elites, - ucm.es
TRANSCRIPT
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ELITES, ASHRAF POPULAR, AJLAF
ASSIMILATION (SYNCRETISM) Mughal emperor Akbar Neo-muslims, bhakti, sufism…
DIFFERENTIATION (REVIVAL
TOWARDS ORTHODOXY)
Mughal emperor Shah Jahan Reform movements: Deoband,
Tabligh Jamaat
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Islam Hinduism
Monotheism PolytheismThe Prophet, the hijra, theQur’an
a multiple truth
Equality among Muslims Caste systemSense of history Ahistorical contextUnbridgeable distancebetween God and men
Non-duality
Iconoclastic Polymorphic pantheon
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Portrait of Aurangzeb. Artist Unknown. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
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O Servant, where do you seek Me?Look! I am beside you.I am neither in temple nor in mosque: I am neither in Kaaba nor in Kailash:Neither am I in rites and ceremonies, nor in Yoga and renunciation.If you are a true seeker, you shall at once seeMe: you shall meet Me in a moment of time.Kabîr says, "O Sadhu! God is the breath of allbreath