September 10, 2015

Staff reports, News & Record

North Carolina is the 15th state to

enact a statewide quarantine because

of a tree-killing beetle.

Agriculture Commissioner Steve

Troxler signed an emergency order

Thursday expanding the quarantine

for emerald ash borer to include the

entire state, the state agriculture de-

partment said in a news release.

He expanded the quarantine after

evidence of the “highly destructive

pest” turned up in “central, eastern

and western parts of the state, in-

cluding areas near the borders with

Virginia, Tennessee and South Caro-

lina,” Troxler said.

The quarantine means ash trees —

everything from green lumber to

composted chips — can’t be moved

into non-quarantined areas.

Firewood that has been treated,

certified and labeled in accordance

with federal regulations can be

moved outside the quarantine area,

the agency said.

The beetle, first detected in the

United States in Michigan in 2002,

is responsible for the death or de-

cline of tens of millions of ash trees

across the country, the agency said.

Adult borers lay eggs under the tree’s

bark, hatching larvae into the wood,

which then tunnel outward and cut off

the tree’s supply of nutrients.

Infected trees typically die from the

top down and sport tiny D-shaped holes

in the bark, nearly impossible to spot

with the naked eye.

Once emerald ash borers settle into

the bark, the tree is essentially gone. In-

fected trees usually die over three to four

years.

Report any suspected emerald ash bor-

er activity to the state agriculture depart-

ment’s Plant Industry Division at (800)

206-9333 or at newpest@ncagr.gov.

APHIS

PPQ September 7th thru September 18th, 2015

Inside this issue:

Program News 2

Science Report 4

Maps 5-6

From Science 7-8

From the Press 9

From the States 10

From Biocontrol 12

Credits and

Contact Info

13

Emerald Ash Borer

Report Volume 7, Issue 19

1

NC under statewide quarantine for

tree-killing emerald ash borer Did you know? ...that at least one of

our available three

parasitoid species

have been released in

23% of the EAB in-

fested counties?

Oobius agrili injects its egg in the egg of an

EAB, where it will hatch, grow and kill the

host egg.

Image: Jian Duan

Emerald Ash Borer Report

2

Program News

The Compendium of the

2014 Emerald Ash Borer

National Research and

Technology Develop-

ment Meeting

Now Available Online

2014 Emerald Ash Borer National Research and

Technology Development Meeting

This publication contains abstracts of presentations and posters delivered at a meeting

that took place October 15-16, 2014, at the Ohio Agricultural Research and Develop-

ment Center in Wooster, Ohio

The meeting was sponsored by The Ohio State University and the United States Department of

Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

Image and graphic by David Lance, Animal and Plant

Health Inspection Service

Emerald Ash Borer Report

3

Program News

Revised Biological Control Release Guidelines for

EAB now available on the APHIS web site

Emerald Ash Borer Biological Control Field Release Guidelines

2015 EAB National Survey Guidelines

now available on the APHIS web site

Anyone involved with the USDA APHIS 2015 Emerald Ash Borer Na-

tional Survey is asked to download and review the guidelines and accom-

panying documents. The following links will take you to the field survey

documents on the APHIS web site.

2015 EAB National Survey Guidelines

2015 Trapping Protocols

2015 Trapping Materials List

Other documents associated with the 2015 EAB National Survey can be

found on the APHIS Emerald Ash Borer web page under the Pest Manage-

ment section at the following link :

2015 EAB National Survey Documents

Emerald Ash Borer Report

4

Science Report

From the editor:

The EAB Program has received several inquiries regarding alternative methods for detecting or delimiting

emerald ash borer in various landscapes outside of our Federally-funded National Survey. The technique

used in any given situation is predicated on one’s available resources related to funding, equipment, per-

sonnel, etc. With this understanding, the EAB Report will feature and provide links to scientific literature in

support of EAB Program objectives. Links for literature supporting branch sampling follow.

