emc - analyzer electromagnetic compatibility analysis & synthesis software for intrasystem-level...
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EMC - ANALYZEREMC - ANALYZER
Electromagnetic compatibility analysis & synthesis softwarefor intrasystem-level solutions
It is a comprehensive and powerful software tool for solving of It is a comprehensive and powerful software tool for solving of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and electromagnetic electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and electromagnetic interference (EMI) problems in a cost-effective way:interference (EMI) problems in a cost-effective way:
• in various local board and ground systems (groupings,in various local board and ground systems (groupings, objectives, complexes, etc.), objectives, complexes, etc.),
• at various phases of the system life cycle - from initial at various phases of the system life cycle - from initial development to maintenance and modification of an existing development to maintenance and modification of an existing board or ground system board or ground system
• on intrasystem level taking into account various types of on-on intrasystem level taking into account various types of on- board spurious couplings, board spurious couplings,
EMC-AnalyzerEMC-Analyzer
Remember: the earlier you start to think about EMC/EMI,Remember: the earlier you start to think about EMC/EMI,the less expensive and more efficient solutions you will get !the less expensive and more efficient solutions you will get !
offers you a number of functions and possibilities:
EMC-Analyzer EMC-Analyzer
a) Survey of different ground or board system’s equipment for incompatibilities,
b) Substantiation of necessary changes (adjustments) in system during its development to achieve intrasystem EMC,
c) Automotive system specification generation for many kinds of equipment,
d) Detection and Identification of linear and nonlinear interference sources,
e) Comprehensive nonlinear behavior simulation in severe electromagnetic environment (up to 1 000 000 input signals),
f) Easy integration of measurement results into EMC analysis and design,
g) EMC education and training
a) Application of models and procedures used in the well-known “Intrasystem Electromagnetic Compatibility Analysis Program” (IEMCAP), USA
b) Pinpoint accuracy of spectra representation,c) Compatibility with MIL-STD 461 and 462 requirements, d) Special editors for a system block diagram, bundle structure and
board or ground system geometry,e) User-friendly graphic interface,f) PC-media under Windows NT/2000/XP/Vista,g) Developed Discrete Nonlinear EMC Analysis using Radio
Receiver Behavior Simulation Techniqueh) Trade-off EMC analysis
EMC-AnalyzerEMC-Analyzer
Main advantages:
a) Pinpoint accuracy of spectra representation (up to 1 000 000 frequency samples),
b) High accuracy of radio receiver nonlinearity representation using high order polynomial models (up to 15-25-th order) coupled with high-accuracy simulation/modeling of nonlinear interference (intermodulation, cross-modulation, signal blocking, etc.),
c) Development for expanded series of system formats (board system, box-body system, local ground system, local ground area),
d) РС application under Windows NT/2000/XP/Vista-------------------------------------------------------------
EMC-AnalyzerEMC-Analyzer
1. “Intrasystem Electromagnetic Compatibility Analysis Program” (IEMCAP), Parts 1,2, Final Technical Report, USA, 1977
2. A.Drozd, T.Blocher, A.Pesta, D.Weiner, P.Varshney, I.Demirkiran. Predicting EMI Rejection requirements using expert system based modeling & simulating techniques, Proc. XV Inter. Wroclaw Symp. on EMC, Poland, Wroclaw, 2000
Advantages in comparison with main analogues [1,2]:
Systems under Analysis:
Board System
Mobile and Fixed Radio CommunicationRadar & GuardRadio NavigationBroadcastingTVEtc.
Ground System
• Aircraft • Satellite• Missile• Helicopter• Box-Body• Ship • Etc.
• Local Ground
System• Local
Ground
Area
Radio CommunicationRadarRadio NavigationPower supplyControlComputerEtc.
EMC-AnalyzerEMC-Analyzer
1. Description of Board System geometry and structure (including subsystem definition)
2. On-board allocation of equipment (transmitters, receivers, transceivers, antennas, power supply and control equipment, bundles, etc.)
