environmental policy of the eu

7/24/2019 Environmental Policy of the EU

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Sarajevo School of Science and

TechnologyCourse: Basics of EU politics

Instructor: Adnan HuskiSarajevo! "# $ece%&er "#'(

)ord count: "*+,

Nejra Hodi

E-.I/0-1E-TA2 302IC4 05 THE EU


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Contents

I6 Introduction66666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666+

II6 /ationale &ehind co%%on environ%ental policy66666666666666666666666666666666(

II6' 7lo&al nature of the issue66666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666(

II6" Single %arket666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666 (

III6 $eveloping EU environ%ental policy666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666668

III6' 2egislation6666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666 8

III6" I%ple%entation66666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666 *

I.6 The scope of the EU environ%ental policy6666666666666666666666666666666666666669.6 Conclusion666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666''

.I6 /eferences66666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666'"

Appendi I6666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666'(

Appendi II666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666'8

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I. Introduction

5ro% the second half of the t;entieth century and &eyond! the

environ%ent has &eco%e a ;eighty o&ject of countries< policies ;orld;ide6

The rationale is very si%ple = industriali>ation that ;as reaching its peak

&egan to leave serious %arks on the nature ;hich it used to thrive on6 The

fear of the possi&le resource ehaustion and the a;areness that eploitation

%ust re%ain ;ithin the &oundaries of reason translated into national policies6

-evertheless! the process of politico?econo%ic integration that ;as taking

place in the )estern Europe at the ti%e opened the possi&ility to the creation

of co%%on environ%ent policy for all %e%&ers of the integrating entity rather

than separate national legislatures6 1ore speci@cally! Environ%ent $irectorate

7eneral of the European Co%%ission


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II. Rationale behind EU environmental

policy

II.1 lobal nature o! the issue

0ne of the %ost co%%on reasons for agree%ent upon the creation of

the EU environ%ental policy is the very nature of the issue6 Environ%ent

stands as a contrast to political ;orld sharply divided into sovereign states

&ecause it is inevita&ly interconnected6 To illustrate the point ? the eploitation

of ;oods in /ussia %ay lead to change of cli%ate in Turkey or the distur&ance

of &iodiversity in the 1editerranean Sea %ay reect in food shortage in

Atlantic 0cean6 -atural o&stacles and potential for natural disasters generates

glo&al or in the case of the European Union = regional cooperation6 This is the

si%ilar line of thinking that stands &ehind the nuclear non?proliferation goal it

endangers the ;hole of hu%anity regardless of the place of initiali>ation6

According to the European Co%%ission! there are concrete reasons to support

the glo&al nature of the issue: DOur behaviour makes huge demands on the

planet. During the 20th century, the world increased its use of fossil fuels by a

factor of 12 and extracted ! times more material resources. Demand for

food, animal feed and "bre may increase by #0 $ by 20%0. &f we carry on

using resources at the current rate, we will need more than two planets to

sustain us "#'(6D -evertheless! there are glo&al solutions i%ple%ented

through the U- or other international organi>ations that atte%pt to address

this issue6 There is still lack of a;areness glo&ally that environ%ental issuestackle not only health! &ut also survival of the %ankind6 Thus! so far the %ajor

reason for creation of environ%ental policies in the EU lays so%e;here else

and the uestion of ho; the glo&al nature of the pro&le% connects to regional

policy decision?%aking level of the EU should &e asked at this point6

II." #in$le mar%et

The need for regional cooperation upon a glo&ally relevant issueconnects to the EU through one of the %ost i%portant %otives for the

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integration = econo%ic cooperation and single %arket6 The free %ove%ent of

