Jayant Khade(Mobile No. 9421299779)

WRD, Kolhapur.

Electro Mechanical

Components of LIS

Key steps in Design, Engineering and Development of

Reliable and Economical Lift Irrigation Scheme

1. Selection of type and construction of Pumps.

2. Selection of control valves .

3. Selection and design of Power Supply and control system

suitable for Pump operation.

4. Design and Engineering of suitable Pump sump with intake

structure and Pump house.

5. Development of Rising Main alignment and finalization of

Diameter and Thickness of Rising Main

6. Estimation of Hydraulic Transients in Rising Main and

Finalization of suitable surge system for protection of

Rising Main .

ELEMENTS OF LIS

• PUMP HOUSE

• PUMPING MACHINERY

• ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM

• CONTROL VALVES

• MANIFOLD ARRANGEMENT

• RISING MAIN

• SURGE CONTROL SYSTEM

• BASIC FORMULAE FOR SELECTION OF PUMPS.

A. Total Head (m)

= Static Head + Frictional Head

B. Static Head (m)

= DPL – POL

C. Frictional Head

For rising main and delivery pipes

=[ (Q/Cr)1.81 X L] / [ 994.82 D 4.81]

Head loss in valves/bends

= nk(V2/2g)

Exit loss

= V2/2g

D. NPSHA

=(Patm- Pvap) +/- Submergence

Submergence= POL- (SBL+Imp. Eye Clearance)

E. Pump Specific Speed (Nq)

=N (Q1/2 / H3/4)

F. Suction Specific Speed

=N (Q1/2 / NPSHA3/4)

G. Thoma Available

=NPSHA / Total per stage Head

H. Thoma Critical

=(6.3 X 10-6) Nq

I. HP of The Pump

=(WQH) / (75 x efficiency) Slide 40

Centrifugal Pump Constructions

• Horizontal Split Case Pump (HCS)

• End Suction Pumps

• Multistage Pumps

• Vertical Turbine Pump (VT Pump)

• Submersible Pumps

• Floating/Pontoon Mounted Pump

• Metallic Volute Pump

• Concrete Volute Pump

• Slide 35

SELECTION OF VALVES

Valves is a mechanical device specifically designed to Direct,Start, Stop, Mix, or Regulate the Flow, Pressure orTemperature of a Process Fluid

A. Ability to withstand the Max. Working Pressure.

B. Ability of material to withstand Corrosion, Erosion for areasonable time.

C. Correct selection of Type of Valve as per requirement e.g. On-Off, Throttling, Prevention of back flow, Combination ofThrottling & Prevention of back flow.

D. Determine the service condition , frequency of operation, wearand tear for the removal and replacement of vital parts.

E. Friction loss should be within allowable limit.

F. Mode of connection to pipe line e.g. Screwed, Flanged, Spigotor sprocket, Welded

Basic Classification of ValvesOperating

Motion

Deformation

of flexible

Diaphragm or

Tube

Uni-Directional

Direction of

flow in the

seating area

At Right

Angles to the

operating

motion of the

obturator

Longitudenal

to the

operating

motion of the

obturator

Through the

Obturator

Around the

Obturator

Depends on

Design

Only in Forward

Directrion

Basic Type Gate Valve Globe Valve

Plug Valve

(including Ball

Valves)

Butterfly

Valves

Diaphragm

Valves, Pinch

Valves

Non Return,

Reflux, Check

Valves

Straight Line

Rotating about an axis at

Right Angles to the direction

of flow

Fundamentals of Control Valve Construction

SLUICE VALVES

• TYPES OF VALVES ACCORDING TO THEIR FUNCTIONS

• ISOLATING VALVE

• REGULATING VALVE

• CONTROL VALVE

• SAFETY VALVE

• CHECK (NON RETURN) VALVE

• DIVERTING / MIXING VALVE (MULTI PORT)

