10-3 4.7x10-3 2.4x10-3 1.2x10-2

Acidification Potential kg SO2 eq 1.8x10-2 1.9x10-2 4.4x10-2 5.3x10-3 8.62x10-2

Abiotic Depletion Potential, Elements kg Sb eq 1.3x10-4 1.2x10-7 2.8x10-7 1.2x10-7 1.3x10-4

Abiotic Depletion Potential, Fossil MJ 160 28 23 5.5 210

Primary energy – non-renewable MJ 160 29 23 5.7 220

Primary energy – renewable MJ 4.6 2.6 8.2x10-2 0.22 7.6

Table B. Average 1-year use stage impacts for 1 m2 flooring. Elevations and Elevations Loft.

Elevations and Elevations Loft

Impact Category Units Use & Maintenance

Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential kg C2H4 eq 1.2x10-5

Potential for Global Warming, 100 year time horizon kg CO2 eq 4.6x10-2

Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Potential kg CFC-11 eq 4.0x10-12

Eutrophication Potential kg PO4 eq 7.1x10-5

Acidification Potential kg SO2 eq 1.2x10-4

Abiotic Depletion Potential, Elements kg Sb eq 2.6x10-7

Abiotic Depletion Potential, Fossil MJ 0.45

Primary energy – non-renewable MJ 0.54

Primary energy – renewable MJ 5.7x10-2



List of Use and Maintenance Activities to accompany Table B.

Maintenance Activity Frequency over user defined RSL of product

Dust Mop Daily

Daily Weekly

Table C. Life Cycle Stage Impacts for a building life of 60 years, for 1 –m2 of flooring. Elevations and Elevations Loft.

ElevationsUser Defined Reference Service Life 30 Years

Number of Installations over 60 years 2


Extraction Manufacturing Delivery & Installation Use End of life Total


Potentialkg C2H4 eq 1.1x10-2 3.0x10-3 6.7x10-3 7.4x10-4 6.6x10-3 2.8x10-2


time horizonkg CO2 eq 19 5.7 4.4 3.7 0.97 34


Potentialkg CFC-11 eq 7.2x10-8 5.0x10-12 1.5x10-11 2.4x10-10 1.7x10-11 7.2x10-8

Eutrophication Potential kg PO4 eq 5.1x10-3 4.9x10-3 1.2x10-2 4.2x10-3 6.4x10-3 3.3x10-2

Acidification Potential kg SO2 eq 4.5x10-2 3.8x10-2 0.12 7.0x10-3 1.4x10-2 0.22

Abiotic Depletion Potential, Elements kg Sb eq 3.2x10-4 2.3x10-7 6.0x10-7 1.5x10-5 3.2x10-7 3.4x10-4

Abiotic Depletion Potential, Fossil MJ 390 57 59 27 15 550

Primary energy – non-renewable MJ 410 58 59 33 15 580

Primary energy – renewable MJ 11 5.3 0.20 3.4 0.57 21

14


Table C. Life Cycle Stage Impacts for a building life of 60 years, for 1 –m2 of flooring. Elevations and Elevations Loft.

Elevations LoftUser Defined Reference Service Life 30 Years

Number of Installations over 60 years 2


Extraction Manufacturing Delivery & Installation Use End of life Total


Potentialkg C2H4 eq 8.6x10-3 3.0x10-3 5.1x10-3 7.4x10-4 5.0x10-3 2.2x10-2


time horizonkg CO2 eq 16 5.6 3.3 2.7 0.74 28


Potentialkg CFC-11 eq 5.7x10-8 5.0x10-12 1.4x10-11 2.4x10-10 1.3x10-11 5.8x10-8

Eutrophication Potential kg PO4 eq 4.1x10-3 4.9x10-3 9.4x10-3 4.2x10-3 4.9x10-3 2.7x10-2

Acidification Potential kg SO2 eq 3.6x10-2 3.8x10-2 8.8x10-2 7.0x10-3 1.1x10-2 0.18

Abiotic Depletion Potential, Elements kg Sb eq 2.6x10-4 2.3x10-7 5.6x10-7 1.5x10-5 2.5x10-7 2.8x10-4

Abiotic Depletion Potential, Fossil MJ 310 57 45 27 11 450

Primary energy – non-renewable MJ 330 58 45 33 11 480

Primary energy – renewable MJ 9.3 5.3 0.16 3.4 0.43 19



REFERENCES:1. Life Cycle Assessment Raskin Industries Elevations LVT. WAP Sustainability Consulting. Dec. 2014.

2. Product Category Rule (PCR) for preparing an Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) for Flooring: Carpet, Resilient,

Laminate, Ceramic, Wood. NSF International. May 22, 2012.

3. SCS Type III Environmental Declaration Program: Program Operator Manual v4.0. November 2014. SCS Global Services

4. ISO 14044: 2006 Environmental Management – Life cycle assessment – Requirements and Guidelines.

5. ISO 14025:2006 Environmental labels and declarations – Type III environmental declarations – Principles and

Procedures.

6. Bare, J., et al. TRACI – The Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and Other Environmental Impacts.

Journal of Industrial Ecology. Volume 6, no. 3-4 (2003). http://mitpress.mit.edu/jie

©2015 SCS Global Services

For more information contactSCS Global Services

2000 Powell Street, Ste. 600Emeryville, CA 94608 USA

main +1.510.452.8000 | fax +1.510.452.8001

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