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ENERGYFROM WAVES AND WATER CLEANING
IN THE PORT OF GENOA
Presented by Prof. Paul Noja - Project coordinator
International Forum on intelligent energiesand the sustainable development of the city and the port
why energy from waves?
ENERGY FROM WAVES
O W CM
Water energy module
why energy from waves?
why sea waves?
Because sea waves, if properly
canalized have a ready available power
bigger than other renewable energy
sources, and offer more possibilities of
utilization:
Are typically available H24
May be used to clean port water
May produce drinking water
o w c m project
Oscillating
water
column
motor
o w c m
Owcm is a multiple piston engine coaxially
connected with a vertical pump, which
uses sea waves as propeller, utilizing the
combined factors:
Archimede’s prinìiple
Clapotis effect
Waves focalization
o w c m
The project is a spin off of an origional idea
of Domenico Bozano, well known inventor
of several marine systems, and it has been
refined through the cooperation of a few
institutional bodies
Fase 1 – a – porto antico – 0,6 kmworking principle
Clean water from open sea is pulled up to the top of the sea wall through the
vertical movement of the piston (a floating device) generated by the pushing
of the waves. A coaxial vertical pump attached to the piston fills a very long
water tank placed on top of the sea wall, from which tank the water
precipitates in a turbine/generator placed a few meters below, and from the
turbine, through ducts, the water is driven in dirty areas of the port to clean
inner waters
participating bodies
Institutional bodies
Hydrographic Institute of the
Navystudy of sea waves
Port Authority of Genoaauthorization to do tests
on the outer sea wall
University of Genoatests on models and final tests
Prof. Paul Noja policy and scientific coordination
Regione Liguria / filseEuropean Community financing
participating bodies
operational
risorse per l’ambiente
Project management
general montaggi genovesi
System manufacturing
Port Authority
made available the area in the sea
wall for installing the prototype and
conducting tests
Hydrographic institute of the Navy
Study of the meteo-marine conditions in
the port of Genoa.
University of GenoaFaculty of engineering
Tests of models in the<water tank
Final tests of the prototype
General montaggi genovesi
prototype manufacturing
Risorse per l’ambiente
project development
Starting data
Meteo-marine conditions in the port of
Genoa
Sea state
182 days per year with wave higher than 1 meterAverage on 19 years study
Study from companies building marinas
wave height cm days useful
days
0-50 87
100 104 104
0
150 51 51
0
200-250 37 37
0
300-350 12 12
291 204
Sea state – other sources
204 days per year with waves higher than one meter
o w c m
Owcm is a piston engine coaxially
connected with a vertical pump, which
uses sea waves as propeller, utilizing the
combined factors:
Archimede’s prinìiple
Clapotis effect
Waves focalization
Archimede’s principle
A body immersed in a liquidreceives an up push equal to the
weight of the lquid it moves
Clapotis effect
Effetto clapotis
When a wave approaches a vertical sea wall its height doubles
Wave focalization
The entrance of the water has a parabolic section which has
double width of the cylinder, so water flowing inside gets a
further acceleration to better push up the piston
o w c m development
1:20 model
Foto modelli 1:20
Target of the model: verification of the working principle
Tests of the model in the water tank
of the university
Filmati test in vasca
tests results in the water tank
Execution of qualitative tests with artificially producedwaves
Verification of the effect produced by the variation of the waves entrance vane of the model
Verification of the principle of operation
Construction of prototype in scale
1:5
target:
Verification of the operationin real conditions with sea waves
Prototype design in scale 1:5
Disegno pre-prototipo
Construction of the prototype
Test of the prototype inside the port
Transportation of the prototype to sea wall
Prototype installed on sea wall
Container housing the turbine/generator complexand instrumentation for execution of tests
Observations
Meteo station
Wind speed and direction
Wave meter