Canadian Forest Service - Sault Ste. Marie Technical Note No. 111

Detection of emerald ash borer in urban environments using branch sampling K.L. Ryall, J.G. Fidgen, J.J. Turgeon

http://cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/pubwarehouse/pdfs/32127.pdf

Ryall, K.L., J.G. Fidgen, and J.J. Turgeon. 2011. Detectability of the emerald ash borer (Coleoptera:

Buprestidae) in asymptomatic urban trees by using branch samples. Environmental

Entomology, 40: 679-688.

http://www.bioone.org/doi/pdf/10.1603/EN10310

Tracking EAB Growing Degree

Days to Predict Initial Emergence

USDA APHIS PPQ provides this map weekly to cooperators

in order to assist in the timing for the placement of purple

traps just prior to the emergence of EAB adults. As the sur-

vey season progresses, we also provide peak activity and post

peak activity maps to assist with the timing of lure replace-

ment and trap removal, respectively.

Anyone interested in receiving this weekly map should send

an email to Dr. James H. Buck

Links to EAB Maps:

5

Native and Potential Urban Range of Ash in CONUS

EAB Quarantine Map

EAB Detection and Quarantine Map

2013 EAB New County Detections Map

The maps following this thematic map provide a finer scale

view of regulated areas and detections of EAB. This native and

potential urban range map of ash provides another observation

of those features from a coarser scale.

Note: Federal EAB contiguous quarantine change became effective July 1st,

2012.

More information on this quarantine change can be found at:

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/plant_pest_info/

emerald_ash_b/downloads/DA-2012-18.pdf

This map depicts the initial EAB detection in each county and re-

places the map showing all known EAB detections. All detections

are still tracked and recorded by the EAB Program but for illustra-

tive purposes this map provides a clearer view of EAB’s known dis-

tribution in the United States and Canada.

This map displays the initial detections of EAB by county. All new

county detections occurring prior to 2015 are filled yellow while

new county detections for 2015 are filled red.

2014 EAB New County Detections Map

2012 EAB New County Detections Map

2015 EAB New County Detections Map

EAB IPHIS Trap Placement Reporting

6

The map depicted above displays locations of survey traps used for the detection of

emerald ash borer and reported to the Integrated Plant Health Information System

(IPHIS). Cooperators are requested to submit their survey data to IPHIS at least

every other week.

7

Recent Literature: Prey carriage varies with prey size in Cerceris fumipennis (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae).

Nalepa, C.A. and W.G. Swink. 2015. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 44: 49-55. DOI: 10.3897/JHR.44.5158.

Seasonal flight activity and distribution of metallic woodboring beetles (Coleoptera:

Buprestidae) collected in North Carolina and Tennessee. Klingeman, W.E., J.A. Hansen, J.P. Basham,

J.B. Oliver, N.N. Youssef, W. Swink, C.A. Nalepa, D.C. Fare, and J.K. Moulton. 2015. Florida Entomologist 98(2): 579-587.

DOI: 10.1653/024.098.0230.

Trade-offs in parasitism efficiency and brood size mediate parasitoid coexistence, with

implications for biological control of the invasive emerald ash borer. Wang, X.Y., D.E. Jennings,

J.J. Duan. 2015. Journal of Applied Ecology, DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12487. Submergence of black ash logs to control emerald ash borer and preserve wood for

American Indian basketmaking. Poland, T.M., T.M. Ciaramitaro, M.R. Emery, D.J. Crook, E. Pigeon and A.

Pigeon. 2015. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, DOI: 10.1111/afe.12122.

Population dynamics of an invasive forest insect and associated natural enemies in the

aftermath of invasion: Implications for biological control. Duan, J.J., L.S. Bauer, K.J. Abell, M.D.

Ulyshen and R.V. Driesche. 2015. Journal of Applied Ecology, DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12485.

