Slide 1

End of stamping Get your stamp in 5 minutes.

This bar timer will start when anywhere on the slide is clicked. The bar will move from left to right and the word End will appear at the end, accompanied by a Deep Gong sound. It is possible to change the duration of this timer to any time, by entering the animation settings, and changing the timing for rectangle 3. Note the time has to be entered as a number of seconds so if you want 2mins & 30secs this is entered as 150 (60X2 + 30 = 150).

1expanded answermnemonictea: make snakes Tropicalthermosphere: mesosphereStratosphereTroposphere2exosphereionosphereexoiono

End of stamping Get your stamp in 5 minutes.

This bar timer will start when anywhere on the slide is clicked. The bar will move from left to right and the word End will appear at the end, accompanied by a Deep Gong sound. It is possible to change the duration of this timer to any time, by entering the animation settings, and changing the timing for rectangle 3. Note the time has to be entered as a number of seconds so if you want 2mins & 30secs this is entered as 150 (60X2 + 30 = 150).

33 methods of poppingconduction convectionradiation4

expanded answer5

Atmosphere and the Big Four Systems of Our Earth

See your Atmosphere Guided Notes.6Composition of EarthEarth has 4 interactive systems:

7The Atmosphere layer of gas that surrounds Earth, more commonly known as air.

8Composition of Earths AtmosphereatmosphereMostly Nitrogen and OxygenHas layersProtects us from meteors and comets, x-rays, gamma rays, ultra violet lightWater vapor is responsible for clouds and precipitationComposition is almost constant EXCEPT for water (from 0 to 5% --not shown in the pie chart above)

9Atmosphere. How do you know its there?Is this air that surrounds us considered to be matter? Does it weigh anything? How do you know? Think about it and decide on answers.Talk in groups if assigned by teacher.Be ready to tell the class what you decided and why.Dont start cooperative group work unless you know and follow group rules.Any questions?10Weight of the atmosphere

Gases are in the atmosphere.Their elements are listed in the periodic table: Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, HydrogenAir is matter! Sound can travel through it. It has volume and mass.

11Even though you cant see them, atoms make up gases.Are some atoms bigger than others? Are their atomic weights all the same?

12Helium vs. Carbon Dioxide

Do you think of helium as light and floating or heavy and falling?

Do you think about Carbon Dioxide as light and floating or heavy and falling? Think about the gas released from dry ice--does it go up or down?http://jp.youtube.com/watch?v=F239cINIADs

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Troposphere, Water, and CloudsAmong other gases, there is water vapor in the troposphere. The amount varies.You cannot see water vapor.Clouds form when air rises, cools to its dew point, and becomes saturated with water vapor.Water changes state. Bits of liquid and solid water can remain suspended in air.

14Precipitation-falling water in the form of rain, freezing rain, sleet, snow, or hail

15Water Cycle Demonstration(involves redistribution of water)

16So water changes state. Why does that matter so much?Changing state:Redistributes fresh water all over Earthhttp://earthguide.ucsd.edu/earthguide/diagrams/watercycle/Causes much wind!

Models of these phenomena will be demonstrated now, if possible. Try to figure out how they represent Earth.17Water Vapor Demonstration(involves huge change in volume)

18Composition of Earths atmosphereThe AtmospherelayersExosphereThermosphereIonosphereMesosphereStratosphereTroposphereWhat is below thetroposphere?geosphere (solid Earth)

Exosphere19

Layers of the Atmosphere(Exosphere)--Thermosphere--Mesosphere--Stratosphere--TroposphereTurn over to page 2 of your Guided Notes handout, half way down the page.Fill in the graphic organizer as you learn.20Where does the troposphere fit in?Earths 4 main systems:The AtmosphereTroposphereContains most clouds and weather.Temperature cools as you go higher; ~50% of suns energy enters, 50% is reflected back.Most of the tropospheres heat has bounced back from Earth (mostly from convection)StratosphereMesosphereThermosphereThe HydrosphereThe BiosphereThe Geosphere

