ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT

IE 256

Chapter 1

Dr Mohammed Balubaid

Chapter outline What is Engineering? What is Management? Management Levels Managerial Skills What Managers Do? Functions of Managers Management Art or Science? What is Engineering Management?

Engineering and Management

What is an Engineer?

Ingenium: Talent, natural capacity, or clever invention.

Early applications of Clever Inventions based on Military

Builders of Ingenious military machines??

Engineering and Management

Engineering as a Profession

The art of directing the great sources of powerin nature, for the use and convenience of man.

Engineers provide a public service not only in the goods and services they create for the betterment of society, but also by placing the safety of the public high on their design criteriaIs it an art or profession?

Engineering and Management

Modern Definition of Engineering By ABET (Accrediting Board for Engineering and Technology)

The profession in which a knowledge of the mathematical and naturalsciences gained by study, experience, and practice which is applied with judgment to develop ways to utilize, economically, the materials and forces of the nature for the benefit of mankind.

Engineer: A person applying his mathematical and science knowledge properly for mankind

It is a discipline not an art.

Types of engineers

Many engineering applications require Cross-pollination or integration of multiple disciplines

e.g Aerospace Engineers require knowledge of:

•Material science •Electronic control•Computers•Production limitation•Finance •Logistic •Customer service

Engineering Employment The corporations and firms of the past no longer

exist. Employment opportunities Lie with companies of

all sizes. Engineers of the future should expect to be

Constantly improving their skills and marketability.

Continuing education, flexibility, and a willingness to shift employment will be required of successful engineers

Engineering and Management

What is Management?

• Directing the actions of a group to achieve a goal in most efficient manner• Getting things done through people• Process of achieving organizational goals by working with and through people and organizational resources

McFarland identifies management as• an organizational or administrative process• a science, discipline or art• the group of people running an organization• an occupational career

Engineering and Management

Top-level management(president, executive vice president)

Middle managers(chief engineer, division head etc.)

First-line managers (foreman, supervisor, section chief)

Management Levels

Engineering and ManagementLevel Type of Job

First-line Managers

Directly supervise non-managers. Carry out the plans and objectives of higher management using

the personnel and other resources assigned to them. Short-range operating plans governing what will be done

tomorrow or next week, assign tasks to their workers, supervisethe work that is done, and evaluate the performance of individualworkers.

Middle Management

Manage through other managers. Make plans of intermediate range to achieve the long-range goals

set by top management, establish departmental policies, andevaluate the performance of subordinate work units and theirmanagers.

Provide and integrating and coordinating function so that theshort-range decisions and activities of first-line supervisorygroups can be orchestrated toward achievement of the long-rangegoals of the enterprise.

Top Management

Responsible for defining the character, mission, and objectives ofthe enterprise.

Establish criteria for and review long-range plans. Evaluate the performance of major departments, and they evaluate

leading management personnel to gauge their readiness forpromotion to key executive positions.

Engineering and Management

Lowest Middle Top

Managerial Level

Interpersonal Skills

Conceptual Skills

Technical Skills

Skills required versus management

Engineering and Management

Managerial Skills:

Managers need three types of skills:

Technical: Specific subject related skills such as engineering, accounting, etc…

Interpersonal: Skills related to dealing with others and leading, motivating, or controlling them

Conceptual: Ability to discern the critical factors that will determine as organization’s success or failure. Ability to see the forest in spite of the trees.

Engineering and Management

Managerial Roles (What Managers Do)

• Interpersonal roles

• Informational Roles

• Decisional Roles

Engineering and Management

• Interpersonal roles

Figurehead role: Outward relationshipLeader role: Downward relationLiaison role: Horizontal relation

Managerial Roles (What Managers Do)

Outward

Horizontal

Downward

Engineering and Management

• Informational Roles

Monitor Role: Collects information about internal operations and external events.

Disseminator Role: Transforms informationinternally to everybody in organization (like atelephone switchboard)

Spokesman Role: Public relations

Managerial Roles (What Managers Do)

Engineering and Management

• Decisional RolesEntrepreneurial Role: Initiates changes, assumes risks, transforms ideas into useful products.

Disturbance Handler Role: Deals with unforeseen problems and crisis.

Resource Allocator Role: Distributing resources

Negotiator Role: Bargains with suppliers, customers etc. in favor of enterprise

Managerial Roles (What Managers Do)

Engineering and Management

•Planning: Selecting missions and objectives. Requires decision making.

•Organizing: Establishing the structure for the objective.

•Staffing: Keeping filled the organization structure

•Leading: Influencing people to achieve the objective

•Controlling: Measuring and correcting the activities

Functions of Managers

Engineering and Management

Management has a body of specialized knowledge.This knowledge need not to be obtained in formal disciplined programs.

Management: Is it an art or science?

Somewhere between art and science.

Engineering Management (Discipline + art) Somewhere between art and science.

Engineering and Management

What is Engineering Management?

Narrow definition: Directing supervision of engineers or of engineering functions.

Proper Definition of Engineering Manager:

Engineer possessing both abilities to apply engineering principles and skills in organizing and directing people and projects.

Babcock Engineering Managers are distinguished

from other managers because they possess both the ability to apply engineering principles and skill in organizing and directing people and projects.

Prentice Hall, 2006

Engineering and Management

Why Engineering Managers?

Competition is global and companies need these peopleto compete successfully

Engineering and Management

Advantages of Understanding Technology in Top Management

• Really understanding the business• Understanding technology driving the business today and technology that will change the business in future• Treating Research and Development as investment not an expense to be minimized• Spending more time on strategic thinking• Dedicating a customer’s problem (true marketing via customer relations)• Place a premium on innovation