PGCE Coursework AssignmentCore Module 2

Enabling Learning and Assessment

Presented by Wendy Holland

The selection of valid and reliable assessment strategies is crucial to

effective lesson planning.

Formative (Assessment for Learning) “… can help learning if it provides information to be used as feedback by teachers, and by their students in assessing themselves and each other, to modify the teaching and learning activities in which they are engaged “ (Black et al. 2003, p.2).

Summative (Assessment of Learning)“… most frequently applied at the end of a topic or course, is not usually analysed for feedback, but used as an estimate of knowledge and skills learned in readiness for further applications.”(Child 2007, p.501)

Learner Centred (Assessment as Learning)“… will reveal not only what students know and understand, but will also capture how those new learnings came about… and will be used to provoke further learning and focused instruction” (Earl & Cousins 1995, p.57).

Examples of Formative Assessment

Written

Gapped hand-outs

Mini white-boards

Informal

Oral questions

Observation

Computer based

Visual tests

Video

Word games

Quizzes

Crosswords

Informal Observation and Questioning

“Formative assessment activities may … be a spontaneous, small scale or even unconscious part of the teacher’s repertoire” (Avis et al. 2010, p.170)

Gapped hand-outs and mini-whiteboards

“… ensure that all learners are given the best possible opportunity to fulfil their aspirations, … nobody should be excluded because of underdeveloped language and literacy skills” (Appleyard & Appleyard 2009, p.5)

Powerpoint presentation tests and video clip recaps

“ICT can encompass a wide variety of activities besides e-learning, using computers or accessing the internet. You might deliver … a blended approach of traditional teaching supported with access to technology” (Gravells 2011, p.69).

Matching word games, quizzes & crosswords

“… games can produce intense involvement, and a quality of concentration no other teaching method can match” (Petty 2009, p.247).

Examples of Summative Assessment

Competence evidence

Written tests

Oral exam

Performance evidence

Examplesof work

Formal observation

Supporting evidence

Projects

Schedules

Supplementary Evidence

Portfolios

Records of achievement

Examples of work and formal observation

“Performance must be tested using valid assessment methods and endorsed by the best current practice.”(Jarvis 2004, p.237)

Written tests and oral questions

“Although external awarding bodies may offer guidance and training with respect to assessment, it is the responsibility of tutors … to assess and monitor student progress”(Armitage et al. 2007, p.143)

Technical schedules and projects

“In … practical assignments it is necessary to strike a balance between the assessment of the finished product/design/result and the skills and knowledge used in achieving that result.” (Huddleston & Unwin 2007, p.185)

Records of Achievement and portfolios

“Unlike many traditional forms of assessment, Records of Achievement concentrate on what students can do rather than what they cannot do.”(Brown & Knight 1994, p.94)

Berberis thunbergii Verbena bonariensis

Taxus baccata Quercus rober

Trained as Arch Espaliered

Wall Trained Under Glass

Plants as Design Features Methods of Growing Fruit

Examples of Learner Centred AssessmentInformal self assessmentSetting own

objectives

Refection in and on action

Formal self referencing

ILP

IDP

Emerging concepts

RARPA

Learner Led

Online Blogs &

e-portfolios

Skills tests

Self assessing by target setting and reflection

“Personal autonomy derives from knowledge of one’s strengths and weaknesses, learning habits and potential choices for action and progression.” (Ecclestone 2005, p.68)

Emerging Concepts: RARPA and Learner Led

“… giving people access to the outcomes and criteria … not only encourages students to engage more actively with assessment but also makes evidence of achievement more flexible and therefore less dependent on formal structures and syllabi.” (Ecclestone 2002, p.2)

e-portfolios, blogs and skills tests

“In order to take advantage of the opportunities that ICT will increasingly provide and to continue to participate in society requires that users are able to enhance their skills and knowledge and adapt to new situations.” (Clarke 2009, p.14)

Individual Learning/Development Plans

“… a process in which students’ own starting points are identified and targets set against which future progress can be assessed. The student can then reflect on their learning goals independently of the teacher” (Avis et al., 2010, p.170).

“Like learning and teaching, assessment is not a singular entity. It is complex and dynamic, and it deserves to be

differentiated and understood in all of its intricacy.”(Earl 2003, p.13)