Exosphere21Atmosphere(Exosphere)Thermosphere--Mesosphere--Stratosphere--Troposphere--Contains most clouds and weather.Temperature cools as you go higher; 50% of suns energy passes through, 50% is reflected back.Most of the tropospheres heat is from Earth (convection)Write it here.22Troposphere and Weather(Turn back to p. 1)Weatherthe atmospheres condition in terms of temperature, cloud cover, wind speed and direction, humidity, and air pressure.What are different types of weather? (You tell me.) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________23Temperaturea measure of how fast air molecules are moving.When molecules are moving rapidly, temperature is high.Celsius and Fahrenheit thermometers measure air temperature.Earths Weatherin the Troposphere24What is the temperature like today?Hot/ Cold ______________________Degrees Fahrenheit_______________Degrees Celsius _________________http://www.weather.com/weather/hourbyhour/graph/Winston-Salem+NC+27104:4:USEnergy is transferred between fast-moving molecules and slower-moving molecules.Earths Weatherin the Troposphere

25Energy is transferred by:Conductiontransfer of energy when molecules collide, e.g. from hot pavement to your bare feet.Give an example of something heating up due to conduction.Convection, which occurs from moving fluids,as when warm air rises and cool air sinks, e.g. Give an example of something heating up due to convection.Radiationtransfer of energy by waves or rays, e.g. sun warming your face.Includes light, microwaves, and heat.Heat is infrared radiation.

Earths Weather in the Troposphere

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Conduction, convection, radiation are all occurring here. Can you identify them? 3 methods of poppingconduction convectionradiation27

28Air pressure the weight of air. Since air is a fluid, the weight pushes in all directions, not just down.Air pressure varies from one place to anotherWarmer air is less dense and exerts less pressure.Cooler air is more dense and exerts more pressure.Works just like other fluids, such as water.Earths Weatherin the Troposphere29Air Pressure Demonstration or Discussion Write about what you learned.

30Humidity the amount of water vapor in the airTemperature affects humidity31Dewpointtemperature at which the air is holding as much water vapor as it can(What happens when temperature drops?)Relative humidity a measure of the amount of water vapor present compared to the amount that could be held at a specific temperature.32THAT WAS ALL ABOUT THE TROPOSPHERE!

Lets cover the other layers briefly.Fill in information about each layer as we come to it.Atmosphere(Exosphere)Thermosphere--Mesosphere--Stratosphere--TroposphereAltitude and temperature

What does this mean?33

34Composition of Earths atmosphereEarth Has 4 main systems that interact:The AtmosphereTroposphereStratosphere10 km to 50 km contains ozone (the ozone layer) that absorbs much of the Suns ultraviolet radiation.Gets warmer as you go up!MesosphereThermosphereThe HydrosphereThe BiosphereThe Geosphere

35Atmosphere(Exosphere)Thermosphere--Mesosphere- Stratosphere--10 km to 50 km Contains ozone, which absorbs much of Suns ultraviolet radiation. Gets warmer as you go up.Troposphere--Contains most clouds and weather. Most of the tropospheres heat is from Earth. Temperature cools about 6.5 degrees Celsius per kilometer of altitude.

36Composition of Earths atmosphereEarth Has 4 main systems that interact:The AtmosphereTroposphereStratosphereMesosphere50-85 kmThe coldest part of the atmosphere (to -90C)Gets colder as you go up. ThermosphereThe HydrosphereThe BiosphereThe Geosphere

37Atmosphere(Exosphere)Thermosphere--Mesosphere- 50-85 km, The coldest part of the atmosphere (to -90C)Gets colder as altitude gets higher.Stratosphere--10 km to 50 km , contains ozone that absorbs much of the Suns ultraviolet radiation.Gets warmer as you go up.Troposphere--Contains most clouds and weather. Most of the tropospheres heat is from Earth Temperature cools about 6.5 degrees Celsius per kilometer of altitude.

38Composition of Earths atmosphereEarth has 4 main interactive systems:1. The AtmosphereTroposphereStratosphereMesosphereThermosphere80-500 kmTemperatures increase up to 1,700CFilters out x-rays and gamma rays from the sun. This is an image of the space shuttle as it is orbiting around the Earth. The space shuttle orbits in the thermosphere of the Earth.

2. The Hydrosphere3. The Biosphere4. The Geosphere

39Atmosphere(Exosphere)Thermosphere-- 80-500 km, Temperatures increase up to 1,700C. Filters out x-rays and gamma rays from the sun. The space shuttle orbits in the thermosphere.Mesosphere--The temperature drops when you go higher, like it does in the troposphere. Coldest part of the atmosphereStratosphere--from 10 km to 50 km above Earths surface, this layer contains ozone that absorbs much of Suns ultraviolet radiation.

