POWER CELLS AND BATTERIESElectrochemical Reactions

PARTS

Anode: Electrons are lost due to oxidation. (negative electrode)

Cathode: Electrons are gained due to reduction. (positive electrode)

Electrolyte: The medium that carries the ions or electric charges.

Separator: Keeps electrodes from touching. (cloth or paper)

Collectors/electrodes: collects current to be used in the outside circuit.

ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION

Cu Zn

SO4 -2

SO4 -2

SO4 -2

SO4 -2

Cu+2

Zn+2

Cu+2 Zn+2

e- e- Zn+2

e- e-

Loss of electronsOXIDATION

Gain of electronsREDUCTION

ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0oSqPDD2rMA

SIMPLIFIED BATTERY

http://www.magnet.fsu.edu/education/tutorials/java/daniellcell/index.html

VOLTAIC PILE

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=edMN7P5oCaY

POWER CELL

All of the “batteries” pictured are really just single POWER CELLS.

They have only one cathode and one anode.

All of these power cells have a voltage of 1.5 regardless of size!

BATTERY

A true BATTERY is actually several power cells connected together.

A 9-volt battery is six 1.5V power cells connected to each other.

A car battery is a combination of enough power cells to equal 12 volts.

HOW DOES A CAR BATTERY WORK?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4IgHj2Uim_0&feature=related

USING POWER CELL TO MAKE A BATTERY

Most electronic devices run on a combination of

power cells. This combination can increase the life of the battery or

increase the voltage supplied

to the circuit.

TIME FOR YOU TO MAKE A BATTERY

ELECTRICITY TERMS

TESLA – LET’S TALK ABOUT ELECTRICITY AND CURRENT

http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&feature=endscreen&v=iRnZNq_6ijI

http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=sDTUEBNJhv8&feature=endscreen

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aaAHq1yh1vk&NR=1&feature=endscreen

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iubyEuNbyjw&NR=1&feature=endscreen

http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=y2RQttpahqk&feature=endscreen

ELECTRICITY HOW OUR GRANDPARENTS LEARNED IT

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IpaEGhjpZgc&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nZjMARe6APs&feature=relmfu

DIRECT CURRENT VS. ALTERNATING CURRENT

Electrical current that flows only in one direction (D.C.)

Electrical current that flows in one direction then the opposite direction (A.C.)

CURRENT

I Quantity of electrons that pass a given

point in a given time Ampere 1 ampere is

6,250,000,000,000,000,000 electrons passing a point in 1 second

1 amp = 1,000 mA

VOLTAGE

V The electrical pressure or force Sometimes referred to as electric

potential The difference in electrical potential

energy between two points Measured in volts

POWER

The work performed by an electrical current Units: Watts The power of a Direct Current is its voltage

times its current Power is also equivalent to energy per unit

time and also work per unit timeP=VxI or P= energy/time or P =work/time

*energy would = P * t and units are Watt•hror kW•hr

RESISTANCE

R The degree to which a conductor

hinders the charge flow Ohm A potential difference of 1 V will force a

current of 1 amp through a resistance of 1 ohm

OHM’S LAW

V = I x R