Intraspecific variation in Fraxinus pennsylvanica responses to emerald ash borer (Agrilus

planipennis). Koch, J.L., D.W. Carey, M.E. Mason, T.M. Poland, and K.S. Knight. 2015. New Forests, DOI 10.1007/

s11056-015-9494-4. Biotic mortality factors affecting emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) are highly

dependent on life stage and host tree crown condition. Jennings, D.E., J.J. Duan, and P.M. Shrewsbury.

2015. Bulletin of Entomological Research, DOI: 10.1017/S0007485315000498.

Previously Listed Literature: Comparison of Buprestidae collected by Cerceris fumipennis (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae)

with those collected by purple prism traps. Nalepa, C.A., W.G. Swink, J.P. Basham, and P. Merten. 2015.

Agricultural and Forest Entomology, DOI: 10.1111/afe.12114.

Sap flow of black ash in wetland forests of northern Minnesota, USA: Hydrologic

implications of tree mortality due to emerald ash borer. Telander, A.C., R.A. Slesak, A.W. D’Amato,

B.J. Palik, K.N. Brooks, and C.F. Lenhart. 2015. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 206:4–11.

Attraction of Spathius Agrili Yang (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) to Male-Produced

“Aggregation-sex Pheromone”: Differences Between the Sexes and Mating Status. Cooperband, M.F., A. Hartness, B. Zilkowski, J. Lelito, and A. Cossé. 2015. Journal of Insect Behavior, DOI: 10.1007/s10905

-015-9492-6.

Managing outbreaks of invasive species - A new method to prioritize preemptive

quarantine efforts across large geographic regions. Withrow, J.R., E.L. Smith, F.H. Koch, and D.

Yemshanov. 2015. Journal of Environmental Management, 150:367-377.

Using economics to support emerald ash borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) detection

strategies. Campbell, M., A. Weersink, D.W. McKenney, and K. Ryall. 2015. The Canadian Entomologist, DOI: http://

dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2014.76.

The influence of temperature on the flight capacity of emerald ash borer Agrilus

planipennis and its parasitoid, Tetrastichus planipennisi: implications to biological

control. Fahrner, S.J., J.P. Lelito, and B.H. Aukema. 2015. BioControl, DOI 10.1007/s10526-015-9657-4.

Core RNAi machinery and gene knockdown in the emerald ash borer (Agrilus

planipennis). Zhao, C., M.A. Alvarez Gonzales, T.M. Poland, and O. Mittapalli. 2015. Journal of Insect Physiology,

72:70–78.

From Science:

8

Previously Listed Literature (continued):

Native parasitoids and recovery of Spathius agrili from areas of release against emerald ash

borer in eastern Tennessee, USA. Hooie, N.A., G.J. Wiggins, P.L. Lambdin, S.D. Powell, and J.P. Lelito. 2015.

Biocontrol Science and Technology, 25:345-351.

Responses of two parasitoids, the exotic Spathius agrili Yang and the native Spathius

floridanus Ashmead, to volatile cues associated with the emerald ash borer, Agrilus

planipennis Fairmaire. Johnson, T.D., J.P. Lelito, and K.F. Raffa. 2014. Biological Control, 79:110-117.

What’s killing the green menace: mortality factors affecting the emerald ash borer

(Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in North America? Lyons, D.B. 2014. Canadian Entomologist, DOI: http://

dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2014.62.

A molecular tool for detection and tracking of a potential indigenous Beauveria bassiana

strain for managing emerald ash borer populations in Canada. Johny, S. and G. Kyei-Poku. 2014.

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 122:16-21.

Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of Fraxinus americana hypocotyls. Palla, K.J.,

and P.M. Pijut. 2014. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, DOI: 10.1007/s11240-014-0630-1.

Bioreplicated visual features of nanofabricated buprestid beetle decoys evoke stereotypical

male mating flights. Domingue, M.J., A. Lakhtakia, D.P. Pulsifer, M. Hazen, and T.C. Baker. 2014. Proceedings of the

National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111:14106-14111.

Semiochemistry and chemical ecology of the emerald ash borer Agrilus planipennis

(Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Silk, P., and K. Ryall. 2014. Canadian Entomologist, DOI: 10.4039/tce.2014.58.

