environmental impact assessment following government …

Environmental Impact Assessment following Government Procedure following Government Procedure

UNDP/UNEP Poverty and Environment Initiative‐Rwanda

Outline of presentation

What is Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

I f EIA i S i bl D lImportance of EIA in Sustainable Development

Objectives and Principles of EIA

10 steps screening model of EIAp gPublic involvementScopingScreeningScreeningImpact analysisMitigation measuresEnvironmental statementReviewDecision making


gImplementation and follow up

REMA – ENVIRONMENTAL MAINSTREAMING TRAINING 2010

Poverty and Environment Initiative Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

Definition of EIADefinition of EIASystematic identification and evaluation of potential impacts or effects of proposed projects, plans, programs or legislative actions relating to the physical- chemical, biological, cultural, and socio-economic components of the total environment

An ideal EIA system:

p

Applies to all projects with significant environmental impactCompares alternatives to a proposed projectResults in a clear Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)p ( )Includes broad public participation and stringent administrative proceduresProduced in time to affect decision makingShould be enforceable


S ou be e o ceab eInclude monitoring and feedback procedures

REMA – ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT TRAINING 2010

Law, policy and institutional arrangements

EIA first introduced in USA in 1962

R h l C ’ b k “Sil S i ” d i i 1962 i i f Rachel Carson’s book “Silent Springs” caused a stir in 1962 raising awareness of use of pesticides in agriculture

USA: National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) 1969

European Union: EIA directive 1985

Rwanda: Organic Law 2005

Rwanda now: EIA certificate issue by RDB Monitoring by REMARwanda now: EIA certificate issue by RDB. Monitoring by REMA

Organic Law 2005 – ARTICLE 67Every project shall be subjected to environmental impact assessment, before obtaining y p j j p , f gauthorization for its implementation. This applies to programmes and policies that may affect the environment. An order of the Minister having environment in his or her attributions shall determine the list of projects mentioned in this organic law.

UNDP/UNEP Poverty and Environment Initiative‐RwandaREMA – ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT TRAINING 2010

EIA Process ‐ Screening

Proposal Identificationp

Screening

S

Impact Analysis Public Involvement

Scoping

Mitigation Measures

Environmental Statement

Review

Decision Making

UNDP/UNEP Poverty and Environment Initiative‐RwandaREMA – ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT TRAINING 2010

Implementation and follow up


Proposal Identificationp

Screening

Scoping


Scoping

Mitigation Measures


Review

Decision Making




SCREENING

Purpose of screeningT d i h h l i

Screening = Preliminary determination of expected

f l To determine whether a proposal requires an EIA Important that form or level of EIA is commensurate with the importance of

impact of a proposal on environment

commensurate with the importance of issues raised by a proposal

Process of screening in Rwanda

Promoter prepares project brief and submits to MINECOFIN

Public Investment Secretariat

Ch k if EIA h b d


Checks if EIA has been done


Phases to be Completed (as per the new Public Investment Procedures)

Steps in Phase 1 Brief Outline of the Steps

Identification Developing a project concept note (based on the actual need and strategic context)

Prioritization and appraisal

Completing Project Profile Document (PPD) based on the available ceiling and in line with the Strategic Orientation Note; Initial screening by the Public

Investment Secretariat and short listing of projects (for pre‐feasibility/feasibility studies) for appraisal.y/ y ) pp

Approval Preparation of “project approval memorandums” by the Public Investment Secretariat; Provisional approval by the Public Investment Committee (PIC) for

project feasibility studies; final screening and approval by PIC for project signature and implementation; Registering projects in the PIP database.

Programming Program / Project Ranking, and programming expenditures for the forthcoming


Programming Program / Project Ranking, and programming expenditures for the forthcoming years.


Project brief

or every new project a brief (PPD) must be submitted to MINECOFIN l di ( h i i i i BBC)cluding (as per the instruction given in BBC):Project description and options to be considered for meeting the project’s objectives, A f h l l d h i ill dd l h id ifi d Assessment of the local context and how it will add value to the identified population to be affected,Financial overview (indicative costing by components),E ti t d j t t d b fitEstimated project costs and benefits,Proposed project financing – Debt/internal funding,Impact on jobs and growth,E i l iEnvironmental impact,Potential risk and mitigation strategy.,

Screening process outcomes

No ironmental impact

Limited environmental impact

Potential environmental

impact

Significant adverse environmental

impact

urther level A required

More limited EIA required (preliminary

t)

Further study required to

d i EIA l l

Full & comprehensive EIA dA required assessment) determine EIA level EIA required

Projects automatically requiring full EIA

GoR has a list of projects requiring automatically a full EIA GoR has a list of projects requiring automatically a full EIA.

includes:Construction and repair of international roadsConstruction of industries & factoriesConstruction of hotels, stadiums, hospitals & large public buildingsWork of extraction of minesWork in parks and its buffer zonesAgricultural & breeding activities using chemical fertilizers & pesticides in wetlandsWork and activities using bio-technologies to modify seeds & animals

