ELECTRICAL DESIGN

440V POWER SYSYEM ANALYSIS

LIGHTING SYSYEM

DC POWER SYSYEM

DESIGN CRITERIA OF GENERATORGENERATING SYSTEM TRAD-OFF PROCEDUREQUALITY OF POWER SYSTEM

POWER CABLECONCLUSION

TOPICTOPIC

440V POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS

ELECTRIC POWER LOAD ANALYSIS - AC 440V 60 Hz - 220V 60Hz(Communication load) - 115V 400Hz - 440V 400Hz - 24VDC, 28VDCKEY-PLAN OF MAIN ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMSHORT CIRCUIT CALCULATIONVOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

440V POWER SYSYEM ANALYSIS440V POWER SYSYEM ANALYSIS

Continuou

s Load Intermittent Load Seldom

used Load

Operation of equipment

Operation Ship conditionShore

AnshoringCrusing

FunctionalEmergency

1.1 LOAD FACTOR

ELECTRIC LOAD ANALYSIS1

Demand load = kW Input x Load factor

GROUP 100 Hull Structure

GROUP 200 Propulsion Plant

GROUP 300 Electric Plant

GROUP 400 Command and surveillance

GROUP 500 Auxiliary System

GROUP 600 Outfit and Furnishing

GROUP 700 Armament

GROUP 800 Integration/Engineering

1.2 DEMAND LOAD

1.3 GROUP OF LOAD

GROUP 300 (Electric Plant)GROUP 300 (Electric Plant)

NO EQUIPMENT QTYRATED POWER

(kW)

TOTAL CONNECTE

D POWER(kW)

ANSHORING SHORE CRUSING FUNCTIONAL EMERGENCY

LF kW LF kW LF kW LF kW LF kW

1 Battery Charger(400A) 1 9.60 9.60 0.2 1.92 0.1 0.96 0.2 1.92 0.3 2.88 0.3 2.88

2 Battery Charger STBY 1 9.60 9.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3 FWD WEAPON UPS (200A) 1 5.60 5.60 0.2 1.12 0.2 1.12 0.4 2.24 0.7 3.92 0.4 2.24

4 AFT WEAPON UPS (200A) 1 5.60 5.60 0.2 1.12 0.2 1.12 0.4 2.24 0.7 3.92 0.4 2.24

5 NO.1 LTG-FMR1 (120KVA, 440/220)

1 96.0 96.0 0.19 18.06 0.13 12.04 0.25 24.08 0.25 24.08 0.19 18.06

6 NO.2 LTG-FMR2(120KVA, 440/220) 1 96.0 96.0 0.18 17.28 0.12 11.52 0.24 22.80 0.24 22.80 0.18 17.28

7 NO.3 LTG-FMR3(120KVA, 440/220) 1 96.0 96.0 0.18 17.28 0.12 11.52 0.24 22.80 0.24 22.80 0.18 17.28

8 NO.4 LTG-FMR4(120KVA, 440/220) 1 96.0 96.0 0.15 14.07 0.10 9.38 0.20 18.76 0.20 18.76 0.15 14.07

9 400Hz F/C 1 15.00 15.00 0.11 1.58 0.02 0.35 0.12 1.74 0.52 7.79 0.35 5.20

10 400Hz F/C STBY 1 15.00 15.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

11 400Hz F/C (HELI, SERVICE) 1 30.00 30.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

12 NO.1 IC X-FMR(45KVA, 440/220) 1 36.0 36.0 0.14 4.99 0.11 3.79 0.29 10.54 0.54 19.38 0.28 10.24

13 NO.2 IC X-FMR(75KVA, 440/115) 1 60.00 60.00 0.12 7.31 0.06 3.50 0.27 16.25 0.56 33.50 0.14 8.14

14 NO.1 EC X-FMR(45KVA, 440/220) 1 36.0 36.0 0.11 3.90 0.05 1.96 0.22 7.80 0.38 13.65 0.22 7.80

15 NO.2 EC X-FMR(9KVA, 440/115 1 7.20 7.20 0.09 0.68 0.05 0.34 0.19 1.36 0.33 2.38 0.19 1.36

16 D/G PREHEATER 4 4.50 18.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

17 D/G LO PRIMING PUMP 4 0.90 3.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

300 GROUP SUB-TOTAL 635.20 89.04 57.42 132.66 175.98 106.52

ELECTRIC LOAD ANALYSIS(ROK Navy standard)ELECTRIC LOAD ANALYSIS(ROK Navy standard)NO SWBS GROUP

TOTAL CONNECTED

LOAD (kW)ANSHORING

(kW)SHORE(kW) CRUSING (kW) FUNCTIONAL

(kW)EMERGENCY

(kW)