goods ;ithin the co%%on %arket ;ould &e aJected if each EU state had

diJerent standards for products put on sale on its %arket6 1oussis eplains

ho; this could happen on a speci@c ea%ple: 'he country, which laid down

more stringent standards than its neighbours, for example, on restrictions on

the noise of certain engines or on the exhaust emissions of motor vehicles,

would impede imports of related products from other countries. (rotection

against pollution and noise could thus )uickly deteriorate into protection

against foreign products. &n other words, national environment policy could be

used to thwart the internal market in a very subtle manner "#''6F 0n the

other hand! co%%on environ%ental policy %ay hugely add to gro;th! jo&s

and uality of life6 So%e of the ;ays through ;hich these changes aJect the

EU econo%y is creation of incentive in green technologies! resource eKciency

and energy costs6 5irst! the drive for progress and co%petitive %arket forces

;ork the &est in the @elds that are innovative such as green technologies6 The

de%and for such products is increased and a ;hole ne; %arket &ranch is

opened once the environ%ental policy is esta&lished6 Second! the shift of

focus to rene;a&le resources %akes the ;hole process of production %ore

eJective and less dependent there is less risk that the production %ight &e

shut do;n &ecause the prices of resources ;ent up or the resource is

ehausted6 2ast! the energy eKciency reduces the costs and %ore can &e

%ade ;ith less6 Hence! these environ%ental %easures have a positive i%pact

on jo& creation! pu&lic health and healthcare costs! as ;ell as energy security

i&id6 The European Co%%ission ter%s such ne; develop%ents and

tendencies a circular economy ;here&y Dgreater resource e*ciency and

turning waste into a resource creates huge +ob opportunities in traditional and

new sectors. &t involves challenging development work to design products

that use recycled materials and can be recycled in turn. &t will need engineers

and technicians to work in waste recycling, renewable energy and energy

e*ciency "#'(6F The EU econo%y &ased on these grounds %ight &ring

positive results in the long ter%! &oth through securing the nature fro%

potential disasters and &y revolutioni>ing the %arket6

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III. &evelopin$ EU environmental policy

III.1 'e$islation

The EU has passed over "## la;s to protect the environ%ent since the

'9*#s European Co%%ission! "#'(6 European environ%ent policy is &ased

on Article '*( of the Treaty esta&lishing the European Co%%unity and its

purpose is to ensure the sustainable development of the uropean model of

society whether through corrective measures relating to speci"c

environmental problems or cross-cutting measures integrated within other

policy areas Europa! n6d66D 3asserelle clauses introduced &y The 2is&on

Treaty allo;ed for usage of ordinary legislative procedure although speci@c

procedures have previously &een laid do;n i&id6 According to the Treaty on

the 5unctioning of the EU! Article '9" the uropean (arliament and the

ouncil, acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure and after

consulting the conomic and /ocial ommittee and the ommittee of the

egions, shall decide what action is to be taken by the nion in order to

achieve the ob+ectives referred to in rticle 131 See Appendi ' for Treaty

ecerpts6D Ho;ever! in order for the legislation to even &e considered there

are t;o i%portant preconditions6 5irst! the population of the EU ought to

epress interest in and approval of the policies intended to &e legislated6 This

is not an o&ligatory step! &ut helps ensure legiti%acy and retain popular

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9GO

GO

(ttitudes o! European citi)ens to*ards the environment

Environ%ent has the i%pact on life Huality

Environ%ent does not have the i%pact on life Huality

5igure '6 T-S 0pinion N Social /eport: Attitudes of European Citi>ensto;ards the Environ%ent "#'(

It discovered that 9GO of the EU citi>ens think environ%ental issues have a

si%ilar i%pact on their uality of life as the econo%y

1aga>ine Environ%ent for Europeans! "#'(6 The i%plications of such pu&lic

opinion are the ease%ent of the conditions under ;hich the environ%ental

legislation is passed6 Second! the ideas and drafts for future legislation are

usually dra;n fro% &ig EU su%%its or researches perfor%ed &y theCo%%ission6 5or ea%ple! the 2i%a Cli%ate Change conference that took

place fro% '?'( $ece%&er this year revealed the discrepancy &et;een the

EU! US and the rest of the ;orld ;hen they de%anded strict rules for pushing

countries to %eet their pledges 7odsden! "#'(6 2i%a conference produced

very ;eak results and left %ost of the rules voluntary this could result in

either stronger support for EU?&ased la;s or lead to ;atering do;n of the

sa%e legislation6 0n the other hand! the research &ased la; proposals fro%the Co%%ission include currently upheld Europe "#"# Strategy = a European