3. Definition of on-board equipment parameters and characteristics
4. Definition of on-board equipment connections and spurious couplings
Board System modeling include the following steps:
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Board System
Subsystem
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Board System structure:
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Bundles placement
Apertures placement
Board System geometry (aircraft, satellite, missile, helicopter, etc.):
Antennas placement
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Antennas placement
Box-Body System geometry (conducted box-body case):
Bundles placement
Apertures placement
Ship system geometry:
EMC-AnalyzerEMC-Analyzer
Bundles placement
Antennas placement
Apertures placement
EMC-AnalyzerEMC-Analyzer
Ground System modeling include the following steps:1. Creation and design of Ground System Spatial
model (building, tower or bounded area)
2. Allocation of equipment (transmitters, receivers, transceivers, antennas)
3. Definition of ground system equipment parameters and characteristics
4. Definition of ground system equipment connections and spurious couplings
5. EMC analysis, generating the system specification
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Tower (Mast)
Local Ground System geometry types:
Building
Antennas placement
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Propagation models:- EPM-73- ITU.R (Rec. 526,
530, 833 etc.)
Vegetation
Buildings
Antenna pattern
Space-Scattered Ground System (Ground Area) Geometry:
Ground Loops
Local Board Systems: available equipment:
Bundles
Receivers Transmitters
Antennas
Transceivers
Filters Control unit
Power unit Other devices
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EMC-AnalyzerEMC-AnalyzerBundle Editors:
Box-bodyFuselage
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Antenna to antenna Field to antenna Antenna to wire Wire to wire Field to wire Equipment case to equipment case Field to equipment case Ground loop
Local Board Systems: Spurious Coupling types :
Baseline EMC Analysis
Emitter Adjustments
Receptor Adjustments
Specification Generating
Nonlinear Radio Receiver Analysis
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Main procedures:
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Emitter spectrum
Receptor susceptibility
Required emitter spectrum (having been adjusted to fit receptor susceptibility to achieve EMC)
Emitter Adjustments:
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Receptor susceptibility
Required receptor susceptibility (having been adjusted to fit emitter spectrum to achieve EMC)
Emitter spectrum
Receptor Adjustments:
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Main idea: Simultaneous Emitter and Receptor Adjustments to achieve EMC (EMC Synthesis and Design)
Specification Generating:
Specification Generating Results are displayed in the report window (as the adjustment results)
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Intermodulation Cross modulation Desensitization (signal blocking) Local oscillator noise and harmonics conversion AM-AM and AM-PM conversion
Analyzable nonlinear effects in radio receivers:
Nonlinear Radio Receiver Behavior Simulation in severe electromagnetic environment
Original discrete nonlinear EMC analysis technology High accuracy of radio receiver nonlinearity representation using high
order polynomial models (up to 25-th order) Reproduction of all nonlinear effects in a uniform work cycle with the use
of uniform nonlinearity mathematical model Fast solutions in electromagnetic environment of any complexity Nonlinear Interference Source identification
Main advantages:
EMC-AnalyzerEMC-Analyzer
Input circuit (IC) RF Amplifier (Radio frequency amplifier, RFA) Mixer (M) Local oscillator (LO) IF amplifier (Intermediate frequency amplifier, IFA) IF filter (Intermediate Frequency Filter, IFF) Filter (F) Decoupler (Dec) Attenuator (At) Noise Source (NS)
Nonlinear Radio Receiver Structure
The nonlinear receiver model can include the following elements:
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Nonlinear Radio Receiver Structure Editor:
Nonlinear Receiver Behavior Simulation results:
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IIM summarizes (integrates) the interference in the whole frequency band of analysis:
where P(fi) – emitter spectrum at the receptor input
(f) – susceptibility characteristic of the receptor
N – number of frequency samples
IIM >1 means that the emitter creates interference to the receptor
The Total IIM (TIIM) summarizes interference to the receptor from all the sources and paths:
TIIM >1 means that there is interference to the receptor (no EMC)
,)(1
0
N
iifIMIIM
EMC criterion: the Integrated Interference Margin (IIM)
)(
)()(
i
ii f
fPfIM
K
jjIIMTIIM
1
EMC-AnalyzerEMC-Analyzer
Level 1: Spurious Couplings modeling (including modeling of EMF spatial/surface distribution, calculation of antenna-to-antenna isolation, cable-to-cable electromagnetic coupling, etc.)