1 GROUP 200(PROPULSION PLANT)

768.80 29.07 5.57 26.36 50.87 20.00

2 GROUP 300(ELECTRIC PLANT)

635.20 89.04 57.42 132.66 175.98 106.52

3 GROUP 400(COMMAND & SURVEILANCE)

485.64 29.75 5.93 185.64 213.42 60.87

4 GROUP 500(AUXILIARY SYSTEM)

2562.30 380.56 308.65 708.24 633.76 333.50

5 GROUP 600(OUTFIT & FURNISHING)

228.20 34.03 31.57 44.11 28.68 0.00

6 GROUP 700(ARMAMENT)

198.90 11.03 6.80 10.25 80.98 21.90

SUB TOTAL 4879.04 573.48 415.94 1107.26 1183.69 542.79

DESIGN MARGIN(5%) 243.95 28.67 20.80 55.36 59.18 27.14

FUTURE GROWTH MARGIN (10%) 487.90 57.35 41.59 110.73 118.37 54.28

TOTAL 5610.90 659.50 478.33 1273.35 1361.24 624.20

D/G : 830 kW x 1 set 79.5% 57.6% 75.2%

D/G : 830 kW x 2 set 76.7% 82.5%

D/G : 830 kW x 3 set

D/G : 830 kW x 4 set

Radial Distribution

DISTRIBUTION CONCEPTDISTRIBUTION CONCEPT

KEY PLAN OF MAIN ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM

2

Combined Radial and

Zone Distribution

ABT: Automatic Bus Transfer

Zone Distribution

KEY PLAN FOR ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMKEY PLAN FOR ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM

SINGLE CONSUMER SETTING

SETTING OF CIRCUIT BREAKER SETTING OF CIRCUIT BREAKER

Starter

F/A (100/15

) Rated Current(A

)

Rated Current(A

)

M

Rated Current(A

)Load

M

M

1. F(Breaker frame) > Short Ka (Current)

2. A, E Selection : Consider rating current, starting current and starting time of the load Also breaker characteristic curve shall be considered.

(Normally, * Rate current x 1.5 -

1.6 times for motor type load,

*Rated current x 1 times for heater type load)

F/A

F/A

F/E

F/C

GROUP CONSUMER SETTING

Starter

F/A (100/15

) Rated Current(A

)

Rated Current(A

)

M

Rated Current(A

)Load

M

M

3. C Selection : 1) Generally, below two

method can be selected (1) IEEE Standard Most high rated current x

1.25+ Sum of other rated current + Spare breaker setting x 0.5

(2) IEC Standard Sum of rated current +

Spare breaker setting x 0.54. Etc. : 1) Generator breaker

setting : Rated x 110% 2) Steering Gear breaker

setting : Only Inst. Trip setting

F/A

F/A

F/E

F/C

Cable size > Breaker setting current

Cable size > Rate current (Heater type load)Cable size > Rate Currentx1.2 ~ 1.3 (Motor type load)

CABLE SIZE SELECTIONCABLE SIZE SELECTION

SINGLE CONSUMER

GROUP CONSUMER

3.SHORT CIRCUIT CALCULATION (IEC61363-1)3.SHORT CIRCUIT CALCULATION (IEC61363-1)

dcacp

acdc

d

ac

III

II

X

UI

2

2

3 ''0

EXAMPLE (Calculation)EXAMPLE (Calculation)G1 G4 G3 G2

ACB ACB

Bus Tie 1 Bus Tie 2

ACB ACB

Bus Tie 4Bus Tie 3

SHORE 1 SHORE 2

190 KVA, 152 kW, 450V

243A, 60Hz 3Ph 1800RPM

ACB

CB

M

1. Sub transient reactance of Generator

Short Circuit point

MSB 1 MSB 2

106.0dX

2.

kA

I

kA

I

p

ac

92.6

45.222

45.2106.03

450

3. Peak short circuit of 4 Generator

kA68.27

92.64

4. The a.c component of 4 Generator and motor

kA59.10

784.045.24

7. Choose ACB

- Rated short circuit making capacity not less than 28.47 kA

- Rated short circuit breaking capacity not less than 10.9 kA

58.3kW, 440V, 98A

5. Motor :

kA

I

kA

MI

p

ac

784.0

988

314.0

982.3)(

6. Short circuit current at main bus bar :

kAI

kAI

p

ac

47.28784.068.27

9.10314.059.10

Modeling of Power System

E-TAB

Calculation Result

EXAMPLE (Program E-TAP)EXAMPLE (Program E-TAP)

Vd = Voltage drop(V)

Vd = Voltage drop(%)

I = Load Current(A) L = Cable Length(m)

Z = Impedance(Ω/m)

4.VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION (MIL-HDBK-299(SH))4.VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION (MIL-HDBK-299(SH))

