Elements of Art and

Principles of Design

Elements of Art

The building blocks or ingredients of art. They structure and carry the work.

Elements of Art

Line

Color

Value

Shape

Form

Space

Texture

LINE

A mark with length and direction. A continuous mark made on a surface by a moving point.

Pablo Picasso

LINE

May be vertical, horizontal or diagonal, curved, straight, zigzag, or show emotion.

LINE

Contour lines- outline the edges of forms or shapes

Gestural lines- indicate action and physical movement

LINE

Consists of Hue (another word for color), Value (lightness or darkness) and Intensity (brightness).

Henri Matisse Alexander Calder

COLOR

Color has three properties:

1. HUE: this is the name of the colors

2. VALUE: refers to the lightness or darkness of a hue.

3. INTENSITY: refers to the purity of the hue or strength of a color

COLOR

Neutral ColorsThese colors are made by adding a complimentary color (opposite on the color wheel) to a hue. Neutralized hues are called tones.

Tints – adding the color white to lighten a hue

Shades – adding black to darken a hue

Shades- adding the color black.

Tints and Shades

Warm and Cool ColorsWarm – red, orange, yellow

Cool – green, blue, violet

The lightness or darkness of a color.

MC Escher Pablo Picasso

VALUE

High Range in Value Low Range in Value

VALUE

2-dimensional and it encloses spaceJoan Miro

SHAPE

SHAPEShapes can be geometric or organic.

GEOMETRIC: square, triangle, rectangle, rhombus, circle, cone

ORGANIC: free form shapes, shapes in nature; for example: leaves, trees, animals

Organic vs. Geometric

SHAPE

The appearance of a 3 dimensional object which is encloses and holds volume

Jean ArpLucien Freud

FORM

Shows an object in space, the mass or positive space it occupies.

For example, a triangle, which is 2-dimensional, is a shape, but a pyramid, which is 3-dimensional, is a form.

FORM

Form can be 2DForm can be 3D

FORM

The distance or area between, around, above, below, or within things.

Foreground, Middleground and Background (creates DEPTH)

SPACE

Positive (filled with something) and Negative (empty areas)

SPACE

The surface quality or "feel" of an object, its smoothness, roughness, softness, etc.

TEXTURE

TEXTURE

Textures may be actual or implied.

Actual – texture that you can feel with your sense of touch

Implied – texture that has been simulated in drawing and

painting on a smooth surface

TEXTURE

You should now have7 Elements of Art Pages turn your book over and start from the other side……

Principles of Design

The ways in which the Elements of Art are organized are referred to as the

Principles of Design.They are concepts that affect content

and message.

Principles of Design

Balance

Emphasis

Rhythm

Movement

Unity

Variety

Proportion

The way the elements are arranged to create a feeling of

stability in a work. Alexander Calder

BALANCE

Symmetrical Balance

The parts of an image are organized so that one side mirrors the other. Leonardo DaVinci

Asymmetrical Balance

When one side of a composition does not reflect the design of the other.

James Whistler

Radial Balance

Slice it like a pizza-Each piece will be the same

The focal point of an image, or when one area or thing stand out the most.

Jim Dine Gustav Klimt

EMPHASIS

EMPHASIS

The part that catches your attention first.

Can be created through the use of many different elements and principles like…

CONTRAST

PROPORTION

COLOR

EMPHASIS

RHYTHM RHYTHM RHYTHM RHYTHM RHYTHM RHYTHM

A regular repetition of elements to produce the look and feel of movement.

Marcel Duchamp

RHYTHM

The repetition of lines, shapes, or colors to create a feeling of movement.

MOVEMENT

The motion created in a work of art. Often uses the principle of rhythm to achieve this.

Vincent VanGogh

The feeling of action or directional flow

When all the elements and

principles work

together to create a pleasing

image. The feeling of

wholeness or the parts belonging together.

Johannes Vermeer

UNITY

The use of differences and

change to increase the

visual interest of the work.

Marc Chagall

VARIETY

VARIETY

The use of different lines, shapes, and colors in a piece of work.

The comparative relationship of one part to another with respect to size, quantity, or degree; SCALE.

Gustave Caillebotte

PROPORTION

…with color

Proportion

…size / scale

PROPORTION

Review- What principles do you see?

Proportion

?

Balance- Symetrical

Rhythm

Movement

Proportion

Emphasis

Please hand in yourP & E Book when your done ! &Write your name on it!!!

When returned to you, keep all your

P & E Book in your

Art bagYou can study from it for your mid-

term and final exams.