entry quiz 1.what is compound, example? 2.what is mixture, example? 3.what is element, example? 4.is...
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ENTRY QUIZENTRY QUIZ
1. What is compound, example?2. What is mixture, example?3. What is element, example?4. Is water element or mixture or
compound?5. Is ice element, compound or mixture?6. Is vapor element, compound or mixture?
THIRD ELEMENTTHIRD ELEMENT
LITHIUMLiAtomic number 3Atomic weight 6.94Alkali metal, highly reactive, flammable,Stored in mineral oil, metallic luster, corrodes3 protons, 3 electrons, 4 neutrons
Elements, Compounds Elements, Compounds & Mixtures& Mixtures
HypothesisHypothesisWhat is the difference What is the difference
between these three items?between these three items?
From the Beginning…From the Beginning…
MatterMatter Matter is anything that has mass or Matter is anything that has mass or
weight.weight. It takes up space and has a definite It takes up space and has a definite
volume.volume. It must exhibit inertia (It must exhibit inertia (If something is at If something is at
rest , it must stay at rest until a force acts upon it).rest , it must stay at rest until a force acts upon it).
It cannot occupy the same space as It cannot occupy the same space as other matter at the same time.other matter at the same time.
It has physical and chemical It has physical and chemical properties.properties.
The BIG PictureThe BIG PictureCategorizing MatterCategorizing Matter
MatterMatterDescribed using physical and chemical propertiesDescribed using physical and chemical properties
Pure Substance Mixture
ElementsSmallest particle is the atom
CompoundsSmallest particle is the Molecule
Homogenous
Heterogeneous
SolutionsMixtures of two or more substances
One type of atom
throughout
specimen.
Atoms combine chemically
and cannot be separated.
Two or more atoms combine to create a
new substance.
Pure SubstancesPure Substances
ElementsSmallest particle
is the atom.
CompoundsSmallest particle
is the Molecule.
One type of atom
throughout specimen.
Atoms combine chemically and cannot
be separated physically.Two or more atoms
combine to create a molecule of a
new substance.
or
Pure Substance - ElementsPure Substance - Elements
9292
elements elements occur occur
naturally naturally and and
Many more Many more
have been have been created in created in
a a laboratorylaboratory
Element s for Your Body!Element s for Your Body!Common Trace Elements Common Trace Elements
found in food and Vitaminsfound in food and Vitamins Boron:Boron: Deficiencies of boron can contribute to Deficiencies of boron can contribute to
osteoporosis. osteoporosis.
Copper: Copper: Deficiencies of copper can cause premature Deficiencies of copper can cause premature hair graying, and premature wrinkling of the skin. hair graying, and premature wrinkling of the skin.
Iodine:Iodine: Deficiencies of iodine can cause a thyroid Deficiencies of iodine can cause a thyroid imbalance or reduced fertility. imbalance or reduced fertility.
Selenium:Selenium: Deficiencies of selenium can cause people Deficiencies of selenium can cause people to age prematurely or to have slower than normal recovery to age prematurely or to have slower than normal recovery from illnesses. from illnesses.
Zinc:Zinc: Deficiencies of zinc can cause sterility, and Deficiencies of zinc can cause sterility, and depression. depression.
Is Air an ELEMENT?
Air is primarily made up of nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%). The remaining 1% is made up of argon (0.93%), carbon dioxide (0.03%) and other trace gases (0.003%).
What about … Fire? Earth? Water?
Famous ElementsFamous ElementsTitanium is a hard, silvery-gray metallic Titanium is a hard, silvery-gray metallic
element. Its symbol is element. Its symbol is Ti.Ti. It is the 9th It is the 9th most common element in the Earth’s most common element in the Earth’s
crust. crust.
Pure Substance - Pure Substance - CompoundsCompoundsEvery compound is a pair or group of atoms that Every compound is a pair or group of atoms that
are combined in a definite proportion.are combined in a definite proportion.MILLIONS MILLIONS of compounds have been identified!of compounds have been identified!
Poisonous
yellow -green gas
Highly explosi
ve when
exposed to
water!
Table SaltOr
Sodium ChlorideSafe and
necessary for life.
plus equals
Common Household Compounds (1) water - H2O
(2) sodium chloride (table salt) - NaCl(3) sucrose (table sugar) - C12H22O11(4) sodium hydrogen carbonate (baking soda) - NaHCO3(5) calcium carbonate (chalk or marble) - CaCO3(6) acetic acid (vinegar) - HC2H3O2(8) ammonia (household ammonia) - NH3(9) sodium hypochlorite (bleach) - NaClO(10) sodium hydroxide (drain cleaner) - NaOH(11) calcium hydroxide (lime) - Ca(OH)2(12) sodium stearate (soap) - CH3(CH2)16COONa(13) glycerol (glycerin) - C3H5(OH)3(14) hydrogen peroxide (antiseptic or bleach) - H2O2(15) isopropanol (rubbing alcohol) - CH3COHCH3(16) silicon dioxide (glass) - SiO2(17) starch (flour) - (C6H10O5)n
Homework Activity Bring in one empty container that has
the label in tact – We are on the search for household Compounds! Examples…
Bleach bottleCleanser container
Vinegar bottle
What other household products can you think of that may be compounds?
The BIG PictureThe BIG PictureCategorizing MatterCategorizing Matter
MatterMatterDescribed using physical and chemical propertiesDescribed using physical and chemical properties
Pure Substance Mixture
ElementsSmallest particle is the atom
CompoundsSmallest particle is the Molecule
Homogenous
Heterogeneous
SolutionsMixtures of two or more substances
One type of atom
throughout
specimen.
Atoms combine chemically
and cannot be separated.
Two or more atoms combine to create a
new substance.
Mixtures ARE NOT PURE SUBSTANCES!
Substances in a mixture CAN be separated by physical means!
Mixtures can be…Heterogeneous: In substances in the mixture are NOT evenly distributed.
OrHomogenous: The substances in the
mixtureARE evenly distributed.
Heterogeneous MixturesNOT EVENLY
DISTRIBUTED! Examples of Heterogeneous mixtures are…
What heterogeneou
s Mixtures can you think
of?
Homogenous MixturesARE evenly distributed! Examples are…
More on a Homogenous
Mixture If it appears to be the same
throughout it is called a “solution” In a solution the component that is
present in the largest amount is called the “solvent”
The parts that are in the solution in lesser quantities are called “solutes”
What homogenous Mixtures can you think of?
Wrap Up ReviewWrap Up ReviewMatterMatter
Described using physical and chemical propertiesDescribed using physical and chemical properties
Pure Substance Mixture
ElementsSmallest particle is the atom
CompoundsSmallest particle is the Molecule
Homogenous
HeterogeneousUnevenly distributed
SolutionsMixtures of two or
more substances that are evenly distributed
•Largest component = solvent•Smaller components = solutes
One type of atom
throughout
specimen.
Atoms combine chemically
and cannot be separated.
Two or more atoms combine to create a
new substance.
Separating Mixtures
All Mixtures can be
physically separated!
EXIT QUIZEXIT QUIZ
1. What is milk?2. What is concrete?3. What is ice-cream?4. What fruit cocktail?5. What is milk, sugar and tea?