strategy for s%art! sustaina&le and inclusive gro;th Europe "#"#! "#'(6 D

Co%%ission de%anded surveys of pu&lic opinion! policy eKciency and

econo%ic develop%ent in order to create a strategy that ;ould address all the

shortco%ings of previous la;s and ensure that the EU is %oving in the

direction of sustaina&ility and circular econo%y See Appendi " for EU "#"#

Strategy6

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III." Implementation

The challenge lies in eJective i%ple%entation of the legislation since it

counts for little if not properly applied and enforced6 I%ple%entation can &e a

very co%ple process &ecause %any diJerent tasks are perfor%ed &y diversegroups ranging fro% national inspectors and courts to -70s and citi>ens

eercising their participatory rights I%ple%entation of Co%%unity

environ%ental legislation! "#'(6 Co%%ission %ay turn to several

i%ple%entation %echanis%s on &oth regional and national level6 The %ost

serious approach is to open an infringe%ent procedure'&efore the European

Court of Pustice ;hen particular environ%ental regulations are not respected

&y a 1e%&er state European Co%%ission?Environ%ent! "#'(6 The i%pacthere is t;ofold6 5irst! the govern%ent of the state &rought &efore the court

looses the reputation and generates a for% of resent%ent fro% all other

states that %ake eJorts to follo; the environ%ental la;s6 Second! the state

%ay receive @nancial @nes for repeatedly violating the environ%ental la;s of

the European Union6 -evertheless! this for% of DforcefulF i%ple%entation is

usually the last resort of the Co%%ission6 0ther %ethods that involve

cooperation ;ith national govern%ents include capacity?&uilding! @nancialsupport! &uilding data&ases or using %arket %echanis%s6 So%eti%es!

Co%%ission suggests the creation of an independent national &ody"to handle

environ%ent?related co%plaints fro% the pu&lic i&id6 In order for so%e

policies to &e reali>a&le! even %arket regulations %ay &e introduced6

According to the ECMs report on Environ%ent: D'he market is one cost-

e4ective way to protect and improve the environment and ease pressure on

scarce resources. 'axes and subsidies can be used to act as incentives or

' It is the Co%%issionMs responsi&ility under Article '*' of the Treaty on EuropeanUnion to ensure that &oth the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the5unctioning of the European Union as ;ell as %easures adopted pursuant to the%are correctly applied6 The Co%%ission is therefore often referred to as the Q7uardianof the TreatiesQ I%ple%entation of Co%%unity environ%ental legislation! "#'(6

" 0%&uds%an is needed for pu&lic feed&ack on particular issues! or in this caseenviron%ental policy6 This &ody can &e very useful &ecause so%e policies are %ore

diKcult to i%ple%ent and need the concrete feed&ack fro% the @eld in order to&eco%e fully reali>ed6

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deterrents to persuade companies and consumers to opt for greener

manufacturing methods and products. 5any already exist, such as fees for

cutting trees or disposing of waste "#'(6D 2ately! the general direction

to;ards ;hich the EU is going ;ith this %ethod is less regulation though6 The

increasing trend is to create and gather data sets on causes and eJects of

environ%ental changes fro% national sources in order to create a European

data&ase suita&le for analysis &y European Environ%ent Agency i&id6 The

output of this analysis is used to shape environ%ental policy that can easily

&e i%ple%ented &ecause there is a thorough research &ehind the need for it6

Ulti%ately! i%ple%entation %ay produce pro@t for the countries %anifesting it

properly6 5or ea%ple!if EU ;aste legislation is fully applied it ;ould generate

(## ### jo&s and reduce annual net costs &y EU/ *" &illion I%ple%enting EU

)aste 2egislation for 7reen 7ro;th! "#''6The uality and etent of the

i%ple%entation is pro&a&ly the %ost i%portant seg%ent of developing

environ%ental policy6

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I+. ,he scope o! the EU environmental

policy

A &road range of environ%ental legislation has &een enacted over the past

(# years6 The current *thEnviron%ent Action 3rogra%%e+! ;hich runs until

"#"#! illustrates the ai%s that should result fro% the e%ployed legislation:

6&n 20%0, we live well, within the planet7s ecological limits. Our

prosperity and healthy environment stem from an innovative,

circular economy where nothing is wasted and where natural

resources are managed sustainably, and biodiversity is protected,

valued and restored in ways that enhance our society7s resilience.

