el nino southern oscillation. oceanic temperatures as a function of enso (figure obtained from ch. 4...
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El Nino Southern Oscillation
Oceanic Temperatures as a Function of ENSO
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
Warm west, cold east Warm everywhere, but particularly in the
central Pacific
Warming erodes everywhere in
response to upwelling
Oceanic Temperatures as a Function of ENSO
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
Oceanic Temperatures as a Function of ENSO
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
Oceanic Temperatures as a Function of ENSO
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
Southern Oscillation Index
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
diff
diffdiff
p
ppSOI
)(10
pdiff = p(Tahiti) – p(Darwin)
Southern Oscillation Index
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
El Nino: Warmer at Tahiti -> Lower SLP -> Negative SOI
La Nina: Cooler at Tahiti -> Higher SLP -> Positive SOI
ENSO Monitoring Regions
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
Walker Circulation During La Nina Events
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
Enhanced heating drives enhanced ascent
Enhanced cooling drives enhanced
descent
Walker Circulation During El Nino Events
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
Enhanced heating drives enhanced ascent
Weakened cooling drives substantially weakened descent
El Nino and the Australian Monsoon
(Figure obtained from Ch. 3 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
El Niño and W. Hemisphere Hurricanes
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
NH Winter Impacts of El Niño
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
NH Summer Impacts of El Niño
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
NH Winter Impacts of La Niña
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
NH Summer Impacts of La Niña
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
Northern Hemispheric Pattern Modulation by ENSO
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
Delayed Oscillator Theory
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
Delayed Oscillator Theory
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
Western Pacific Oscillator Theory
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
Dynamical Model Forecasts of ENSO
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)
Statistical Model Forecasts of ENSO
(Figure obtained from Ch. 4 of An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition. © 2011, COMET.)