Emerging Prospects of Bio-Digital City As an Innovative Urban Paradigm

Oct. 30, 2018

Seongu Chang, Ph.D.

Invited Prof., Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering @ KAIST

Adjunct Prof., Smart City Research Center/KAIST Initiative for Disaster Studies

Chair, Cities of Tomorrow Forum

Lin

ear M

eta

bolis

mC

ircula

r Meta

bolis

mC

ase S

tudy

Zero Emission Village - Weilerbach

Sustainable Adelaide

Urban Renaissance London

Dongtan Zero Emission City

to Circular metabolism”

“from Linear metabolism

Smart City As a Biotic Creature Needing Homeostasis & Circular Metabolism

출처: 토지주택연구원 도시재생 연구실

Civic Nerve System

Supported by Digital

Revolution

Internet w/t mobile devices

becomes major channel for

-Connecting people

on the globe

-Providing cyber space

for shopping, education,

business, trade, health care,

entertainment and social

Interaction

So, the urban life now includes

physical world plus cyber

world together.

Optical FiberNetwork System

Input / Output

Source: James Law Cybertecture International

Digital Innovations for Smart Cities

Internet of Things( IoT) Cloud/Mobile Computing Big Data Analytics

New Urban Initiatives: 2018 Bio-Digital City Workshop in Paris, France

• Location/Dates : Paris National Science Museum in La villette, 10 days in July, 2018

• Participants : Mainly participants came from French universities plus special guests from outside. KAIST students and professors.

• Theme : 2018 topic is "Biomimicry, digital city and big data" ; The workshop focused on the high density city and particularly on an automatic all-recycling building (recycling, storage, services, robots, digital). The projects were bio-inspired. The building was designed in relation with an agricultural land. Each team worked on a building district, developing a specific aspect (energy, ...).

Team Project Inspired by Jellyfish Metaphor

Team Project Inspired by Sand Dune Metaphor

Data Driven Characteristics of a Smart City

Cities challenges vs citizens interests

Cities face quite similar challenges, most of them related to sustainability

Cities interests

Electricity Supply

i.e. Caracas, Germany

Safety

i.e México City, Rio de

Janeiro

Business &

commerce

Traffic & mobility

Management)

i.e. Beijing, Barcelona,

Cairo

Waste & Water

ManagementTourism & cultural

engagement

i.e. Paris, Buenos Aires,

Florence

Sources: (1) McKinsey Global Institute - Big Data Report, May 2011. (2) 2012E, Strategy Analytics , Global Social Network Market Forecast, Oct 2011. (3) United Nations, April 2010, (4) Youtube 2011

i.e. Sao Paulo, New Delhi,

Panama

i.e. Berlin, New York,

Tokyo.

Exemplary Applications of Smart City Technologies

DSM: Demand Side Management MDMS-Meter Data Management System

Fine Dust Control

Facility Management

Waste Treatment

Smart Grid

Smart Transportation

Smart City Global Community Promotion Trend

• Out of the 608 global smart city projects estimated by Japan's Nikkei BP, projects account for more than 84% of the five major countries / regions including China, the US, Japan, Europe, and Korea.

• In particular, developed countries are adopting a strategy to build a new city, while smart cities tend to approach urban renewal by introducing new vitality to existing cities.

• The US federal government delegates the establishment of smart cities to state governments, municipalities, and private companies, without proposing any other smart city initiatives outside the energy and medical sectors.

• In Europe, the European Commission (EC) oversees policies promoting the introduction of Smart City, which focuses on energy and transport at the EU level, and specific projects are being undertaken individually in each country or city.

• In Europe, Spain's Barcelona and Vienna are attracting attention as the most popular smart city policy. The two cities are working on projects with Cisco and Siemens, respectively.

• According to a report by Arup in the UK, by 2020, the global smart city industry has a market opportunity of $ 200 billion, with the UK accounting for 10% of the market.

Smart City Global Community Promotion Trend

https://www.slideshare.net/manjumanjusha/ppt-on-smart-city

• Education and research: ZENEM, Marxbox (Austria's largest green experimental building), CLUE (carbon emission reduction)

TRANSFORM (Energy Policy)

• Health and social services: Senior Pad (tablet service for seniors)

• Building activities and living: Aspen Vienna city of Lakeside, Marxbox, free from cars, bicycles

City, etc.

• Transportation and Urban Planning: Energy Saving Tram, Aspen Project, Urban Development Plan, City Bike Vienna, on-demand

e-mobility, SMILE (smart mobility information and ticketing system)

• Environmental and climate protection: EcoVienna, a citizen-funded solar plant, Innospirit (for cities and regions

Improvement of technology utilization), reduction of carbon dioxide emission in Austria Post etc.

