Julia Sander

Student’s Book 2

ENGLISHMATTERS

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Macmillan Education4 Crinan StreetLondon N1 9XWA division of Macmillan Publishers LimitedCompanies and representatives throughout the world

www.macmillan-caribbean.com

ISBN: 978-1-380-07038-8

Text © Julia Sander 2010Design and illustration © Macmillan Publishers Limited 2010

All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers.

Design by Andrew MageeTypeset by TechTypeCover design by Clare WebberCover photographs: images provided with the kind permission of the Carter family, Joanne Chan, Corbis, Ian McDonald, Rosemary Parkinson, Jim Rudin, Philip Stokes. Illustrations by Ann Baum, David Burroughs, Beryl Sanders and Judy Stevens c/o Linda Rogers Associates; Patricia Ludlow and Clive Spong c/o Linden Artists; Jim Eldridge c/o Beehive Illustration; Avril Kos

The author and publishers would like to thank the following for permission to reproduce their photographs: Alamy pp72, 192(l); Bananastock p195; Corbis pp19, 20, 116, Corbis/Bettmann Archive p52; Getty Images pp25, 34, 39, 44, 61, 71, 155, 180; Rex pp150, 155(r); Still Pictures p70; Tropix pp18, 192(r), 199.

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Printed and bound in Malaysia

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Table of Contents

Scope and Sequence 4Acknowledgements 8Preface for the Teacher 9

1. Introductions 10 2. Famous People 18 3. Relationships 26 4. Language 34 5. Opinions 42 6. Society 50Revision and Practice A 58 7. Caribbean Peoples 62 8. Traditions 70 9. Myths 78 10. Legends 86 11. Celebrations 94 12. Mysteries 102Revision and Practice B 110 13. Natural Disasters 114 14. Pollution 122 15. Healthy Living 130 16. Theatre 138 17. The School Show 146 18. Cinema 154Revision and Practice C 162

Enrichment Section 166

Reference Section Parts of Speech 202 Punctuation Guide 203 Sentence Structure 205 Composition Review 207 Grammar Guide 208 Glossary of Terms Used in Language and Literature 213 Transcripts for Listening Exercises 215

Index 220

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Scope and Sequence

Unit Listening and Speaking Reading and Responding Language Matters

1. Introductions Listening: Job interview, record details in a form.Speaking: Present yourself.

Pataki Full (Colville Young)Genre: FictionSkill: Skimming

Parts of speech reviewPresent simple tenseAuxiliaries

2. Famous People

Listening: Biography of Sarah Ann Gill. Create timeline.Speaking: Presentation of a famous person

Bob Marley: A Legend for our TimeGenre: BiographySkill: Scanning

Review of simple past tenseAuxiliaryHabitual past

3. Relationships Speaking: Role play: negotiating, reaching a compromise

Harriet’s Daughter (Marlene Nourbese Philip) Genre: FictionSkill: Question and answer relationships

Types of sentencesSentence punctuationTransitive/intransitive verbs

4. Language Listening: Complete a summary of radio programme.Speaking: Asking questions to test a hypothesis

Language: different communication skillsGenre: ExpositorySkill: Using prior knowledge

Subject and predicateSubject/verb agreement + agreement with indefinite pronouns and collective nouns

5. Opinions Listening: Anti-bullying campaign, discuss opinionsSpeaking: Fact and opinion, small group discussion

Drugs and sportsGenre: Newspaper website + commentsSkill: Using a website

Compound sentencesPunctuation: using commas, colons, semi-colons

6. Society Speaking: Discuss assumptions about gender roles and work.

‘Woman Work’ (Maya Angelou), Every Light in the House Burnin’(Andrea Levy)Skill: Predicting

Countable and uncountable nouns, quantitiesNouns which are always singular/plural

Revision and Practice A

Self-assessment questionnaire

Parts of speech, subject verb agreement, transitive and intransitive verbs, punctuation

7. Caribbean Peoples

Speaking: Discuss information presented in graphic form.

A Unique PopulationGenre: Feature article/ expositorySkill: Brainstorming, checking predictions

Tense sequence:Simple past + past continuous, Simple past + past perfect or past perfect continuousPossessive adjectives/ pronouns

8. Traditions Listening: Radio interview about Eid al Fitr, answer questions.Speaking: Give a short talk and answer questions about it.