A lot of well-known tools:
REMCOM Solutions (XFDTD), ZELAND Solutions (IE3D Full-Wave EM Design System), SEMCAD Software, FEKO Solutions, WIPL-D Software, GEMS Solutions, ANSOFT Solutions (HFSS), etc.
But they are not the tools for full EMC Analysis and Design of on-board systems
a) taking into account all possible paths of interference – via antenna input, via signal and control ports, via power supply ports, via different types of spurious couplings,
b) taking into account system-level EMC criteria which sum interference risks from different interference paths,
c) taking into account results of spurious couplings and interference measurements and simulation using different specialized software
Level 2: Full Intrasystem EMC Analysis and Design of local on-board/ground-based systems taking into account a),b),c)
Only EMC-Analyzer !!!
Place on EMC Market
EMC-AnalyzerEMC-Analyzer
Since 1998 EMC-Analyzer has been delivered to more than 20 companies in 10 countries of four continents (Europe, Asia, America, Africa)
During these years various versions of EMC-Analyzer software have been used by a number of customers for system design, EMC analysis & simulation, frequency assignment, EMC education & training with reference to radio systems deployed at various sites (aircraft, helicopters, satellites, ships, box-bodies, building roofs, antenna towers, airports, etc.)
EMC-Analyzer developers contributed significant efforts to cater for high-grade testing of its new versions to achieve its high-quality functioning. Recently the EMC-Analyzer top quality has been recognized and acknowledged. Since 2000 there have been no claims against its quality.
Application History
The errors of the IEMCAP models
The “antenna–to–antenna” coupling
Examination of the models on the board of B-52 aircraft: 190 out of 230 cases (or 82,6%) were correctly predicted. 17,4% of the cases included errors.38 (16,5%) - the errors of the first type, 2 (0,9%) - the errors of the second type.
B-52 Analysis Matrix
NO EMI EMI
NO EMI
171
2
(Errors of the 2nd type)
EMI
38
(Errors of the 1st type) 19
TOTAL COMBINATIONS: 230
Predicted
Actual
The errors of the IEMCAP models
The “antenna–to–antenna” coupling
The examination was carried out on the board of F-15.
Out of 51 cases, 42 were correctly predicted, and 9 cases contained incorrect predications.
Out of 42 positive predictions, 35 did not contain the interference, and 17 did.
Number of cases correctly predicted as interference or compatibility
2
4
6
10
8
Negative Predicted Margins (Compatibility)
Positive Predicted Margins (Interference)
Total numbers of cases
Number of cases
Value of Integrated EMI Margin (DB)
-100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Distribution of Predicted Antenna-To-Antenna Integrated Margins
All 9 incorrect predictions were the errors of the first type. There were no errors of the second type. It is an evidence of the fact that the models give the upper estimation of theinterference level.
The “field–to–wire” and “antenna–to–wire” couplings
IEMCAP predictions are accurate enough for low frequencies (f 10 MHz) (more accurate, than these of many other programs).
The error is less than 10 dB for these frequencies. However, the error can reach 50 dB (near the resonance peaks caused by the fuselage and other metallic parts) for the frequencies f > 10 MHz.
Number of cases correctly predicted as interference or compatibility
48
52
24
20
12
4
8
16
Negative Predicted Margins (Compatibility)
Positive Predicted Margins (Interference) Total numbers
of cases
Number of cases
Value of Integrated EMI Margin (DB)
Less -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 0 Than to to to to to to to to to to to -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 0 10
Distribution of Predicted Antenna-To-Wire Integrated Margins
32
36
40
44
The analysis for the F15 board : 116 out of 121 cases were correctly predicted. All 5 incorrect predictions were the errors of the first type.Errors of the second type were absent!
