environmental planning & management

8/3/2019 Environmental Planning & Management

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-planning-management 1/17

ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING

& MANAGEMENT

TOPIC: FRAMEWORK OF EIA

SUBMITTED BY:

S.PRATHYUSHA

09011BA019

B.TECH (PLG) SEM- V

Department of Urban and Regional Planning,

School of Planning and Architecture,

Jawaharlal Nehru Architecture and Fine Arts University,

Hyderabad.



INTRODUCTION

Environmental considerations in energy development and utilization have

generally been ignored or neglected in the past in most of the developing

countries.

In certain cases , this has resulted in adverse impacts on the naturalenvironment by affecting the quality of air and water or by damaging the

natural resources



In order to make the development process sustainable , environmental

aspects have to be taken into consideration

EIA is needed to avoid undesirable and deteriorating changes in the

environment

EIA is a valuable tool that enables elimination or mitigation of undesirablerepercussions on the environment, that arise as a result of contemplated

actions



DEFINITION OF EIA

EIA can be defined as a process designed to ensure that all potentially

significant impacts are satisfactory assessed and taken into account in

planning , designing , authorization and implementation of all relevant type

of actions of a development project



In district Energy Planning, a comprehensive EIA allow selection of environmentally sound projects and the incorporation of modifications into

the designs of others, so as to reduce or eliminate features that can produce

severely detrimental effects on the surrounding environment



FACTORS OF EIA



APPROACH TO EIA

PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES

Describe the proposed action & review the existing

legislation

BASELINE STUDY

Description of present conditions,record of what

existed in the area prior to an action of a project &

review of the existing legislation

IMPACT IDENTIFICATION

Preparation of list of all impacts ,carefully

examined & important impacts are selected for

detailed study

IMPACT EVALUATION

Quantification of impacts & value judgement may

have to be used

MITIGATION MEASURES

Techniques of eliminating all, other than adverse

environmental impact

ASSESSMENT

Comparison of alternatives by assessing

environmental gains & losses

SELECTION OF PREFERRED

ALTERNATIVES

Decission maker one project alternative/request

further study/reject project actions altogether

POST AUDITS

EIA’s are based on predictions. Post audits are

conducted to determine how close the predictions

were to reality



PARTICIPANTS OF EIA PROCESS

PROPONENT : Government or private agency which initiates the project

DECISION MAKER : Designated individual or group or body

ASSESSOR : Individual or Agency responsible for the preparation of EIS(Environmental Impact Statement )

REVIEWER : Individual/Agency/Board entrusted with the responsibility

for reviewing the EIS and assuring compliance with the relevant

guidelines/regulations



Other Government Agencies having special interest in the project

Expert advisers

Media and Public at large

Pecial interest groups : Environmental Organisations , Professional

societies,Labour Union , Local Associations

PARTICIPANTS OF EIA PROCESS



STEPS INVOLVED IN EIA PPROCESS



EIA PROCESS INVOLVES…

EIA is one of the several kinds of inputs to the decision making process. All

potentially important impacts that are to be assessed for the process are

financial , economic , environmental , social and strategic.

It is a decision making process. It must therefore be carried out before the

final decision is taken about a project

Whoever carries out the eia study of a project , he has to assist the decision

maker to take the right decision.The final decision maker is not expected to

be a technical expert. He may be an industrialist , bureaucrat , a political

leader or a group of these persons



PROJECT PLANNING AND DESIGN

The EIA process should look into the following at the

design and planning stages:

Review the alternative ways of meeting the overall objective of the project

including the zero option, i.e., not taking up the project at all

Examine the alternative locations for the proposed project,if the same is not

location – specific (e.g., mining project )

Study the alternative process design,site layouts and other facilities of the

proposed project



PROJECT PLANNING AND DESIGN

At the earlier stages various alternatives are available , which requires

detailed study

A Rapid Environmental Screening (RES) can eliminate most of the

alternatives

The remaining few no. of alternatives can be eliminated through Rapid EIA

process which require 3 months seasonal study and a comprehensive EIA

requires full one year study

At the project stage the developer has to consult the general public



Steps in EIA framework as outlined in

the manual for large-scale projects

The important environmental components

on which impacts will be assessed are asfollows:

Water resources: Surface water; Ground

water; Water quality; Water transportation

Land resources: Land types; Land use;

Soils; Agriculture

Biological resources: Capture fisheries;

Culture fisheries; Forest and Homestead

vegetation; Wetlands; Wildlife

Human resources: Socio-economic; Public

health; Hazard and risk assessment

These steps are undertaken for FAP

(Financial Assistance Policy) projects



CONCLUSION

Once the magnitude and the significance of the impacts have been

determined , the EIA may be considered to be essentially complete

Then follows the political decision as to whether the project be

accepted,accepted with alteration or rejected

The EIA is a potentially useful component of good environmental

management



REFERENCE:

• A text book of environmental science by Arvind Kumar

• Environmental Science Principles and Practice by R.C.Das & nD.K.Behera

• Environmental Impact Assessment ( Reading Material )

environmental planning & management

Documents