Jonkunnu a’ comeGenre: Newspaper reportSkill: Making notes

Tense sequenceSimple past/ Present PerfectPresent Perfect + Present Perfect ContinuousReflexive/emphatic pronouns

9. Myths Listening: Listen to a talk on myths. Identify key words.Speaking: Discuss superstitions.

The Discovery of the Earth (Philip Sherlock)Genre: MythSkill: Directed Reading Thinking Activity

Conditional sentences(first, second and third conditional)Perfect infinitives:

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Words Matter Writing Enrichment

Review use of dictionaryWords used as different parts of speech

Prewriting strategiesGraphic organisersAutobiographical writingIT: Record and update personal goals.

How others see me (Quiz)Write letter to editor giving opinion.‘One’ (James Berry)

Build words using root words

Prewriting strategies:Discussion, webbing, note taking,Write a biographyIT: Conduct research for a biography

UN Declaration of Rights of the ChildDesign a notice.IT: Research: Find out more about UN.

Recognise and use idioms and proverbs

Informal lettersWrite a letter of apology.IT: Type a letter using correct layout

Further extract from Harriet’s DaughterWrite instructions.‘An Odd Kettle of Fish’

Creole and Standard English

Making notesMain idea, headings, numbering/ lettering, bullet pointsIT: Find out more about one of the people in the reading text. Make notes

Learning styles: questionnaire.Make notes on personal learning style.‘Checking Out Me History’ (John Agard)

Suffixes ParagraphingTopic sentence, supporting detailsWrite different paragraph types: chronological, giving opinion.IT: Write newspaper article.

‘The New Boy’ (Timothy Callender)Rewrite poem as a narrative.IT: Rewrite story from different perspective.

Sound effects in poetry: rhyme, metre, alliteration, onomatopoeia

Post writing strategies:Peer editing, revising and publishingIT: Edit and revise paragraphs.

Whatever Happened to New Man? (Newspaper article) Irony, rhetorical questionsLetter to editor expressing viewpointIT: Email letters to other students.

Writing process: Pre-writing, note taking, paragraphing, revising

Research skills:Evaluate information sources

Summary writingSummarise graphical materialIT: Type summaries and produce final draft.

Barbados, Our Island Home (Alexander Hoyos) Conduct a survey and record results.Write a feature article.IT: Prepare research instrument.

Prefixes: pre, co, en, ex Expository writingStructure and planningWrite a report of a local tradition.IT: Create display about different traditions.

‘De Magic Poem’ (Benjamin Zephaniah)Dub poems, LimericksWrite dub poem and limericksIT: Find more poems on the Internet.

Sequence markers: Narrative WritingRetell a well-known story.Introductory and concluding paragraphsSequence of eventsIT: Edit story.

Two versions of The Ant and the Grasshopper (Aesop, Jean de la Fontaine)Compare and contrast different versions.

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Unit Listening and Speaking Reading and Responding Language Matters

10. Legends Speaking: Panel discussion ‘Theseus and the Minotaur’, ‘Brave Boy Rap’ (Tony Mitton)Genre: Picture story, poemSkill: Venn diagram showing similarities and differences

Simple, complex, compound sentencesSubordinate clausesConjunctions

11. Celebrations Listening: Note information about a Creole Festival.Speaking: Make arrangements to attend an event.

The Dragon Can’t Dance (Earl Lovelace), ‘Jouvert Morning’Skill: ‘telling’ and ‘showing’ descriptions

Future tenses:Simple future, continuous future, future perfect, simple or continuous present expressing future

12. Mysteries Listening: Complete story table.Speaking: Retell a story. Evaluate storytelling.

‘I like to stay up’ (Grace Nichols), ‘The Listeners’ (Walter de la Mare)Genre: PoetrySkill: Deducing implied meaning

Phrases: adjectival, adverbial, noun, prepositional

Revision and Practice B

Self-assessment questionnaire Sequence of tenses, conditional sentences, joining sentences

13. Natural Disasters

Listening: Summarise a news report.Speaking: Making an emergency telephone call

Floods Wreak Havoc in Dominican RepublicGenre: Newspaper reportSkill: Prioritising actions

Adverbial clausesAdjectival clauses

14. Pollution Listening: Summarise views expressed in discussion.Speaking: Short speeches for and against an issue

Have Your SayGenre: Television debateSkill: Recognise subjective and objective language

Noun clausesPunctuation: hyphens

15. Healthy Living

Listening and speaking:Give instructions for recovery position. Compare layout and impact of posters.

You are what you eatGenre: LeafletSkill: Identify persuasive language.

Passive voiceDouble negatives

16. Theatre Speaking: Discuss different forms of non-verbal communication.

A Model StudentGenre: dramaSkill: Identify features of a play.

Direct speech: punctuation reviewReported Speech

17. The School Show

Speaking: Discuss characters in plays and movies. Present a character.