The errors of the IEMCAP models
The “wire–to–wire” coupling
The accuracy of IEMCAP models (defined as the ratio of the exact value to the approximate value) is 10 dB for L<0.1, where L - wire length, - wavelength.
181 couplings were modeled. 152 correct predictions were made. All 29 negative predictions were the errors of the first type. The models give the upper estimation of the interference level, as showed in figure.
Number of cases correctly Predicted as interference or compatibility
12
20
24
28
32
8
4
16
Negative Predicted Margins (Compatibility)
Positive Predicted Margins (Interference)
Total numbers of cases
Number of cases
Value of Integrated EMI Margin (DB)
Less -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 0 10 20 30 Than to to to to to to to to to to to to to to -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 0 10 20 30 40
Distribution of Predicted Wire-To-Wire Integrated Margins
The increase in the quantity of errors for L>0.1 is caused by several reasons. First, the standing waves appear at thesufficiently high frequencies (they are caused by reflections from the heterogeneities), and they are not taken into account. Second, the interaction has resonance character at sufficiently high frequencies and capacitive and inductive couplings cannot be separated.
The errors of the IEMCAP models
EMC-AnalyzerEMC-Analyzer
EMC-AnalyzerEMC-Analyzer platform is a result of scientific, technical and industrial cooperation of the following organizations:
EMC-Analyzer, EMC-Analyzer, version 1.45.01version 1.45.01© 2009 by Belarusian State University of Informatics &
Radioelectronics and EMC Technologies LLPAll rights reserved
Belarusian State University of Informatics & Radioelectronics (BSUIR)
EMC Technologies LLP Orientsoft Joint-Stock Company
BSUIR, EMC R&D Laboratory
Technologies, software products and specialized expert systems for analysis and synthesis of EMC in local board and ground radio systems (groupings of radio equipment)
Technologies and software products for analysis and synthesis of intrasystem and intersystem EMC, spectrum management in space-scattered (territorial, regional, etc.) groupings of radio equipment with the use of digital area maps, GIS technologies and frequency allocation databases
Approaches, technologies and software products for discrete nonlinear modeling & behavior simulation of radio systems, devices and elements (radio networks, systems, receivers, transmitters, amplifiers, mixers, etc.)
Methods, technologies and software products for optimal frequency planning of radio networks (mobile and fixed radio communication, digital TV, etc.) with arbitrary spatial topology
Methods, technologies and software products for measurement and control of EMC characteristics of radio elements, devices and systems
Statistical theory of EMC in space-scattered radio systems and networks System ecology of cellular radio networks
Main research and development (R&D) trends and activities:
EMC Technologies LLP
Development and promotion to the world market of technologies and software in the field of radio system design and electromagnetic compatibility analysis & design, including
Main research and promotion activities:
development and modification of codes and procedures in the “EMC- Analyzer” software for the intrasystem EMC analysis and design, further improvement and promotion of this software to the world market
development and promotion to the world market of software of the “Microwave Radio Network Planning Tools” (MRNPT) series - “HOP- Designer”, “Network Frequency Planning”, “Network Frequency Allocation”, etc. for radio system EMC design and analysis using GIS-technologies
development of software for nonlinear EMC analysis and radio receiver behavior simulation in complicated electromagnetic environment (EME) based on instantaneous quadrature technique
