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Writing Arguments

Argument as Inquiry

Using Evidence EffectivelyArgument Synthesis

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Argument is not a fight or a quarrel

creative & productive activity

engages high levels of inquiry andcritical thinking

often in conversation with liked

and respected people

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Argument is not a Pro-Con Debate desire for truth

aims to find best solution to complex

problem

goal isnt to win a game; goal is to findand promote best belief or course of

action

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Arguments can be explicit or implicit explicit directly states its controversial

claim and supports it with reasons and

evidence implicit is opposite (pic, slogans, etc)

both used to persuade

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Arguments requires justification ofits claims

must meet two conditions

1. set of two+ conflicting assertions

2. attempt to resolve conflict

through an appeal to reason must clarify and support reasons

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Argument and the Problem of Truth does not mean finding right answer to

disputed question

means determining best answer or bestsolution for the good of entire communitywhen all stakeholders are considered

means argument does not prove claim but

only makes reasonable case for claim opinion based upon examination of all

evidence

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Every thesis prompts an opposing thesis(antithesis)

Conflict between these views leads to a new claim

(synthesis) Synthesis incorporates aspects of both views

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What is a synthesis essay?

What is an argumentative synthesis essay?

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Written discussion that draws on multiplesources

Must infer relationships among sources Before inferring relationships must be able to

summarize Must go beyond summary to make judgments

(critique)

Must be able to apply source information to topic(analyze)

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Purpose is to persuade

Thesis is a claim about which reasonable peoplecould disagree

Strategy is to find and use convincing support foryour claim

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A. Introduction

1. background information2. thesis statement

B. Claim 1

1. argue

2. expert opinion3. argue

4. expert opinion

5. argue

6. expert opinion7. assumption

(Repeat for each claim)

D. Conclusion

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A. Introduction1. background information

2. According to popular media, the American Dreammeans providing for family, striving for equality, andgetting rich quick.

B. Cinderella Manproviding for family1. looking for work at the docks

2. find scholarly source about employment3. we dont steal4. find scholarly source about maintaining values5. we are better off than most people6. find scholarly source about financially raising afamily7. These prove that according to the movie, theAmerican Dream means providing for family.

(Repeat for each claim)D. Conclusion

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4 5 pages5 sources

Introduction

Organization

ConclusionGrammar & Mechanics

Writing Process

In-text Citations

References Page

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Synthesis rough draft