• MULTI-FUNCTION VALVE

BUTTERFLY VALVES

NON RETURN VALVES

SG PANELS IN PUMPHOUSE

➢ Main Incomer Panel for Incoming supply

➢ Bus Coupler Panel

➢ Motor Feeder Panel

➢ Auxiliary Transformer Feeder Panel

➢ Bus Capacitor Feeder Panel

6.6KV HT PANELS- MHAISAL LIS

6.6KV MOTOR FEEDER VCB PANEL

MOTOR CONTROL AND PROTECTION RELAYS

VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKER

MOTORS

➢ Types of Motors

▪ Induction

▪ Squirrel Cage Induction

▪ Slip Ring Induction

▪ Synchronous

➢ Range of Motors

▪ Up to 200kw-LT Induction Motors

▪ Above200-3000kw –HT Induction Motors

▪ Above 3000 Kw- Synchronous Motor

➢ Motor Protection Devices Mounted on Motor

▪ Winding Temperature Sensors – RTD-PT100 Type.

▪ Bearing Temperature Sensors – RTD-PT100 Type.

▪ Oil Level Indicators for Bearing Housing.

▪ Vibration Sensors.

TAKARI PUMP HOUSE

VERTICAL PUMP WITH MOTOR

TYPES OF MOTOR STARTERS

➢Direct On Line (DOL) Starter• Starting current is normally 6 times of motor rated current

• Very simple for operation and maintenance.

• Transformer size increases.

➢Star Delta Starter

• Suitable for LT Motors .

• Starting current reduces 50% as compared to DOL Starter.

• Costlier than DOL.

TYPES OF MOTOR STARTERS

➢ Auto Transformer Starter• Used where starting current to be reduced below 3 times of

rated motor current

• Popular for LT Motors

• Costlier than Star Delta Starter

• Requires oil filtration after certain interval of operation

➢ Reactor type Soft Starter• Popular for High kw LT Motors & for HT Motors

• Bypass once motor is started

• Does not require maintenance

• Starting current reduces 3 to 4 times of rated current.

AUTO TRANSFORMER STARTER

AUTO TRANSFORMER STARTER PANEL

3Phase,415v 250KW

AUTO TRANSFORMER

START & RUN CONTACTORS

SOFT STARTER

CONTROL PANEL WITH SOFT STARTER FOR

415VOLT, 330KW INDUCTION MOTOR

BY PASS CONTACTOR

AIR CORE REACTORS

AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER AND MOTOR CONTROL &

PROTECTION RELAYS

TRANSFORMER

➢Transformer Selection

▪ Should be suitable for starting biggest motor.

▪ Should have sufficient margin during normal running.

➢ Transformer Protection.

▪ Winding Temperature Indicator (WTI)

▪ Oil Temperature Indicator (OTI)

▪ Buchholz Relay

▪ Pressure Relief Valve (PRV)

▪ Magnetic Oil Level Gauge

H T TRANSFORMER

TEMPERATURE SCANNER

8 CHANNEL TEMPERATURE

INDICATOR RTD PT-100 SENSOR

TEMPERATURE SCANNER IN PUMPHOUSE

▪ Continuous Monitoring of Temperature or process

values at different locations.

▪ Accepts standard inputs like -RTD PT-100

▪ Monitoring of Temperature of Motor Windings,

Motor Bearings, Pump Bearings.

▪ Power Transformer Winding & Oil Temperature.

▪ Monitoring of Auxiliary Transformer Winding and Oil

Temperature.

• Tripping off controlling switchgear if temperature of

equipment rises beyond limit.

CAPACITOR

• Power Factor Correction

• Reactive Power Compensation

• Capacitors have the opposite effect to the inductivemotors where it cancels out a large current flow andthereby, this capacitor bank reduces electricity bill.

• Reduce Power Bills

• KVAR Demand Charge

• KW Demand Charge

• KVA Demand Charge

• Gains in System Capacity

• Improve Voltage Conditions

• Reduce Line Losses

TYPES OF CAPACITORS➢ Standard duty Capacitor

Construction: Rectangular and Cylindrical (Resin filled / Resin coated-Dry)

• Steady inductive load.