EMC-Analyzer,EMC-Analyzer, related papers (1): Baldwin T.E.Jr. and Capraro G.T. Intrasystem Electromagnetic Compatibility
Analysis Program (IEMCAP), IEEE Trans. on EMC, v.22, pp.224-228, Nov. 1980
V.I. Mordachev, Express-analysis of electromagnetic compatibility of radioelectronic equipment with the use of the discrete models of interference and Fast Fourier Transform, Proc. of IX-th Intern. Wroclaw Symp. On EMC, Poland, Wroclaw, 1988, Part 2, pp. 565-570
S. L. Loyka and V. I. Mordachev, Identification of nonlinear interference sources with the use of the discrete technique, Proc. of IEEE Intern. Symp. on EMC, Denver, Colorado, 1998, pp. 882–887
S.L. Loyka and J.R. Mosig, New behavioral-level simulation technique for RF/microwave applications. Part I: Basic concepts, Int. J. RF Microwave Computer-Aided Eng., 10(4) (2000), pp.221–237
V.I.Mordachev Automated Double-Frequency Testing Technique for Mapping Receive Interference Responses, IEEE Trans. on EMC,Vol.42, No.2, May 2000
V.Mordachev, P.Litvinko. Expert System for EMC Analysis Taking Into Account Nonlinear Interference, Proc. of 16th Intern. Wroclaw Symp. on EMC, Poland, Wroclaw, June 25-28, 2002, pp.265-270
V.Mordachev, P.Litvinko. Nonlinear sensor method for EMC/EMI analysis in severe electromagnetic environment using EMC-Analyzer expert system, Proc. of 17th Intern. Wroclaw Symp. on EMC, Poland, Wroclaw, June 29-July 1, 2004
EMC-Analyzer,EMC-Analyzer, related papers (2):
V.I. Mordachev, Discrete nonlinear EMC analysis of radiosystems, Doklady BSUIR, No.2, 2004 (in Russian).
V.Mordachev, Discrete Nonlinear EMC Analysis: principles, capabilities and application restrictions, Proceedings VI International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electromagnetic Ecology, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, June 21 – 24, 2005, pp. 145-148.
V.Mordachev, E.Sinkevich, EMC Analysis of co-site RF/Microwave systems: simulation of signal demodulation, Proceedings of International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility “EMC Europe 2006”, Spain, Barcelona, Sept. 4-8, 2006, p.624-629.
V.I.Mordachev, P.A.Litvinko, Advanced options of expert system “EMC-Analyzer”, Proceedings of International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility “EMC Europe 2006”, Spain, Barcelona, Sept. 4-8, 2006, p.635-640.
E.V.Sinkevich, Validation of the Hammerstein-type behavioral model for the diode envelope demodulator, Proceedings of the VII-th International symposium on electromagnetic compatibility and electromagnetic ecology, Saint-Petersburg, June 26-29, 2007, pp.162-165.
EMC-Analyzer,EMC-Analyzer, related papers (3):
E.V.Sinkevich, Discrete nonlinear simulation of radio receivers for electromagnetic compatibility analysis and design: estimation of the signal-to-interference ratio, Proc. VII-th Int. Symp. on EMC and electromagnetic ecology, Saint-Petersburg, June 26-29, 2007, pp.166-169.
V.I.Mordachev, E.V.Sinkevich, Discrete technology of electromagnetic compatibility analysis at the system level: features and applications overview, Proceedings of the International conference on metrology and measurement “ICMM 2007”, Vol.1, Beijing, September 5-7, 2007, pp.57-63.
V.I.Mordachev, E.V.Sinkevich, “EMC-Analyzer” expert system: improvement of IEMCAP models, Proc. of the 19th International Wroclaw Symposium and Exhibition on EMC, Poland, Wroclaw, June 11-13, 2008, pp.423-428.
E.V.Sinkevich, Estimation of signal-to-interference ratio for discrete nonlinear simulation of radio receivers operating in severe electromagnetic environment, Doklady BSUIR, 2008, No.4, pp.35-40 (in Russian).
E.V.Sinkevich, AM-PM conversion simulation technique for discrete nonlinear analysis of electromagnetic compatibility, Proc. VIII-th Int. Symp. on EMC and electromagnetic ecology, Saint-Petersburg, June 16-19, 2009, pp.127-130.