Range expansion of Agrilus convexicollis in European Russia expedited by the invasion of

the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Orlova-Bienkowskaja, M.J.

and M.G. Volkovitsh. 2014. Biological Invasions, DOI: 10.1007/s10530-014-0762-6.

Patterns of parasitoid host utilization and development across a range of temperatures:

implications for biological control of an invasive forest pest. Duan, J.J., D.E. Jennings, D.C. Williams,

and K.M. Larson. 2014. Biocontrol, DOI: 10.1007/s10526-014-9604-9.

Detecting emerald ash borers (Agrilus planipennis) using branch traps baited with 3D-

printed beetle decoys. Domingue, M.J., D. P. Pulsifer, A. Lakhtakia, J. Berkebile, K.C. Steiner, J.P. Lelito, L.P. Hall,

and T.C. Baker. 2014. Journal of Pest Science, DOI: 10.1007/s10340-014-0598-y.

Concise synthesis of (3 Z)-dodecen-12-olide, pheromone component of the emerald ash borer. Mayo, P.D., P.J.Silk, D.I. Magee, and J. McConaghy. 2014. Synthetic Communications, 44:1957-1969.

Heat treatment of firewood for emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire): Case

studies. Wang, X., R.D. Bergman, B.K. Brashaw, and S.W. Myers. 2014. Journal of Forestry, 112:361-370.

Motivations for rule compliance in support of forest health: Replication and extension. Peterson, K. and A. Diss-Torrance. 2014. Journal of Environmental Management, 139:135-145.

Submersion as a tactic to prevent emergence of emerald ash borer Agrilus planipennis from

black ash logs. Siegert, N.W., T. Secord, and D.G. McCullough. 2014. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, in press.

Effects of water availability on emerald ash borer larval performance and phloem phenolics

of Manchurian and black ash. Chakraborty, S., J.G.A. Whitehill, A.L. Hill, S.O. Opiyo, D. Cipollini, D.A. Herms,

and P. Bonello. 2014. Plant, Cell and Environment, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2014, Pages 1009-1021.

The mating and oviposition behavior of the invasive emerald ash borer (Agrilus

planipennis), with reference to the influence of host tree condition. Jennings, D.E., P.B. Taylor, and

J.J. Duan. 2014. Journal of Pest Science, Volume 87, Issue 1, March 2014, Pages 71-78.

Genetic structure of green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica): implications for the establishment

of ex situ conservation protocols in light of the invasion of the emerald ash borer. Hausman,

C.E., M.M. Bertke, J.F. Jaeger, and O.J. Rocha. 2014. Plant Genetic Resources: Characterisation and Utilisation, in press.

From Science:

9

From the Press:

Also in the Press: Emerald Ash Borer Discovered in St. Louis County Wayne County Journal Banner

Emerald ash borers are an Asian beetle that tunnel under the bark of ash trees, which disrupts the flow of water and

nutrients and eventually kills the ...

As Western Wildfires Rage, Funds For Emerald Ash Borer Control Dries Up WSKG News

About half of the National Forest Service's budget has been spent on fighting wildfires in the West and Sen. Charles

Schumer (D-NY) said it is taking ...

Infested ash trees in Vaudreuil being replaced by variety of species Montreal Gazette

City worker Christian Lanthier cuts down trees infested with the emerald ash borer on Bellini St, in the Grand Composer

district, in Vaudreuil-Dorion, ...

Arkansas enlists wasps to fight emerald ash borers WRAL.com

Harmless to people, these wasps lay their eggs on the eggs of the emerald ash borer, and when the eggs hatch, wasp

larvae eat the borer larvae.

Emerald Ash Borer comes with a cost in Oakville InsideHalton.com

Ash trees cut down due to emerald ash borer infestation on a private property in the Hixon Street and Solingate Drive

area.

Schumer calls for legislation to control emerald ash borer WatertownDailyTimes.com

“Invasive species like the emerald ash borer are spreading dramatically across every region,” Mr. Schumer said in a news

release. “Funding intended ...