Our low-carbon growth has long been decoupled from resource use,

setting the pace for a safe and sustainable global society 8201!9.6

EA3 "#"# also identi@es the %ethods ;hich ought to &e used ;hen reali>ing

this vision6 Better i%ple%entation of legislation! &etter infor%ation through

kno;ledge?&ased progress! %ore invest%ent for environ%ent policy and its

integration into other policies re%ain as the prior steps to &e undertaken6 The

environ%ental challenges have evolved over history6 Each Action 3lan had toadapt to the eisting realities hence! in '9*#s the EU focused on traditional

su&jects such as protecting species! i%proving air uality and reducing ;ater

pollution European Co%%ission?Environ%ent! "#'(6 Today! the focus shifted

to the interconnectedness of diJerent su&jects on the glo&al level or si%ply it

shifted fro% restoring the disrupted to preventing the very act of degradation6

EA3 "#"# descri&es three priority areas in ;hich the action needs to take

place6 The @rst area concerns natural capital = fertile and productive land!fresh ;ater! clean air and &iodiversity underlying it all * thEA3! "#'(6 The EU

has already taken so%e legally &inding %oves to ensure the @rst area of

environ%ental policies reali>ation6 5or ea%ple! the )ater 5ra%e;ork

$irective! the Air Ruality $irective! and the Ha&itats and Birds $irectives have

all &een enacted so far i&id6 Second area relates to the conditions that ;ill

contri&ute to transfor%ation of the EU into a resource?eKcient! lo;?car&on

+ Adopted in -ove%e&er "#'+! entered into force in Panuary "#'(6

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econo%y6 Here! a particular attention is given to turning ;aste into resource!

eKcient use of ;ater and environ%ental technologiesservices develop%ent

i&id6 It is predicted that the glo&al %arket for eco?industries value of a

trillion Euros ;ill dou&le over the net '# years therefore giving an additional

i%petus to the develop%ent of second EA3 "#"# policy area6 The last

seg%ent covers hu%an health and ;ell?&eing challenges including ;ater

pollution! etortionate noise and toic che%icals i&id6 )orld Health

0rgani>ation reports that al%ost "#O of deaths in Europe are caused &y

environ%ental factors 3reventing disease through healthy environ%ents!

"##86 5or instance! "" +## Europeans die pre%aturely fro% coal pollution per

year .idal! "#'+6 Therefore! the EA3 "#"# invests into develop%ent of :a

non-toxic environment and proposes to address risks associated with the use

of chemicals in products and chemical mixtures*thEA3! "#'(6D Although the

European Union has so%e of the highest ;orld standards ;hen the

environ%ent is concerened! there is still a lot to achieve6 The scope of the

environ%ental policy %ay again &e governed &y the circu%stances of future

&ut it ;ill inevita&ly &e inuenced &y the successes or failures of the current

Environ%ent Action 3lan fouced around three descri&ed areas.

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+. Conclusion

$espite the EU environ%ental policy &eing one of the successful eJorts EU

leadership engaged into! it faces %any o&stacles on the ;ay to transfor% the

future of the co%%unity6 So%e of the %ost acute ones are the insta&ility in

the EU @nancial %arket! uncertainties over econo%ic and jo& prospects and

struggle to keep austerity regi%es Institute for European Environ%ental

3olicy! "#'"6 These currents led 1e%&er states to uestion their very

%e%&ership in the union and not least the policies ;ith co%%on presage6

Although the past couple of years in the EU aJairs have &een increasinglypreoccupied ;ith the issue of %ore or less regulation! this has not directly

reected on the environ%ental policy6 The possi&ility that the changes in the

econo%ic structure or level of political cooperation ;ithin the Union ;ill %ore

directly shape the DsoftF policy area still re%ains open6 0n the other hand!

the urgent environ%ental challenges such as increasing cli%ate change

threats! air and ;ater pollution as ;ell as ehaustion of oil resources ;ill call

for %ore united environ%ental policies glo&ally and on the level of the EU6Thus! even in a ti%e of econo%ic struggle and political turnovers! the

environ%ental concern should &eco%e a headstone for future of the EU

econo%y6

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European Co%%unity! '9G*6 'reaty of ome6 online European Union 3u&lication


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(ppendi- I

EXCERPTS FROM THE TREATY ON THE FUNCTIONING OF THE EU:

Srticle 131

(ex Article 174 TEC)

'6 Union policy on the environ%ent shall contri&ute to pursuit of the follo;ingo&jectives:

Z preserving! protecting and i%proving the uality of the environ%ent!

