emergency operations centers & incident action planning process john lindsay and ann stangby
TRANSCRIPT
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Emergency Operations Centers&
Incident Action Planning Process
John Lindsay and Ann Stangby
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Session Objectives
• Explain the purpose and major functions of the Emergency Operations Center (EOC).
• Describe the process of information flow within the EOC.
• Discuss the operational hierarchy within the emergency management system.
• Explain the Incident Action Planning process.
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Types of events
• Immediate threats to life and property.
• Loss of facility operating status.
• Facility support to other facilities or national problems.
EOC Required?
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Definition of an EOC
“An unfamiliar place
where leaders of an organization go
to make decisions
in little or no time
based on little or no information”Snowshoe Thompson, 1856
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Why Is an EOC Needed?
• Centralized direction and control
• Single point for collection, evaluation, display and dissemination of information
• Facilitates verification of information
• Provides a repository of data
• Makes maximum use of existing communications
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Why an EOC is Needed (con’t)
• Facilitates coordination
• Provides continuity and facilitates shift changes
• Provides for the identification of all available resources
• Provides a ready reference on the current situation
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Major Functions of an EOC
• Information gathering and management– collection, evaluation, display, documentation
• Emergency policy-making• Operations management / action planning
– Communications and warning
• Coordination / support of resources• Public information• Hosting Visitors
• After: Perry, R. in T. Drabek, and G. Hoetmer (eds.) 1991. Emergency Management: Principles and Practice for Local Government. Washington: ICMA
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Basic EOC Capabilities
• Activated quickly (within an hour ?).
• Remain operational.
• Afford space for other agencies.
• Offer communications per work space.
• Perform information processing, coordination and documentation functions.
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EOC Staffing &Management
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EOC Staff
• Agency administrator• EOC Director
– Public Information Officer, Liaison Officer
• General staff sections from ICS– Operations, Plans, Logistics, Finance
• Support (security, communications, etc.)• Clerical
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Management Principles
• Management by objectives.
• Clear management responsibilities (“unity of command”) and delegation of authority.
• Span of Control.
• Action Planning.
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EOC Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
• Use of information processing systems.
• Communications with external entities.
• Managing resource requests.
• Preparing coordinated public information.
• Activation and establishing the EOC.
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General EOCActivation Criteria
• Resources required beyond local capabilities
• The emergency is of long duration
• Multiple agency/jurisdictional involvement
• Unique or emerging problem(s) may require policy decisions
• A local state of emergency declared
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Situation Reports
Travel Orders
Resource Activation
Mission Assignments
Computer Problems
Work Environment
Shift Schedules
Conference Calls
Inter-agency Liaison
Incident Status
Resource Status
Office Supplies
Briefings
Shift Action Plan
Parking/Bldg. Access
Procurement/Budget
OperationsSectionActivities
ICS Management Functions
PlansSection
LogisticsSection
FinanceSection
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Managing Time
• Establishing the operational period• Cycle of activities
– First operational period– Remaining operational periods
• Shift change meetings
• Situation briefing
• Action planning meeting
• Brief supervisors on plan
• Track, coordinate incident progress
• Situation updates
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Set Priorities•Status briefing•Establish/modify priorities
Develop objectives•Support priorities•Resolve conflicts
Develop plansBased on prioritiesand assigned objectives
Implement plans•Coordinate & execute•Report accomplishments
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EOC Communications
• Purpose:– Communication / Coordination / Direction– Information sharing– Decision making – Emergency activities
• Demands– High volume of information– Requirement for good communication between
all parties
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Communication Considerations
• Flexibility - able to fit different situations
• Redundancy - works when you need it
• Universality - in common with others
• Capacity - able to handle the volume
• Distribution of loads between alternatives– Speed - how long will it take to get there?– Priority - how long will it take to be acted on?
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Types of Messages
4 types of messages:
• Inquiries asking for information
• Advisories providing information
• Requests asking for resources or decisions
• Orders directing resources or activities
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Information Management
Source(s)
Telephone
Radio
FAX
Mass Media
Rumor
Verify
Analyze
Log
Synthesize
VisualDisplays
SituationBriefings
ActionPlans
SituationReports
HistoricalRecords
Distribute
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Displays
• Situation Status (SITSTAT)• Incident history• Current status
– Patients, facilities, weather
• Current objectives and assignments• Resource Status
– Assigned resources– Available (staged) resources
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Common Mistakes
• Unworkable Emergency Operations Plan
• No knowledge of disaster resources
• Lack of visible leadership
• Not controlling information flow
• Untrained staff
• Key people leave
• Not focusing on what happens next !
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Operational Hierarchy
ESF Lead Agency EOC(s)
HCF EOC(s)
Network EOC(s)
Local Gov’t / County EOC(s)
State EOC(s)
DHS’s Regional EOC
DHS’s National EOC
Incident Site(s)
DHS’s Disaster Field
Office
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Incident Action PlanningProcess
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Action Planning Process
MgmtPlans
LogisticsFinance
BusinessContinuity
Safety &Security
Equip,Plant & Util
Health &Medical
Operations
Overall Objectives& Priorities
Situation
Tactical Objectives,Resource Needs
Capability &Capacity
Cost
Plans
FinalizeAction Plan Mgmt
Approve,ImplementAction Plan
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Operational Period
• The period of time scheduled for execution of a given set of actions specified in an IAP.
• Can be of any length, although rarely longer than 24 hours.
• Not necessarily related to shift length.
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Briefing Topics
• Date/time of start of incident• Type of incident• Services involved• Current incident status• Current resource status• Current strategy/objectives• Communications systems being used• Special problems/issues
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Incident Action Planning Steps...
• Brief on current situation and resource status
• Set incident objectives
• Determine areas of operation
• Specify objectives and tactics for each group
• Specify resources needed by each group
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IAP Steps (con’t)
• Specify operating facilities and reporting locations
• Place resource and personnel orders
• Consider communications, medical, safety and traffic requirements
• Finalize, approve and implement
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IAP Responsibilities:Management
• Provide general control objectives and strategy
• Establish policy for resource orders
• Approve completed IAP
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IAP Responsibilities:Planning Chief
• Prepare for the Planning Meeting
• Conduct the Planning Meeting
• Coordinate preparation of the IAP
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IAP Responsibilities:Operations Chief
• Determine area(s) of operation
• Determine tactics
• Determine work assignments
• Determine resource requirements
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IAP Responsibilities:Logistics Chief
• Ensure resource ordering procedures are developed
• Ensure the IAP can be supported
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IAP Responsibilities:Finance Chief
• Provide cost implications of control
objectives, as required
• Ensure the IAP is within the cost
limitations established by Management.
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Elements of an IAP
• Name of event and operational period.
• Summary of the current situation.
• Statement of policy(s), overall objectives and priorities.
• Statements of operational period objectives for each major section.
• Action items to carry out the objectives.
• Current organizational chart/listing.
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Questions?
For more info see SEMS @ www.oes.ca.gov