doi: 10.1149/1.24080981971, Volume 118, Issue 3, Pages 94C.J. Electrochem. Soc. 

 J. D. Swift, M. J. R. Schwar and John H. Keller Electrical Probes for Plasma Diagnostics

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© 1971 ECS - The Electrochemical Society

94C JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY March 1971

ADSORPTION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ON ELECTRODES By Boris B. Damaskin, Oleg A. Petrii, and Valerii V. Batrakov, Department of Electrochemistry, Moscow State Uni- versity, Moscow, USSR. Forward by Academician A. N. Frumkin. Director of the Institute of Electrochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Russian by E. Boris Uvarov, Senior Scientific Translator Translation edited by Roger Parsons, Reader in Electrochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, England.

This volume reviews a staggering amount of recent work on the adsorption of organic molecules on electrodes, and does so more thoroughly and compre- hensively than any other work available today. In preparing this monograph, the authors have drawn upon the profusion of experimental data now accumulated in the periodical literature, as well as upon the results of their own original research. Of the book's three parts, the first, by B. B. Damaskin, is concerned with mercury electrodes. The second, by V. V. Batrakov, discusses adsorption on solid metals, excluding the platinum metals, which are treated by 0. A. Petrii in the third part: APPROX. 485 PAGES MARCH 1971 $35.00 SBN 306-30432-5

MODERN ASPECTS OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY* NUMBER 6 Edited by J. O'M. Bockris, Biochemistry Laboratory, John Harrison Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and B. E. Conway, De- partment of Chemistry, The University of Southampton, Southampton, England.

This volume is the latest contribution of an important continuing series re- flecting the most recent developments in electrochemistry, as well as the re- orientation of the discipline itself. CONTENTS: Harold L. Friedman, Computed thermodynamic properties and distribution functions for simple models of ionic solu- tions �9 A. J. Arvia and S. L. Marchiano, Some transport phenomena in electro- chemical kinetics �9 J. Llopis, Surface potential at liquid interfaces �9 D. B. Matt- hews and J. O'M. Bockris, The mechanism of charge transfer from metal electrodes to ions in solution �9 A. Hickling, Electrochem- ical processes in glow discharge at the gas- solution interface �9 Index. APPROX. 369 PhGES APRIL 1971 $19.50 SBN 306-37646-6

*Place your continuation order today for books in this series. It will ensure the delivery of new volumes immed- iately upon publication; you will be billed later. This arrangement is solely for your convenience and may be can- celled by you at any time.

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B O O K R E ; V I E ; W S

"Molten Salts--Characterization and Analysis," edited by G. Mamantov. Published by Dekker, Inc., New York 1969. 611 pages; $16.75.

This volume is a collection of pa- pers, both of a review and research nature, presented at the American Chemical Society Symposium on Char- acterization and Analysis in Molten Salts, held in September, 1968

The book is predominantly con- cerned with the interactions between, and evidence for, the species present in molten salts. After an introductory paper describing ion interaction from a simple point charge model and the thermodynamics of these solutions, there are papers describing the use of the following techniques in the study of interactions between ions and in particular of complex ion formation: calorimetry, nuclear magnetic reso- nance, absorption spectroscopy, infra- red and Raman spectroscopy, neutron scattering, transport properties, and various electrochemical techniques.

A large number of the papers are of a review nature, updating the 1964 books by Blander and Sondheim, and are generally very readable so that anyone contemplating working with molten salts will find this volume useful and interesting. In addition, ample space is assigned to discussing ex- perimental procedure and the problems associated with handling these corro- sive materials. Only in a few places will the newcomer to this field of research come across statements both unfamiliar and unexplained.

A common fault with most books emanating from conferences is that there is practically no interaction be- tween the papers; this volume is no exception. However, here it has turned out to the advantage of the reader, as some authors clearly hold very diver- gent views about the usefulness and interpretation of data from some of the analytical techniques. Nowhere was this more apparent than in the discus- sions of data obtained from Raman spectroscopy.

The last few papers which discuss electrode processes and electrochemi- cal measurements in molten salts will be of particular interest to readers of this journal. The general weakness of theoretical treatments of the structure of the molten state is very apparent after reading through this book.

The volume is reproduced directly from a typewritten manuscript and is, in general, well produced. However, the proofreading has been less than ideal in some of the papers. For ex- ample, the very first figure has an in- correct caption, and the constant in equation (17) on page 16 is incorrect both in magnitude and units. The lack of any uniformity, even within a single paper, in the units used for wavelength and energy in spectral plots was found somewhat annoying. These, however,

are minor criticisms, and overall the book is easy to read and anyone in the field, or contemplating working with molten salts, will find this collection of papers interesting and useful, and a worthwhile addition to his library.

M. Stanley Whittingham Stanford University

Stanford, Calif. 94305

"Electrical Probes for Plasma Diag- nostics," by J. D. Swift and M. J. R. Schwar. Published by American El- sevier Publishing Co., Inc., 1970. 334 pages; $19.50. This volume is a compilation of elec-

trical probe theories and practical de- tails which cover a wide range of plasma states. Thirteen chapters of the book deal with electrical probes, and one chapter is given over to other plasma diagnostic techniques.

The book has a good introduction to electrical probe theory. Insight is given into the operation of electrical probes and problems associated with them. One of the best features of the book is that it contains comprehensive sets of graphical data for electrical probes.

A limitation of the book is the ne- glect of the effect of ionization rates. Also, as the authors mention, the theories and graphs do not include effects due to plasma species flowing relative to the probe.

Chapter one is a good introduction to elementary probe theory and plasma parameter determination. Chapter two covers kinetic theory of ionized gases, but as presented, describes either plasmas with very low ionization (less than .01%) or fully ionized plasmas. Unfortunately, many useful plasmas fall somewhere between these two limits.

Spatial distribution of carriers for different probe geometries is covered in chapter three and electron current characteristics are discussed in chap- ter four. Chapters five and six deal with dynamic probe current and posi- tive ion current characteristics. Chap- ter six also contains many graphs which should prove useful to the ex- perimenter.

Chapter seven covers floating probes. These are systems of two or three probes which are floating with respect to the plasma electrodes and generally draw less current from the plasma. Chapter eight is a good dis- cussion of resonant probes. Chapters nine and ten deal with probes in high pressure plasmas and contain many useful graphs.

The remainder of the book covers such topics as perturbation of the plasma, experimental considerations, magnetic plasmas, and negative ion plasmas.

The book cites many references, an added advantage. In conclusion, it is believed that this book can aid a re- searcher in obtaining more informa- tion from a plasma when he is using electrical probes.

John H. Keller IBM Corporation,

Hopewell Junction, N. Y.