The audition (Everard Palmer)Genre: FictionSkill: Identify language relating to drama.

Reported questions and instructionsPunctuation: ellipsis

18. Cinema Listening and Speaking: Listen to film review. Fill in missing information on posters. Arrange to go to the movies with friend.

Craig Griffith – Sci-fi FanaticGenre: Magazine interviewSkill: Identify realism and fantasy.

Gerunds and infinitivesPunctuation: brackets, dash

Revision and Practice C

Self-assessment questionnaire Passive voice, clauses, reported speech, quotation marks, hyphens

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Words Matter Writing Enrichment

Connectives:Cause and effectComparing and contrasting

Reporting eventsWrite a newspaper story.Write from a different perspective.IT: Write and publish a news story.

Traditional tale: The Mystery of the Missing NecklaceDramatise the story.

Use a thesaurus to select adjectives.

Descriptive writingSetting the scene and choosing the right wordsWrite a description of a festival or celebration.IT: Edit description.

Brochure: Jazz it up in the Caribbean Persuasive writingDesign brochure and make a radio announcement.IT: Design a brochure.

Review of imagery Hyperbole

Writing a reviewWrite a poetry review.

The Three Witches: extract from Macbeth (William Shakespeare)‘Old Higue’ (Martin Carter)Write a poem or storyIT: Find out more about Shakespeare.

Sequence markers, using a thesaurus

Summarising, planning, writing story openings

Problem wordsUsing a spellchecker

Formal lettersWrite a letter of complaint.

Extract from a novel: Only One Blow of the Wind (John Hearne)Write factual and personal accounts.IT: Edit eyewitness account.

Subject-specific vocabularyJargon

Argumentative writingEssay planning: points for and againstIntroduction and conclusion

Newsletter of Environmental group‘Poisoned Talk’ (Raymond Wilson)Write a song or poem or design poster with environmental message

Adverbs of frequency Persuasive WritingDesign a poster and a leaflet on the benefits of exercise.IT: Design a poster

Young people and HIV/AIDS, leaflet and real-life storyPlan group entry for a competition. Hold a meeting and take minutes.IT: Prepare agenda and minutes of meeting.

Phrasal verbs Character StudyPlot characteristics and motives onto graphic organiser.Write about actions and motives of characters in plays, films or books.IT: Record details in table.

When My Father Comes Home (Shirley Warde) Write stage directions.Role play a police interview. Write a report.IT: Write a newspaper article.

Connectives:Adding informationEmphasisingGiving examples

Functional WritingDesign a programme for a show and write a press release.IT: Design programme and send email.

Drama Round the World: expository textClassify information.IT: Research dramatic forms on Internet.

Prepositions used with adjectivesPrepositional phrases

Writing a reviewWrite a film review.Determine evaluation criteria, draft, revise and publish.IT: Create a movie magazine.

‘A Close Encounter’ (Adrian Rumble)Website comments on UFOsWrite text of an email.IT: Email friends about UFOs.

Phrasal verbs Order of paragraphs, checking for spelling mistakesPlanning essays, proofreading

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8

Acknowledgements

The publisher and author wish to thank the following rights holders for the use of copyright material:

Extracts from Checking out me history by John Agard © 1996 reproduced by kind permission of John Agard c/o Caroline Sheldon Literary Agency Limited; Extract from ‘Woman Work’ from The Complete Collected Poems by Maya Angelou reprinted by permission of Little, Brown; ‘One’ by James Berry reprinted by permission of the author; Extract from Duppy story by David Brailsford reprinted by permission of LMH Publishing Limited, Jamaica; ‘The Pawpaw’ by Kamau Brathwaite used with permission of the author; ‘Jouvert Morning’ by Dave Calder by permission of the author; ‘An Odd Kettle of Fish’ by Pie Corbett reproduced by permission of the author; ‘Old Higue’ by Martin Carter, used by permission of Mrs Phyllis Carter; Extract from The Travellers by Walter de la Mare with permission of the Literary Trustees of Walter de la Mare and the Society of Authors; Extracts from Barbados: Our Island Home by Alexander Hoyos reprinted by permission of the Estate of Alexander Hoyos; Extract from The Dragon can’t dance by Earl Lovelace reprinted by permission of Faber & Faber Ltd; Extract from Every Light in the House Burnin’ by Andrea Levy, Headline, reprinted by permission of David Grossman Literary Agency; Retelling of ‘The Ant and the Grasshopper’ © John Long; Extract from ‘I shall return’ by Claude McKay used by Courtesy of the Literary representative for the Works of Claude McKay, Schomburg Center for Research in Black culture, the New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations; Dictionary definitions of