Public ash borer meeting set for October SW News Media

City of Prior Lake and Scott County officials continue to prepare for battle against the emerald ash borer, discovered in an

ash tree in Prior Lake in ...

Tribe Releasing Wasp to Kill Emerald Ash Borer WMUK

Since the late 90s, tens of millions of ash trees have died in Michigan. They were killed by the Asian Emerald Ash Borer

beetle. It's too late to save ...

State enlists wasps to fight ash borers Arkansas Online

A bolt of ash infested with parasitic wasp pupae hangs on a tree near Arkadelphia in part of a biologic control effort against

the emerald ash borer.

10

Illinois: Illinois Department of Agriculture EAB field staff activities – The removal of EAB traps previously deployed for the 2015 adult

flight season began on August 3rd with approximately 480 purple “sticky traps” to be removed

over the next several weeks. During the reporting period, EAB trap removal activities were

limited due to the redirection of other staff activities to gypsy moth trap removal. An updated

EAB trap status map can be found on the following page.

www.IllinoisEAB.com activity – Visits to the Emerald Ash Borer page on the Department’s

website totaled 1,533 during the reporting period.

EAB quarantine compliance agreements – The Department issued one new compliance

agreement during the reporting period. The total number of current EAB compliance

agreements is now 1,760.

State Firewood Importer Certification – During the reporting period, the Department issued two

firewood importer certificates for the 2015 calendar year. The total number of certificates

issued for the 2015 calendar year is 35.

Previous year’s total are as follows:

From the States:

11

From the States:

Remaining trap locations indicated by blue triangles Removed EAB traps determined to be negative for EAB presence depicted by green triangles Suspected EAB positive traps shown in yellow Current internal state quarantine area boundary shown by a thick red line Previous year’s positive EAB detections shown by a red dot).

Illinois (continued):

12

Biocontrol Facility Release Report:

(Variance in totals due to some parasitoids retained in a laboratory environment and not released.)

From Biocontrol:

Questions about EAB Biocontrol?

There’s a Q & A document on the APHIS website.

Check it out, here’s the link: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/publications/

plant_health/2014/faq_eab_biocontrol.pdf

Parasitoids Shipped the week of September 14 - September 18, 2015

Oobius agrili 1,600

Spathius agrili 0

Tetrastichus planipennisi 21,378

Total 22,978

Total Parasitoids Shipped CY-2015

Oobius agrili 270,680

Spathius agrili 14,533

Tetrastichus planipennisi 831,870

Total 1,117,083

The EAB Rearing Facility has shipped 42.51% more parasitoids than 2014's total.

Total Parasitoids Released in 2015

Oobius agrili 270,365

Spathius agrili 13,404

Tetrastichus planipennisi 829,082

Total 1,112,851

13

Contributors:

Doug Bopp, Geographer, USDA APHIS PPQ

Jim Buck, EAB Program Analyst, USDA APHIS PPQ David Burt, PPQT, MI USDA APHIS PPQ

Jeff Coath, SPPQO, IL USDA APHIS PPQ

Please direct all inquiries regarding the USDA APHIS PPQ EAB Program or this report to:

Paul Chaloux, USDA APHIS PPQ Joe Beckwith, USDA APHIS PPQ

National Policy Manager National Operations Manager

Emerald Ash Borer Program Emerald Ash Borer Program

Riverdale, Maryland Raleigh, North Carolina

301-851-2064 919-855-7345

Paul.Chaloux@aphis.usda.gov Joseph.Beckwith@aphis.usda.gov

Sharon Lucik USDA APHIS PPQ

SME— EAB Outreach

Emerald Ash Borer Program

Brighton, Michigan

810-844-2713

Sharon.E.Lucik@aphis.usda.gov

Report compiled, formatted, and edited by USDA APHIS PPQ EAB Program Analyst James H. Buck, Ph.D.

Credits and Contact Info