AC 3 PHASE

DC/AC 1 PHASE

%100%

3

V

VV

IZLV

dd

d

%100%

2

V

VV

IZLV

dd

d

EXAMPLE (Calculation)EXAMPLE (Calculation)

G1 G4 G3 G2

ACB ACB

Bus Tie 1 Bus Tie 2

ACB ACB

Bus Tie 4Bus Tie 3

SHORE 1 SHORE 2

ACB

1. Circuit 1 : Nexans cable, Type MGGO 0.6/1.0 kV

Voltage drop = 0.75 V/Axkm

MSB 1 MSB 2

243 A2(3x95) sq.mm

ยาว 20 เมตร

1

2. Voltage drop from G1 to MSB1

%8.0

100450

64.3

100%

64.31000

2024375.0

V

VV

V

V

d

d

FunctionMaximum overall voltage

drop(%)

Bus tie between ship service switchboards 2.0 %

Bus feeder to load center 2.0 %

Shore power feeder 2.0 %

From ship service switchboard to terminal ofPower equipment

6.0 %

From ship service switchboard to terminal ofElectronic, interior communication control equipment

6.0 %

Aircraft servicing cable from line voltage regulator to the disconnect switch

0.5 %

DESIGN CRITERIA OF GENERATOR

1. Selection the type of prime mover according to the propulsion sys-

tem

2. If the vessel LOA is over 90m, at least three generator shall be

provided(including emergency generator)

3. No emergency generator is required if ship’s generators are lo-

cated in two or more separated watertight bulkheads

4. In the event of damage of one ship service generator, the remain-

ing ship service generators will carry the functional load

5. In event the loss of two adjacent machinery spaces, the remaining

ship service and emergency generators will carry the functional load

(In case of frigate)

6. Future growth margin shall be considered in order to provide suf-

ficient generating capacity for the entire life

7. The generating plant shall be capable of supplying the maximum

operating load without exceeding 90 percent of the remaining on-

line generator capacity.

8. Proper operation load of generator to be:

- Diesel generator : 50 ~ 90%

- Gas-turbine generator : 10 ~ 90%

9. Instantaneous voltage dip shall be less than ±16%

10. Generator operation efficiency should be considered

GENERATING SYSTEM TRAD-OFF

PROCEDURE

GENERATING SYSTEM TRAD-OFF PROCEDUREGENERATING SYSTEM TRAD-OFF PROCEDURE

QUALITY OF POWER

QUALITY OF POWER (MIL- STD – 1399 – 300B)QUALITY OF POWER (MIL- STD – 1399 – 300B)Characteristics Type I Type 2 Type 3

Frequency

1. Normal frequency 60 Hz 400 Hz 400 Hz

2. Frequency tolerance ±3%(±5% for submarines) ±5% ±0.5%

3. Frequency modulation 0.5% 0.5% 0.5%

4. Frequency transient tolerance ±4% ±4% ±1%

5. Worst case frequency excursion from nominal resulting from item2, 3, 4 combined, except under emergency conditions

±5.5% ±6.5% ±1.5%

6. Recovery time from items 4 or 5 2 seconds 2 seconds 0.25 seconds

Voltage

7. Norminal user volage 440, 115, 115/220 Vrms 440, 115Vrms 440, 115, 115/200 Vrms

8. line-to line voltage unbalance 3%(0.5% for 440Vrms, 1% for 115Vrms for submarines)

3% 2%

9. User voltage tolerance

a. Average line-to-line voltage from nominal ±5% ±5% ±2%

b. Line-to-line voltage from nominal include items 8 and 9a ±7% ±7% ±3%

10. Voltage modulation ±2% ±2% ±1%

11. Maximum departure voltage from nominal resulting from item 8,9a,9b and 10 combined except under transient or emergency condition

±8% ±8% ±4%

12. Voltage transient tolerance ±16% ±16% ±5%

13. Worst case voltage excursion from nominal resulting from item 8,9a,9b ,10 and 102 combined except under transient or emergency condition

±20% ±20% ±5.5%

14. Recovery time from item 12 or item 13 2 seconds 2 seconds 0.25 seconds

15. Voltage spike (= peak value) 2.5 kV(440 Vrms sys)1.0 kV(115 Vrms sys)

2.5 kV(440 Vrms sys)1.0 kV(115 Vrms sys)

2.5 kV(440 Vrms sys)1.0 kV(115 Vrms sys)

DC POWER SYSTEM

DC power system is feed to loads required DC 24V or DC 28V source

COMPONENT - Battery Charger(Rectifier) : Changed to DC 24V from Main source (AC 440V 3PH 60Hz) - Distribution Board : Feed to loads - Batteries : Alternative source

DC POWER SYSTEMDC POWER SYSTEM

BATTERY CALCULATIONBATTERY CALCULATION1.Discharging Criteria

2.Calculation Battery Rating(10hr, 25ºC )