Troposphere--Contains most clouds and weather., Most of the tropospheres heat is from Earth, Temperature cools about 6.5 degrees Celsius per kilometer of altitude.

40Thermosphere: IonosphereIonosphere is the inner part of the thermospherea layer of electrically charged particlesThis layer allows radio waves to travel across the country to another city.www.blo ust.com/henley http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/earthguide/diagrams/atmosphere/index.html

41Thermosphere: ExosphereThe outer part of the thermosphereThe last layer of the atmosphereDifficult to tell where it stops and space beginsVery few molecules in this layer of the atmosphereTemperature gets higher with higher altitude (e.g. 17,000 degrees C)But if we could visit, it would not feel hot. Why is that?42Atmosphere(Exosphere)-The outer part of the thermosphere. Difficult to tell where it stops and space begins, Very few atoms in this layer of the atmosphere. Higher altitude~higher temperature.Thermosphere-- The air is really thin that high up. The temperature changes with the solar activity. If the sun is active, temperatures in the thermosphere can get up to 1,500C or higher! High temperature, but would not feel hot if we could visit. (Why?)Mesosphere--The temperature drops when you go higher, like it does in the troposphere. Coldest part of the atmosphereStratosphere--from 10 km to 50 km above Earths surface, this layer contains ozone that absorbs much of the Suns ultraviolet radiation.

Troposphere--Contains most clouds and weather., Most of the tropospheres heat is from Earth, Temperature cools about 6.5 degrees Celsius per kilometer of altitude.

Ionosphere: the inner part of the thermospherea layer of electrically charged particles within the mesosphere and thermosphere This layer allows radio waves to travel.43Atmosphere(Exosphere)-The outer part of the thermosphere. Difficult to tell where it stops and space begins, Very few atoms in this layer of the atmosphere. Higher altitude~higher temperature.Thermosphere Thin air. Temperature rises as you go higher. Usually divided into ionosphere and exosphere.Mesosphere--The temperature drops when you go higher, like it does in the troposphere. Coldest part of the atmosphere.Stratospherecontains the ozone that absorbs much of the Suns ultraviolet radiation. Some jet planes fly here.

Troposphere--Contains most clouds and weather. Most of the tropospheres heat is from Earth, which is why temperature cools as you go higher. We live here.

Ionosphere: the inner part of the thermospherea layer of electrically charged particles within the mesosphere and thermosphere This layer allows radio waves to travel.44Go back to the top of p. 1:one reason the magnetosphere is importantThe Sun spits out hazardous stuff that we call solar windcharged particles and ions, globs of plasma, and other hazardous-to-life things. The magnetic field around Earth deflects the solar winds around the Earth.(In other words, the magnetosphere protects us from solar winds.)Key TermsIdentify each. In this case, identify means write something important.dew pointsaturateelementconductionconvectionradiationvaporgasliquidsolidweightpressurefluid

45Any questions?46Week#29, 2013-14

Today

Copy first, then respond.Wednesday, April 16

ESSENTIAL QUESTION EQ: Tropical snakes make tea with Iono and Exo. What does it mean?

Quotationto relate to science or life Oh, what a tangled web we weave / When first we practice to deceive!Sir Walter Scott

Homework Homework: SRA booklet #___ due tomorrow.

Announcements, Questions???, Review A, Q, R report cards

Students ObjectiveObj. 7.E.1 Atmosphere, Weather, Climate

Teacher presents. atmosphere notes / demonstrations

Students do. Finish atmosphere guided notes 15-minute video notes. Fill out SRA log (pink sheet, record #1)

Week#29, 2013-14

Today

Copy first, then respond.Thursday, April 17

ESSENTIAL QUESTION EQ: What are three ways that energy can be transferred to popcorn in order to pop it?

Quotationto relate to science or life What goes around comes around.proverb

Homework Homework: SRA make-up if necessary.

Announcements, Questions???, Review A, Q, R

Students ObjectiveObj. 7.E.1 Atmosphere, Weather, Climate

Teacher presents. atmosphere notes / demonstrations

Students do. Update SRA log (pink sheet, record #1) Mark due dates for 47, 36, 37, 38