• People and Society: Citizen-funded solar plants

• Politics and Administration / ICT: Open Government Data

Siemens in Germany is working with Vienna, Austria to conduct a large-scale smart city project,

It will create a future city with 20,000 people, and will spend $ 51 million to build a living laboratory in the northeast of Vienna. It will be built in Aspen.

Exemplary Smart City Projects: Vienna, Austria

• In the UK, the Technology Strategy Board (TSB), which

was established in 2007, received proposals from

local governments as part of its Smart City project in

2012, and in January 2013, Glasgow surpassed 30

competitors 6) Glassgow will receive a total of 24

million pounds and will focus on solving traffic, crime,

energy and environmental issues.

Exemplary Smart city Projects: Glasgow, UK

• Amsterdam offers free WiFi, smart street lamps, fuel cell, health, smart

grid, smart parking, traffic control, and parking in all three areas,

focusing on five themes: living, working, Traffic management, and

smart home.

• To achieve this goal, 800,000 people in Amsterdam are deploying and

installing smart energy appliances in smart meters and over 200

households in more than 700 households in the city and receiving data

on energy use.

• Smart meters, and smart energy, we saved CO2, electricity, and gas

consumption.

• Another smart city organization in Amsterdam is Amsterdam Smart City

(ASC). Initiatives are divided into eight business groups.

• These efforts have made Amsterdam the number one city in smart city

rankings.

Exemplary Smart city Projects: Amsterdam, Netherland

• Domestic also selected Smart City as one of the 17 new growth engines

of the government' to lead the future of Korea in 2009. The Ministry of

Land, Infrastructure & Transport and Tourism has provided support to

nine government projects from four central government departments

for specialized projects. In the case of Busan City, disaster prevention,

environment, health care were supported.

• Seoul also announced plans for 'Smart Seoul 2015' in June 2011 and will

invest 850 billion won by 2015. These are the four strategic tasks of

'smart city technology', 'smart administration communicating with

citizens', 'future city life infrastructure', 'creative smart economy, global

culture city' Information security enhancement, CCTV advancement,

traffic information service, and full disclosure of public information.

• Smart cities will be built in Cheongna and Songdo International cities

and Yeongjong heaven cities by 2020. For the five areas of

transportation, crime prevention, environment, facility management,

and urban service provision, the Bus Express system, Security CCTV, and

remote fire alarm camera.

Exemplary Smart city Projects: Korea

Challenge1:Overcoming Difficulties in accessing data sources

CURE SW Development CASE

Web and GIS based software for sustainable 7 target facilities

planning: sewage treatment plant, small hydro power

generation facility, construction waste treatment facility, landfill,

incinerator, food waste treatment facility

CURE 1.0 SW

Database Web Interface

Web Browser

I/O API

Model식

GIS Engine

Layer Representation

Geography Search

Path Finding

Operations

Connection

User

Evaluator

System Administrator

인터넷

Integrated Platform

Other Systems

SW Architecture SW Components

Multi-phased and carefully

planned City: Singapore

One North”

BiopolisPAPI House: Self-Powered Street Light(Nagoya, Japan)

Challenge2: Carefully

arranged technology for

economic and sustainable

solutions. (Applying

technologies in beneficiary

and sustainable ways is

critical to avoid problematic

operation/maintenance cost)

Challenge3: Exercising

Highly focused multi-

phased development

propelled by well

organized public/private

sector consortium

Challenge4:

Maintaining or

increasing jobs for

people while smart city

related systems are

mostly reducing human

workloads

20

0

5

10City services

People

Business

TransportCommunication

Energy

Water

Average

City 4

Best Practice

WWW.IBM.COM출처

Measure and compare the current state of cities on the different systems, separately and connected

• The Smarter City Assessment Tool has been developed by IBM Global Location Strategies on the basis of proven location assessment methodologies for assessing business locations

• The Tool ‘measures’ cities’ performance against many indicators for each of the Smarter City systems

• It allows benchmarking of a city’s overall capabilities against peer locations, and best practice

• The Tool identifies challenges that cities face and where improvements can be made

Smartness of European Cities

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

City 1 City 2 City 3 City 4 City 5 City 6 City 7 City 8 City 9

Water

Energy

Transport

Communication

Business

People

City services

Smarter City

Assessment Tool

출처:IBM

How to Evaluate Smart Cities Focusing on Public Sector