language from Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners reprinted by permission of Macmillan Education; ‘Brave Boy Rap’ from Groovy Greek Hero Raps by Tony Mitton (Orchard, 2000) with permission of David Higham; ‘I like to stay up’ from Come on into my Tropical Garden by Grace Nichols © 1988 Grace Nichols and extract from The Sun is Laughing by Grace Nichols © Grace Nichols 1994 reproduced with permission of Curtis Brown Group Ltd; Extract from A Time to Say Goodbye by C Everard Palmer reprinted by permission of Macmillan Education; Extract from Harriet’s Daughter by Marlene Nourbese Philip reprinted by permission of Pearson Education; Extracts from ‘Ascot’ published in Summer Lightning and other stories by Olive Senior, © 1986) reprinted by permission of Curtis Brown, Ltd; Extract from ‘The Warau People Discover the Earth’ in Tales from the West Indies retold by Philip Sherlock (OUP, 2000) © Philip Sherlock 1966, reprinted by permission of Oxford University Press; Convention on the Rights of the Child used with permission of the United Nations/OHCHR; When My Father Comes Home by Shirley Warde from Ping Wing Juk Me, Six Belizean Plays, 1998, reproduced by permission of Cubola Productions; Extract from ‘To the New World’ by Colville Young from Pataki Full reprinted by permission of Cubola Productions, Belize; ‘Funky Chickens’ by Benjamin Zephaniah (Viking, 1996) © Benjamin Zepahiah, 1996 with permission of Penguin Books

If any copyright holders have been omitted, please contact the publishers who will make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.

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Preface for the Teacher

English Matters is an entirely new four-book course which incorporates the requirements of the most recent teaching syllabuses in Caribbean countries. Student’s Books 1 to 3 are intended for use in the first three years of secondary education, and cover the requirements of the new certificates of secondary competence. Student’s Book 4 prepares students for the CSEC examination in English Language.

Student’s Book 2 is divided into 18 units, with three revision units which can be used at the teacher’s discretion. Each unit is based on a broad theme, and language skills are closely integrated. A flexible approach to the activities is recommended. Interactive activities such as pairwork and groupwork are frequently suggested, but teachers can, of course, adapt these to the needs of their students and the constraints of their teaching situation.

Listening and SpeakingEach unit begins with a section which introduces the topic and practises aural and oral skills. Listening passages practise the skills of listening for a purpose, listening for gist and for detail, and distinguishing between what is relevant and irrelevant. Speaking exercises draw on students’ prior knowledge and practise essential skills, for example, summarising, agreeing and disagreeing, and negotiating with others. A CD recording of the listening passages is supplied with the Teacher’s Guide, and transcripts can be found at the back of the Student’s Book and in the Teacher’s Guide.

Reading and RespondingEnglish Matters 2 includes a very wide range of texts. A variety of reading strategies, such as skimming, scanning and predicting are practised. Higher order comprehension questions are included from the start. The study of literary aspects of texts, for example, elements of poems, imagery, and story structure, is included to enable students to appreciate the texts they read in literature classes.

Language MattersEach unit includes a range of exercises which practise grammar in a systematic way. Brief notes

are provided with each new grammar point and a fuller explanation is given in the Reference Section at the back.

Words MatterThis section includes exercises which help students to develop their vocabulary, such as finding synonyms, adding prefixes and suffixes, or using a dictionary and a thesaurus. Students are encouraged to keep their own vocabulary notebooks.

WritingThe writing section focuses on the writing process and provides a wide range of tasks. Students practise key skills such as planning, making notes, summarising, paragraphing, writing and proofreading a first draft and producing a final copy. They are encouraged to develop a writing portfolio.

EnrichmentTwo supplementary pages for each unit are provided at the end of the book. These include a range of texts which consider the theme of the unit from a different angle. They also include a range of extended writing tasks. They are intended as a resource for teachers, and can be used not only to stimulate more-able learners, but also to provide interesting additional material for the whole class.

ITSuggestions for using Information Technology are given in most units.

Reference SectionStudents should be encouraged to use this section for themselves to support their learning.

Teacher’s Guide and WorkbookA Teacher’s Guide which contains useful advice on how to use the Student’s Book is available online and in hard copy. A Workbook which gives extra practice in the skills covered in the Student’s Book is also available.

*A CD of the listening passages is supplied with the Teacher’s Guide, and transcripts can be found at the back of the Student’s Book and in the Teacher’s Guide.

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