Load Discharging Time Remark

Distress communication 6 hours SOLAS

Propulsion Control4 hours Diesel Engine Propulsion

1 hours Gas Turbine Propulsion

Other system 0.5 hours SOLAS

C : Battery Capacity (Ah)L : Maintenance Factor(Aging Factor)I : Discharging CurrentK : Ratio of rated ampere-hour capacity(at 10hr rate, 25ºC)

112211

1 nnn IIKIIKIK

LC (Ah)

KT CURVES(ES BATT.)KT CURVES(ES BATT.)

a) Discharging Current : 3139W ÷ 24V = 130.8 A b) Discharging Time : 0.5 hourc) Calculation Battery : C = (1/L)xK1xL1 = (1/0.8)x1.0x130.8 = 163.5 AHd) Battery Selection : DC 24V

200AH(200AH-12Vx2V)

3.(Ex) Communication Battery

4.Load Analysis of 24VDC

Load Connected Load(W)

Normal Load(W)

Abnormal Load(W)

Discharging Time(Hour)

Distress communicationSub Total - - -

6.0Margin(10%) - - -

Total - - -

Communication LoadSub Total 2034.0 0.00 2853.6

0.5Margin(10%) 203.4 0.00 285.4

Total 2237.4 0.00 34139.0

Ship service

GeneralSub Total 15838.9 3433.3 3537.7

0.5Margin(10%) 1583.9 343.3 353.8

Total 17422.8 3776.7 3891.4

Propulsion Control

Sub Total 1310.0 202.4 79.64.0Margin(10%) 131.0 20.2 8.0

Total 1441.0 222.6 87.6

BATTERY CHARGERBATTERY CHARGER

Calculation Battery Charger

ALT

EAhC

C : Battery charging rating (A)Ah : Battery capacityE : Charging characteristic constant(1.1)T : Charging time(8 hour base)L : Normal Load

VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATIONVOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION1.General Calculation

2.MIL-STD Cable Calculation(24VDC)

%1002

V

ILRD dc

D : Voltage drop(%)Rdc :Direct current Resistance(Ω/km) *From cable makerL : Cable length(m)V : Normal voltage(V)

10042.2465%

AE

ILCD

D : Voltage drop(%)I : Load current(A)L : Cable length(Feet)A : Circular mil cross-sectional area of conductor[MCM]E : Normal voltage(V)

LIGHTING SYSTEM

Lighting system shall be devide into volumes which is to be supplied from central distribution point

Electrical system is subdivided in to zones, equipment and wiring for the lighting system for each zone shall be confined with in boundaries of that zone

Short vertical and horizontal

Minimum length and weight

Shape approximate a

cube

Central distribution point

near center of volume

BASIC PRINCIPLES DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM DESIGNBASIC PRINCIPLES DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM DESIGN

Lighting feeder is 220V 60Hz energized from lighting load center or switchboard which installed adjacent to the center distribution pointThe load on each three phase circuit will be balanced among phaseThe number of lighting fixtures install in each circuit shall be determined the following factors

- Voltage drop- Control features required- Current carrying capacity of cable

Lighting feeder is 220V 60Hz energized from lighting load center or switchboard which installed adjacent to the center distribution pointThe load on each three phase circuit will be balanced among phaseThe number of lighting fixtures install in each circuit shall be determined the following factors

- Voltage drop- Control features required- Current carrying capacity of cable- Rating of switch, fuses, circuit breaker

ILLUMINATION LEVEL(ROK Navy standard)ILLUMINATION LEVEL(ROK Navy standard)

G=GENERAL –Functional group Footcadle

Lux

D = DETAIL –Equipment or furniture

G Hangar and air control and associated space, except: Flight deck crew shelter

14.07.0

15075

G Living and recreation spaces, except : Recreation areas Berthing areas LibraryD Reading and writing areas

14.028.07.0

28.042.0

15030075

300450

G Foodservice and messing spaceD Food preparation counter Range tops

28.042.042.0

300450450

G Damage control space except: Repair stations Foam injection station

14.07.07.0

1507575

1 footcandle = 10.76 lux

POWER CABLE

LS MILITARY SHIPBOARD CABLELS MILITARY SHIPBOARD CABLE

CONCLUSION

LOAD ANALYSIS

KEY PLAN POWER SYSTEM

ONE LINE DIAGRAM

ELECTRICAL ARRANGEMENT

DRAWINGSYSTEM WIRING DIAGRAM

MAIN CABLE TRAY

VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

SHORT CIRCUIT

CALCULATION

LIST OF CABLE

LIST OF EQUIPMEN

T

CABLE LAYING DRAWIN

GSHOP

DRAWING

DES

IG

N

ELECTRICAL DESIGNELECTRICAL DESIGN