Visual double wave meter
for normal wave and
Clapotis effect
measurement
Twin laser wave meter
Measurement and analysis instruments
flux meter pressure meter
voltmeter
wind station and data loggerwater tank level
output
electrical energy drinking water
turbine and generator
data
mathematical model for components dimensioning
data
diametro raggio escursione volume portata numero pompe
tubo tubo tubo pompa pompa x secondo 1 100 200 300
pompa pompa cm 3 litri x onda periodo s m3/sec litri/sec litri/min m3/s m3/s m3/s
cm cm 3,14 100 cm3 1.000 m3 5 1.000 60
7 4 4 3,14 100 3.847 0,004 0,00 0,1 0,2 0,2
10 5 5 3,14 100 7.850 0,008 0,00 0,2 0,3 0,5
12,2 6,1 6,1 3,14 100 11.684 11,68 0,012 0,002 0,0023 2,3368 140 0,23 0 1
15,0 8 8 3,14 100 17.663 0,018 0,004 0,0035 0,35 1 1
60 30 30 3,14 100 282.600 0,283 0,06 6 11 17
80 40 40 3,14 100 502.400 0,502 0,10 10 20 30
90 45 45 3,14 100 635.850 0,636 0,13 13 25 38
100 50 50 3,14 100 785.000 0,785 0,16 16 31 47
120 60 60 3,14 100 1.130.400 1,130 0,23 23 45 68
140 70 70 3,14 100 1.538.600 1,539 0,31 31 62 92
160 80 80 3,14 100 2.009.600 2,010 0,40 40 80 121
180 90 90 3,14 100 2.543.400 2,543 0,51 51 102 153
200 100 100 3,14 100 3.140.000 3,140 0,63 63 126 188
underwater tube
mathematical model for components dimensioning
data
diametro raggio altezza
tubo tubo tubo guida
portata portata cm 3
cm cm 3,14 780 m3 kg
7 4 4 3,14 780 0,03 30,00
10 5 5 3,14 780 0,06 61,23
12,2 6,1 6,1 3,14 780 0,09 91,13
13,1 6,6 6,6 3,14 780 0,11 105,08
58 29 29 3,14 780 2,06 2.059,78
78 39 39 3,14 780 3,73 3.725,23
88 44 44 3,14 780 4,74 4.741,65
100 50 50 3,14 780 6,12 6.123,00
118 59 59 3,14 780 8,53 8.525,67
140 70 70 3,14 780 12,00 12.001,08
158 79 79 3,14 780 15,29 15.285,46
178 89 89 3,14 780 19,40 19.400,11
198 99 99 3,14 780 24,00 24.004,61
Upper tube
mathematical model for components dimensioning
data
diametro raggio altezza
galleggiante galleggiante galleggiante peso spinta spinta
cm 3 gallegg netta residua
cm cm 3,14 100 m3 kg
30 15 15 3,14 100 0,07 70,65
40 20 20 3,14 100 0,13 125,60
40 20 20 3,14 100 0,13 125,60
60,6 30 30 3,14 100 0,29 288,28 55,00 233,28 128,20
80 40 40 3,14 100 0,50 502,40
90 45 45 3,14 100 0,64 635,85
110 55 55 3,14 100 0,95 949,85
120 60 60 3,14 100 1,13 1.130,40
140 70 70 3,14 100 1,54 1.538,60
160 80 80 3,14 100 2,01 2.009,60
180 90 90 3,14 100 2,54 2.543,40
200 100 100 3,14 100 3,14 3.140,00
300 150 150 3,14 100 7,07 7.065,00 300,00 6.765,00 - 5.823,00
400 200 200 3,14 100 12,56 12.560,00
500 250 250 3,14 100 19,63 19.625,00
606 303 303 3,14 100 28,83 28.828,03 g
piston/buoy
mathematical model for components dimensioning
data
Observations and measurements on working prototype
Verifications on working prototype
No appreciable deviation from mathematical model
check of technical working (valves and teflon rings)
Verification of movement of the piston according to the movement of the wave meters buoys
Verification of water production
Verification of production of electrical energy
Verification of production of drinking water
Full scale module
Target of full scale module:
1 – verification of quantitative results for production module
2 – optimization of industrial production (1.200 pumps)
Full scale module
Cilinder: 3,20 meter diameter built in concrete
Internal piston:3 meters diameter built in
fiberglass flowing through teflon vertical bars
Fase 1 – a – porto antico – 0,6 kmKaplan turbine coupled with 3 MW generator
Full scale module
Modello matematico
matemathical model to choose the diameter and up push of the piston
full scale module
Forecast of water and energy production
Development forecast in the port of Genoa
First phase (A): east dam: 1 module = 3 MW
Second phase (B): airport dam: 8 modules = 24 MW
Third phase (C): containers port : 3 modules = 9 MW
2,0 km4,6 km0,6 km
Canalizzazione acque puliteTransfer of clean water to the port
1.296.000 cubic meters per hour of clean water toexchange the water in particularly sensible areas
Business plan data
System cost: 180 million euro
break-even: 4 years
ROI: 18 % per year in full operation
Possible developments in short time
Solar panels equipped with Fresnel lenses
boasting 31% efficiencyself directional and self protecting from weather adversities
wind sun
Connclusions on owcm