Preliminary EIA (to be done during pre‐feasibility study)

reliminary EIA is necessary for all projects requiring EIAreliminary EIA is necessary for all projects requiring EIA.

onduct a preliminary EIA study, a quick investigation will be performed onsidering the proposal, applicable policies, plans & regulations considering he following criteria.

riteria for determining the need for and level of EIACh t f th i i i tCharacter of the receiving environmentPotential impact of proposalResilience of natural and human environment to cope with changeC f d f d f Confidence of prediction of impactsPresence of planning, policy framework and other decision-making processesDegree of public interest


al Identification

reening

S


Scoping

Mitigation Measures


Review

Decision Making


SCOPING

urpose of scopingif

Scoping = process of determining major issues and

f EIA entifyImportant issues to be considered in EIAAppropriate time and space boundaries of EIA t d

impacts for EIA

EIA studyInformation necessary for decision makingSignificant effects and factors to be studied in detailin detail

coping takes place generally after initial screening process but may overlap

coping process identifies issues likely to be important during EIA and iminates those of no concern

n many EIA systems, involvement of public and other stakeholders is integral art of scoping process

EIA Process – Impact analysis

al Identification

reening

S


Scoping

Mitigation Measures


Review

Decision Making


IMPACT ANALYSIS

The aim of impact analysis is take account of all important environmental p j t i p t i thi i itt d

pact prediction is a technical exercise h i l bi l i l i i

project impacts, ensuring nothing is omitted.

Many different methods available to d t i t l ing physical, biological, socio-economic

d cultural data

gical and systematic approach required

tl d t b d t d b

conduct impact analysis:ChecklistsMatricesN t kostly needs to be conducted by

ecialists

ocess begins during screening and ntinues through scoping

NetworksExpert systemsProfessional judgment

ntinues through scoping

nce all important impacts identified eir size and characteristics can be edicted

Impacts should be predicted quantitatively where possible to enable comparison Rating techniques enable comparison. Rating techniques often used

EIA Process – Mitigation and impact management

al Identification

reening

S


Scoping

Mitigation Measures


Review

Decision Making


ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

Environmental management plan (EMP) identifies supporting actions required to facilitate mitigation measures during project construction and operation

MP translates recommended mitigation and monitoring measures into ecific actions for proponentp p

Rwanda, EMP forms part of the EIA report.

MP should contain commitments that are binding on the proponent.

an provide basis of a legal contract.

EIA Process – Environmental statement

al Identification

reening

S


Scoping

Mitigation Measures


Review

Decision Making


EIA REPORTING: EIA STATEMENT

EIA report is decision document. It is necessary for developers,

bjectives of EIA statement

decision-makers and stakeholders

To enable the developer to plan, design and implement mitigation measures for significant adverse environmental impacts and to maximise social benefits from a proposed project.F th d i i k t bj ti l l t th d j tFor the decision-makers to objectively evaluate the proposed project.To provide information on environmental impacts and mitigation measures for local communities and any other stakeholders to be able to contribute their opinions

Report should be rigorous and easily understood, not a compendium of technical informationnot a compendium of technical information

EIA Process – Quality review

al Identification

reening

S


Scoping

Mitigation Measures


Review

Decision Making


EIA REVIEW

Purpose of review is to assure the completeness and quality of the

bjectives of EIA review

information gathered in EIA.

bjectives of EIA reviewAssess the adequacy and quality of an EIA report; Take account of public comment; Determine if the information is sufficient for a final decision to be made Determine if the information is sufficient for a final decision to be made Identify any deficiencies to be addressed before the report can be submitted.

i d t ti h i i d rigorous and systematic approach is required.

eview performed by: the responsible body, another government agency or ommittee or an independent body

ublic consultation stage important – proactive forms preferable

EIA Process – Decision making

al Identification

reening

S


Scoping

Mitigation Measures


Review

Decision Making


DECISION MAKING

Documents submitted to the Authority and reviewed by decision making committeesreviewed by decision making committees

Technical Committee

Executive CommitteeCommittee Committee

If approved

EIA CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZATIONEIA CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZATION

EIA Process – Implementation and follow up

al Identification

reening

S


Scoping

Mitigation Measures


Review

Decision Making


IMPLEMENTATION AND FOLLOW UP

Monitoring process necessary to follow up on implementation of

bjectives of EIA implementation and follow up

EIA recommendations

Confirm conditions of project approval are implemented satisfactorily; Verify that impacts are within predicted or permitted limits; Take action to manage unanticipated impacts or other unforeseen changes; Ensure environmental benefits are maximised through good practiceLearn from experience in order to improve EIA process and practice.

onitoring should be done during both construction and operation phases of the onitoring should be done during both construction and operation phases of the oject

here impacts exceed levels predicted in environmental impact study corrective tion should be takention should be taken

sponsibility of both the developer and REMA