Z protecting hu%an health!

Z prudent and rational utilisation of natural resources!

Z pro%oting %easures at international level to deal ;ith regional or ;orld;ideenviron%ental pro&le%s! and in particular co%&ating cli%ate change6

"6 Union policy on the environ%ent shall ai% at a high level of protection taking intoaccount the diversity of situations in the various regions of the Union6 It shall &e&ased on the precautionary principle and on the principles that preventive actionshould &e taken! that environ%ental da%age should as a priority &e recti@ed at

source and that the polluter should pay6

In this contet! har%onisation %easures ans;ering environ%ental protectionreuire%ents shall include! ;here appropriate! a safeguard clause allo;ing 1e%&erStates to take provisional %easures! for non?econo%ic environ%ental reasons!su&ject to a procedure of inspection &y the Union6

+6 In preparing its policy on the environ%ent! the Union shall take account of:

Z availa&le scienti@c and technical data!

Z environ%ental conditions in the various regions of the Union!

Z the potential &ene@ts and costs of action or lack of action!

Z the econo%ic and social develop%ent of the Union as a ;hole and the &alanceddevelop%ent of its regions6

(6 )ithin their respective spheres of co%petence! the Union and the 1e%&er Statesshall cooperate ;ith third countries and ;ith the co%petent internationalorganisations6 The arrange%ents for Union cooperation %ay &e the su&ject ofagree%ents &et;een the Union and the third parties concerned6

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The previous su&paragraph shall &e ;ithout prejudice to 1e%&er StatesM co%petenceto negotiate in international &odies and to conclude international agree%ents6

rticle 132

(ex Article 17 TEC)

'6 The European 3arlia%ent and the Council! acting in accordance ;ith the ordinarylegislative procedure and after consulting the Econo%ic and Social Co%%ittee andthe Co%%ittee of the /egions! shall decide ;hat action is to &e taken &y the Union inorder to achieve the o&jectives referred to in Article '9'6

"6 By ;ay of derogation fro% the decision?%aking procedure provided for inparagraph ' and ;ithout prejudice to Article ''(! the Council acting unani%ously inaccordance ;ith a special legislative procedure and after consulting the European3arlia%ent! the Econo%ic and Social Co%%ittee and the Co%%ittee of the /egions!shall adopt:

a provisions pri%arily of a @scal nature

&

%easures aJecting:

Z to;n and country planning!

Z uantitative %anage%ent of ;ater resources or aJecting! directly or

indirectly! the availa&ility of those resources!

Z land use! ;ith the eception of ;aste %anage%ent

c

%easures signi@cantly aJecting a 1e%&er StateMs choice &et;een diJerentenergy sources and the general structure of its energy supply6

The Council! acting unani%ously on a proposal fro% the Co%%ission and afterconsulting the European 3arlia%ent! the Econo%ic and Social Co%%ittee and theCo%%ittee of the /egions! %ay %ake the ordinary legislative procedure applica&le tothe %atters referred to in the @rst su&paragraph6

+6 7eneral action progra%%es setting out priority o&jectives to &e attained shall &eadopted &y the European 3arlia%ent and the Council! acting in accordance ;ith theordinary legislative procedure and after consulting the Econo%ic and SocialCo%%ittee and the Co%%ittee of the /egions6

The %easures necessary for the i%ple%entation of these progra%%es shall &eadopted under the ter%s of paragraph ' or "! as the case %ay &e6

(6 )ithout prejudice to certain %easures adopted &y the Union! the 1e%&er Statesshall @nance and i%ple%ent the environ%ent policy6

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= The Q"#"#"#Q cli%ateenergy targets should &e %et including an

increase to +#O of e%issions reduction if the conditions are right6= The share of early school leavers should &e under '#O and at least