• Non linear up to 10%.

• For Agriculture duty.

➢ Heavy-dutyConstruction: Rectangular and Cylindrical (Resin filled / Resin coated-Dry/oil/gas)

• Suitable for fluctuating load.

• Non linear up to 20%.

• Suitable for APFC Panel.

• Harmonic filtering

➢ LT Capacitor• Suitable for fluctuating load.

• Non linear up to 20%.

• Suitable for APFC Panel & Harmonic filter application.

➢ Configuration• Delta connected Bank.

• Star-Solidly Grounded Bank.

• Star-Ungrounded Bank.

CAPACITOR BANK

SINGLE 3PHASE UNIT SINGLE PHASE UNIT SINGLE 3PHASE UNIT

BATTERYBANK OF VRLA TYPE MAINTENANCE FREE BATTERY

STATION BATTERIES

• In case Station Transformer and batterycharger is failed, battery set is provided forbackup DC control supply 48V,110V,220V.

• Control & Protection panel relays

• Trip & Closing circuit of Circuit breakers

• Indication lamps, Alarm& Annunciation Facia

• PLCC panel

• Emergency lighting in Control room

DELIVERY PIPES WITH KAV

MANIFOLD CONNECTION

Techno commercial considerations for Rising

Main

• Material, Diameter and thickness to be proposed for Rising main so as to work

techno commercial for the Scheme.

• Material generally proposed considering application .

• Initially Hydraulic requirements like limiting velocity should be considered and

then Diameter to be iterated considering Economical aspect .

• Methodology for Selection of Economical pipe size

– Select 3 to 4 pipe sizes for meeting flow rate with limiting Velocity criteria.

(2 m/s).

– Calculate total pipe frictional loss for proposed size.

– Estimate the cost of piping for each size of Pipe.

– Calculate the Depreciation of 12 % as below.

• Assume life of 25 yrs and hence amortization is 4 % .

• Interest rate of @ 7 %. And Maintenance cost of 1 .

• The main factors in determining the economics of pipe installation are

1. Depreciation of capital cost of pipeline.

2. Energy consumed in overcoming the pipe friction losses (System head) on

the basis of annual working hours of the pumpset.

Calculation table for Economical Pipe size.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Pipe Dia in mmPipe Cost Installed in Rs

12% of Pipe cost in Rs

Pipe Friction in Meters

kWh per yr lost in Friction

Cost of power at Rs 1.6 per Unit

Total cost 3+6 in Rs

80 51300 6156 46.68 31381 50209.6 56365.6

100 73800 8856 15.96 10729 17166.4 26022.4

125 93900 11268 5.31 3569 5710.4 16978.4

DOWNSURGE

1. No sub atmospheric pressure OR

2. Local sub atmospheric pressures allowed but nocolumn separation. OR

3. Column separation allowed , but no severe shockeffect.

UPSURGE

1. Maximum pressure not to exceed working pressure. OR

2. Maximum pressure 1.25 or 1.5 working pressure(Limiting Shut Off Head of Pump)

Equipment Controls

• Air vessel upsurge and down surge

• One way surge tank down surge directly, upsurge

indirectly

• ZVV and Surge relief

valve

upsurge only

• Air valves/ACVs down surge directly, upsurge

indirectly

• Stand pipe down surge

Surge Arrestors

One way surge tank

Bladder vessel

AIR VESSEL

……Thanks

Horizontal Split Case Pumps (HSC) UPH 1200 / 160 M develops a flow

of 7000 liters per second at a head of 27.5 meter and will be coupled to

an electric motor of 2700 KW running at 425 RPM

End Suction/HSC Pumps in Vertical Orientation

Multistage Pumps

Concrete or Metallic Volute Pumps

Vertical Turbine Pumps (VT)