(#O of the younger generation should have a tertiary degree6

= "# %illion less people should &e at risk of poverty6

These targets are interrelated and critical to our overall success6 To ensure

that each 1e%&er State tailors the Europe "#"# strategy to its particular

situation! the Co%%ission proposes that EU goals are translated into national

targets and trajectories6

The targets are representative of the three priorities of s%art! sustaina&le and

inclusive gro;th &ut they are not ehaustive: a ;ide range of actions atnational! EU and international levels ;ill &e necessary to underpin the%6 The

Co%%ission is putting for;ard seven agship initiatives to catalyse progress

under each priority the%e:

= QInnovation UnionQ to i%prove fra%e;ork conditions and access to

@nance for research and innovation so as to ensure that innovative

ideas can &e turned into products and services that create gro;th and

jo&s6= Q4outh on the %oveQ to enhance the perfor%ance of education syste%s

and to facilitate the entry of young people to the la&our %arket6 E- 8 E-? QA digital agenda for EuropeQ to speed up the roll?out of high?speed

internet and reap the &ene@ts of a digital single %arket for households

and @r%s6= Q/esource eKcient EuropeQ to help decouple econo%ic gro;th fro% the

use of resources! support the shift to;ards a lo; car&on econo%y!

increase the use of rene;a&le energy sources! %odernise our transportsector and pro%ote energy eKciency6

= QAn industrial policy for the glo&alisation eraQ to i%prove the &usiness

environ%ent! nota&ly for S1Es! and to support the develop%ent of a

strong and sustaina&le industrial &ase a&le to co%pete glo&ally6= QAn agenda for ne; skills and jo&sQ to %odernise la&our %arkets and

e%po;er people &y developing their of skills throughout the lifecycle

;ith a vie; to increase la&our participation and &etter %atch la&our

supply and de%and! including through la&our %o&ility6

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= QEuropean platfor% against povertyQ to ensure social and territorial

cohesion such that the &ene@ts of gro;th and jo&s are ;idely shared

and people eperiencing poverty and social eclusion are ena&led to

live in dignity and take an active part in society6

These seven agship initiatives ;ill co%%it &oth the EU and the 1e%&er

States6 EU?level instru%ents! nota&ly the single %arket! @nancial levers and

eternal policy tools! ;ill &e fully %o&ilised to tackle &ottlenecks and deliver

the Europe "#"# goals6 As an i%%ediate priority! the Co%%ission charts ;hat

needs to &e done to de@ne a credi&le eit strategy! to pursue the refor% of

the @nancial syste%! to ensure &udgetary consolidation for long?ter% gro;th!

and to strengthen coordination ;ithin the Econo%ic and 1onetary Union6

Stronger econo%ic governance ;ill &e reuired to deliver results6 Europe "#"#

;ill rely on t;o pillars: the the%atic approach outlined a&ove! co%&ining

priorities and headline targets and country reporting! helping 1e%&er States

to develop their strategies to return to sustaina&le gro;th and pu&lic @nances6

Integrated guidelines ;ill &e adopted at EU level to cover the scope of EU

priorities and targets6 Country?speci@c reco%%endations ;ill &e addressed to

1e%&er States6 3olicy ;arnings could &e issued in case of inadeuate

response6

The reporting of Europe "#"# and the Sta&ility and 7ro;th 3act evaluation ;ill

&e done

si%ultaneously! ;hile keeping the instru%ents separate and %aintaining the

integrity of the 3act6 The European Council ;ill have full o;nership and &e the

focal point of the ne; strategy6 The Co%%ission ;ill %onitor progress to;ards

the targets! facilitate policy echange and %ake the necessary proposals to

steer action and advance the EU agship initiatives6 The European 3arlia%ent

;ill &e a driving force to %o&ilise citi>ens and act as co?legislator on key

initiatives6 This partnership approach should etend to EU co%%ittees! to

national parlia%ents and national! local and regional authorities! to social

partners and to stakeholders and civil society so that everyone is involved in

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delivering on the vision6 The Co%%ission proposes that the European Council

endorses ? in 1arch ? the overall approach of the strategy and the EU headline

targets! and approves ? in Pune ? the detailed para%eters of the strategy!

including the integrated guidelines and national targets6 The Co%%ission also

looks for;ard to the vie;s and support of the European 3arlia%ent for %aking

Europe "#"# a success6F

"'

environmental policy of the eu

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